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Essai sur les limites de l’espace et du temps
... We Francji zdobył uznanie (m.in. Prix Victor Delbos w roku 1928) za swą książkę napisaną w języku francuskim (Jakubisiak, 1927). Pracował we Francji, a z filozofią polską nawiązał silniejszy kontakt dopiero pod koniec lat 20. ...
... W nowszych opracowaniach inaczej rozkłada się akcenty relacjonując jego poglądy: według Sosnowskiego (2011) zainteresowania Jakubisiaka skierowane były w stronę nauk ścisłych, a Wolak (1993) uznaje go (z pewnymi zastrzeżeniami) za reprezentanta polskiego ruchu neotomistycznego. Abstrahując tutaj od prób całościowej oceny stanowiska Jakubisiaka pozostańmy na konstatacji, że próbował on włączać swą oryginalną koncepcję w nurt filozofii chrześcijańskiej w Polsce, a rozważania nad teorią względności stanowiły dla niego jeden z elementów analizy współczesnej mu nauki i filozofii, który miał posłużyć mu w budowie fundamentalnych pojęć nowej filozofii (Jakubisiak, 1927) oraz w krytyce kantowskiego aprioryzmu (Jakubisiak, 1929;. ...
For more than ten years, the investigations of the Cracow philosophical center , known as the Cracow school of the philosophy of nature, concentrate on the reflection developed in the context of the natural sciences. The beginnings of this style of reflection are of particular importance especially that they are usually connected with the activity of W. Heinrich and M. Straszewski. Newer studies show that the contribution of other figures forming the philosophical community at the end of the 19th century. The goal of the presented paper is to indicate the role of a famous philosopher and historian of philosophy, Fr. Stefan Z. Pawlicki in the origin of the Cracow philosophy of nature. Examples of the meta-philosophical conclusions postulated by Pawlicki will be indicated which despite of the changes in science are considered as valid with small modifications. Also, the 100th anniversary of his death yields another reason to undertake the study of a thinker who exerted a significant influence on the shape of the Cracow scientific community and his role currently remains forgotten.
Keywords: philosophy of nature, history of science, philosophy in science, relations of faith and science, S. Pawlicki, W. Heinrich, M. Straszewski
... Nasza inteligencja uważa konkretne byty za wolne od wszelkiej sprzeczności dlatego właśnie, że bezpośrednio zdaje sobie sprawę, widzi wprost, że nie zmieniają się one w czasie, ani mieszają z sobą w przestrzeni. Ogarniając za jednym zamachem ich przestrzenne i czasowe położenia, oświadcza ona, że te byty są stałe i nieciągłe" (Jakubisiak 1927, wg maszynopisu tłumaczenia Zygmunta Jakimiaka, Archiwum Biblioteki Polskiej w Paryżu, akcesja 3420, teczka 1, 233-234). 16 "Chodziło o to, by dowieść, że umysł nasz nie zajmuje się tylko łączeniem zjawisk, ale ich rozróżnianiem, ich wyborem, w którym decyduje wola, że więc uwaga, myśl, w ostateczności cała postawa człowieka, objawiająca się w pierwszym rzędzie w jego stosunku do Boga, są wynikiem wolnego wyboru. ...
The aim of the article is to answer the question about the Polishness of the philosophy of Father Augustyn Jakubisiak, as well as to indicate possible elements and features of such a way of philosophizing. In order to achieve this goal, more important biographical data of Jakubisiak were presented, and his important intellectual and personal relations were pointed out. Important historical events that had an impact on Jakubisiak's overall thoughts were also presented. The main part of the paper is a discussion of the most important assumptions and statements of the philosophy of the Polish priest, as well as an attempt to assess his contacts with his homeland and Polish philosophy. Taking into account Jakubisiak's interests (August Cieszkowski, Józef Hoene-Wroński, the history of Polish philosophical thought), as well as certain permanent ideas appearing in the history of Polish philosophical, theological and social thought, one should consider that Jakubisiak's thought is indigenously Polish, provided that Christian individualism is considered to be specifically Polish.
Augustyn Jakubisiak (1884-1945), Polish priest, philosopher and theologian, undertook polemics with Jan Łukasiewicz, whom he knew personally. A dispute concerning the so-called logistics (mathematical logic) and its relationship with philosophy developed between the two. The most important arguments were laid out, primarily in the following works: in the case of Jakubisiak, in the book From Scope to Content and in the case of Łukasiewicz, in the texts Logistics and Philosophy and In the Defense of Logistics. Jakubisiak criticized logistics for its anti-metaphysical, anti-theological and anti-religious attitude, which was based on neo-positivist philosophy, and led, in consequence to atheism. He also claimed that one should focus on what is concrete, avoiding idealization and abstraction (meaning the content of concepts, not their scope). Łukasiewicz defended logistics claiming that it possesses its own methods based on intellect, and is also an area of independent knowledge (but not completely detached) from philosophy, due to the fact it can consider the most important philosophical problems such as finiteness and infinity. This dispute, as the researchers identified, basically concerned the reduction of philosophy to the study of language (analytic philosophy) and initiated one of the most important discussions concerning the relationship between philosophy and logic. This debate was crucial because it also concerned questions related to fundamental metaphysical issues (naturalism – supranaturalism, rationalism – irrationalism) and epistemological issues (realism – idealism, boundaries and structure of cognition).
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Polish philosophical thought in exile from the interwar period is still not fully researched. Many thinkers remain forgotten or, for various reasons, ignored in current research. Until recently, this was certainly the case of Father Augustyn Jakubisiak (1884–1945), a Polish priest who worked for the greater part of his life in France, specifically in Paris, where he was permanently associated with the Historical and Literary Society and the Polish Library. Nevertheless, Jakubisiak maintained contacts with the Polish academic community, which was particularly evident in his loud polemic with Jan Łukasiewicz. Studies at Paris universities allowed Jakubisiak to join the bunch of regulars of the French intellectual salon, which included Henri Bergson, Emmanuel Mounier and Jacques Maritain. One of the people who met Jakubisiak in this way and left memories devoted to him was José-Marie Bouchet, a French writer, teacher, traveller, historian and musician – a man of the Renaissance. In 1968 Bouchet was elected an active member of the Historical and Literary Society in Paris, where, since Jakubisiak's death, the archives contain the legacy of the Polish thinker. The text is a translation of Bouchet's memoirs dedicated to Jakubisiak, together with an introduction, commentary and remarks, which are supplemented by photographic material illustrating, among other things, the words of the French intellectual. Bouchet divides his memories into two parts: biographical and theoretical. In the first part he describes his meetings with Jakubisiak and gives lesser known details of his life, as well as the importance of his social and publishing activities. In the second, he refers to Jakubisiak's most significant philosophical and theological concepts (criticism of determinism and indeterminism, the concept of self-determination and an integral place) and makes reference to them with citations from the writings of the Polish priest or his friends. Bouchet pays particularattention to Jakubisiak's recognition of the great value of the human being, which is rooted in the Christian Revelation. The Frenchman opposes Jakubisiak's thought to contemporary extreme individualism and relativism, comparing the Polish thinker to a well-known German theologian, Romano Guardini.
The article is a review of the results of research regarding priest Augustyn Jakubisiak, underwent in the archives of the Polish Library in Paris, that functions at the Société historique et littéraire polonaise. Moreover, I discuss here actual research about life, work and heritage of this polish priest, philosopher and theologian. It turns out that Jakubisiak, during his lifetime, was recognized as an outstanding thinker (he was granted with the French Academy prize for his work about time and space), but not long after passing out, he got forgotten due to the socio-political situation. Given the richness and complexity of his work, let alone its influence on society and intelligentsia on that time, his thought is the one that requires some deep revision, especially in the field of interdisciplinary research.
The question that the present study poses is that if our possibilities of knowledge can be analyzed. The author's critical method did not include some presuppositions that constitute the basis of his system, presuppositions without which the result of his approach is liable to be annulled. It is about the possibility of the " transcendental position " from which his entire work was written and about the origin of the transcendental category system of the intellect. Attention is being paid to the causes and effects of the existence of these uncritical presuppositions on Kant's approach. As far as the causes that determined Kant " to decree " the list of categories as having the respective structure, things appear to be simple enough, this being the consequence of the German philosopher's strong belief in the ultimate form of the sciences, namely Aristotle's Logic, Mathematics, Physics and Anthropology of his time. When it comes to the possibility of a consistent application of the critical method things are different. To make possible the avoidance of the reflexivity of the system of categories, that is, to demonstrate its validity or, to use a concept from the Epistemology of Physics, if this system may be proved to be semantically consistent, it requires much more than a simple assertation of the system. And this proves to be a task as difficult as it is important in the subsequent development of the theory of knowledge.
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