No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.
Thermoregulatory characteristics of Bamboo / Lyocell union fabrics
Abstract
Heat transfer properties of different woven fabric structures made from regenerated bamboo and lyocell yarns woven in different proportions have been studied. Five union fabrics have been produced using bamboo and lyocell yarns of 30s count in the proportion of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100. Three types of woven structures, viz plain, 2/2 twill and 1/3 twill weaves are produced from each combination and then analyzed for their heat transfer properties. The thermal conductivity of the 100% bamboo woven fabric and the thermal insulation value of 100% lyocell woven fabric are found to be higher as compared to all other blends. The results are discussed with 95% significant level with multivariate ANOVA test results.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.
This article presents general characteristics and current applications of regenerated bamboo fibre in the textile industry. In the experimental part of the study, 100% regenerated bamboo yarns of six different counts (11.8, 14.8, 16.4, 19.7, 24.6 and 29.5 tex) were produced from bamboo fibre using ring yarn spinning technology. Subsequently, the physical parameters of related yarns produced in spinning mill conditions were tested, and the results were evaluated according to the parameters of 100% viscose rayon, as well as 100% carded and combed ring spun yarn in Uster statistics. In this way, the aim was to state the strength and weakness of bamboo fibre and to predict its future in the textile industry.
The thermal property of fabric is very important for both its thermal comfort and protection against challenging weather conditions. Although some research has reportedly been done on the dimensional and some of the mechanical properties of rib knit fabrics, no detailed study about the thermal properties of rib knit fabric could be seen. In this study, the natural and forced convective heat transfer characteristics of rib knit fabric have been analysed. The effect of rib design and other fabric properties such as fabric density and air permeability on thermal behaviour have been considered It has been noted that a decrease in rib number of the order of 3x3, 2x2 or 1x1 leads to a decrease in heat loss due to an increase in the amount of air entrapped between the face and the back loop. The results also indicated that as the fabric gets tighter so the heat loss lessens, due to reduced air permeability, i.e., reduced air circulation within the fabric. Thus, it results that when the fabric design (1x1 rib, 2x2 rib, 3x3 rib, etc) is taken into consideration, the conductive heat loss due to fibres and air gaps becomes more important than the heat loss due to air circulation (convective heat loss). However when the fabric density for each fabric design is taken into consideration, the heat loss due to air circulation (convective heat loss) becomes more important than the conductive heat loss due to fibres and air gaps.
Measurement of thermal conductivity of fibre composites made from different fibre assemblies (yarns) consisting of apparel, industrial and high performance fibres is described. From the measured thermal conductivity values of composites, the computation of longitudinal and transverse conductivity of yarns is reported. The thermal conductivity of yarn along its axis is much higher than the thermal conductivity in transverse direction for all types of fibres, except E-Glass, showing that the phenomenon of thermal conductivity of fibres is anisotropic in nature. The behaviour of E-Glass in conducting the heat is close to isotropic. Polyethylene filament yarn shows the highest anisotropy followed by Vectron, Kevlar, Technora, linen, high-tenacity polyester and jute. For the fibres of same chemical structure, high-tenacity fibres have slightly higher longitudinal and lower transverse thermal conductivity values compared to apparel-grade fibres. Industrial-grade polyester and nylons have high anisotropy in conducting heat than the apparel-grade fibres. The effect of fibre chemistry on the thermal conductivity of fibres is predominant than the effect of orientation of the molecules.
This book is a new updated edition of the reference work aimed at both technical and management personnel for a comprehensive resource on the current technology and applications of today's industrial textiles. All aspects of industrial textiles are covered including: man-made and natural materials; manufacturing and finishing methods; and their applications. There are also sections on properties, testing, waste management, computers and automation, and standards and regulations. The appendices provide reference data on properties, specifications, manufacturers and trade names, mathematical equations and measurement units.
The thermal comfort characteristics, viz. air permeability, water vapour diffusion, wickability, absorbency and thermal insulation, of scoured and finished fabrics made from polyester-cotton MVS yarns have been evaluated. The experimental results reveal that the air permeability and the water vapour diffusion of the scoured fabrics initially increase with increasing twisting jet pressure of Murata vortex spinner and then decrease. Wickability and thermal insulation of these fabrics, on the other hand, resister a decrease initially with the increase in twisting jet pressure and then increase with further rise in twisting jet pressure. Wider nozzle distance enhances air permeability and water vapour diffusion of MVS yarn scoured fabrics but has a deleterious effect on wickability and thermal insulation. Higher cotton content is also effective in improving wickability, absorbency and thermal insulation properties but lowers the air permeability and water vapour diffusion. The chemical finishing significantly reduces the air permeability, water vapour diffusion, wickability, absorbency and thermal insulation of these fabrics.
Thermal comfort characteristics of plain woven fabrics made out of 2/60s Polyester/Viscose in warp and 60s Polyester/Cotton in weft, 2/90s Polyester/Cotton both in warp and weft, 2/60s Polyester/Cotton in warp and 155 denier polyester filament in weft, and 2/80s Polyester/Cotton both in warp and weft fabrics have been studied. The fabric characteristics such as air permeability, water absorbency, wicking, thermal resistance, fabric porosity, packing factor, density related to comfort characteristics are discussed. The experimental results show that 2/60s Polyester / Viscose in warp and 60s Polyester/Cotton in weft plain woven fabric exhibits higher air permeability when compared to other samples, 2/90s Polyester/Cotton both in warp and weft plain woven fabric shows very low absorbency and 2/80s Polyester/Cotton fabric shows higher wicking rate than other samples. Thermal resistance value of 2/80s Polyester/Cotton fabric is higher and that of 2/60s Polyester/Viscose fabric are lower when compared to other samples. The test results of thermal resistance, air permeability, wicking and water absorbency properties were analyzed using multivariable ANOVA.
The effect of thermal behaviour, such as thermal insulation, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusion, of single jersey, rib and interlock knitted fabrics made out of ring- and compact-spun yarns has been studied. The physical characteristics, such as fabric aerial density, air permeability, tightness factor, and fabric thickness, have been studied and their relationship with thermal behaviour using multivariable ANOVA analysed. The experimental results show that the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusion and thermal resistance of the knitted fabrics depend on the fabric properties such as thickness, tightness factor, aerial density and air permeability. It is found that the compact-spun yarn knitted fabrics (Sussen Elite and Com4) show higher thermal insulation behaviour in all the knitted structures in comparison to ring- spun yarn knitted fabrics.
This study investigates the relative ability of natural bamboo fiber used in textile manufacturing to resist attack by bacteria and fungi. These tendencies were determined with the dynamic test method for evaluating antibacterial activity and were compared with the bacterial and fungal resistance of other textile fibers, such as cotton, jute, flax, ramie, and regenerated bamboo fiber. The bacteria studied were Escherichia coli (8099) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), and the fungal species was Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). The relationships between the bacteriostatic ability of natural bamboo fiber and its physical state, hygroscopicity, and extractives were tested to explore the possible influencing factors. The results show that natural bamboo fiber has no natural antibacterial properties, as compared with natural cotton bacteriostatic rates against the bacteria were all zero. The physical state did not impact the natural resistance of natural bamboo fiber to the bacteria and the fungus. The resistance of the plant fiber may be related to its hygroscopicity, and some extraction methods could improve the ability of natural bamboo to resist microorganisms.
A theoretical model of the combined conductive and radiative heat flow through fibrous insulating materials is presented and compared to experimental values of the thermal resistances of several synthetic fiber battings and of a down and feather mixture. The model is found to account for all the observed heat flow if appropriate infrared absorption constants are assumed. No evidence of convective heat transfer is found, even in very low-density battings. The differences in resistance per unit thickness among the various materials may be attributed to their different absorption constants.
The thick-walled bamboo fibres exhibit a polylamellate structure with alternating broad and narrow lamellae. Characteristically the cellulose fibrils in the broad lamellae are oriented almost parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fibre (2–20), whereby there is a gradual but only slight increase in the angle from middle lamella to lumen. The narrow lamellae consist of fibrils oriented almost perpendicular to the cell axis (85–90); this angle remains constant in all the successive narrow lamellae. The concentration of lignin is higher in the narrow lamellae than in the broad ones. Xylan seems to occur in a higher concentration in the narrow lamellae. The pits between the fibres are bordered. The results are discussed in relation to earlier data on wall structure and development. A model for the thick-walled bamboo fibre is presented with a new terminology for the various lamellae.
Dynamic and a static methods for measuring thermal conductivity of textiles have been developed, and the measuring processes and results are described in detail in this paper. Three different textile materials are used for the actual test, and the data are. analyzed, illustrated, and compared. Moreover, a theoretical model is used to obtain the temperature-time curves as predictions corresponding to the dynamic method, and comparisons of the theoretical predictions and experimental results are provided. The static and dynamic methods are also compared, and their applicability to porous media like textiles is discussed.
- S Kawabata
- R Rengasamy
Kawabata S & Rengasamy R S, Indian J Fibre Text Res, 27
(2002) 217.
- J Harold
- Hoge
- F George
- Fonseca
Harold J Hoge & George F Fonseca, Text Res J, 34 (5)
(1964) 401.
- O Jirrsak
- T Gok
- B Ozipek
- Ning Pan
Jirrsak O, Gok T, Ozipek B & Ning Pan, Text Res J, 68 (1)
(1998) 47.
- P Senthilkumar
- M Kantharaj
- C Vigneswaran
Senthilkumar P, Kantharaj M & Vigneswaran C, J Text
Assoc, 71(4) (2010) 188.
- N Parameswaran
- W Liese
Parameswaran N & Liese W, Wood Sci Technol, 10 (4)
(1976) 231.
- N Erdumlu
- B Ozipek
Erdumlu N & Ozipek B. Fibres Text Eastern Eur, 16(4)
(2008) 43.
Specification for water vapour permeable apparel fabrics
Specification for water vapour permeable apparel fabrics,
BS 7209 (BSI Group, London, UK), 1990.
Standard Test Method for Air Permability of Textile Fabrics
Standard Test Method for Air Permability of Textile Fabrics,
ASTM D737 (ASTM international, USA), 1996.
- T Ramachandran
- G Manonmani
- C Vigneswaran
Ramachandran T, Manonmani G, Vigneswaran C, Indian
J Fibre Text Res, 35 (2010) 250.
- M Matusiak
- K Sikorski
Matusiak M & Sikorski K, Fibres Text Eastern Eur, 19(5)
(2011) 46.
- C Prakash
- G Ramakrishnan
- C Koushik
Prakash C, Ramakrishnan G & Koushik C V, Afr J Basic
Appl Sci, 4 (2) (2012) 60.