Content uploaded by Dolors Armenteras
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Dolors Armenteras on Oct 11, 2014
Content may be subject to copyright.
A preview of the PDF is not available
Aportes al uso de cobertura de la danta de tierras bajas, Tapirus Terrestris Colombianus Hershkovitz 1954 (Perissodactyla: Tapiridae) en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta en las Cuencas Rio Ancho y Palomino - Norte de Colombia
Abstract and Figures
En la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta se encuentra la danta colombiana, subespecie endémica que presenta una alta vulnerabilidad a la extinción local, debido princi-palmente a la pérdida de hábitat y la cacería. En el presente estudio se evaluó el uso de coberturas de la danta colombiana en las cuencas Río Ancho y Palomino (Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta), mediante el uso de telemetría, seguimiento en campo y análisis de coberturas vegetales. Se encontró que las dantas tienden a permanecer constantemente en los mismos parches, los cuales están conformados por un mo-saico de coberturas de bosque húmedo y vegetación secundaria. Por otra parte, el rango de acción general para la especie mostro ser amplio, respecto a otros rangos calculados para la especie, con áreas cerca a las 200 ha. Este tipo de estimativos son de gran importancia para aportar al conocimiento de la ecología de la especie y determinar cuáles son sus requerimientos de coberturas, información importante para desarrollar acciones de conservación exitosas. Palabras clave: Danta, uso de coberturas, preferencia de coberturas, rango de acción, telemetría.
The Colombian tapir is found in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; it is an endemic subspecies that presents high risk of vulnerability of local extinction, because of habitat loss and hunting. This study assessed the coverage use of the Colombian tapir in the basins of the Ancho and Palomino (Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta)
Figures - uploaded by Dolors Armenteras
Author content
All figure content in this area was uploaded by Dolors Armenteras
Content may be subject to copyright.
... These authors suggested that this population is the northernmost of its distribution and is isolated from other populations. More recently, a monitored individual in Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta was found using preserved or recovering forest mixed with patches of secondary vegetation where its activity was the most frequent (González-D et al. 2014). ...
Twelve species of ungulates are present in Colombia, represented by three species of tapirs, two of peccaries and seven species of deer. A synthesis about the evolutionary and recent history for each of the group is presented, highlighting recent paleontological information for northern South America. Genetic and molecular studies indicate that deer present the greatest uncertainty regarding the number of species and their phylogenetic relationships. By species richness, the Caribbean region, with eight species, is the most diverse, followed by the Andean region with seven, the Orinoquia and Amazonia with six species and finally the Pacific region with four ungulate species. All the species present a greater proportion of their distribution outside protected areas, being two species of Andean ungulates, the mountain tapir (Tapirus pinchaque) and the rabbit deer (Pudu mephistophiles) the only ones reaching 20% of their distribution inside protected areas. Seven species are found in one of the threatened categories of IUCN, in which all species of tapirs are included. Finally, information about hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) and feral pig (Sus scrofa), alien species with wild populations in Colombia, is presented.
... These authors suggested that this population is the northernmost of its distribution and is isolated from other populations. More recently, a monitored individual in Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta was found using preserved or recovering forest mixed with patches of secondary vegetation where its activity was the most frequent (González-D et al. 2014). ...
Los procesos de degradación y fragmentación de los ecosistemas naturales generados a partir de la transformación de la Orinoquía colombiana han alterado la matriz del paisaje, afectando las poblaciones de fauna como consecuencia de la disminución y aislamiento de sus hábitats. Por lo anterior, se propone el diseño de corredores ecológicos para especies de mamíferos como una herramienta de manejo de paisaje para la priorización de áreas de importancia ambiental. Para la elaboración de los corredores se empleó la metodología de rutas de mínimo costo a partir del análisis de resistencia del paisaje y criterios de evaluación mediante el cual se definió el home range para cuatro especies sombrilla. Como resultado se generaron ocho corredores para Tapirus terrestris, Alouatta seniculus, Panthera onca y Pteronura brasiliensis, con los cuales se fomenta la conectividad estructural del paisaje entre áreas de interés ambiental y áreas del Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas (SINAP) en los departamentos de Casanare y Arauca.
The lowland tapir is Endangered in Argentina. In Tucumán (Argentinean northwest) it was extinguished since the 40´s. In the Horco Molle Experimental Reservation (REHM, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales -Universidad Nacional de Tucumán) there are being carried out ecoethological studies of tapir in semicaptivity conditions. The aims are to manage and to reintroduce the tapir in Tucumán. In the REHM we have seven tapirs in a fence of 0,24 km 2 , where there are differents secondary enviroment of Premontane Forest and one dam, with is important for reproduction and defecation. The Trophic spectre in the fence include 43 species. The analysis of the diet inside the fence had special importance, since the extinction of the tapir in Tucumán is associated to the degradation of the Premontane Forest. The REHM protect one of the last vestiges of Premontane Forest in Tucumán. Under these conditions, from 1995 to the present, 5 tapirs were born (two generations). The oldest female had four breedings (one each 15 months), with a reproductive rate 50% higher than the one observed in nature. The youngest female that had breeding, reached her sexual maturity at 24 months old. The sexual maturity of one of the three males, was reached at 50 months old (the remaining ones are immature). The females with breedings are isolated in a fence of 0,03 Km 2 . The ethological studies determined numerous vocalizations whose correct interpretation facilitates the management of these animals. The status of the Tapir in Argentina is sumarized. INTRODUCCIÓN El tapir (Tapirus terrestris) en Argentina, al igual que la mayoría de los grandes mamíferos autóctonos, ha sufrido un acelerado retroceso numérico y espacial en el siglo XX (Roig, 1988). En Argentina, esta especie es considerada En Peligro (García Fernández et al., 1997) y se infiere, estimativamente, una retracción de más del 60% de su área de distribución histórica (Mapa). En tal sentido, las estimaciones más pesimistas sobre su estatus poblacional, llegaron a postular que el total de individuos en Argentina no superaría los 70 -100 ejemplares (Olrog, 1980). Históricamente, hasta hace unos 150 -200 años, su distribución comprendía las provincias de Formosa, Chaco y Misiones, el Este de Jujuy, centro y Este de Salta, centro y Este de Tucumán, centro y Norte de Santiago del Estero, Norte de Santa Fe, Corrientes y probablemente el Norte de Entre Ríos. En dicho lapso, el tapir ha desapareció totalmente en Tucumán en la década del '40 debido a la caza y destrucción de su hábitat (García, 1972), especialmente la ecoregión de Selvas Pedemontanas (sensu Vides Almonacid et al., 1998). Muy probablemente, se encuentre desaparecido en las provincias de Corrientes donde el último avistaje ocurrió en 1974 en el
We Studied the habitat use. activity patterns and use of mineral licks by five species of Amazonian ungulate using data from four 60-d camera trap surveys at two different sites in the lowland rain forest of Madre de Dios, Peru. Camera traps were set out in two regular grids with 40 and 43 camera stations covering an area of 50 and 65 km(2), as well its at five mineral licks. Using occupancy, analysis we tested the hypothesis that species are spatially separated. The results showed that the grey brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubria) occurred almost exclusively in terra firme forests, and that the while-lipped peccary (Tayussu pecari) used floodplain forest more frequently during some surveys. All other species showed no habitat preference and we did not lind any spatial avoidance of species. The white-lipped peccary, the Collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) as well its the grey brocket deer were strictly diurnal while the lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris) was nocuturnal. The red brocket deer (Mazama americana) was active day and night. The tapir was the species With the highest number of visits to mineral licks (average 52.8 visits per 100 d) followed by the white-lipped peccary (average 16.1 visits per 100 d) and the red brocket deer (average 17.1 visits per 100 d). The collared peccary was only recorded on three occasions and the grey brocket deer was never seen at a lick. Our results suggest that resource partitioning takes place mainly at the diet level and less at it spatial level: however. differences in small-scale habitat use are still possible.
En este estudio se determinan algunos aspectos de distribución y disponibilidad de hábitat para la subespecie Tapirus terrestris colombianus en el noreste de Antioquia, ubicado en las tierras bajas del norte de la Cordillera Central en Colombia. Los resultados confirman la presencia de la subespecie en 20 nuevas localidades. La disponibilidad de hábitat fue estimada al ubicar los registros en imágenes de cobertura vegetal, siendo el bosque primario la vegetación predominante en esta área, seguido por rastrojo.
A statistical technique evaluating preference or avoidance of a given habitat or forage species is presented, using moose (Alces alces) distribution patterns in an area including the Little Sioux Burn of northeastern Minnesota as an example. The technique is used in conjunction with a chi-square analysis, after the chi-square has led to the rejection of the null hypothesis that a set of observations follows an "expected" occurrence pattern. The technique involves the use of a Bonferroni z statistic which may be used in estimating whether a specific observation occurs more or less frequently than expected. The technique provides a refinement of quantitative methods which heretofore have not been used to test a multinomial distribution applicable to the example.
Wildlife-Habitat Relationships goes beyond introductory wildlife biology texts to provide wildlife professionals and students with an understanding of the importance of habitat relationships in studying and managing wildlife. The book offers a unique synthesis and critical evaluation of data, methods, and studies, along with specific guidance on how to conduct rigorous studies. Now in its third edition, Wildlife-Habitat Relationships combines basic field zoology and natural history, evolutionary biology, ecological theory, and quantitative tools in explaining ecological processes and their influence on wildlife and habitats. Also included is a glossary of terms that every wildlife professional should know. Michael L. Morrison is professor and Caesar Kleberg Chair in Wildlife Ecology and Conservation in the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences at Texas A&M University in College Station. Bruce G. Marcot is wildlife ecologist with the USDA Forest Service in Portland, Oregon. R. William Mannan is professor of wildlife ecology at the University of Arizona in Tucson.
Logging and the building of roads through forests results in their fragmentation. Around the perimeter of each forest fragment is an edge where ecological changes start to take place. Eventually, the edge effect leads to recession of the forest edges and diminution of the fragment until it disappears. As [Gascon and colleagues][1] explain in their Perspective, this worrying trend is a particular problem in tropical forests. The authors propose ways in which conservationists can prevent the loss of forest fragments (which are often protected areas surrounded by agricultural land) through carefully thought out conservation planning and management schemes.
[1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/288/5470/1356
The chi2 goodness-of-fit test is commonly used for testing if animals use resources in proportion to availability. This method assumes independence of resource selection among animals. In reality, this assumption is violated if animals display antisocial or gregarious behavior. Data from a study of sharp-tailed grouse in eastern Washington suggested some dependency among observations. Realizing that this dependency can have a great influence on inference for resource selection data, we develop a technique to incorporate information on dependent observations through a simple adjustment of the usual goodness-of-fit statistic. We also demonstrate how confidence intervals on proportional use may be modified for dependent observations. Simulation is used to compare our method to other methods.
-La conservación biológica y su perspectiva evolutiva
MONTENEGRO, O., 2009.-La conservación biológica y su perspectiva evolutiva. Acta biol. Colomb., Vol.
14 S, 2009 255 – 268
-Cobertura vegetal escala 1:100
- Fundación Prosierra
- Nevada De
FUNDACIÓN PROSIERRA NEVADA DE SANTA MARTA., 2010.-Cobertura vegetal escala 1:100.000