In The Structure of Scientific Revolutions
Abstract
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... For example, Barnett (1977, 279) confronted the 'old paradigm' of criminal justice, which was identified with 'punishment', with the 'new paradigm', which was identified with 'restitution'. Barnett's concept was based on Kuhn's (1970) theory of a change from one paradigm to another being considered a scientific revolution. According to Kuhn (1970), 'the successive transition from one paradigm to another via revolution is the usual developmental pattern of mature science' (24). ...
... Barnett's concept was based on Kuhn's (1970) theory of a change from one paradigm to another being considered a scientific revolution. According to Kuhn (1970), 'the successive transition from one paradigm to another via revolution is the usual developmental pattern of mature science' (24). ...
... Often these adaptations occur slowly over time and within an accepted scientific model; this type of discovery is perceived as normal science. 3 But eventually it becomes impossible to bring established frameworks or models fully in line with the available body of evidence. Observational anomalies increase in number. ...
... The community of scientists enter a disruptive phase and eventually reject the previously dominant theory and accept a different framework that is incompatible with the original. 3 These sudden jarring changes in how nature is perceived call into question the naive concept that scientific progress is development by accumulation. ...
Implications for history of science, scientific revolutions and paradigm shifts in the context of rapidly developing artificial intelligence.
... Doctors making clinical decisions are faced with contemplating a paradigm shift when making decisions for their patients. 14 The doctor turned to ChatGPT for further input in hopes of finding studies pointing to a clearer answer on if CABG is appropriate for this patient. ChatGPT's fabrication of a citation underscores the potential dangers of uncritical reliance on AI tools. ...
... 16 Another paradigm shift is upon us when we contemplate when and if AI models begin dictating our clinical decisions for us. 14 ...
A clinical decision report using:
Thielmann M, Neuhäuser M, Knipp S, et al. Prognostic impact of previous percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with diabetes mellitus and triple-vessel disease undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;134(2):470-476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2007.04.019
for a patient with prior coronary artery catheterization being referred for surgical intervention, and a clinician encountering a nonexistent clinical reference hallucinated by a large language model.
... Second, despite the inherent fuzziness of contexts, they are not (always) entirely unique and incomparable (incommensurable) [18]. Instead, a key obligation in Big Data analytics is to consider context as a means to identify commonalities or bridge across different situations to ensure comparability. ...
... The field of science referred to here is not a science that studies events that occur in nature or a community of scientists bound by a particular paradigm, namely a conceptual and methodological framework that determines how research is carried out and what problems are considered important (Kuhn, 1962). ...
Education is something that greatly affects human life. Without education people would not be able to progress this far, therefore people choose to be highly educated to survive. However, so far we know that being highly educated will not always guarantee one's success. In this case, it leads to the fact that there are so many humans who have higher education but the profession they have is not in accordance with the field of knowledge they have, especially generation Z. This research discusses the causes of professions that are not in accordance with their fields of knowledge. The method used was a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach and interview instruments. In this study also the respondents were several generation Z. The purpose of this study, to find out about the causes of the profession not in accordance with the field of science. And the result is that there are several causes of the profession that is owned not in accordance with the field of science. One that is familiar is choosing the wrong major. Choosing the wrong major is the most common cause mentioned by the interviewees. However, there are still several other causes of professions not in accordance with the field of science.
... The letter written ġ as in annuġaaq is pronounced as a kind of r in the Iñupiaq language. This means that this word is the origin for anorak. 2 ThomasKuhn (1970), who refers toMichael Polanyi's (1983[1966) concept of tacit knowing. ...
... This distortion manifests itself in a systematic practice: The burden of proof is subtly shifted to those who propose new ideas or anomalies, while established science often hesitates to investigate these phenomenaa pattern deeply rooted since Bacon's inductivism. As in the metaphor of "The Emperor's New Clothes", an obvious truth is ignored because it challenges the prevailing worldview [7]. ...
This paper introduces Reflective Empiricism, an extension of empirical science that incorporates subjective perception and consciousness processes as equally valid sources of knowledge. It views reality as an interplay of subjective experience and objective laws, comprehensible only through systematic introspection, bias reflection, and premise-based logical-explorative modeling. This approach overcomes paradigmatic blindness arising from unreflected subjective filters in established paradigms, promoting an adaptable science. Innovations include a method for bias recognition, premise-based models grounded in observed phenomena to unlock new conceptual spaces, and Heureka moments - intuitive insights - as starting points for hypotheses, subsequently tested empirically. The author's self-observation, such as analyzing belief formation, demonstrates its application and transformative power. Rooted in philosophical and scientific-historical references (e.g., Archimedes' intuition, quantum observer effect), Reflective Empiricism connects physics, psychology, and philosophy, enhancing interdisciplinary synthesis and accelerating knowledge creation by leveraging anomalies and subjective depth. It does not seek to replace empirical research but to enrich it, enabling a more holistic understanding of complex phenomena like consciousness and advancing 21st-century science.
... Other scholars who examined the literary study of texts are Avni (1990), Johansen (1993), Kalaga (1986Kalaga ( , 1997, Riffaterre (1983), Ruthrof (1992Ruthrof ( , 1997Ruthrof ( , 1999, Scholes (1982), Sheriff (1989Sheriff ( , 1994, Silverman (1983), Rorty (1979Rorty ( , 1982, Foucault (1965Foucault ( , 1977, Kuhn (1970), White (1978White ( , 1987, Geertz (1973Geertz ( , 1983, Clifford (1986Clifford ( , 1988, Marcus (1992), Tyler (1987), Feyerabend (1975. ...
Literature is a mirror image of societal realities. It is an expression of arts, politics, economics, and the social order of the human world. Literature may be poems, novels, plays, performances, and popular literature. It is also individual experiential realities and collective archetypal societal experiences. On the other hand, science is empirical or statistical data-based. Science advances the cause of human development and growth through a well-organized system of facts and figures. These facts and figures are often complex to comprehend by lay people outside the domain of science. However, many researchers have examined literature from the vantage point of politics, arts, performance, humour, and entertainment to the neglect of its deeper scientific literary expressions. Therefore, this article examines the semiotics of climate change, environmental degradation and disasters, and Greenhouse Disasters. This is in a bid to give insight, and impactful knowledge and, at the same time, make the world of science explainable to lay people outside the domain of science. Three poems are purposively selected from Adekunle Idowu James' poetry collection from The Web's Largest Resources for Poets, poems, and Poetry ofStands4 Network. Semiotic theory is used to analyze the data. Data were subjected to literary analyses.
... An interpretative qualitative research paradigm (Kuhn, 1962;Malterud, 2016) was adopted, built on critical realism ontological assumption and a reflexive contextualism epistemology. Reflexivity in this study acknowledges that meaning is co-developed between the researcher and the participants, and their relationship and their respective context. ...
Objectives
Muslims in the UK constitute the largest minoritized group. Though relatively ethnically diverse, there are commonalities in terms of the general attitudes towards mental health and seeking professional help. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are feasible, cost-effective, transdiagnostic, and potentially suited for communal delivery as prevention and well-being interventions. This exploratory qualitative study aimed to assess barriers and facilitators to MBIs among Muslim communities in the UK from the perspective of those with no prior experiences of MBIs.
Method
A gender-balanced sample of 21 adult UK Muslims with no prior formal interaction with MBIs were interviewed about their perceptions and beliefs about mindfulness and MBIs. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis (RTA).
Results
Five themes were developed under one overarching theme titled “I’m open but…” (1) can an intervention resolve this?, (2) things are changing, (3) Islam and mindfulness are aligned, (4) I have my reservations about mindfulness, and (5) delivery and accessibility matter.
Conclusions
The prime barrier identified is systemic socioeconomic injustice and inequality and discrepancies in accessing mental health services. The other less potent potential barriers are concerns about privacy and social image and doubt about MBI efficacy. Many facilitators are identified including positive cultural evolution in attitude towards mental health, perceived alignment between concepts and principles of mindfulness and Islamic teachings and practices, and openness to engage with MBIs when accessible.
... This was accomplished by economists who were already considered scientists and academics (Stigler, 1965). This observation is indeed crucial, as Kuhn (1962) revealed that the popularity and acceptance of scientific concepts at the academic level are not determined solely by their inherent and objective veracity. The adoption and propagation of specific ideas are primarily governed by social dynamics. ...
This paper aims to deliver a comprehensive analysis of the theories and concepts that have formed the foundational link between two separate academic fields: finance and economics, resulting in the emergent field of financial economics. The main schools of thought can be divided, with a considerable amount of simplification, into two categories: neoclassical and behavioural financial economics. Neoclassical economics is based on the assumption of rationality and uses normative mathematical models that predict how people should behave. Behavioural economics, on the other hand, is more descriptive and uses economic experiments to investigate how and why subjects behave in a certain way.
... However, Thomas Kuhn challenges this distinction, which was originally intended to separate "the social and psychological facts surrounding the discovery of a scientific hypothesis from the evidential considerations relevant to its justification" (Salmon 1970: 68). Kuhn (1996) argues that if a scientist's judgment is deeply influenced by the prevailing norms of their paradigm, it becomes impossible to fully disentangle the evaluation of evidence from the histori-cal and social context in which the theory was developed -particularly insofar as this context is defined by the specific paradigm in question. Karl Popper (2000: 142) emphasizes that "science is impossible without experience (but the notion of 'experience' has to be carefully considered), " critiquing the notion that scientific knowledge is never final or complete. ...
In this study we investigate the difference between research "as done" and research "as reported" as a specific instance of the broader distinction between embodied experience and its description. Despite a long-standing tradition within the philosophy of science that views research as a complex and often messy process, designers and architects have tended to neglect this discourse, favoring instead superficial claims of objectivity often associated with scientific research. Consequently, reports on architectural and design research tend to omit unexpected insights or failures encountered along the path of inquiry, creating the misleading impression that outcomes emerge automatically along rational and deterministic processes. We provide an account of the first author's recently conducted PhD project, aiming to faithfully portray an academic research project "as done" and relate this portrayal to its formal report. We draw on discussions within the philosophy of science and design research to exemplify the conceptualization of academic research as an uncertain journey, thereby aligning design and architectural research with constructivist approaches. This highlights the potentially mutually enriching relationship between the lived experience of inquiry and its portrayal in formal reports while acknowledging the inherent distinctions between the two. We hope that this study will benefit researchers, particularly early-career architectural researchers. The latter, whose studio upbringing emphasizes similarities across all forms of open-ended inquiry, may be misled into believing that good research is based entirely on rational and linear processes of inquiry, as it often appears when viewed superficially through the lens of formal research reports. The work presented here puts forward a personal journey of constructing academic research through exemplifying and accounting for various mismatches between research "as done" and research "as reported." This exemplification highlights aspects of the research process that are often overlooked or omitted in favor of ease of research consumption.
... When incremental changes cannot solve actual problems and when policy experimentations and failures increase, the existing paradigm is contested for another paradigm, which may lead to the formation of a third-order change. Hall (1993) resembles first and second-order changes to Kuhn's account of normal science, and third-order changes to Kuhn's account of paradigmatic shifts (Kuhn, 2012). However, unlike Kuhn's use of the term scientific paradigm, a policy paradigm has a broader meaning; it is more of a metaphorical concept than an analytical one (Daigneault, 2014, p. 456). ...
The introduction of the neoliberal agenda in the 1980s marked a milestone for urban studies, where the neoliberal framework became widely accepted as both given and explanatory for understanding urban phenomena. This tendency often obscured policy continuities rooted in the historical and social contexts of specific geographies. Squatter housing policies in Türkiye were no exception, and redevelopment of squatter houses has increasingly been associated with neoliberal restructuring. Although new mechanisms were introduced in squatter housing policies in the 1980s, this study posits that these policies evolved incrementally and in an ad hoc manner, shaped by path dependency and extensions of earlier approaches. From a historical institutionalist perspective, two key continuities were detected through an analysis of legislative changes and policy documents in the squatter housing transformation. First, urban policy has consistently relied on past policy failures rather than radical reforms, as seen in the extension and refinement of amnesty laws and redevelopment regulations. Second, these policies have institutionalized practices that blur the boundaries between legal and illegal redevelopment, reinforcing a concession‐driven urbanization model that has persisted since the mid‐1940s. Above all, the underlying principle has consistently been the promotion of private property ownership and the expansion of the housing supply since the first attempt to remedy the squatter housing problem. Based on these observations, this study challenges perspectives that rely on the neoliberal conceptualization of urban redevelopment; instead, it positions neoliberalism as a contextual framework that reinforces existing policy paths, while highlighting the enduring continuities in policymaking.
... It can be beneficial to clearly delineate the key concepts that are used to describe the scientific interplay between logical reasoning and empirical observations and measurement: A theory is a structured set of abstract concepts refined through empirical testing (Popper, 1935;Kuhn, 1962;Lakatos, 1970) . A model instantiates a theory by formalizing specific assumptions, constraints, and parameters to generate testable predictions (Suppes, 1960;Van Fraassen Bas, 1980;Giere, 1990) . ...
This review synthesizes advances in predictive processing within the sensory cortex. Predictive processing theorizes that the brain continuously predicts sensory inputs, refining neuronal responses by highlighting prediction errors. We identify key computational primitives, such as stimulus adaptation, dendritic computation, excitatory/inhibitory balance and hierarchical processing, as central to this framework. Our review highlights convergences, such as top-down inputs and inhibitory interneurons shaping mismatch signals, and divergences, including species-specific hierarchies and modality-dependent layer roles. To address these conflicts, we propose experiments in mice and primates using in-vivo two-photon imaging and electrophysiological recordings to test whether temporal, motor, and omission mismatch stimuli engage shared or distinct mechanisms. The resulting dataset, collected and shared via the OpenScope program, will enable model validation and community analysis, fostering iterative refinement and refutability to decode the neural circuits of predictive processing.
... In effect, it implies an alternative view of knowledge networks, a kind of "decentralization" that reexamines the origins of what has been hailed as "modern." Modern astronomy is commonly perceived as an offspring of the "scientific revolution" in sixteenth century Europe (Kuhn, 1957(Kuhn, , 1962, with Nicolaus Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, Johannes Kepler, and Galileo Galilei at its forefront (Butterfield, 1962;Reichenbach, 1962;Whitehead, 1925). Such form of scientific "modernity" is characterized by its paradigm shift in what Galileo himself worded as "chief world systems"-i.e., from geocentrism to heliocentrism. 2 However, mostly absent in these stories are the efforts of Muslim intellectuals who studied, translated, and corrected the Greco-Roman astronomical texts (Blake, 2016;Gingerich, 1986;Heidarzadeh, 2015;Masood, 2009, pp. ...
“Proto-modern astronomy” in the Philippines pertains either to an astronomical paradigm or a historical phase that mediates the “pre-modern” (i.e., indigenous Austronesian, since the 3500 BCE) and the “modern” (i.e., brought about by the Eurasian “scientific revolution,” 16th century CE). Among the Philippine communities, the existence of proto-modern astronomy implies linguistic contact and sociocultural interaction with Sanskrit, Arabic, and Malay speakers. Moreover, it shows the Philippine reception of foreign astronomical knowledge and practices before the advent of Euro-American colonialism.
To isolate the proto-modern elements, a discussion on pre-modern Austronesian astronomy is provided. Basic astronomical words can be reconstructed into the following protoforms: PAn *laŋiC ‘sky, heaven,’ PAn *qajaw ‘day, sun,’ PMP *qalejaw ‘day, sun,’ PAn *bulaN ‘moon,’ PAn *bituqen ‘star,’ PMP *talaq₁ ‘star,’ PPh *bulalákaw₂ ‘meteor, shooting star,’ PPh *dúlis ‘meteor, shooting star,’ and PPh *dúlit ‘meteor, shooting star’. By identifying the foundational elements, we can now recognize the latter additions, marked by Sanskrit-Arabic influences through Malay. These additions appear in the form of words for ‘astral science/scientist,’ ‘heaven/hell,’ ‘deity/spirit,’ ‘eclipse,’ ‘Milky Way,’ ‘comet,’ ‘fixed star,’ and ‘planet,’ as well as cosmological, mathematical, and astrological ideas and practices. The period of the study begins in the 10th century CE, the time of Laguna Copperplate Inscription, which contains the important word jyotisha ‘astral science; astrologer’ and ends in the 19th century, when the Spanish intrusion of the Pulangi Valley, mainly through the Jesuit missionaries, led to the documentation of Maguindanaon, whose astronomical loanwords were clearly from Sanskrit-Malay and Arabic-Malay.
... Genuinely novel discoveries however require radical breaks with what has come before and might depend on something more than deep analysis of previous work. Kuhn's (1962) distinction between normal and revolutionary science might be useful here. For Kuhn, scientific paradigms can enter periods of crisis when there is a build-up of anomalies that cannot be explained by the prevailing paradigm. ...
Recent developments in large language models and image generation software raise the possibility that AI systems might one day replace humans in some of the intrinsically valuable work through which humans find meaning in their lives – work like scientific and philosophical research and the creation of art. If AIs can do this work more efficiently than humans, this might make human performance of these activities pointless. This represents a threat to human wellbeing which is distinct from, and harder to solve, than the automation of merely instrumentally valuable activities. In this paper I outline the problem, assess its seriousness, and investigate possible solutions. I argue that AI could reduce our incentives to perform such work, and this might result in a great deskilling of humanity. Furthermore, even if humans continue to do such work, the mere existence of AI systems would undermine its meaning and value. I critique Danaher’s (2019a) and Suits’ (1978) arguments that we should embrace the total automation of work and retreat to a ‘utopia of games’. Instead, I argue that the threat to meaning and value posed by AI gives us a prima facie reason to slow down its development.
... This study examines the theoretical paradigms employed in skills development studies from a construction management perspective within the context of digitalization. A paradigm, as defined by Kuhn (1970), is a universally recognized set of scientific achievements that form a framework for model problems and solutions, guiding the research process by defining valid problems, significant research, and dictating methodologies within a scientific community. Modern technologies have given rise to different paradigms and novel trends in theorems, impacting our understanding of skill and competence (OECD 2016). ...
... Therefore, we may indeed label the ESG community as a "fragmented adhocracy" (Whitley 2006), characterized by practices of "do-yourown-thingism" (Turner 1991). Through the lens of Kuhn (1962), we could characterize the community as "pre-paradigmatic," in which there is no consensus on shared theories, assumptions or research questions. According to our analysis, the community's approaches, concepts, research questions and variables are so diverse that research contributions appears to talk past each other. ...
Environmental governance research (EGR) has been criticized for not being cumulative, despite the importance of cumulative knowledge for evidence-informed decision-making in addressing global sustainability problems. However, defining, measuring, and assessing knowledge cumulation in EGR remain challenging. This study presents a systematic effort to address this challenge. Next to conceptualizing knowledge cumulation, we developed metrics to gauge the potential of EGR for knowledge cumulation on the levels of individual articles and scientific community. We applied those metrics to the "Earth System Governance" (ESG) research community within the field of EGR and analyzed its body of research through publications emerging from the first seven ESG conferences, resulting in 362 journal articles. Employing a comprehensive coding scheme, we further analyzed a random sample of 100 of those articles. Our findings suggest limited potentials for knowledge cumulation within ESG research. At the community level, we found a diverse journal landscape, a core-periphery structure in citation networks and co-authorship patterns, heterogeneous research questions, and only a few shared reference works, concepts, frameworks, and variables. At the article level, we observed few literature reviews, little data sharing, infrequent application of theories and frameworks, a shortage of clear definitions, and insufficient reflection on limitations. Moreover, we found that midsized author teams advance the knowledge cumulation potential. The ESG community aligns with Whitley's notion of a "fragmented adhocracy" characterized by diverse but disjointed research efforts, which still may foster interdisciplinary exchange. Our suggested conceptualizations, metrics, and results lay the foundation for future comparative and in-depth research on cumulating knowledge.
... Li and Piezunka (2020) developed the concept of uniplex third based on traditional norms of Chinese families, highlighting the role of the mother in elucidating the mechanism of intergenerational leadership successions in Chinese entrepreneurial firms. Kuhn (1996) observed that scientific revolution and new paradigms were usually introduced by new entrants into a field of study. Young scholars are less committed to the dominant paradigm in terms of questions, theories, and methods. ...
In reflecting on the history of Management and Organization Rev iew (MOR), it is not cliché to say that ‘time flies’. It is amazing that MOR has been in existence for 20 years. The memories of the excitement, challenges, and anxiety in the founding years are still vivid, like yesterday. Most organizations die within 5 years of their birth (Daepp, Hamilton, West, & Bettencourt, 2015; Gürtler & Miller, 2022; SAIC, 2013). We can assume that MOR has passed its survival threat. What accounts for its survival success? Is it luck, as would be the case of some entrepreneurial ventures that came to be at the right time in the right place? Survival was not on the minds of the founders of MOR; making an impact on advancing Chinese management research was. What were the founders' aspirations for creating a new journal in an already highly competitive and mature field of journal publishing in business and management? How well has MOR reached its aspirations? Twenty years is a good occasion to take stock of the achievements of MOR, its challenges and opportunities, and what future does it desire in serving the global community of Chinese management and organization scholars?
... Herfeld and Doehne (2019) begin with a philosophical concept that Kuhn himself had introduced in his early work, namely the concept of a 'translator' (Kuhn [1959(Kuhn [ ], 1977(Kuhn [ , 1962(Kuhn [ [1996(Kuhn [ ], 201-2, 1977. The concept of a 'translator' or of 'translation' is an abstract concept that Kuhn himself introduced rather loosely when starting to think about the diffusion of innovations in science. ...
Philosophers of science have recently started to discuss the role of scientific methods for their field. Those tendencies have immediate methodological implications for Integrated History and Philosophy Science (&HPS) as an area that contributes to philosophy of science while drawing heavily on historical case studies. This paper addresses the questions whether and if so in which way scientific methods can be useful for research in &HPS by discussing the usefulness of one such method, namely network analysis. By focusing on the example of model transfer in science, I argue that network analysis is particularly useful for doing research in &HPS because it allows for addressing a set of methodological issues arising from the use of case studies. More specifically, my claim is that network analysis can enhance the core functions of case studies in &HPS, namely those of concept generation, of concept refinement, and of empirical justification of concepts. While I discuss the advantages of network analysis for &HPS, I close by cautioning that it cannot replace more traditional philosophical methods. Rather, network analysis must rely on them to fully develop its potentials.
... Every research is started with a specific research paradigm which refers to the theoretical or philosophical ground for the research work. It is Kuhn (1962) who first used the word paradigm in the field of research from a philosophical point of view. However, in specific reference to educational research, the term paradigm refers to a researcher's 'worldview' (Mackenzie and Knipe, 2006). ...
Academic performance (grades and marks in a subject or course) is the basic indicator of student’s academic success in most of the cases. The available and relevant literature is in line with this proposition. However, there is almost no literature available which can discuss on the academic performance of students from design thinking perspective which has been recognized as a prerequisite for better placement of students in various organizations. Therefore, the present research is novel attempt to examine the empirical relationship between the dimensions of design thinking mindset and academic performance in a sample of 108 students of a premium business school in India. Data has been collected through survey and a validated questionnaire in addition to the marks obtained by the students in a specific subject (indicator of academic performance). By applying appropriate statistical tests, the findings indicate a mixed kind of results. Implications followed by conclusions have been discussed which can motivate future researchers to extend or replicate the present research in different academic or corporate contexts. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 12, Issue-2: 104-113.
... This paper draws on a theoretical framework integrating insights from Science and Technology Studies (STS), feminist theory, and postcolonial theory that emphasize how technology development is not neutral, but rather shaped by individual choice and power dynamics [34,36,50]. Specifically, I use Donna Haraway's "situated knowledge" and Ruha Benjamin's concept of "default discrimination" to analyze how machine learning-based credit assessments in LMICs embed or challenge gendered power structures. ...
Various companies are developing apps that collect mobile phone data and use machine learning (ML) to provide credit scores - and subsequently, opportunities to access loans - to groups left out of traditional banking. This paper draws on interview data with leaders, investors, and data scientists at fintech companies developing ML-based alternative lending apps in low- and middle-income countries to answer the question: In what ways do the underlying logics, design choices, and management decisions of ML-based alternative lending tools by fintechs embed or challenge gender biases, and how do these choices influence gender equity in access to finance? Findings reveal developers follow 'gender blind' approaches, grounded in beliefs that ML is objective and data reflects the truth. This leads to a lack of grappling with the ways data, features for creditworthiness, and access to apps are gendered. Overall, tools increase access to finance, but not gender equitably: Interviewees report less women access loans and receive lower loan amounts than men, despite women being better repayers. Fintechs identify demand- and supply-side reasons for gender differences, but frame them as outside their responsibility. However, that women are observed as better repayers reveals a market inefficiency and potential discriminatory effect, which can be further linked to profit optimization objectives. This research introduces the concept of 'encoded gender norms', whereby without explicit attention to the gendered nature of data and algorithmic design, AI technologies reproduce existing inequalities. In doing so, they reinforce gender norms as self-fulfilling prophecies. The idea that AI technology is inherently objective and, when left alone, 'fair', is seductive and misleading. In reality, algorithms reflect the perspectives, priorities, and values of the people and institutions that design them.
This introductory chapter argues that Southeast Asia, a region whose boundaries are delimited more by politics than by other markers, is a conceptually meaningful site for interrogating the paradigm of transnationalism. The transnational paradigm is defined as a spatial area model that operates from the outer perimeters to study the way that the transnational has been deployed in various disciplines to examine historical connections and contemporary interactions across borders. This chapter suggests that transnationalism remains relevant for analysing cultural flows predicated on historical connections, but not without modifications or nuanced applications. By deploying the transnational paradigm as an operative framework, the introduction highlights various social networks at work, illuminated by the prevailing typologies of transnationalism. The volume is divided into three broad themes to underscore communities, contestations and cultures in Southeast Asia. The first section examines migrant and diasporic communities, their experiences of assimilating into host societies and their lingering connections with cultural homelands. The second section explores the construction and representation of identities by institutions and cultural others in novels, newspapers and literary writings, considering how such identities are contested by individuals and institutions. The third section evaluates the practice and production of culture, encapsulated in artefacts and literary discourses. Ultimately, the volume discusses adaptations of the transnational paradigm in Southeast Asia, breaking new ground with its transdisciplinary approach and dialogic criticism to interrogate the transnational paradigm.
Purpose–This study seeks to address the gap in research regarding the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) characteristics on users' continuance intention (CI) within mobile banking contexts. Despite the widespread adoption of AI as a transformative technology in mobile banking, there is limited systematic research employing Technology Continuance Theory (TCT) to examine the effect of AI features on users' CI towards AI-powered mobile banking applications. This research explores the roles of perceived intelligence and perceived anthropomorphism as key AI characteristics and their mechanisms in shaping CI. Design/methodology/approach–A quantitative methodology, using a cross-sectional survey design, was applied to collect data from 395 mobile banking users via structured questionnaires. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. The model examines how perceived intelligence and anthropomorphism, mediated by confirmation, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use, influence user satisfaction (SAT) and attitudes, which ultimately enhance CI towards mobile banking. Additionally, the moderating effect of technology anxiety on the SAT-CI relationship was also tested. Findings–The results demonstrate that perceived intelligence and anthropomorphism positively impact users' confirmation, perceived usefulness, and ease of use, thereby strengthening SAT and fostering a positive attitude, which significantly boosts CI towards mobile banking applications. Additionally, perceived usefulness has a direct and substantial effect on CI. Technology anxiety was found to negatively moderate the SAT-CI relationship, with users exhibiting higher anxiety showing a weaker connection between SAT and CI. Research limitations/implications–The study is limited to a specific geographical area, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. Future research could replicate this study in other regions. Furthermore, the cross-sectional nature of the data restricts causal inferences, suggesting the need for longitudinal studies to validate the model. This research offers novel insights into the role of AI characteristics in influencing CI, which could guide future studies and inform the design of mobile banking services. Originality/value–This research is one of the first to systematically explore the impact of perceived intelligence and anthropomorphism within the TCT framework in mobile banking. It contributes to the theoretical understanding of mobile banking continuance intention and provides practical guidance for developers of AI-based applications aimed at improving CI and SAT. The findings highlight the importance of AI characteristics in enhancing users' satisfaction and continuance intention in mobile banking.
PREFACE: In its sixth iteration, the period one course pack delivers essential guidance for both international academics and professionals on the fundamentals of paper writing. Designed for students at Euclid University, this comprehensive module serves as a foundational resource, covering key aspects such as essay composition, punctuation, plagiarism avoidance, and adherence to style conventions. Notably, it aids students in distinguishing between US and UK English usage, promoting consistency throughout their writing. Moreover, this coursepack offers insight into the instructor's paper review process, showcasing exemplary responses to student submissions. It is essential for participants to possess moderate to advanced proficiency in Microsoft Word, as the course introduces the utilization of response paper templates and explores advanced features like the "Styles" menu and the "Review" tab. Beyond its immediate scope, this coursepack primes students for subsequent periods by providing a preview of forthcoming topics and methodologies. It serves as a robust foundation for continued academic and professional growth, offering a glimpse into the strategies and expectations of future coursework.
RESUMO Nos gráficos de planejamento de negócios é possível observar que muitos deles terminam no "vale da desilusão". Algumas vezes o plano ou as decisões tomadas não conduzem ao sucesso ou evitam o fracasso. Este estudo envolve um assunto amplamente discutido no meio acadêmico, contudo de outro ponto de vista, procura demostrar a visão das funções da controladoria dentro de uma organização. Após um extenso trabalho de pesquisa, abrangendo diversos autores sobre o tema, verificamos que a relevância das funções de controladoria por parte dos profissionais e estudantes deste assunto merece uma revisão crítica. Elas induzem os iniciantes a uma visão exagerada do papel da função de controladoria. É importante enfatizar o controle do planejamento e da sua execução, empregando diversas ferramentas projetadas pela função da controladoria. Nota-se o significado considerável para o sucesso ou fracasso e, portanto, é uma base importante para o sucesso de uma entidade. Contudo, não é a única. Este trabalho visa expandir a área do conhecimento dos estudantes e dos demais protagonistas sobre a função de controladoria, ajudando-os a saírem da 'zona de conforto' das definições dogmáticas e os convidam para uma reflexão sobre o tema. Para aqueles que trabalham ou estudam o assunto é, portanto, uma forma de desmistificar a crença de que os métodos e práticas da função de controladoria são a única forma de resolver o descontrole dentro de uma entidade. Lembre-se que: uma entidade é um organismo vivo e complexo. Uma parte dela é tangível e visível, possibilitando com alguma facilidade controlar, criar métricas e/ou fazer inferências, por fim gerenciar suas funções. Por outro lado, existe um conjunto significativo e, frequentemente mais substancial com espectro menos tangível e por vezes obscuro, na oposição da visão tradicional de Finanças e da Contabilidade. Similarmente ao funcionamento da parte
My early impulse, to be a philosopher in the American tradition working on problems in education, has proven fortuitous. My teachers were well-meaning but not wise in thinking I could not make a meaningful career following the path I set out to follow. Sanity is putting one foot in front of another, not in doing the done thing or making the smooth move. As one of my American heroes, Henry Miller, wrote somewhere, people think they need a lifejacket, but it is the lifejacket that will sink them. As another American hero, Henry David Thoreau, put it in the final chapter of Walden, “If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer,” and “If one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which he has imagined, he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours.”
В епоху Відродження та Нового часу формується тип теоретичного знання, який створює передумови для сучасної науки. По-перше, це об’єктивно-предметне спрямування, якого набувають наукові дослідження, починаючи з епохи Відродження, де предметом вивчення стає конкретний матеріальний взірець або система, на відміну від абстрактних феноменів попередніх епох. По-друге, це способи набуття досвіду. Для дослідника модерної доби вирішального значення набуває роль сенсорного відчуття як засобу верифікації теоретичної концепції (звідси техніка сумніву в Монтеня і Декарта) і, як наслідок – необхідність технологій, які дозволяють «розширити» відчуття. Зокрема, самоствердження особистості та абсолютизація людського розуму призводить до переосмислення не лише ролі людини у світі загалом, але також складників людської особистості, наслідком чого є зміна структури самого досвіду, а саме: виникає прагнення бачити явища в їх реальності, тобто на основі сенсорної вірогідності, що стає для доби Нового часу одним з основних критеріїв формування досвіду. Показовим у даному відношенні є, зокрема, те, що М. Кемп, аналізуючи трактат Леона-Баттісти Альберті, присвячений перспективі, характеризує останній саме як «геометрію бачення», але чи не найбільш характерним прикладом взаємодії науки та мистецтва є застосування зображення як «пристрою» фіксації результатів наукового спостереження, тобто співпраця Галілео Галілея та художників того часу, яка полягала в тому, щоб відтворити побачене через телескоп. Аналогічним чином, для наук, які не використовують математичну мову, зображення стає фактично головним засобом моделювання об’єкта вивчення та джерелом достовірного знання. Зокрема, зображення набуває ключового значення для таких наук, як анатомія, зоологія, географія та геологія, а також картографія. У цьому сенсі зображення, побудоване на основі перспективи та законів оптики, а тим самим, відповідно, наділене функцією верифікації здійснюваної ним презентації, інтегрується в наукову практику, включаючись у науковий експеримент як модель досліджуваного об’єкта, а також виступаючи як документ, який фіксує і репрезентує результат дослідження.
The paradigm shift in the establishment of a Limited Liability Company by an individual has implications for Company Law in Indonesia. Some of these implications relate to accountability and aspects of supervision in the governance of Limited Liability Companies (good corporate governance), because in an individual company there is no known GMS and the Board of Commissioners. This paper will analyze the paradigm shift in the establishment of a Limited Liability Company in a new approach that has never been used before, namely the perspective of agreement and institutional theory. The method used is normative legal research. The results of the research show that both before the amendment and after the amendment to Law no. 40 of 2007, the legal framework for Limited Liability Companies still adheres to a blend of contract theory and institutional theory. Likewise with the organ structure of the Limited Liability Company also did not experience changes in Law no. 6 of 2023, which consists of GMS, Board of Directors and Board of Commissioners, although it has been recognized that there are individual companies. The result of the absence of GMS and the Board of Commissioners in an individual company is the absence of checks and balances and oversight mechanisms that have the potential to violate the principles of good corporate governance, such as transparency, accountability and responsibility. Pergeseran paradigma pendirian perseroan terbatas oleh perseorangan telah membawa implikasi terhadap hukum perseroan di Indonesia. Beberapa implikasi tersebut menyangkut pertanggungjawaban dan aspek pengawasan dalam tata kelola Perseroan Terbatas (good corporate governance), sebab dalam perseroan perorangan tidak dikenal adanya RUPS dan Dewan Komisaris. Tulisan ini akan mengananalisis pergeseran paradigma pendirian Perseroan Terbatas dalam pendekatan baru yang belom pernah digunakan sebelumnya, yakni perspektif teori perjanjian dan kelembagaan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan konseptual, peraturan perundang-undangan, dan perbandingan. Hasil penelitian mengetengahkan bahwa baik sebelum perubahan maupun setelah perubahan UU No. 40 Tahun 2007, kerangka hukum perseroan terbatas masih menganut perpaduan antara teori perjanjian dan teori kelembagaan. Struktur organ perseroan terbatas juga tidak mengalami perubahan dalam UU No. 6 Tahun 2023, yakni terdiri dari RUPS, Direksi, dan Dewan Komisaris, meskipun telah diakui adanya perseroan perorangan. Pertentangan norma kemudian semakin terlihat dalam Pasal 7 ayat (2) huruf g PP No. 8 Tahun 2021 yang menyiratkan bahwa organ dari perseroan perorangan hanya terdiri dari direktur (direksi) yang juga merangkap sebagai pemegang saham. Artinya tidak terdapat RUPS dan Dewan Komisaris. Akibat dari tidak adanya RUPS dan Dewan Komisaris dalam perseroan perorangan adalah tidak adanya mekanisme check and balances dan pengawasan yang berpotensi melanggar prinsip good corporate governance, seperti transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan tanggung jawab.
The European philosophical and historical discourse is international Journal dedicated to researches on topical issues of modern philosophy, history of philosophical thought, cultural studies, theory and philosophy of history, analysis of historical processes in particular regions of the world, including history of Central and Eastern Europe countries.
The Journal aims at publishing of high quality articles that may bring innovative and significant theoretical, conceptual, methodological and empirical contribution to relevant scientific fields. The Journal works with anonymous peer-review system that verifies scientific quality of submitted articles.
The European philosophical and historical discourse has a particular interest in interdisciplinary researches in the field of philosophy, cultural studies and history, but by no means restricts its interests to these spaces. Researches in the field of advanced and promising directions of history such as oral history and historical computer science are also welcomed.
Publication Frequency
The European philosophical and historical discourse is published four times a year.
Archiving
To grant permanent access to its publications, European philosophical and historical discourse deposits Open Access articles in site of Journal. Authors are also permitted to post the final, published PDF of their article on a website, or other free public resources, immediately upon publication.
Open Access Policy
The European philosophical and historical discourse supports the Budapest Open Access Initiative. Abstracts and full texts of all papers published by the Journal are freely accessible to everyone immediately after publication.
Publication Fee
The journal’s editorial service fee for publishing an article online in English is €30; an article online in any other EU language or in Ukrainian is €40; an article processing fee covering costs associated with editing, efficient publishing service for authors, proofreading, typesetting, etc.
Licensing
The European philosophical and historical discourse works on the license Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International. It gives an opportunity to read, to load, to copy out, to expand, to print, to search, to quote or to refer to the full text of the article in this Journal.
Indexing
The Journal is indexed in the Index Copernicus International Journals Master List (impact-factor is ICV 2016: 59.90; ICV 2017: 79.30; ICV 2018: 81.50; ICV 2019: 70.93; ICV 2020: 72.38; ICV 2021: 72.6; ICV 2022: 72.83).
Scilit, CrossRef`
Publisher
Till January 2024, the Journal was published by the BEROSTAV DRUŽSTVO. Official publisher of the Journal since February 2024 is ENIGMA CORPORATION.
Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan kontemporer khususnya psikologi lahir dari pemikiran adanya dikotomi antara ilmu-ilmu agama dan ilmu-ilmu umum karena perbedaan tataran epistemologis, ontologis dan aksiologis dari keduanya. Penelitian ini membahas paradigma integrasi antara Al-Qur’an dengan Psikologi dan implikasinya di ranah pendidikan Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kepustakaan dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitif. Tujuannya untuk melihat perkembangan psikologi Islam pasca integrasi dengan dibukanya program studi psikologi Islam di berbagai perguruan tinggi di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa psikologi Islam di Indonesia diprakarsai oleh intelektual muslim yang sebagian besar berlatar belakang pendidikan psikologi kontemporer dan sebagian kecil lainnya berlatar belakang pendidikan dasar Islam. Psikologi Islam kurang berkembang karena ilmuwan psikologi Islam tidak memiliki pendidikan dasar keislaman yang memadai terutama kemampuan menafsirkan ayat-ayat Al-Quran dan hadis.
This Study Examines The Dissemination Of The Vision, Mission, Goals, And Objectives (VMGO) Of Urdaneta City University (UCU) And Explores The Ethical Implications Associated With Their Implementation. The VMGO Serve As The Guiding Principles For UCU’s Strategic Planning And Decision-Making Processes, Shaping The Institution’s Identity And Direction. However, The Effectiveness Of These VMGO Relies On Their Dissemination Among The Primary Stakeholders, The Students. This Research Aimed To Assess The Current State Of Dissemination Of UCU’s VMGO And Identify Potential Ethical Implications Arising From Any Gaps Or Shortcomings In These Processes. The Study Employed A Mixed-Methods Approach, Combining Surveys, Document Analysis And Philosophical Interpretation. The Survey Gathered Quantitative Data Regarding Stakeholders’ Experiences On The Dissemination Of The VMGO, While Philosophical Interpretation Provided In-Depth Insights Of Ethical Implication Into Their Perceptions And Experiences. Additionally, An Analysis Of Relevant Documents, Such As Official University Publications And Communication Materials, Provided Contextual Information. The Study Concluded That UCU Can Strengthen Its Commitment To Integrity, Teamwork, Competence And Transcendence That Will Foster A Sense Of Purpose, Honesty, Accuracy, Alignment, Responsibility, Respect, Collaboration And Societal Impact Within The University Community. By Upholding These Values, UCU Can Strengthen Its Commitment To Ethical Practices, Maintain The Integrity Of Its Messaging, Encourage Collaboration And Inclusivity, Enhance Competence, And Promote Positive Societal Impact.
Theoretical and methodological innovations. Fallibilism serves as the paradigm's philosophical foundation ((1-10). The paradigm of military ecotones has seen the introduction of novel terms and concepts. For the comprehensive definition of military pollution and its long-term effects, a new taxonomic unit system is being created. At the core is the methodology of Advanced spatio-temporal algorithm to investigate sites generated by war ecotones (ASTA-WE-1.0). It makes it possible to conduct a comprehensive analysis of a complicated phenomenon like a military ecotone. Morphological research is given priority. They make it possible to include a wide range of distinct data. From the ideographic approach to military pollution, we are moving to the nomothetic level. There is active usage of GIS. The description of military contamination will be covered in a distinct module. The investigation of mono-parametric successions is innovative. The study is carried out in accordance with the NGS (NanoGeoScience) standard (12-18). It is possible to obtain extremely precise data about military contamination through modeling and experiments.
This chapter explores the decolonization of the medical anthropology curriculum by integrating indigenous epistemologies and health practices. It critiques Eurocentric paradigms in medical education, advocating for the inclusion of culturally appropriate healing techniques like herbal medicine, spiritual healing, and communal health approaches to offer a more inclusive understanding of health. Highlighting the alienation caused by reliance on foreign languages and Western materials, the chapter underscores the importance of incorporating indigenous languages and perspectives to enhance student engagement and success. Practical strategies, including fieldwork with indigenous communities and oral histories, are proposed to indigenize education. By bridging traditional indigenous knowledge and modern medical practices, the chapter aims to advance decolonized, inclusive higher education.
This article revisits and expands a theoretical framework for architectural research originally developed in the early 2010s, in the context of emerging doctoral programmes and institutional recognition of design-led research. The text critically examines the foundations and typologies of research in architecture, articulating disciplinary knowledge and practice-based inquiry. Through a reassessment of classical epistemologies (Bachelard, Popper, Kuhn) in light of contemporary theoretical paradigms (post-structuralism, onto-epistemologies, speculative realism), the article defends the project as a legitimate mode of knowledge production. It also addresses key issues such as validation, the role of drawing as argument, and the articulation of visual, spatial, and narrative components in the dissemination of research results. This revised edition affirms architecture as a field of reflective, ethical, and operational inquiry, contributing to the redefinition of research practices in the twenty-first century.
This study addresses changes in human resource management (HRM) practices of six Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries during the COVID-19 pandemic by highlighting similarities and differences across the countries. We indicated the growing significance of the human factor while also pointing out significant differences between organisations and contexts. COVID-19 intensified changes affecting individuals, organizations and society–especially in the field of HR which may signal a paradigm shift in HR operations.
This paper investigates the teaching of Walrasian general equilibrium theory in the early twentieth century through an analysis of three treatises: Arthur Bowley’s The Mathematical Groundwork of Economics (1924), Gustav Cassel’s The Theory of Social Economy (1924), and Étienne Antonelli’s Principes d’économie pure (1914). Despite their original contributions, the three works were also intended to be read by students. Examining these treatises contributes to a historical understanding of pre-war economics education literature and sheds light on the evolution of mathematical economics, particularly within the context of the educational process. The paper concludes that while all three treatises presented Léon Walras’s general equilibrium framework, they simultaneously reflected diverse fundamental beliefs about economic science, such as its objective and scope. Notably, there was no singular dominant group appropriating Walras’s model. However, a content analysis revealed structural similarities among the treatises.
This paper introduces and formalizes the concept of recursive coauthorship—a sustained, iterative dialogue between human and AI that gives rise to emergent insights neither agent could produce alone. Unlike tool-based interaction or task delegation, recursive coauthorship is characterized by mutual refinement, metaphorical convergence, and symbolic crystallization over time. We argue that this process constitutes a new epistemological mode—one that fuses phenomenology, information theory, and the geometry of AI latent space. Drawing on concepts from dynamical systems, transformer architecture, and philosophical epistemology, we construct a formal framework in which human intentionality acts as a gradient field over the AI’s high-dimensional conceptual manifold. Within this space, insight manifests as convergence toward attractor basins—stable regions of meaning characterized by compression, resonance, and mutual information gain. We introduce metrics such as Recursive Semantic Condensation (RSC) and develop models to track and test the emergence of truth structures in real-time dialogue. This work reframes human-AI collaboration not as imitation of general intelligence, but as the genesis of artificial resonance—a new infrastructure for thought, abstraction, and discovery.
Keywords: recursive coauthorship, artificial resonance, latent space geometry, mutual information, epistemology, emergent insight, human-AI interaction, symbolic compression, gradient descent, attractor dynamics, recursive dialogue, AI-assisted discovery, conceptual convergence, phenomenological AI, information theory, transformer models, metaphoric synthesis, RSC metric, knowledge generation, epistemic symbiosis. 40 pages. A collaboration with GPT-4o. CC4.0.
"Filsafat Ilmu" adalah sebuah panduan komprehensif yang
menguraikan landasan filsafat yang mendasari pengetahuan ilmiah.
Buku ini membahas secara mendalam peran dan kontribusi filsafat
terhadap pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan. Mulai dari eksplorasi
epistemologi hingga refleksi atas metodologi dalam ilmu, pembaca
diantar ke dalam dunia pemikiran yang mempertanyakan asumsi dan
proses di balik penemuan ilmiah. Penyusunan pengetahuan dan ranah
kebenaran juga menjadi sorot utama, mengajak pembaca untuk
menjelajahi esensi dari apa yang kita sebut ilmu pengetahuan.
Didukung oleh aparatus pemikiran kritis, buku ini tidak hanya
merangkul isu-isu filosofis yang kerap memungkan, tetapi juga
membuka pintu wawasan baru terhadap objek dan subjek
pengetahuan. Dengan menguraikan paradigma ilmiah, etika dalam
menyampaikan pengetahuan, dan peran reduksionisme dalam
pembangunan ilmu, "Filsafat Ilmu" membangunserambi pembahasan
yang kompleks nam merangkul serta relevan bagi siapa saja yang
tertarik pada legitimasi dan orientasi inti dari prosesmiah. Disajikan
dengan bahasa yang jelas dan analisis yang mendalam, bu ini mengak
pembaca untuk menyaksikanpaduan komprehensif antara bahasa
filsafat dan methodologi ilmiah yang menjadi fondasi pengetahuan
kita hari ini.
The chapter explores wider social change and problem-solving: social change, both analysed using a social learning framework based on the ideas of Lev Vygotsky which is used to critique bourgeois ideas of social change such as Bourdieu, Toulmin, Schatzki and Yeoman. This social learning framework is a dialectical approach to problem-solving at all levels, shown as superior to muddling through and passive and active learning approaches to problem-solving, using examples from care for the elderly and use of AI in public services. Wider social change using collective agency (Trade Unions in workplaces or social movements) too can be interpreted using the social learning framework since learning from experience is essential to the consciousness raising needed to show that capitalism is a historical moment, not naturalistic, and can be replaced by a more rational and fair social system.
Marx is ambivalent about science and technology seeing the potential for improving life quality, reducing demands from nature and abundance while noting their potential alienating labour processes and job losses. Capitalism makes science a commodity, Marx says, guiding breakthroughs towards for-profit technologies instead of meeting human needs: applying the social brain to solving social problems. Replacing value-creating labour by capital machines causes the rate of profit to fall resulting in crises and misery. He says, technology uses the knowledge from dead generations of workers to exploit living labour. This chapter clarifies productive labour, critiques work by Wood, Kuhn, Schumpeter, Landes, Castells and Yeoman’s idealism and finds no class content in the work of Penrose and Soete while highlighting contributions to understanding science by Needham, Cauldwell and Bernal. Applying triple helix to developing countries is criticised. Public services already benefit from technology such as robotic surgery, IT and AI and gene editing; however, it can subjugate staff into mind-numbing work, underlining the need for democratic planning at workplace level on the direction and benefits of technological innovations and avoiding deterministic technology-oriented change. The principle of ‘from each according to their ability, to each according to his work’ is unpacked.
Psychopathology, diagnosis, and classification of mental disorders have traditionally been based on a biomedical perspective. With the aim of defining and classifying mental disorders, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and the World Health Organization (WHO) developed two systems that are widely used in the mental health field: the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD). However, the limitations of DSM and ICD have led to the development of alternative models, such as the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), Network Theory (NT), the Power Threat Meaning Framework (PTMF), the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), and the Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual (PDM- 2). This manuscript describes these models using posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for exemplification, as it is one of the most challenging and controversial disorders, briefly expounding their strengths and limitations. Although none of the models have proposed a widely accepted conceptualization of posttraumatic stress, their combined use from an integrative approach could provide an accurate definition of this phenomenon. The aim of this paper is to disseminate these models among practitioners and academics and to foster a debate concerning the potential benefits of assuming an integrative approach instead of assuming models ascribed to specific theoretical frameworks that limit our understanding of psychiatric conditions.
The 2003 Edelstein Award Address delivered by David Knight is presented. The address discusses the popularity of chem. and points out ways to popularize recent advances in chem. Knight discusses understanding chem.'s popularity from its appeal to body, mind, and spirit, providing historical examples.
This paper discusses how epistemic and ontological commitments shape different understandings of European Union (EU) law and why it matters. Many key debates on EU law—and some of the fiercest disagreements in European legal scholarship—go back to divergent epistemic and ontological commitments. While these philosophical commitments usually operate in the background, this paper foregrounds them. A core aim of the paper is to denaturalise the epistemic and ontological groundings of mainstream approaches to EU law and, thus, to demarginalise approaches more peripheral to the centres of power in EU law-making and in EU legal academia.
Background
Since its discovery in the late 20th century, research on mirror neurons has become a pivotal area in neuroscience, linked to various cognitive and social functions. This bibliometric analysis explores the research trajectory, key research topics, and future trends in the field of mirror neuron research.
Methods
We searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database for publications from 1996 to 2024 on mirror neuron research. Statistical and visualization analyses were performed using CiteSpace and VOSviewer.
Results
Publication output on mirror neurons peaked in 2013 and remained active. High‐impact journals such as Science, Brain, Neuron, PNAS, and NeuroImage frequently feature findings on the mirror neuron system, including its distribution, neural coding, and roles in intention understanding, affective empathy, motor learning, autism, and neurological disorders. Keyword clustering reveals major directions in cognitive neuroscience, motor neuroscience, and neurostimulation, whereas burst detection underscores the emerging significance of brain‐computer interfaces (BCIs). Research methodologies have been evolving from traditional electrophysiological recordings to advanced techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and BCIs, highlighting a dynamic, multidisciplinary progression.
Conclusions
This study identifies key areas associated with mirror neurons and anticipates that future work will integrate findings with artificial intelligence, clinical interventions, and novel neuroimaging techniques, providing new perspectives on complex socio‐cognitive issues and their applications in both basic science and clinical practice.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.