Content uploaded by Felix Hampe
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Felix Hampe on Dec 15, 2014
Content may be subject to copyright.
A preview of the PDF is not available
Lactarius subgenus Russularia (Russulaceae) in South-East Asia: 2. Species with remarkably small basidiocarps
Abstract and Figures
This paper is the second in a series of biodiversity papers on Lactarius subgenus Russularia in tropical forests of Southeast Asia. This study is based on extensive mycological exploration, especially in Northern Thailand, during the past ten years. In this paper we consider some species that are characterized by remarkably small basidiocarps i.e. with an average pileus diameter that is smaller than 20 mm. One of the most common species in Northern Thailand with dwarf basidiocarps is L. gracilis, originally described from Japan. We introduce the new species L. crenulatulus, L. perparvus and L. glabrigracilis with morphological descriptions and illustrations. Molecular evidence based on the ITS sequence analysis supports the classification and novel status of the taxa. All species are associated with trees belonging to the Fagaceae. These are the first reported collections of small basidiocarps of L. subg. Russularia in Southeast Asia. In our paper we compare these new species with small basidiocarp with similar representatives from Europe and other Asian regions.
Figures - uploaded by Felix Hampe
Author content
All figure content in this area was uploaded by Felix Hampe
Content may be subject to copyright.
... However, a few species have yellow latex, and in some the latex changes from white to cream or yellow (Paloi et al., 2019). The pileipellis structure varies greatly, ranging from an epithelium to hyphoepithelium or (tricho-) palisade to a cutis (Heilmann-Clausen et al., 1998;Paloi et al., 2019;Wisitrassameewong et al., 2014). The subgenus Russularia has been well studied from India by several authors (Das et al., 2004(Das et al., , 2015(Das et al., , 2017Bera & Das, 2021;Paloi et al., 2019;Wisitrassameewong et al., 2016), but still there exists a wide lacuna between the number of species reported and species existed. ...
The genus Lactarius is cosmopolitan in distribution and forms an ectomycorrhizal association with varied host plants. In the present study, samples of Lactarius badiosanguineus were collected during a fungal survey from different regions of Jammu province, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Identification was carried out through combined morpho-anatomical and nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis that confirmed its position as Lactarius badiosanguineus. This taxon is reported here for the first record from India. Detailed morphological descriptions, color photographs, line drawings, and molecular phylogeny are provided.
... The biodiversity of one of major subgenera Lactarius subg. Russularia was previously studied in Europe and in North America (Hesler & Smith 1979, Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998, Basso 1999 and some described species have been reported from Southeast Asia (Verbeken 2001, Verbeken et al. 2014, Wisitrassameewong et al. 2014a, 2014b, 2016. ...
In this study, Lactarius atlanticus is reported for the first time from Turkey based on the evaluation of both molecular and morphological approaches.
... Hierzu unternahm der Erstautor im Auftrag der Universität Gent zusammen mit Studenten der Universität Chiang Rai und ortsansässigen Mykologen mehrere Exkursionen in Gebirgswälder mit hohem Anteil Ektomykorrhiza-bildender Baumarten. Von dieser Forschungsreise wurden in den vergangenen Jahren bereits einige Arten aus der Familie der Russulaceae durch verschiedene Mitglieder des Forschungsteams beschrieben (Wisitrassameewong et al. 2014a, 2014b, 2015, De Crop et al. 2016. In einer großen Veröffentlichung zum Thema "Neue Standards in der Beschreibung von Russula-Arten" wurden drei unbeschriebene Russula Arten von dieser Expedition bereits morphologisch und genetisch dokumentiert (Adamčík et al. 2019). ...
Russula aurantiopectinata sp. nov. and Russula magica sp. nov., two new species from tropical montane rainforests of northern Thailand, are described based on morphological and molecular genetic data and illustrated. The phylogenetic lineage comprising Russula magica, Russula olivaceohimalayensis, Russula seperina and Russula rhodomarginata is formally described as a new subsection Magicae within the subgenus Russula.
Zusammenfassung:
Russula aurantiopectinata sp. nov. und Russula magica sp. nov., zwei neue Arten aus tropischen Bergregenwäldern Nordthailands, werden auf Grundlage morphologi-scher und molekulargenetischer Daten beschrieben und illustriert. Russula magica gehört zu-sammen mit Russula olivaceohimalayensis, Russula seperina und Russula rhodomarginata zu einem Verwandtschaftskreis, der als neue Subsektion Magicae innerhalb der Untergattung Russula beschrieben wird.
... The subgenus is dominant in all temperate zones, poorly represented in South America, completely absent or negligible in tropical Africa but with an important distribution in South-East Asia (Wisitrassameewong et al. 2015). 40 species of this subgenus have been described from South-East Asia so far mainly from China, Papua New Guinea, India, Korea, Thailand and Japan (Das et al. 2004, Verbeken et al. 2014, Wisitrassameewong et al. 2014a, 2014b, 2016, Wang 2017a, 2017b, Wang et al. 2018b, Lee et al. 2019). ...
... Several new species have since been described and illustrate that our knowledge of the genus in North America and Asia still has gaps (Nuytinck and Ammirati 2014;Wang et al. 2015b;Wang 2016;Nuytinck et al. 2017). Wisitrassameewong et al. (2014aWisitrassameewong et al. ( , b, 2015Wisitrassameewong et al. ( , 2016 explored the diversity of L. subg. Russularia focusing mainly on Southeast Asia. ...
Milkcaps form a diverse group of widely consumed ectomycorrhizal fungi. Despite their popularity and ubiquity, large gaps still exist in our knowledge of the milkcap genera. This paper summarizes our current state of knowledge of both Lactarius and Lactifluus. Lacunas in our knowledge are indicated, and an overview of their culinary uses is given.
... Lactarius sublaccarioides is reported from Thailand, from Castanopsis sp. and Lithocarpus sp. dominated forest, but differs by the very distant lamellae, the strong sweet smell, the watery white latex, the ellipsoid to subglobose basidiospores and a trichoderm with transitions to a cutis as a stipitipellis (Wisitrassameewong et al. 2014b). Lactarius kesiyae ectomycorrhizal with Pinus kesiyae, reported from Vietnam, differs by the presence of a watery white latex which turns yellowish, a sticky pileus with slight greenish tinges, the absence of concentric zones and an ixocutis to ixotrichoderm type of pileipellis (Wisitrassameewong et al. 2015). ...
Lactarius brunneocinnamomeus found in Shorea robusta ( Dipterocarpaceae) dominated forest, is proposed as a new species. The species belongs to L. subg. Russularia, sect. Russularia. It is easily recognized by a light brown to orange brown pileus with concentric zones, milky white latex and a palisade to trichopalisade as a pileipellis. Its phylogenetic position inside the genus is based on the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. A complete description, drawings and photographs of the new species are provided. The new species is compared with morphologically similar and phylogenetically allied species .
... The Korean specimens labeled as L. gracilis were identified as L. qinlingensis. However, L. gracilis may indeed be present in Korea because it was originally described in Japan and has a wide distribution in Asia (Wang 2007;Wisitrassameewong et al. 2014b). Further study is needed to determine whether the other four Asian species (L. ...
The genus Lactarius Pers. (Russulales) is a cosmopolitan group of Basidiomycota that forms ectomycorrhizal relationships primarily with both deciduous and coniferous trees. Although the genus has been well-studied in Europe and North America, only fragmentary researches have been carried out on Asian species. In particular, the distribution of Lactarius species in South Korea is poorly understood due to insufficient morphological descriptions and a lack of DNA sequence data. In addition, the misuse of European and North American names has added to confusion regarding the taxonomy of Asian Lactarius species. In this study, the diversity of Lactarius in South Korea was evaluated by employing both morphological and phylogenetic approaches. A multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of 729 Lactarius specimens collected between 1960 and 2017 was performed using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, partial nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU), partial second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2), and minichromosome maintenance complex component 7 (mcm7). 49 Lactarius species were identified in three Lactarius subgenera: L. subg. Russularia (17 spp.), L. subg. Lactarius (22 spp.), and L. subg. Plinthogalus (10 spp.). Among them, 28 Lactarius species were identified as new to science, while just 17 were previously described Lactarius species. Four of the taxa remain un-named due to paucity of materials. A key to Korean Lactarius species, molecular phylogenies, a summary of diversity, and detailed description are provided.
In this new series of Fungal Biodiversity Profiles, the authors describe seven new Russulales: five new species of Lactarius subg. Russularia and two new Russulas: descriptions and ITS sequences are provided for L. aurantiobrunneus X.H. Wang, sp. nov., L. collybioides X.H. Wang, sp. nov., L. exilis X.H. Wang, sp. nov., L. flaviaquosus X.H. Wang, sp. nov., and L. resinosus X.H. Wang, sp. nov., from China, as well as for Russula clavatohyphata R.P. Bhatt, A. Ghosh, Buyck & K. Das, sp. nov., from Indian Himalaya, and R. capillaris Buyck, sp. nov., from Madagascar. In addition, first ITS sequences are provided for several specimens of the North American R. burlinghamiae Singer. Two bamboo-inhabiting species are described from Asia: Serpula dendrocalami C.L. Zhao, sp. nov., in Boletales, is described from China, while Hymenochaete sharmae Hembrom, K. Das & A. Parihar, sp. nov., in Hymenochaetales, is described from India. Finally, in Agaricales, Laccaria indohimalayana K. Das, I. Bera & Vizzini, sp. nov., is described from Indian Himalaya.
Data about the occurrence of basidiomata forming hypogeous sequestrate fungi in Brazil are limited, and studies on this group are needed. During studies of hypogeous sequestrate fungi in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, an unexpected new species of Lactarius was sampled from soils of an exotic Pinus plantation and described based on molecular and morphological data. This new species is recognized by the reddish yellow to dark brown, hypogeous basidiomes with a persistent peridium, white unchanging latex, globose to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores that are ornamented with a complete and dense reticulum and the peridiopellis composed by a cutis of repent firmly woven hyphae.
Elaborate macro- and micromorphological descriptions are presented for the representatives of Lactarius sect. Deliciosi, together with taxonomical and nomenclatural remarks, partly based on previous molecular phylogenetic analyses (Nuytinck & Verbeken 2003 & 2005). Ten accepted European species are treated and an identification key is provided. Lectotypes are designated for L. sanguifluus, L. semisanguifluus and L. vinosus.
Three new species of Lactarius (L. sanjappae, L. mukteswaricus and L. verbekenae) are described based on collections made in India. Illustrations of their macro- and microscopic features and data on their ecological distribution are presented.
Two species of the genus Lactarius described from Yunnan, China, L. chichuensis and L. hirtipes are compared in this study based on the critical examination of the holotypes and additional material. They are very similar in the field but can be distinguished from each other by the spores and the stipe cortex and pileus trama. The detailed descriptions and illustrations of the two species are provided. Both taxa belong to subgen. Russularia sect. Theiogali.
Collections of Lactarius Pers. from tropical-montane
rainforests of Papua New Guinea (dominated by fagaceous, ectomycorrhizal
trees) are described. Nineteen new taxa are proposed, and three previously
described species are included. A key to the species, illustrations and
discussion about the infrageneric position of the presently known Papuan
Lactarii are presented.