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Bio-Based Dielectric Materials for Printed Circuit Boards
Abstract
Dielectric materials used for printed circuit applications consist of two components: the resin systems and the fiber reinforcement. The most successful and widely used resin systems are epoxy resin systems. However, the epoxy resin systems are petroleum-based which gives it some drawbacks, such as cost and sustainability issues. E-glass fibers have high dielectric constants which are not desirable for printed circuit boards. To solve these issues, a new soy oil resin was developed to replace the epoxy. Unsaturated soy oil was functionalized with different reactive groups to make it polymerizable. Then the functionalized oil was blended with comonomer and multifunctional agents to increase the crosslink density of the final thermoset. The resin system was designed to minimize the dielectric constants of the thermoset in order to increase the operation speed of the printed circuits. Natural fibers such as keratin fibers from chicken feathers were treated and used as reinforcement. Carbonization process of fibers was optimized to give better mechanical and dielectric properties.
This project was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant number 2005-35504-16137.
... The highly cross-linked structure gives the feather good mechanical properties (Zhan and Wool, 2014). CFFs have been used in composites with different polymers, such as soy oil resins (Hong and Wool, 2005, Zhan and Wool, 2008), polypropylene (Barone and Schmidt, 2005 and epoxy resins (Zhan and Wool, 2010). CFFs have high resistivity and low dielectric constant; if combined with well-designed bio-based resins, the resulting composites are good for electrical insulator (Zhan et al., 2011, Zhan andWool, 2010). ...
... Wool and coworkers investigated the properties of carbonized CFFs and proposed their applications on hydrogen storage and composite reinforcement [11,13]. CFFs have been used in composites with different polymers, such as soy oil resins [3,14], polypropylene [15], and epoxy resins [16,17]. CFFs have high resistivity and low dielectric constant; if combined with well-designed bio-based resins, the resulting composites are good for electrical insulator [17,18]. ...
Chicken feather fibers (CFFs) are attractive for composite applications. In this study, mechanical properties of the feather barbs were investigated statistically. The strain at break of CFFs had a Gaussian distribution with a mean value of 6.93%. The tensile modulus of CFFs was 3.59 ± 1.09 GPa and average tensile strength was 203 ± 74 MPa, respectively. Both tensile modulus and tensile strength among different feathers were significantly different. The failure of the CFFs followed a Weibull distribution with a scale parameter value of 178.7 MPa and a shape parameter value of 2.32. Overall, the well-investigated mechanical properties of the CFFs are beneficial for the further study of its applications in composite materials. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
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