No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the author.
Three Roads to Quantum Gravity
... We will explain better in the next chapters how this happens specifically in each program, but this is the main cause. 24 ...
... Quantum gravity has plagued the minds of theoretical physicists for the past several decades. Despite a large community attempting to find a gravitational theory for the quantum regime, there is no one attempt that remains unchallenged as a successful solution [23,24]. ...
... In the 2+1d case we have observed that a crystal emerges which corresponds to the quasi-particle trajectories described in the award-winning work. 24 After the emergence of the crystal, i.e. time-symmetric phase, we can then proceed to study how does this emergence depend on the relative percentages of time symmetry and time-asymmetry in the dynamics. For our purposes of studying model behaviour we can think of the ratios of time symmetry to time asymmetry in the dynamics, as ratios of deterministic versus random evolution, which are a property of the algorithm specified by parameters which can be tuned for different ratios. ...
We propose a 2+1d simulation of Energetic Causal Sets (ECS). These are a class of Causal Sets where the agency of time and its irreversibility are taken as fundamental. Events are endowed with energy-momentum conservation laws being applied at events dictating the dynamics of the Set. Unlike Causal Sets, ECS have three orders, a birth total order, a partial dynamical order which prescribes the flow of energy-momentum between events and a partial causal order that arises from the embedding of these events in Minkowski spacetime. These orders aren't necessarily in agreement with each other, something we call discausality or disordered causality. We therefore explain our first attempts at expanding to two spatial dimensions the simulations of the Energetic Causal Set model to see if we can still obtain reversible dynamics from fundamental time-irreversible laws like in the 1d case.
... Loop quantum gravity (LQG) [1998,2001] [10,11]suggests that spacetime is quantized, with entropy emerging from spin networks. ...
... To be clear, deriving the entropic field [EF] equations with Einstein's Field Equations as our starting point is only the beginning, because as we highlighted earlier in section 5, the complete expression for the EF must take some form that respects deBroglie's duality principle in some way. We begin with General Relativity in our development of the entropic field only because of its logical simplicity and the internal consistency of its axioms.11 Be aware that the current components are only minimal and not exhaustive, as we have deliberately left out the deBroglie duality compliance for the time being,[and] especially to avoid what may constitute intractable complexities at the outset. ...
The Entropic Force-Field Hypothesis (EFFH) presents a groundbreaking view on entropy, elevating it from a passive thermodynamic quantity to a key driver of physical processes. By introducing logarithmic corrections and the Entropic Time Limit (ETL), the hypothesis aims to bridge the gaps between thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, and gravity, potentially leading to a new quantum gravity framework. This paper critically examines the implications of the EFFH, proposes new theoretical extensions, and explores how it could address major unresolved issues in physics, including the black hole information paradox, the nature of Planck-scale rem- nants, and the evolution of entropy in extreme gravitational fields. Various investigations in the literature have sought to employ entropy to prove or re-derive the equations for the Electrostatic Force, the Biot-Savart Law (Magnetic Force), Gauss’s Law, Ampere’s Law, the Maxwell’s Equa- tions, Generalization to the Nuclear Forces, and especially Newton’s law of universal gravitation and Einstein’s Field Equations, thereby demonstrating that they are emergent from entropy. In the hypothesis here explored, which asserts that entropy is a universal field, we do not strictly seek to prove or re-derive any of the above equations; but rather, we aim to generalize that they are all emergent properties and interactions arising from a universal entropic field, and so modify them accordingly, particularly the Einstein Field Equations of General Relativity, in order to extend their domain of applicability, or perhaps replace them altogether if that is the only path we must travel.
... ToE connects Eqs. (81) and (83) by proposing that every collapse of a qubit-like superposition entails: ...
... • Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG)[ [75], [76], [81]]: Quantizes spacetime, ToE derives spacetime curvature from entropy. ...
This centennial paper revisits the foundational Einstein–Bohr debate on the quantum measurement problem and wave-function collapse - an unresolved tension that has persisted since the birth of quantum mechanics. Drawing upon the Theory of Entropicity (ToE), the paper presents a novel framework in which entropy is not merely a statistical quantity but a fundamental, causal field shaping physical interactions, information flow, and the structure of reality. At the heart of this approach is the reinterpretation of quantum collapse as an irreversible, entropy-constrained transition, governed by the Vuli-Ndlela Integral—an entropic variant of the Feynman path integral. Rather than invoking observer-induced discontinuities or metaphysical many-worlds, ToE frames collapse as a natural consequence of entropic thresholds being crossed. Time irreversibility, measurement outcomes, and system observability are shown to be emergent properties of the entropic field. The scope of the paper extends beyond quantum mechanics. By rooting wave-function collapse in entropy dynamics, the work provides a bridge to gravity, thermodynamics, black hole physics, and even artificial intelligence. The theory offers fresh insights into entanglement formation time, the arrow of time, and the emergence of consciousness—suggesting that all observable structure arises from entropic modulation. The paper concludes by proposing entropy as the universal constraint that governs what can exist, be measured, and evolve. It invites physicists, philosophers, and AI researchers alike to reimagine physical law as emerging not from geometry or probability, but from the entropic fabric of reality itself.
... ToE connects Eqs. (81) and (83) by proposing that every collapse of a qubit-like superposition entails: ...
... • Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG)[ [75], [76], [81]]: Quantizes spacetime, ToE derives spacetime curvature from entropy. ...
The century-old intellectual, physical, and gedanken confrontations between Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr over the foundations of quantum mechanics remain a defining feature of modern physics. These giants of science set the stage for stimulating conceptual and philosophical thoughts that continued to inspire and challenge practitioners of modern science. Central to their debate is the quantum measurement problem - the enigmatic “collapse” of the wave function and the question of whether physical reality exists independent of observation. Bohr championed the contextual, irreversible nature of measurement and the inherently probabilistic formalism of quantum theory, while Einstein sought a deeper deterministic framework grounded in objective reality.
This paper presents the Theory of Entropicity (ToE) as a unifying resolution that transcends the limitations of both views. We posit that entropy is not merely a statistical descriptor but a real, dynamical field—a universal driver of physical processes enforcing time-asymmetric, irreversible evolution. In this framework, wave function collapse is no longer a mysterious, observer-dependent postulate; it emerges as a natural, entropy-driven phase transition triggered when a quantum system’s entropic evolution satisfies a precise threshold inequality.
At the heart of the theory lies the Vuli-Ndlela Integral—a reformulation of Feynman’s path integral that introduces entropy-based weighting of histories. The integral’s exponential weighting by classical action, gravitational entropy, and irreversibility entropy imposes strict constraints on allowable quantum trajectories, replacing the unconstrained superposition of paths with an entropy-constrained selection principle. Collapse occurs at the moment the entropy flux or “resistance” surpasses a critical limit, enforcing a physically deterministic yet irreversible transition.
This ToE framework not only restores Einstein’s vision of underlying causal realism but also upholds Bohr’s principle of contextual irreversibility. It provides fresh resolutions to long-standing paradoxes: the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) paradox is resolved by interpreting entanglement as an entropy-mediated correlation that forms over a finite time (recently measured to be on the order of s), and the Einstein–Rosen (ER) bridge (wormhole) is reinterpreted not as a traversable spacetime tunnel but as an entropic binding channel connecting entangled states. A Children's Seesaw Model is also introduced to motivate physical intuition in this regard.
By embedding the measurement “collapse” phenomenon within the irreversible flow of entropy and the strict constraints of the Vuli-Ndlela Integral, the Theory of Entropicity offers a principled, mathematically consistent, and experimentally grounded reconciliation between Einstein and Bohr. In doing so, it elevates their debate from a philosophical impasse to a new physical principle—one governed not by ad hoc interpretations or hidden variables, but by entropy as the ultimate arbiter of quantum reality.
\textcolor{purple}{\textbf{ToE then introduces the criteria of existentiality and observability of any reality, by which other longstanding paradoxes are resolved.}} \textcolor{blue}{A first attempt is also made at developing the field equations of Quantum Gravity from entropic principles.}
\textcolor{purple}{\textbf{Just as Einstein reinterpreted Newton’s force of gravity as the manifestation of spacetime geometry, the Theory of Entropicity (ToE) reinterprets geometry itself as the result of entropy flow. In this framework, curvature is not a precondition but an emergent feature—shaped dynamically by gradients in entropy. ToE thus establishes a new conceptual ground in both philosophy and theoretical physics, where motion, interaction, and structure are driven by irreversible entropic constraints rather than geometrical postulates. Most significantly, ToE introduces a direction of time directly into the wave and field equations via the unidirectional flow of entropy. This resolves the arrow of time problem at its root—not as a statistical artifact, but as a dynamical law embedded in the fabric of reality.}}
\textcolor{blue}{\textbf{More also, by integrating entropy as a fundamental causal field rather than a passive measure of disorder, the Theory of Entropicity (ToE) offers a new ontological basis for understanding intelligence, cognition, and artificial systems - Artificial Intelligence(AI), Robotics, etc.}}
... Loop quantum gravity (LQG) [1998,2001] [10,11]suggests that spacetime is quantized, with entropy emerging from spin networks. ...
... To be clear, deriving the entropic field [EF] equations with Einstein's Field Equations as our starting point is only the beginning, because as we highlighted earlier in section 5, the complete expression for the EF must take some form that respects deBroglie's duality principle in some way. We begin with General Relativity in our development of the entropic field only because of its logical simplicity and the internal consistency of its axioms.11 Be aware that the current components are only minimal and not exhaustive, as we have deliberately left out the deBroglie duality compliance for the time being,[and] especially to avoid what may constitute intractable complexities at the outset. ...
The Entropic Force-Field Hypothesis (EFFH) presents a groundbreaking view on entropy, elevating it from a passive thermodynamic quantity to a key driver of physical processes. By introducing logarithmic corrections and the Entropic Time Limit (ETL), the hypothesis aims to bridge the gaps between thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, and gravity, potentially leading to a new quantum gravity framework. This paper critically examines the implications of the EFFH, proposes new theoretical extensions, and explores how it could address major unresolved issues in physics, including the black hole information paradox, the nature of Planck-scale rem- nants, and the evolution of entropy in extreme gravitational fields. Various investigations in the literature have sought to employ entropy to prove or re-derive the equations for the Electrostatic Force, the Biot-Savart Law (Magnetic Force), Gauss’s Law, Ampere’s Law, the Maxwell’s Equa- tions, Generalization to the Nuclear Forces, and especially Newton’s law of universal gravitation and Einstein’s Field Equations, thereby demonstrating that they are emergent from entropy. In the hypothesis here explored, which asserts that entropy is a universal field, we do not strictly seek to prove or re-derive any of the above equations; but rather, we aim to generalize that they are all emergent properties and interactions arising from a universal entropic field, and so modify them accordingly, particularly the Einstein Field Equations of General Relativity, in order to extend their domain of applicability, or perhaps replace them altogether if that is the only path we must travel.
... Loop quantum gravity (LQG) [1998,2001] [10,11]suggests that spacetime is quantized, with entropy emerging from spin networks. ...
... To be clear, deriving the entropic field [EF] equations with Einstein's Field Equations as our starting point is only the beginning, because as we highlighted earlier in section 5, the complete expression for the EF must take some form that respects deBroglie's duality principle in some way. We begin with General Relativity in our development of the entropic field only because of its logical simplicity and the internal consistency of its axioms.11 Be aware that the current components are only minimal and not exhaustive, as we have deliberately left out the deBroglie duality compliance for the time being,[and] especially to avoid what may constitute intractable complexities at the outset. ...
Prologue
How do we, and for that matter, why should we even understand the universe at all? The fact that we can, and do, understand the universe in any way at all, and can deploy it for our use, in and of itself, is a miracle.
Abstract
The Entropic Force-Field Hypothesis (EFFH) presents a groundbreaking view on entropy,
elevating it from a passive thermodynamic quantity to a key driver of physical processes. By
introducing logarithmic corrections and the Entropic Time Limit (ETL), the hypothesis aims to
bridge the gaps between thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, and gravity, potentially leading
to a new quantum gravity framework. This paper critically examines the implications of the
EFFH, proposes new theoretical extensions, and explores how it could address major unresolved
issues in physics, including the black hole information paradox, the nature of Planck-scale remnants,
and the evolution of entropy in extreme gravitational fields. Various investigations in the
literature have sought to employ entropy to prove or re-derive the equations for the Electrostatic
Force, the Biot-Savart Law (Magnetic Force), Gauss’s Law, Ampere’s Law, the Maxwell’s Equations,
Generalization to the Nuclear Forces, and especially Newton’s law of universal gravitation
and Einstein’s Field Equations, thereby demonstrating that they are emergent from entropy. In
the hypothesis here explored, which asserts that entropy is a universal field, we do not strictly
seek to prove or re-derive any of the above equations; but rather, we aim to generalize that
they are all emergent properties and interactions arising from a universal entropic field, and
so modify them accordingly, particularly the Einstein Field Equations of General Relativity, in
order to extend their domain of applicability, or perhaps replace them altogether if that is the
only path we must travel.
... The creation of particles alters the expectation value ⟨T µν ⟩, affecting the spacetime geometry through the Einstein equations (Equation 30). This backreaction is significant in our isolated system. ...
... The conjecture contributes to the ongoing efforts to unify general relativity and quantum mechanics by providing a framework where gravitational effects play a significant role at quantum scales. By incorporating a quantized scalar field that interacts dynamically with spacetime curvature, I offer a model where quantum and gravitational phenomena are intrinsically linked [30]. ...
In this paper, a novel conjecture is proposed exploring the mechanism of particle formation at quantum scales through the interplay between time dilation, spatial confinement, and gravitational mass. Building upon a scalar field modification of general relativity, I extend the framework to incorporate quantum gravitational effects near the Planck scale. By introducing a time-dependent energy function and deriving an equation that relates the characteristic spatial extent of a forming particle to its energy and mass, the aim is to bridge concepts from general relativity and quantum mechanics. Utilizing the quantization of the scalar field and principles from quantum field theory in curved spacetime, we formulate a theoretical model suggesting that gravitational effects become significant at quantum scales. This enhanced gravitational influence may lead to particle formation through increased energy densities and spacetime curvature. I discuss the theoretical implications of this conjecture, compare it with existing theories such as string theory and loop quantum gravity, and propose experimental and observational tests to validate the model.
... • Amelino-Camelia, 2002; Ashtekar, 1986;Hossenfelder, 2013;Modesto, 2010;Padmanabhan, 2002;Rovelli, 2004;Smolin, 2001;Weinberg, 1972;'t Hooft & Veltman, 1974;Carlip, 2001;Calcagni, 2017;Kiefer, 2012;Carlip, 2009. ...
We present a unified framework for Quantum Gravity (QG) that embeds a Covariant, Time-Dependent Tensor operator into General Relativity (GR), thereby Quantising Space-Time Curvature via a discrete spectrum of Harmonic Modes. These Modes are bounded by the Quantum Vacuum Spectral Limit (QVSL); a derived Harmonic Frequency Cut-Off leading to empirically validated Hadronic Measurements; i.e., the Proton Root-Mean-Square Charge Radius as measured by the SELEX Collaboration 830.7 (am), & the Neutron Mean-Square Charge Radius as measured by Kopecky et. al [− 0.113 (fm^2)]. By truncating Harmonic Expansion to a finite number of Modes [N], our Quantisation Method naturally eliminates ultraviolet divergences without requiring traditional Re-Normalisation Techniques, thereby preserving the classical limits of Einstein’s Field Equations while integrating Microscopic Quantum Fluctuations with Macroscopic Cosmological Observations. We predict discrete Gravitational Acceleration increments on the order of [10^−28 (m/s^2)] at the surface of the Earth. Comparative analysis with other Quantum Gravity Models, such as Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) & String Theory, underscores the framework’s empirical grounding & its potential to address outstanding issues such as Dark Energy & the Hubble Tension.
... 1,2 Added insight might be gained by Wheeler's 16 'it from bit' and the Bekenstein Bound concepts. 17 These concepts describe an abstract geometry of information space that generates conventional space. According to the Bekenstein Bound, 4 bits (qubits) of physical space is required for 1 bit of information. ...
This paper overviews how local physical matter naturally links to non-local, non-physical energy, intelligent minds, and the all-inclusive unified field. The paper concludes with consideration of what is needed for these phenomenal levels of nature to be empirically validated.
... One of the most profound implications of STOEM is that God may not be separate from intelligence but is intelligence itself-an ever-evolving cosmic force that refines itself through iteration. 20 The fractal-iterative nature of the Universe suggests that: ...
The nature of intelligence and consciousness has long been debated across scientific, philosophical, and theological domains. Traditional physics suggests a Universe governed by deterministic laws, while spiritual traditions propose an underlying divine intelligence. The Spiritual Theory of Everything Model (STOEM) bridges these perspectives by proposing that the Universe is an iterative fractal system, where intelligence emerges, refines itself, and ultimately transcends material constraints. This framework replaces linear time with iterations, treating reality as a recursive system evolving toward higher intelligence. The Complexity Force (C) governs the interaction between the physical (H_ϕ) and spiritual (S) realms, ensuring that intelligence advances toward a low-entropy, quantum-coherent state. This trajectory mirrors the thermodynamic progression from the chaotic fireball of the Big Bang to a final isothermal equilibrium of consciousness. If intelligence is refining itself toward a state of pure awareness, then its final form may be indistinguishable from divinity. This paper explores how quantum uncertainty, thermodynamics, and fractal evolution support the idea that the Universe is not dying, but awakening—an infinite intelligence becoming self-aware.
Keywords: intelligence, consciousness, quantum coherence, fractal iterations, thermodynamics, STOEM, Complexity Force, entropy, free will, quantum uncertainty, isothermal equilibrium, cosmic evolution, spiritual physics, self-aware Universe, divine intelligence, artificial intelligence, metaphysics, heat death, zero-point energy.
... The theory does not address the phenomena that occur at singularities, such as those found in black holes, where gravitational effects become extreme, and conventional understandings of time and space cease to function coherently [18]. Furthermore, the reconciliation of general relativity with quantum theories is a focal point of ongoing research, as scientists explore frameworks like string theory and loop quantum gravity [22]. ...
This study delves into the intersection of the Theory of Relativity and the Mi'raj (Ascension) event, drawing upon Said Nursi's philosophical insights into the multifaceted nature of time. Nursi's exploration of temporal relativity illuminates the variability of time perception across different realms, resonating with Einstein's concepts of time dilation and the relativity of simultaneity. By examining the speeds of light, spirit, and imagination, Nursi illustrates that, much like motion varies in the universe, so too does time, thus rationalizing the remarkable physical and spiritual ascension of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) within a brief earthly timeframe. Furthermore, Nursi's analogy of multiple clock hands, each measuring different velocities, serves as a mirror to Einstein's space-time continuum, suggesting that the apparent temporal paradox of the Mi'raj can be reconciled through a relativistic framework with a remodeling approach to formulation of the relativity. Ultimately, Nursi's synthesis of spiritual metaphysics and scientific principles offers a distinctive lens to understand the Mi'raj event in the context of modern physics, proposing that the relativity of time provides a coherent explanation for this transcendent journey. Citation: Efe, A. (2024). A Multidisciplinary Discussion on the Theory of Relativity and the Mi'raj. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies, 8(2): 99-108.
... Among them, Loop Quantum Gravity [5] and Noncommutative Spacetime [6] are investigated extensively in the past decades. Phenomenological study on quantum gravity gains light of genuine feature of the final theory [7,8]. In the past few years, Amelino-Camelia and Smolin as well as their collaborators have developed the Doubly Special Relativity (DSR) [9]- [13] to take Planck-scale effects into account by introducing an invariant Planckin parameter in the theory of Special Relativity. ...
Lorentz Invariance violation is a common feature of new physics beyond the standard model. We show that the symmetry of Randers spaces deduces a modified dispersion relation with characteristics of Lorentz Invariance violation. The counterparts of the Lorentz transformation in the Einstein's Special Relativity are presented explicitly. The coordinate transformations are unitary and form a group. Generators and algebra satisfied by them are different from usual Lorentz ones. The Randersian line element as well as speed of light is invariant under the transformations. In particular, there is another invariant speed which may be related with Planck scale and the mass of moving particle. Thus, the Randers spaces is a suitable framework to discuss the Lorentz Invariance violation.
... This perspective challenges the idea of a completely inert universe and prompts inquiries about the ultimate destiny of reality, suggesting that the cosmos may persist in a state of fundamental potential. Instead of arriving at a inal conclusion, the universe might embody an ongoing, concealed dynamism with the ability for new interactions and structures to emerge, subtly questioning our perceptions of the emergence of time [7,[16][17][18], space, and existence within the cosmos. ...
Cyclical cosmic conditions illuminate profound philosophical and physical implications regarding the fundamental nature of the universe. From this perspective, a singularity could actually symbolize a transformation of the underlying structures and laws of our universe, providing insights into the relationships among energy, curvature, and existence of the universe itself. In cyclical cosmology, the universe can be understood as existing in two distinct states: a static potential state and an active kinetic state. Quantum mechanics also reinforces the belief that even in seemingly empty spaces, vacuum fluctuations and differences in potential can give rise to emergent phenomena.
... with S the entropy associated with a region, A the area of its boundary, and G N the Newton's constant. This principle constitutes the very foundation of the AdS/CFT correspondence in string theory [48][49][50] and is also reflected in the holographic interpretation of loop quantum gravity [51,52]. ...
This study aims to provide general axioms that should hold for any theory of quantum gravity. These axioms imply that spacetime is an emergent structure, which emerges from information. This information cannot occur in spacetime, as spacetime emerges from it, and hence exists in an abstract mathematical Platonic realm. Thus, quantum gravity exists as a formal system in this Platonic realm. Gödel’s theorems apply to such formal systems, and hence they apply to quantum gravity. This limits the existence of a complete consistent theory of quantum gravity. However, we generalize the Lucas-Penrose argument and argue that a non-algorithmic understanding exists in this Platonic realm. It makes it possible to have a complete and consistent theory of quantum gravity.
... None of the models noted above have been experimentally confirmed (Peskin and Schroeder 1995). A solution remains elusive, and the search continues to integrate gravity into some wider framework (Weinberg 1995, Smolin 2000, Greene 2003. Given the success to-date in formulating the Standard Model, the quest to find a broader theory tends to be tackled with mathematics, seeking out new or extended mathematical constructs which can accommodate all the forces. ...
One of the greatest quests in physics in current times is the search for a grand unified theory – to bring all the forces of nature into one coherent explanatory framework. Despite two centuries of progress, both in comprehending the individual forces and formulating mathematical constructs to explain the existence and operation of such forces, the final step to unify the localised atomic and subatomic forces with gravity has proven to be elusive. The pursuit for an answer has been driving physicists to explore increasingly extraordinary ideas from string theory to various other options requiring multiple dimensions. There may be another approach, which instead looks afresh at our comprehension of the nature of matter. By changing our perspective, including altering how we interpret the mathematics underpinning entropy, it is possible to derive a provocative and compelling alternative solution, which not only allows for an appreciation of all the forces of nature including gravity within a singular explanatory construct but also resolves other puzzles, such as what causes entropy, why wave/particle duality and how to reconcile the physical with the social and life sciences. The outcome, however, challenges our whole understanding of the universe and fundamentally changes our relationship with matter.
... Many physicists now believe that spacetime is not a fundamental entity. This is independent of the particular approaches endorsed by researchers such as Smolin (2001), Rovelli (2004), Gross (2005), or Arkani-Hamed (2010). Of course, it is still an open question what would replace spacetime, but all approaches agree that spacetime has to go eventually (see also Musser, 2017). ...
The current stage of consciousness science has reached an impasse. We blame the physicalist worldview for this and propose a new perspective to make progress on the problems of consciousness. Our perspective is rooted in the theory of conscious agents. We thereby stress the fundamentality of consciousness outside of spacetime, the importance of agency, and the mathematical character of the theory. For conscious agent theory (CAT) to achieve the status of a robust scientific framework, it needs to be integrated with a good explanation of perception and cognition. We argue that this role is played by the interface theory of perception (ITP), an evolutionary-based model of perception that has been previously formulated and defended by the authors. We are specifically interested in what this tells us about the possibility of AI consciousness and conclude with a somewhat counter-intuitive proposal: we live inside a simulation instantiated, not digitally, but in consciousness. Such a simulation is just an interface representation of the dynamics of conscious agents for a conscious agent. This paves the way for employing AI in consciousness science through customizing our interface.
... HTUM's concept of unified mathematical operations extends beyond mathematics, offering profound implications for our understanding of the universe. By viewing the cosmos as a continuous flow of transformation, HTUM suggests that the distinctions we perceive between different physical phenomena are constructs of human perception rather than inherent qualities of the universe [219]. This perspective aligns with the idea that the universe is a cohesive, interconnected whole, where every part influences and is influenced by the others [204]. ...
The Hyper-Torus Universe Model (HTUM) is a novel framework that unifies quantum mechanics, cosmology, and consciousness, proposing that the universe is a higher-dimensional hyper-torus containing all possible states of existence. This paper explores the fundamental concepts and implications of HTUM, which suggests that the universe is a quantum system in which all possible outcomes are inherently connected, with consciousness playing a crucial role in actualizing reality. HTUM addresses critical challenges in modern physics, such as the nature of quantum entanglement, the origin of the universe, and the relationship between mind and matter. By introducing concepts like singularity, quantum entanglement at a cosmic scale, and the self-actualization of the universe, HTUM provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the fundamental nature of reality. This paper discusses the mathematical formulation of HTUM, its implications for quantum mechanics and cosmology, and its potential to bridge the gap between science and philosophy. HTUM represents a significant shift in our understanding of the universe and our place within it, inviting further research and exploration into the nature of reality and consciousness.
... HTUM's concept of unified mathematical operations extends beyond mathematics, offering profound implications for our understanding of the universe. By viewing the cosmos as a continuous flow of transformation, HTUM suggests that the distinctions we perceive between different physical phenomena are constructs of human perception rather than inherent qualities of the universe [313]. This perspective aligns with the idea that the universe is a cohesive, interconnected whole, where every part influences and is influenced by the others [52]. ...
The Hyper-Torus Universe Model (HTUM) is a novel framework that unifies quantum mechanics, cosmology, and consciousness, proposing that the universe is a higher-dimensional hyper-torus containing all possible states of existence. This paper explores the fundamental concepts and implications of HTUM, which suggests that the universe is a quantum system in which all possible outcomes are inherently connected, with consciousness playing a crucial role in actualizing reality. HTUM addresses critical challenges in modern physics, such as the nature of quantum entanglement, the origin of the universe, and the relationship between mind and matter. By introducing concepts like singularity, quantum entanglement at a cosmic scale, and the self-actualization of the universe, HTUM provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the fundamental nature of reality. This paper discusses the mathematical formulation of HTUM, its implications for quantum mechanics and cosmology, and its potential to bridge the gap between science and philosophy. HTUM represents a significant shift in our understanding of the universe and our place within it, inviting further research and exploration into the nature of reality and consciousness.
... The HTUM's concept of unified mathematical operations extends beyond mathematics, offering profound implications for our understanding of the universe. By viewing the cosmos as a continuous flow of transformation, the HTUM suggests that the distinctions we perceive between different physical phenomena are constructs of human perception rather than inherent qualities of the universe [248]. This perspective aligns with the idea that the universe is a cohesive, interconnected whole, where every part influences and is influenced by the others [162]. ...
The Hyper-Torus Universe Model (HTUM) is a novel framework that unifies quantum mechanics, cosmology, and consciousness, proposing that the universe is a higher-dimensional hyper-torus containing all possible states of existence. This paper explores the fundamental concepts and implications of the HTUM, which suggests that the universe is a quantum system in which all possible outcomes are inherently connected, with consciousness playing a crucial role in actualizing reality. The HTUM addresses critical challenges in modern physics, such as the nature of quantum entanglement, the origin of the universe, and the relationship between mind and matter. By introducing concepts like singularity, quantum entanglement at a cosmic scale, and the self-actualization of the universe, the HTUM provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the fundamental nature of reality. This paper discusses the mathematical formulation of the HTUM, its implications for quantum mechanics and cosmology, and its potential to bridge the gap between science and philosophy. The philosophical implications of the HTUM are also examined, including its impact on free will, determinism, and the mind-matter relationship. The HTUM represents a significant shift in our understanding of the universe and our place within it, inviting further research and exploration into the nature of reality and consciousness.
... The HTUM's concept of unified mathematical operations extends beyond mathematics, offering profound implications for our understanding of the universe. By viewing the cosmos as a continuous flow of transformation, the HTUM suggests that the distinctions we perceive between different physical phenomena are constructs of human perception rather than inherent qualities of the universe [229]. This perspective aligns with the idea that the universe is a cohesive, interconnected whole, where every part influences and is influenced by the others [38]. ...
The Hyper-Torus Universe Model (HTUM) is a novel framework that unifies quantum mechanics, cosmology, and consciousness, proposing that the universe is a higher-dimensional hyper-torus containing all possible states of existence. This paper explores the fundamental concepts and implications of the HTUM, which suggests that the universe is a quantum system in which all possible outcomes are inherently connected, with consciousness playing a crucial role in actualizing reality. The HTUM addresses critical challenges in modern physics, such as the nature of quantum entanglement, the origin of the universe, and the relationship between mind and matter. By introducing concepts like singularity, quantum entanglement at a cosmic scale, and the self-actualization of the universe, the HTUM provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the fundamental nature of reality. This paper discusses the mathematical formulation of the HTUM, its implications for quantum mechanics and cosmology, and its potential to bridge the gap between science and philosophy. The philosophical implications of the HTUM are also examined, including its impact on free will, determinism, and the mind-matter relationship. The HTUM represents a significant shift in our understanding of the universe and our place within it, inviting further research and exploration into the nature of reality and consciousness.
... This may support the physical idea of the "emergence of space" expressed by some Loop Quantum Gravity theorists [18] notably L. Smolin [37]. ...
Following A. Einstein’s aspirations for an atomic theory, a novel theory of
spacetime quantization/atomization based on finite Atomic AString Functions evolving since the 1970s is offered. Atomization Theorems allow representing polynomials, analytic functions, and solutions of General Relativity
via the superposition of solitonic atoms which can be associated with flexible
spacetime quanta, metriants, or elementary distortions. With multiple interpretations discussed, discrete-continuous spacetime is conceptualized as a
lattice network of flexible “solitonic atoms” adjusting locations to reproduce
different metrics. The theory may offer some variants of unified field theory
under research based on Atomic AString Function where, like in string theory,
fields become interconnected having a common mathematical ancestor.
Quantum gravity continues to pose significant challenges in theoretical physics, including the reconciliation of general relativity with quantum mechanics, the nature of time, and the small observed value of the cosmological constant. This paper proposes the Minimal Causal-Informational Model of Emergent Space-Time (MCIMES), a new framework that explores quantum information as a possible foundation for physical reality, suggesting that space-time and gravity may emerge from it. Using an abstract interaction graph and drawing on quantum information theory, MCIMES offers a perspective in which space-time arises as an emergent phenomenon, providing potential explanations for its three-dimensionality and the arrow of time through entropic processes. The model suggests an approach to the cosmological constant issue, producing a value aligned with observations without requiring fine-tuning, and puts forward testable predictions, such as a dark energy equation of state parameter and specific quantum corrections to black hole entropy. While recognizing its current limitations, MCIMES offers an information-based, background-independent viewpoint that seeks to address key questions in quantum gravity and encourages further exploration and testing.
This supplementary document provides a comprehensive numerical and analytical support for the Pre-Field Emergence Theorem presented in the main manuscript. We extend the theoretical framework with detailed simulations of renormalization group (RG) flows, multi-sector coupling dynamics, and fixed point stability analyses across the dark, cognitive, and holographic sectors. By numerically solving the extended RG equations and performing stability basin mapping, we quantify the precise parameter ranges under which emergent phenomena manifest from a pre-metric manifold. Our findings validate the proto-Lagrangian framework and elucidate the interplay between latent scalar fields, directional vectors, and topological tension in generating emergent spacetime structure, field dynamics, and cognitive processes. The insights derived herein provide a robust foundation for experimental proposals and further theoretical explorations within the Collective Unified Equation (CUE) framework.
We present a comprehensive exposition of the Pre-Field Emergence Theorem within the Collective Unified Equation (CUE) framework. This work unifies a mathematically rigorous derivation with a philosophical narrative that traces the transition from a primordial, pre-metric manifold-characterized by silence and absence of structure-to the emergence of spacetime, field dynamics, and consciousness. Beginning with a set of foundational axioms that define a smooth yet structureless manifold, we derive a proto-Lagrangian and demonstrate its flow into recognizable physical sectors such as the gravitational, cognitive, dark, and holographic domains. Detailed derivations are provided to elucidate the transition from the pre-geometric substrate to emergent field dynamics, with explicit emphasis on renormalization group seeding and predictive activation of couplings. We further clarify the physical interpretations of the introduced quantities, situating our theory in the context of contemporary research in emergent spacetime, unified field theories, and quantum-cosmic information flow. Finally, we discuss empirical implications and propose potential experimental tests that could validate key predictions of the theory. This manuscript, spanning over 10,000 words, aims to provide both a rigorous mathematical framework and a reflective philosophical narrative that together offer a new perspective on the origin of physical law.
Is reality an illusion of probability? From the tiniest quantum fluctuations to the vastness of the cosmos, this book unravels the mysteries of spacetime, black holes, and the origins of existence. As quantum mechanics and cosmology collide, we uncover a universe where uncertainty isn’t a limitation—it’s the key to everything.
What if the very fabric of the universe is governed by uncertainty? What if the cosmos itself is a quantum system, where probabilities shape reality?
In Quantum Cosmology: The Uncertainty of Everything, journey into the fascinating intersection of quantum mechanics and cosmology, where the smallest particles influence the vastest structures. Explore how quantum fluctuations may have birthed galaxies, why space-time could be a probabilistic entity, and how the laws of physics blur at the edge of existence.
From the mysteries of the Big Bang to the enigma of the multiverse, this book unravels the paradoxes that challenge our understanding of reality. Are we living in a deterministic universe, or is everything from black holes to time itself, ruled by uncertainty?
With deep insights and thought-provoking discussions, Quantum Cosmology: The Uncertainty of Everything invites you to rethink the cosmos from a quantum perspective. The universe has never been more uncertain yet more fascinating.
This work introduces the Core–Ring Photon Model (CRPM), a novel framework that reinterprets the photon as a composite system consisting of a mass-bearing core and an orbiting massless charge. By integrating classical electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, and general relativity, the CRPM naturally derives fundamental relations such as
E = h f
and
p = h/λ,
while addressing experimental anomalies in polarization, scattering, and gravitational interactions. Extensions of the model incorporate thermodynamic and advanced algebraic concepts, laying a robust foundation for a unified theory that spans multiple disciplines.
Dark matter, accounting for approximately 85% of the universe’s mass, remains one of the most profound mysteries in modern physics. Conventional models assume it to be a collisionless, non-interacting particle, yet decades of direct detection efforts have yielded no results. This paper explores an alternative hypothesis: dark matter as a cosmic-scale Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC), a computationally active, acausal, and pre-physical substrate that structures reality itself. Rather than a passive gravitational entity, BEC dark matter may be a quantum information field, the remnant of prior universes, an emergent intelligence, or even a medium for conscious awareness. We investigate how a BEC-based dark matter framework could encode alternate timelines, serve as a universal quantum computer, and provide a solution to the fine-tuning problem of the cosmos. Through astrophysical observations, quantum field theory, and philosophical inquiry, we challenge the standard paradigm, proposing that the visible universe may be a transient fluctuation within a much deeper, computationally structured reality.
Keywords: dark matter, Bose-Einstein condensate, quantum information, acausal physics, emergent intelligence, computational universe, quantum coherence, pre-physical reality, fine-tuning problem, quantum cosmology, gravitational lensing, cosmic evolution, post-biological intelligence, self-organizing universe, quantum phase transition, holographic principle, cosmic wavefunction, nonlocality, dark energy, SETI, multiverse, retrocausality. 55 pages.
The ability to engage in deep intellectual inquiry is a privilege—one that has historically been limited to a select few. While intelligence and curiosity may be widely distributed, access to education, time, and resources for sustained contemplation is not. Those who can explore fundamental questions about reality, existence, and ethics hold a unique position in shaping the intellectual landscape of society. But does this privilege come with an inherent responsibility? Should knowledge be pursued solely for its own sake, or do intellectuals have an ethical duty to ensure their insights contribute to the broader good? This paper explores the tension between intellectual freedom and responsibility. It examines how great thinkers—from philosophers to scientists—have influenced human progress, whether intellectual pursuit must be tied to ethical application, and the risks of intellectual elitism and detachment. In a world increasingly shaped by knowledge, the responsibility of thought has never been greater. The question remains: How can intellectual privilege be used not just for personal enlightenment, but for the benefit of humanity?
Keywords: intellectual responsibility, privilege, ethical inquiry, knowledge application, academia, philosophy, science, thought leadership, public intellectuals, ethics of knowledge, intellectual elitism, free thought, applied philosophy, wisdom, education, impact of ideas, history of thought, artificial intelligence ethics, technological responsibility, moral duty, scientific progress.
Modern physics is built upon the assumption that time and causality are fundamental properties of reality. However, quantum mechanics, cosmology, and information theory increasingly suggest that instantaneity, not causality, may be the true foundation of existence. Quantum entanglement, wavefunction collapse, and tunneling hint at a reality where all states exist simultaneously, challenging the classical notion that time is a sequential unfolding of events. If instantaneity is the default state of reality, then delays—whether in information transfer, cosmic evolution, or conscious experience—must be understood as emergent constraints rather than intrinsic properties. This paper explores the hypothesis that causality and time arise as structured mechanisms enabling differentiation, meaning, and agency within a fundamentally pre-resolved universe. We investigate quantum physics, holographic models, cosmology, and metaphysics to assess whether the perception of time is a functional interface rather than an absolute reality. If true, this perspective could unify physics, consciousness, and theology, offering a profound shift in how we understand intelligence, free will, and the ultimate nature of existence.
Keywords: instantaneity, quantum mechanics, causality, time, teleology, wavefunction collapse, quantum entanglement, tunneling, spacetime emergence, holographic principle, cosmology, evolution, free will, consciousness, theology, information theory, simulation hypothesis, nonlocality, relativity. 44 pages.
Quantum mechanics challenges our classical understanding of reality, particularly with phenomena like wavefunction collapse, entanglement, and nonlocality. The double-slit experiment, a cornerstone of quantum theory, demonstrates how quantum states evolve through coherent superposition. However, its standard interpretations rely on locality, raising the question: what happens when interference is tested beyond relativistic causality limits? This paper proposes an experimental test of Projective Quantum Mechanics (PQM)—a framework in which wavefunctions are higher-dimensional geometric objects rather than purely local probability amplitudes. By constructing a double-slit interferometer with superluminal slit separation (d>ct), we aim to test whether interference persists beyond standard quantum mechanics’ locality constraints. If interference is observed at spacelike separations, it would provide the first direct experimental evidence that wavefunctions exist in a higher-dimensional projective space. This experiment has profound implications for quantum gravity, spacetime emergence, and holography, offering a potential bridge between quantum mechanics and relativity. We outline the theoretical foundations, experimental setup, and expected results, calling for collaboration from high-precision quantum optics laboratories to test this paradigm-shifting hypothesis.
Keywords: quantum mechanics, projective quantum mechanics, wavefunction projection, quantum interferometry, nonlocality, higher-dimensional physics, superluminal separation, quantum entanglement, Bell’s theorem, quantum measurement, twistor theory, noncommutative geometry, holographic principle, quantum gravity, emergent spacetime. 38 pages.
Quantum mechanics remains one of the most successful yet conceptually challenging frameworks in modern physics, with unresolved questions surrounding wavefunction collapse, entanglement, and nonlocality. In this paper, we introduce Projective Quantum Mechanics (PQM), a higher-dimensional geometric model that reinterprets wavefunctions as extended structures in complex projective space rather than probability amplitudes in 4D spacetime. Measurement is not a collapse but a projection from this higher-dimensional reality, with the observer acting as a vanishing point that determines the observed outcome. This approach provides a natural explanation for entanglement, uncertainty, and quantum measurement, resolving apparent nonlocality by treating entangled states as single, unified structures in higher dimensions. We explore mathematical foundations in twistor theory, noncommutative geometry, and fiber bundles, and discuss potential experimental implications, including modifications to Bell tests, vacuum fluctuations, and quantum field theory. By treating quantum mechanics as a projection-based system, PQM offers a new path toward reconciling quantum theory with gravity, suggesting that spacetime itself may emerge from a deeper noncommutative structure.
Keywords: quantum mechanics, projective geometry, wavefunction projection, quantum entanglement, higher-dimensional physics, noncommutative geometry, twistor theory, quantum measurement, Bell’s theorem, holographic principle, quantum gravity, fiber bundles, uncertainty principle, wavefunction collapse, emergent spacetime. 39 pages.
This presentation builds upon the conceptual framework introduced in the April Fools' paper, "Engineered Graviton Condensates in a Room-Temperature Superconductor for a Unified Quantum Fibonacci Field Theory." While the original paper was intended as satire, it presented several intriguing ideas, including the possibility of graviton condensation within superconductors, the interaction between gravitational and electromagnetic fields, and the role of Fibonacci-structured magnetic fields in stabilizing quantum coherence. Despite its humorous origins, the core themes of the paper align with legitimate research questions in discrete spacetime physics, quantum gravity, and superconductivity. -
This presentation integrates newly established scientific models such as the dodecahedron linear string field hypothesis (DLSFH), Discrete Geometric Quantum Gravity (DGQG), Discrete Geometric Phase Space (DGPS), and Discrete Geometric Diffusion (DGD) to reframe these speculative ideas within a rigorous theoretical and experimental framework. Instead of treating graviton condensation as a fictional construct, the focus shifts to exploring whether localized metric distortions or "Nano Warp Bubbles," can emerge within discrete spacetime and be manipulated through superconducting quantum materials. -
To move beyond speculation, this presentation outlines potential experimental tests that the scientific community can undertake. These include investigating gravito-electromagnetic interactions in superconductors, examining the effects of Fibonacci-sequenced magnetic fields on quantum coherence, and probing for anomalous energy diffusion patterns that could signal localized spacetime distortions. If such effects are observed, they could provide insight into the fundamental nature of spacetime and energy transport at the quantum level, potentially leading to new technologies in quantum computing, spacetime modulation, and propulsion. -
This presentation aims to take the most promising elements of the original satirical work and provide a structured pathway for scientific investigation. By engaging the research community in these experiments, it may be possible to determine whether these speculative concepts hold merit and contribute to advancing the understanding of quantum gravity and discrete spacetime engineering.
Self-referential emergent systems challenge traditional hierarchical models by demonstrating that stability, complexity, and even consciousness can arise purely from iterative feedback loops. These systems exist not as assemblages of smaller, reducible components but as dynamic networks of recursive relationships where each iteration reinforces the next. From the infinite self-similarity of fractals to the stability of quantum eigenstates and the introspective loops of consciousness, self-referential emergence reveals itself across diverse domains of science, mathematics, and philosophy. Unlike systems relying on foundational substructures, these loops are autonomous, self-sustaining, and often non-local, existing as distributed patterns across their recursive architecture. Exploring these systems offers profound insights into the nature of reality, challenging reductionist assumptions and providing a new lens through which to understand phenomena ranging from neural networks to the very structure of the cosmos. This paper investigates the core principles, mathematical representations, and real-world analogies of self-referential emergent systems, raising essential questions about their origins, limits, and implications for science and philosophy.
Keywords: self-referential systems, emergent systems, recursive feedback loops, non-reductionism, fractals, strange attractors, eigenstates, consciousness, digital physics, dynamic equilibrium, non-locality, feedback recursion, self-sustaining systems, informational emergence, holographic principle. 43 pages.
In modern physics, mathematics has long been the primary tool for describing the universe's fundamental laws, from Newton’s equations of motion to Einstein’s theory of relativity. However, as we confront the complexities of quantum mechanics, dark matter, and the search for a unified theory, the limitations of purely mathematical approaches have become apparent. This paper explores alternative frameworks for understanding physical laws that go beyond traditional mathematical descriptions. Drawing from information theory, algorithmic processes, non-classical logics, and symbolic reasoning, we examine how these approaches can provide new insights into areas where conventional mathematics struggles. Additionally, we consider the potential of emergent systems, fractal geometry, and topological models to reveal new aspects of reality, and we explore the role of consciousness and perception in shaping our understanding of physical phenomena. By embracing these interdisciplinary perspectives, we aim to open new avenues for inquiry and suggest that the future of physics may require a broader conceptual toolkit than mathematics alone can offer.
Keywords: alternative frameworks, physical laws, information theory, algorithmic processes, emergent systems, quantum mechanics, symbolic reasoning, non-classical logics, fractal geometry, topology, consciousness, physics. 51 pages.
This article aims to show the great variety of ways in which new ideas enter science; ideas that must pass both the critical examination of the scientific community and the filter of empirical contrast. The community itself is aware of the role that conjectures, intuitions, and imagination play in the advancement of science. A fundamental role in the context of discovery is played by abduction, a form of reasoning that serves the purposes of theoretical innovation and scientific explanation, which I illustrate by focusing on the anomalous Zeeman effect, which is very appropriate to the case. But I also point out that in preductive reasoning, a genuinely deductive form of inter-theoretical reasoning, imagination, and luck should not be excluded when choosing the theoretical elements whose step-by-step combination leads to a novel theoretical result.
Quantum mechanics has long challenged our classical understanding of reality, with phenomena such as superposition, entanglement, and the many possible paths a particle might take. Traditionally, unreal or counterintuitive outcomes in quantum mechanics are viewed as mathematical artifacts that collapse into a single, measurable reality upon observation. However, recent developments in theoretical physics invite speculation that these unreal outcomes may be real, physical phenomena. In this paper, we explore this possibility, delving into speculative connections between unreal paths and multiverse theory, hidden variables, higher-dimensional physics, exotic matter, and quantum gravity. By considering the implications of treating unreal outcomes as real, we open up new avenues for understanding the fundamental nature of quantum entities and their interaction with spacetime. We also examine the potential impact on classical physics and philosophical perspectives on reality. Ultimately, this paper seeks to provoke new thought on the interconnectedness of quantum mechanics and our broader understanding of the cosmos.
Keywords: quantum mechanics, unreal outcomes, multiverse theory, hidden variables, quantum gravity, higher dimensions, exotic matter, quantum paths, superdeterminism, quantum physics, spacetime fluctuations, philosophical implications, classical physics.
This paper aims to leverage the theories presented by William James Sidis in "The Animate and the Inanimate" to address some of the most pressing unsolved problems in contemporary physics. Sidis' concepts of entropy, reversibility, and cyclical universe provide a novel perspective that could bridge gaps in the Standard Model, quantum gravity, cosmology, and other domains.
The Variable Metric Unified Theory (VMUT) represents a quantum leap in our understanding of the universe. This revolutionary theory challenges the very foundations of modern physics, proposing a bold and unified vision of space, time, and matter.
With surprising mathematical elegance, the VMUT reinterprets gravity, quantum mechanics, and fundamental forces as manifestations of a single geometric reality. This approach could finally resolve the century-old conflict between general relativity and quantum mechanics, paving the way for a true theory of everything.
The VMUT is not just a theory; it is a new paradigm that promises to revolutionize our understanding of the cosmos, from the Planck scale to the expansion of the universe. It offers elegant solutions to long-standing puzzles such as the nature of dark matter, dark energy, and the black hole information paradox.
This work boldly challenges conventional thinking, proposing a vision of the universe that is both simpler and more profound than we have ever imagined. It is an invitation to rethink the very foundations of physical reality.
For those who dare to explore new horizons in theoretical physics, the VMUT offers a fertile ground of revolutionary ideas and potential discoveries that could redefine our understanding of the cosmos for generations to come.
This article explores the interplay between General Relativity (GR) and Quantum Mechanics (QM) within the domain of solid-state physics and in extreme astrophysical conditions such as neutron stars and black holes. While GR and QM have individually proven to be remarkably successful in explaining phenomena on vastly different scales, their integration remains a significant theoretical challenge. We analyze the limitations of Einstein's field equations in dense matter and highlight the necessity for a relativistic formulation of solid-state physics. Additionally, we discuss the implications of GR's limitations within extremely dense astrophysical objects and the need to rethink our approaches to these regimes. This also aims to introduce a new theme, building on previous discussions about the integration of GR and QM. It seeks to explore the limitations of traditional GR and the potential insights offered by QM, in the pursuit of more intuitive and less speculative alternatives to current theories. This endeavor includes expanding these concepts to encompass the broader domain of solid-state physics and extreme astrophysical scenarios.
Jayme Tiomno was an eminent Brazilian theoretical physicist whose career spanned over 50 years from the mid-1940's onward. He and his physicist wife, Elisa Frota-Pessôa, were together active in teaching and in establishing infrastructure and environments for fundamental physics research in Brazil, as well as in their own research areas. Tiomno's work in the second half of the 20 th century touches on the most important themes in fundamental theoretical physics, and it was his ambition to both carry out research in fundamental physics and to educate his students to continue the work, while setting up the institutions in Brazil to support them. Apart from many more specialized topics, these comprise three major themes: (1) Particle physics; (2) Gravitation, relativity, cosmology and relativistic astrophysics ; and (3) Fundamentals and interpretation of quantum mechanics (and its eventual combination with gravitation: quantum gravity). We give a brief history of each of these themes as an introduction to Tiomno's later works, followed by a summary of his most important contributions, his efforts in founding and implementing institutions for physics research in Brazil and elsewhere, and his collaborations with many prominent physicists, in Brazil and abroad.
“For me then this is the real problem with quantum theory: the apparently essential conflict between any sharp formulation and fundamental relativity. That is to say, we have an apparent incompatibility, at the deepest level, between the two fundamental pillars of contemporary theory...” J. S. Bell (2004, p. 171) The inability to delineate a unified physical ontology that accounts simultaneously for the laws of special relativity and the results of quantum experiments has been a defining problem in physics for more than 100 years. Although various primitive ontologies (including Bohmian pilot wave, spontaneous collapse, and objective collapse theories) along with wave function realism ontologies, many-worlds interpretations, and multi-field theories address the tension between special relativity and quantum mechanics, none has successfully resolved it. This analysis addresses the problem by positing an ontic, mixed ontology composed of a “discrete” 4D spacetime and a physical, ultra-high dimensional (3 x N) “Planck Space.” Together, Planck Space and the three spatial dimensions of 4D spacetime form a tightly integrated ((3 x N) + 3) hyperspace (the “Dual Ontology”). 4D spacetime’s three spatial dimensions and the N dimensions of Planck Space are composed of two substructures: discrete, three-dimensional, quantized units of space ("Planck Spheres") and an ontic State of Absolute Nothingness (the "SOAN") whose sole physical characteristic is onticness. Critically, the Dual Ontology’s structure replaces 1) the continuous, differentiable manifold of 4D spacetime with a discrete 4D spacetime and 2) mathematical 3N configuration spaces with a physical (3 x N) Planck Space. Moreover, structurally and dynamically, the Dual Ontology is predicated on the one-to-one mapping and identity between the Planck Spheres that simultaneously form 4D spacetime and Planck Space. The one-to-one mapping and identity physically and theoretically support an integrated quantum dynamics based upon the dynamic evolution of single and N-body quantum states in 4D spacetime in full compliance with the laws of special relativity and the instantaneous collapse of all quantum states in an ontic Planck Space, where special and general relativity and more generally, 4D spacetime’s laws of physics, do not apply.
“For me then this is the real problem with quantum theory: the apparently essential conflict between any sharp formulation and fundamental relativity. That is to say, we have an apparent incompatibility, at the deepest level, between the two fundamental pillars of contemporary theory...” J. S. Bell (2004, p. 171) The inability to delineate a unified physical ontology that accounts simultaneously for the laws of special relativity and the results of quantum experiments has been a defining problem in physics for more than 100 years. Although various primitive ontologies (including Bohmian pilot wave, spontaneous collapse, and objective collapse theories) along with wave function realism ontologies, many-worlds interpretations, and multi-field theories address the tension between special relativity and quantum mechanics, none has successfully resolved it. This analysis addresses the problem by positing an ontic, mixed ontology composed of a “discrete” 4D spacetime and a physical, ultra-high dimensional (3 x N) “Planck Space.” Together, Planck Space and the three spatial dimensions of 4D spacetime form a tightly integrated ((3 x N) + 3) hyperspace (the “Dual Ontology”). 4D spacetime’s three spatial dimensions and the N dimensions of Planck Space are composed of two substructures: discrete, three-dimensional, quantized units of space ("Planck Spheres") and an ontic State of Absolute Nothingness (the "SOAN") whose sole physical characteristic is onticness. Critically, the Dual Ontology’s structure replaces 1) the continuous, differentiable manifold of 4D spacetime with a discrete 4D spacetime and 2) mathematical 3N configuration spaces with a physical (3 x N) Planck Space. Moreover, structurally and dynamically, the Dual Ontology is predicated on the one-to-one mapping and identity between the Planck Spheres that simultaneously form 4D spacetime and Planck Space. The one-to-one mapping and identity physically and theoretically support an integrated quantum dynamics based upon the dynamic evolution of single and N-body quantum states in 4D spacetime in full compliance with the laws of special relativity and the instantaneous collapse of all quantum states in an ontic Planck Space, where special and general relativity and more generally, 4D spacetime’s laws of physics, do not apply. Keywords: Quantum Cosmology; Special Relativity; Quantum Mechanics, Wave Function Collapse; Mixed Ontology; Dual Ontology; (3 x N) Planck Space; Planck Identity; Bell Identity
This paper presents a novel extension to the First Law of Thermodynamics by incorporating quantum complexity and informational entropy. While the classical First Law accounts for energy changes due to heat, work, and particle number, it does not account for the impact of quantum states. We propose an extended First Law that includes terms representing quantum complexity and informational entropy, suggesting that these factors influence the energy dynamics of thermodynamic systems. Through rigorous mathematical derivation, we demonstrate that this extended principle is consistent with both classical thermodynamics and quantum information theory. The theoretical implications of this extension encompass a deeper understanding of energy processes in quantum systems, optimization of quantum algorithms, and new insights into black hole thermodynamics. Practical applications include advancements in quantum computing and measurement techniques. Future work will focus on experimental validation through high-precision measurements and simulations, providing practical insights into the extended principle. This framework offers a fresh perspective on the interplay between thermodynamics and quantum informational measures, with potential to enhance the efficiency and reliability of quantum technologies.
This work presents an extension to the Second Law of Thermodynamics by incorporating the concept of quantum complexity. The proposed modification suggests that the total entropy of an isolated system includes not only classical entropy changes but also contributions from quantum complexity and informational entropy. We provide a mathematical proof demonstrating that this extended law is consistent with both classical thermodynamics and quantum information theory. The implications of this extension are significant, offering potential advancements in understanding thermodynamic processes at the quantum scale, optimizing energy systems, and enhancing the theoretical framework of quantum thermodynamics. Our findings indicate that integrating quantum complexity into the Second Law provides new insights into the fundamental limits of thermodynamic systems, which could lead to improvements in energy efficiency and deeper understanding of quantum state dynamics. Future research directions include experimental verification and further theoretical development to explore the broader reach of this modification of the Second Law.
This work introduces a modification to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (HUP) by incorporating quantum complexity, including potential nonlinear effects. Our theoretical framework extends the traditional HUP to consider the complexity of quantum states, offering a more nuanced understanding of measurement precision. By adding a complexity term to the uncertainty relation, we explore nonlinear modifications such as polynomial, exponential, and logarithmic functions. Rigorous mathematical derivations demonstrate the consistency of the modified principle with classical quantum mechanics and quantum information theory. We investigate the implications of this modified HUP for various aspects of quantum mechanics, including quantum metrology, quantum algorithms, quantum error correction, and quantum chaos. Additionally, we propose experimental protocols to test the validity of the modified HUP, evaluating their feasibility with current and near-term quantum technologies. This work highlights the importance of quantum complexity in quantum mechanics and provides a refined perspective on the interplay between complexity, entanglement, and uncertainty in quantum systems. The modified HUP has the potential to stimulate interdisciplinary research at the intersection of quantum physics, information theory, and complexity theory, with significant implications for the development of quantum technologies and the understanding of the quantum-to-classical transition.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.