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PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON LEAVES OF ANTISOMELES MALABARICA
Abstract
The present study includes the morphological and anatomical characteristic of the leaf along with the determination of physio chemical constants, phytochemical screening and volatile oil content determination on the leaves of Anisomeles malabarica (LAMIACEAE) to provide some pharmocognostical standards and serves as a standard reference for the identification of Anisomeles malabarica.
... The leaf constant measures for Ansiomeles malabarica of prior literary reports are vary from our current findings. In [10,11] S.I are 12 and 14 in upper epidermis and lower epidermis and V.I & V.T are 11-16 & 12-18 respectively. These values are highly differed from our findings this is because morphological changes due to the geographical and environmental factors. ...
This study investigates the pharmacognostic and phytochemical properties of Anisomeles malabarica, a medicinal plant from the Lamiaceae family. A comprehensive analysis was performed, encompassing macroscopic, microscopic, and numerical taxonomic studies. The anatomical observations revealed distinctive traits such as unicellular trichomes, collenchymatous and parenchymatous ground tissue, and vascular bundles with concentric arrangements. Quantitative microscopy parameters, including stomatal index and vein islet number, were documented. Physiochemical analyses showed values within Ayurvedic pharmacopeia standards, ensuring the plant's purity and quality. The presence of essential inorganic elements like calcium, potassium, and iron was confirmed, with no detection of toxic heavy metals, underscoring its safety for medicinal use. DNA barcoding validated the species identity, enhancing its taxonomic classification. These findings highlight A. malabarica's potential for therapeutic applications and its importance in pharmacognostic standardization.
The present study deals with the antibacterial activity of Anisomeles malabarica. Sequential extraction was carried out by using solvent such as ethanol, methanol, petroleum ether and aqueous extract from the leaf and boiled leaf of plant were investigated for preliminary antibacterial property against some pathogenic bacteria. In polar studies the maximum zone of inhibition were found in Staphylococcus aureus. In non-polar studies the maximum zone of inhibition were found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All these findings have confirmed the uses of this plant in a broad spectrum to treat several bacterial infections. The results showed good antibacterial activity and it could play an important role in herbal formulations for the treatment of infectious diseases.
Saponins isolated from sixteen Indian plants showed spermicidal activity in human semen in both the Spot and IPPF tests. Spermicidal activity was found to be associated with the β-amyrin C-28 carboxylic acid type of sapogenins linked to a particular sequence of sugar moieties.
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