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New species and combinations in Cortinarius subgenus Phlegmacium section Calochroi

July 2006
Mycotaxon 97:367-377

Authors:

Tobias Guldberg Frøslev

University of Copenhagen

Thomas Stjernegaard Jeppesen

Danish Natural History Museum

Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies we present two new species and one new combination in Cortinarius. Species descriptions are provided, along with discussions of phylogenetic and morphological affinities to similar taxa. All species belong to section Calochroi (incl. section Fulvi and Laeticolores s. auct.). Cortinarius osloensis and Cortinarius piceae spp. nov. are described, and Cortinarius barbaricus comb. nov. is introduced. The first taxon is a fulvoid species (i.e. contain anthraquinonoid pigments), and the two latter are calochroid (non-anthraquinonoid). Cortinarius piceae is described to cover the species most often treated as Cortinarius calochrous var. coniferarum.

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MYCOTAXON

Volume 97, pp. 367–377 July–September 2006

New species and combinations in

Cortinarius subgenus Phlegmacium

section Calochroi



tobiasgf@bi.ku.dk

Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Copenhagen

Øster Farimagsgade 2D, DK–1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark



tor.brandrud@nina.no

Norwegian Institute for Nature Research

P.O. Box 736 Sentrum, N–0105 Oslo, Norway



thomas@stjernegaard.net

Botanical Museum

Gothersgade 130, DK–1123 Copenhagen K, Denmark

Abstract — 

       Cortinarius   



CalochroiFulviLaeticolores

Cortinarius osloensis Cortinarius piceae    Cortinarius

barbaricus        



Cortinarius piceae  Cortinarius

calochrousconiferarum.

Keywords —

Introduction

         Cortinarius

 Phlegmacium  Calochroi  Fulvi  Laeticolores 





    





         

Cortinarius



           

Cortinarius





   





        

  Calochroi       



       



        

         





Material and methods



 



          



    



           

  





         

       











       

  





      

C. osloensis



   

   C. osloensis







           



         

      







   



Taxonomic descriptions

Cortinarius osloensis sp. nov.

Mycobank

Pileo 30–60 mm lato, hemisphaerico, dein plano-convexo, glutinoso, a centro ochraceo-

brunneo, ad marginem ochraceo-luteo, KOH ope sub-nullo. Velo universale sparso,

pallido. Lamellis emarginatis, pallide luteis. Stipite in juventute albido-luteo dein albido,

bulboso, bulbo distincte marginato. Facie externa mycelioque alba, KOH ope nullo. Velo

partiale albido. Caro albida, odor ingratus, KOH ope nullo. Sporis limoniformibus, grosse

verrucosis, 11–12.5 x 6.5–7.5 µm. Typus: NORWAY: Oslo: Bygdøy, Reinsdyrlia, TEB 559–

04 (holotype O, isotype S).

Pileus 

          

        





    

Lamellae





Stipe







           

        

Context



  

 Macrochemical reactions   

     

Smell      

TasteDried material

Extractable pigments        



Spores      



  Basidia    

        Lamella edge

         

Lamella trama         

       

Universal veil 

           

         

        



Pileipellis 



         









         





TramaMycelial strands



   



      



Ecology and distribution     

 Tilia cordataCorylus avellana

 

Tilia cordata

T. cordata

         





Phlegmacium





Specimens studied       

   T.E.B.TEB 559–04   

loc. citT.E.B.TEB 608–04T.E.B.TEB

506–80  T.E.B.TEB 199–82  

 T.E.B.TEB 18–92  loc. cit.    T.E.B.  

 loc. cit. T.E.B.TEB 49–93 loc.cit  

T.E.B.TEB 93–94loc. citT.S.J. & TEB., TSJ2005–026

T.E.B.TEB 268–85loc. cit.

T.E.B.TEB 96–93loc. cit.T.E.B.TEB 41–94loc.

cit.T.E.B.TEB 42–94

CommentsCortinarius osloensis

    

C. calochrous

Cortinarius osloensisC. humolensC. claroﬂavus

C. claroﬂavus

C. humolens

C. osloensis

       

      



Cortinarius humolens

Quercus ilexFagus

sylvatica    C. langeorum      

C. osloensis

C. langeorum



Cortinarius

osloensis C. alcalinophilus     C. olearioides

         



 Phlegmacium

Fulvi C.

osloensis   







           

 C. osloensis    

C. saporatus   C. caroviolaceus     

         C.

pseudoglaucopusC. humolens

C. osloensis

     C. osloensis     

     C. osloensis  C.

humolens Elegantiores C. alcalinophilus

C. elegantiorC. quercus-ilicisC. murellensisC. balearicus C.

olearioidesC. splendiﬁcus



C. osloensisC. humolens

Cortinarius osloensisTilia cordataCorylus

avellanaTiliaTiliaCorylus

C. osloensis

Phlegmacium



C. osloensis

           





C. osloensis



Cortinarius piceae  sp. nov.

Mycobank

Pileo 30–60 mm lato, hemisphaerico, dein plano-convexo, glutinoso, primo luteo, dein a

centro ochraceo-luteo vel brunneo, centro e velo brunneo maculato, KOH ope brunneo. Velo

universale albido-luteo vel luteo-brunneo. Lamellis emarginatis, pallide violaceis. Stipite

in juventute albido dein albido-luteo, bulboso, bulbo distincte marginato. Facie externa

mycelioque alba, KOH ope nullo. Velo partiale albido. Caro albida, odor sub-nullo, KOH

ope nullo. Sporis amygdaliformibus, grosse verrucosis, 9.5-11 x 6-7 µm. Typus: SWEDEN:

Västergötland: Gössäter, TF2004-026 (holotype C).



         

     

Lamellae

Stipe







Context

          

 Macrochemical reactions       



SmellTasteDried material



Spores

       

Basidia   Lamella edge   

Lamella tramaPileipellis

            





Trama

Ecology and distribution — Cortinarius piceae   

       Picea abies 

Abies alba      Cortinarius piceae





Specimens studied      

G. Consiglio, P. Ceccon & S. Pedergnana

T.E.B., T.S.J. & T.F., TF2006-120*

loc. cit.T.E.B., T.S.J. & T.F., TF2006-121*

TSJ2004-006* 

loc.cit.TSJ2004-020*loc. cit.TF2004-025* 

loc. cit.TF2004-026* loc. cit.T.E.B.,

H. Lindström, H. Marklund, J. Melot & S. MuskosCFP508*

Comments —Cortinarius piceae

          

      







      C.

barbarorum C. barbaricus

          





C. piceae



C. piceae        C. dalecarlicus 

         

        

C. barbarorum

C. barbaricus



C. calochrousC. calochrousconiferarum







Phlegmacium calochroumconiferarum.

C. piceae

C. barbarorumC. barbaricus

        



  

C. coniferarumC.

multiformisPhlegmacium multiformisconiferarum

Cortinarius coniferarum 

C. barbarorum

Phlegmacium

calochroumconiferarum



    P.calochroumconiferarum 

C. barbarorum    

        C. piceae    C.

barbarorumC. piceae



Cortinarius homomorphus

    





C. barbarorumC. barbaricusC. piceae



 C. haasii        

C. piceaeC. haasii







C. calochrous  

           

  



     



C. homomorphusC. pansa

  C. barbarorum 

C.

homomorphusC. barbarorum

C. haasii

       C. piceae    



Cortinarius barbaricus  comb. nov.

 Cortinarius calochrous  barbaricus    

CFP504

Comments —



C. barbaricus



C. barbarorum 



C. barbaricus C. barbarorum

            

     C. barbarorum

C. barbaricusC. sulphurinus

C. barbarorum





C. piceae

          





       C. barbaricus    





Acknowledgments

              

           









Literature cited









CortinariusPhlegmaciumFulvi



   Cortinarius  Phlegmacium  Phlegmacium  



CortinariusPhlegmaciumPhlegmacium

 C. argutus



   Cortinarius  Phlegmacium  Fulvi   



Cortinarius





Cortinarius



           

CortinariusAgaricales





Cortinarius

            

PhlegmaciumCortinariusAgaricales



CortinariusAgaricales







 Cortinarius 



       Cortinarius sordidemaculatus

  C. anisatusC. neofurvolaesus

Agaricales

              







          Dermocybe  

Cortinarius         



Cortinarius



Phlegmacium



Cortinarius aureopulverolentus





CortinariusCortinariaceae



RozitesCuphocybeRapacea



    

CortinariusAgaricales

            

Cortinarius  Agaricales      



      Cortinarius  Myxacium 

DeﬁbulatiMyxacium

CORTINARIUS OSLOENSIS: UNA RARA SPECIE DEI BOSCHI DI TIGLIO RINVENUTA IN PROVINCIA DI TRENTO

Article

Sep 2021

Alessandro Fellin

The author reports the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of Cortinarius osloensis, a very rare species considered endemic to the ancient “relict” woods of Tilia cordata confined to south-eastern Norway. The discovery of this species in Trentino-Alto Adige constitutes the first report not only in Italy but also in the countries of southern and western Europe. A morphological description is provided accompanied by photos of the basidiomes and microscopic characters and a phylogenetic analysis of the ITS sequences is presented to correctly place the species within the Humolentes clade. The species similar to Cortinarius osloensis from a morphological as well as a genetic point of view are also discussed and compared.

Enlargement of the knowledge of Cortinarius section Anomali (Agaricales, Basidiomycota): introducing three new species from China

Article

Full-text available

Jun 2023

Cortinarius is a globally distributed agaricoid genus that has been well studied in Europe and America with over 1,000 described species. However, as part of an ongoing effort to investigate the diversity of Cortinarius section Anomali in China, the resource investigation and classification research are still limited, and the species diversity has not been clarified by far. During the re-examination of the Chinese Cortinarius specimens, C. cinnamomeolilacinus, C. subclackamasensis, and C. tropicus, belonging to the sect. Anomali, were described in China as new to science based on morphological examination and phylogenetic analysis. The three new species are described and illustrated in detail according to the Chinese materials. The phylogenetic analysis based on internal transcribed spacer sequences confirmed the placement of the three species in the Cortinarius sect. Anomali clade. Phylogenetically related and morphologically similar species to these three new species are discussed.

Morphological and Phylogenetic Evidence Reveal Five New Telamonioid Species of Cortinarius (Agaricales) from East Asia

Article

Full-text available

Mar 2022
J. Fungi

Five new Cortinarius species, C. neobalaustinus, C. pseudocamphoratus, C. subnymphatus, C. wuliangshanensis and C. yanjiensis spp. nov., are proposed based on a combination of morphological and molecular evidence. Cortinarius neobalaustinus is characterized by a very weakly hygrophanous and yellowish-brown to brown pileus and small and weakly verrucose basidiospores. Cortinarius pseudocamphoratus can be characterized by a viscid pileus, a strongly unpleasant smell, amygdaloid to somewhat ellipsoid basidiospores and lageniform to subfusiform cheilocystidia. Cortinarius subnymphatus is identified by a strongly hygrophanous pileus that is reddish-brown with a black-brown umbo, a yellowish universal veil and ellipsoid to subamygdaloid basidiospores. Cortinarius wuliangshanensis is characterized by a moderately to strongly hygrophanous, translucently striated and yellowish to reddish-brown pileus and rather weakly and moderately verrucose basidiospores. Cortinarius yanjiensis is distinguished by a weakly to moderately hygrophanous and yellowish to brown pileus and moderately to rather strongly verrucose basidiospores. The phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods based on the data set of nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS), D1–D2 domains of nuc 28S rDNA (28S) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2), and the results show that C. neobalaustinus, C. wulianghsanensis and C. yanjiensis cluster in sect. Illumini, C. pseudocamporatus belongs to sect. Camphorati and C. subnymphatus belongs to sect. Laeti. In addition, a study of basidiospores under field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was conducted. An identification key for the five new species and related species from China is also provided.

Cortinarius subsalor and C. tibeticisalor spp. nov., two new species from the section Delibuti from China

Article

Full-text available

Sep 2021

Cortinarius subsalor and C. tibeticisalor, belonging to the section Delibuti, are described from China as new to science. Cortinarius subsalor has been found to be associated with Lithocarpus trees in subtropical China and resembling C. salor, but it differs from the later by having slender basidiomata and the narrower basidiospores. Cortinarius tibeticisalor was collected from eastern Tibetan Plateau, associated with Abies. It differs from other species within sect. Delibuti by having olive tinge of mature or dried basidiomata and bigger basidiospores. The molecular data also support C. subsalor and C. tibeticisalor as new species. The phylogenetic analyses and biogeography of sect. Delibuti are discussed and a key to the species of this section currently known in the world is provided.

Cortinarius khinganensis (Agaricales), a new species of section Illumini from Northeast China

Article

May 2021

This study presents one telamonioid species new to science based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Cortinarius khinganensis was collected from the Greater Khingan Mountains, Northeast China and it is characterized by hygrophanous, vivid brownish red and striate pileus, white universal veil, and subglobose spores. According to phylogenetic analyses results, C. khinganensis belongs to the section Illumini, which is a lineage distantly related from subgenus Telamonia sensu stricto. Detailed descriptions of the new species and the comparisons with morphologically similar species are provided. The phylogenetic relationships within the section Illumini are also discussed.

Fungal diversity notes 1036–1150: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa

Article

Full-text available

Jun 2019

This article is the tenth series of the Fungal Diversity Notes, where 114 taxa distributed in three phyla, ten classes, 30 orders and 53 families are described and illustrated. Taxa described in the present study include one new family (viz. Pseudoberkleasmiaceae in Dothideomycetes), five new genera (Caatingomyces, Cryptoschizotrema, Neoacladium, Paramassaria and Trochilispora) and 71 new species, (viz. Acrogenospora thailandica, Amniculicola aquatica, A. guttulata, Angustimassarina sylvatica, Blackwellomyces lateris, Boubovia gelatinosa, Buellia viridula, Caatingomyces brasiliensis, Calophoma humuli, Camarosporidiella mori, Canalisporium dehongense, Cantharellus brunneopallidus, C. griseotinctus, Castanediella meliponae, Coprinopsis psammophila, Cordyceps succavus, Cortinarius minusculus, C. subscotoides, Diaporthe italiana, D. rumicicola, Diatrypella delonicis, Dictyocheirospora aquadulcis, D. taiwanense, Digitodesmium chiangmaiense, Distoseptispora dehongensis, D. palmarum, Dothiorella styphnolobii, Ellisembia aurea, Falciformispora aquatic, Fomitiporia carpinea, F. lagerstroemiae, Grammothele aurantiaca, G. micropora, Hermatomyces bauhiniae, Jahnula queenslandica, Kamalomyces mangrovei, Lecidella yunnanensis, Micarea squamulosa, Muriphaeosphaeria angustifoliae, Neoacladium indicum, Neodidymelliopsis sambuci, Neosetophoma miscanthi, N. salicis, Nodulosphaeria aquilegiae, N. thalictri, Paramassaria samaneae, Penicillium circulare, P. geumsanense, P. mali-pumilae, P. psychrotrophicum, P. wandoense, Phaeoisaria siamensis, Phaeopoacea asparagicola, Phaeosphaeria penniseti, Plectocarpon galapagoense, Porina sorediata, Pseudoberkleasmium chiangmaiense, Pyrenochaetopsis sinensis, Rhizophydium koreanum, Russula prasina, Sporoschisma chiangraiense, Stigmatomyces chamaemyiae, S. cocksii, S. papei, S. tschirnhausii, S. vikhrevii, Thysanorea uniseptata, Torula breviconidiophora, T. polyseptata, Trochilispora schefflerae and Vaginatispora palmae). Further, twelve new combinations (viz. Cryptoschizotrema cryptotrema, Prolixandromyces australi, P. elongatus, P. falcatus, P. longispinae, P. microveliae, P. neoalardi, P. polhemorum, P. protuberans, P. pseudoveliae, P. tenuistipitis and P. umbonatus), an epitype is chosen for Cantharellus goossensiae, a reference specimen for Acrogenospora sphaerocephala and new synonym Prolixandromyces are designated. Twenty-four new records on new hosts and new geographical distributions are also reported (i.e. Acrostalagmus annulatus, Cantharellus goossensiae, Coprinopsis villosa, Dothiorella plurivora, Dothiorella rhamni, Dothiorella symphoricarposicola, Dictyocheirospora rotunda, Fasciatispora arengae, Grammothele brasiliensis, Lasiodiplodia iraniensis, Lembosia xyliae, Morenoina palmicola, Murispora cicognanii, Neodidymelliopsis farokhinejadii, Neolinocarpon rachidis, Nothophoma quercina, Peroneutypa scoparia, Pestalotiopsis aggestorum, Pilidium concavum, Plagiostoma salicellum, Protofenestella ulmi, Sarocladium kiliense, Tetraploa nagasakiensis and Vaginatispora armatispora).

Cortinarius anaunianus (Agaricales, Cortinariaceae): a new species of the Humolentes clade from Italy

Article

Sep 2021

Cortinarius anaunianus is described as a new species within the Humolentes clade of the section Calochroi s. lato from alpine silver fir forests (Abies alba) in northeastern Italy (Val di Non, province of Trento). Phylogeny based on the combined nrDNA ITS and LSU, rpb1, rpb2 and the coded gaps of the ITS region supports the independence of C. anaunianus from the closest taxa and its sister position to C. humolens from which it differs by (i) more vivid olivaceous tinges on pileus and lamellae when young, (ii) pileus surface strongly turning ocher-brown with age and exposure (iii) growing in silver fir forests rather than in association with broadleaved trees. Photos of fresh basidiomes in field and a full description of its main macro-and micromorphological features are provided and compared to those of the morphologically most similar species.

Cortinarius pseudocisticola (Agaricales, Cortinariaceae), a new species in section Calochroi from Europe

Article

Full-text available

Sep 2021

A new species of Cortinarius sect. Calochroi, C. pseudocisticola from European deciduous forests, is described on the basis of morphological and genetic features. Several collections of the species from the Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary and Italy were studied. Illustrations of fresh basidiomes in situ and of the main macro-and micromorphological features are provided. Its morphological characters are compared to those of the molecularly closest related and most similar species.

Cortinarius lentus (Agaricales, Cortinariaceae), a new species in section Calochroi

Article

Jun 2020

A new species of Cortinarius sect. Calochroi, C. lentus, is described on the basis of morphological and genetic features. It is characterised by a yellow-orange to brown-orange pileus, initially violaceous pink lamellae, a cream to pale yellow universal veil, amygdaliform to almost citriform spores, coarsely verrucose, typically narrow (Qav = 1.9) and habitat preference for chestnut woods on acidophilic soil. It is compared with the closest species from a morphological point of view, in particular with C. leochrous and C. calochrous. In order to assess its relative position within Calochroi, a phylogenetic approach based on RPB1 and ITS regions was performed. The ITS phylogenetic analysis did not resolve the position of C. lentus within sect Calochroi, but in our RPB1 phylogenetic analysis, C. sublilacinopes is closely related.

Cortinarius hildegardiae and C. mariekristinae spp. nov., two new species in the phlegmacioid clade Humolentes (sect. Calochroi s. l.)

Article

Full-text available

Jun 2019
SYDOWIA

Cortinarius hildegardiae and C. mariekristinae are described as new to science. They are phlegmacioid species with more or less yellow pilei, yellow lamellae, and extractable, greenish yellow antraquinonic pigments. They belong to the Humolentes s. l. clade. Cortinarius hildegardiae resembles C. humolens and C. osloensis, but differs from the former in the more vivid greenish yellow pileus margin and veil remnants on bulb margin when young. It differs from its phylogenetic sister species C. osloensis by smaller spores and different habitat and distribution. Cortinarius mariekristinae occupies a sister position to C. humolens, but differs from this and the often co-occurring C. osloensis e.g. by the larger spores. Species descriptions are provided, with emphasis on micromorphological characters. Their phylogenies based on nrDNA ITS sequences are presented.

Cortinarius phylogeny and possible taxonomic implications of ITS rDNA sequences

Article

Full-text available

Jul 2000

Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences of 27 species of Cortinarius representing the subgenera Cortinarius, Dermocybe, Leprocybe, Myxacium, Phlegmacium, Sericeocybe, and Telamonia were studied and compared with ITS rDNA of Rozites caperatus and three outgroup taxa: Gymnopilus sapineus, Hypholoma capnoides, and Tricholoma equestre. With two different gap treatments, the sequence data were used to reconstruct the phylogeny of Cortinarius using maximum parsimony (PAUP). Alternative outlines of the subgenera compiled from literature were used to create phylogenetic constraints which were subjected to parsimony analysis using the ITS data. Unconstrained and constrained parsimony trees were compared using a maximum likelihood method (DNAML/PHYLIP). In the ITS based phylogenies Cortinarius s. 1. was consistetly divided into two lineages, one centered around the members of the subgenus Telamonia, the other comprising the majority of ingroup taxa including Rozites. Because additional data are needed before nomenclatorial changes are considered, we present an outline of what may be regarded as two separate genera, Cortinarius s. s. and “Telamonia.” The status of Rozites will depend on similar future studies.

Cortinarius sordidemaculatus and two new related species, C. anisatus and C. neofurvolaesus, in Fennoscandia (Basidiomycota, Agaricales)

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