Bioclimatic Architecture and Vernacularism

Abstract

Bioclimatic architecture, it means the architecture that has a connection to nature. The word bio climatic deals with climate and living organism. The keystone of energy conservation is architecture. Building, as they are designed and used today, contributes to serious environmental problems because of excessive consumption of energy and other natural resources. More decisively, it can also be considered as a tool to raising people's awareness of environmental protection or in other words a reaction to mother nature, which always cohabits and appreciates manhood. Presently the resources are not adequate enough to fulfill human needs in future. Sustainability is facing dual crisis due to global warming and depletion of fossil fuels. In today's world the major consumption of energy is in building sector. Climate had the major impact on the performance of the traditional building architecture and its energy consumption in hot dry area of Kapurthala. Passive cooling, ventilation and heating were few techniques used in the past and more harmonious, with the Mother Nature. Materials used for the historical buildings in the past were energy efficient. The perspective of this paper is applicability of passive and low energy cooling technologies and also enlighten the processes by which building and entire habitat were designed to respond to nature, with climate as the basic parameter of planning Moorish Mosque. Today's contemporary world requires such techniques and these can act as a source of inspiration for sustainable development in futuristic evolution. In this paper, the author has examined various passive cooling techniques and locally available resources used in Moorish Mosque in North Indian climate, buildings and systems analysis, to find out passive and low energy cooling technologies potential. Introduction: Human beings and mother nature had strong relationship in the past but with passage of time it merge into technology leading to the technical world with minimum respect towards nature .It has reduced the harmony, and which has resulted in building merely following context. Moorish Mosque is one of the astonishing examples using passive design as well as different technologies when mechanical ventilation was not found. The passive technology was merged together with newer methods that even after next seven centuries the building would cope with the extremities of climate in northern India. With the development of industrial revolution and the later phases of architecture, human being became more prone to mechanical devices rather than utilizing natural resources. Our great ancestors derived different means and developed comfortable spaces with inevitable expenditure on energy devices. Contrasting modern approach towards designing, the intention of designer's is to provide thermal comfort to the generation without knowing the cons of that which overweighs the pros of designing thermal environment. Today's generation is consuming more energy, which results in less comfortable dwelling rather than the historical buildings. Modern architects does not place environment into value, designing is to utilize maximum resources through artificial control of environment. The consumption of building depends on three ideologies, first is to maintain internal environment to make spaces comfortable, secondly microclimate control and furthermost manufacturing of materials. The author has tried to understand the natural phenomenon involves in planning of Moorish Mosque to make natural cool environment to the building, which may guide architects to develop bioclimatic architecture in future. 2. Passive Design: -It is a key to sustainable building. It's a technique used in design so as to induce buildings that come back through their surroundings condition by natural process. It achieves this by using a free renewable offer of energy just like the sun and wind to provide house heating, cooling, ventilation and lighting. using passive style will scale back temperature fluctuation, improve indoor air quality and create a home drier and plenty of enjoyment. Bioclimatology relates the study of the climate (climatology) to the kith and kin. The bioclimatic style is an approach that takes advantage of the climate through the correct application of design elements and Management promotes energy saving moreover as ensuring comfortable conditions Into buildings. Throughout this case, the bioclimatic design is so specifically associated with the understanding of native environmental condition options and to the applying of passive ways that associated with this, each of these parts work with completely different to realize comfortable temperature and sensible indoor quality.