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Total phenolics and antioxidant activity of Tridax procumbens Linn
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Traditional medicinal plant, Tridax procumbens was analyzed for reducing power ability as an antioxidant using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and for total phenolics using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The results of the analysis show that T. procumbens has a percentage antioxidant activity (AA %) of 96.70 which was observed to be higher than those of gallic (92.92%) and ascorbic acids (94.81%) used as standards. The reductive potential determination shows that T. procumbens has a very significant reductive potential of 0.89 nm at the same concentration with gallic acid whose reductive potential was 0.99 nm. The total phenolic determination shows that T. procumbens has a phenolic content of 12 mg/g GAE. The results of this analysis revealed the fact that plants are rich sources of natural antioxidant.
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... The sample's aqueous extract also exhibited higher antioxidant power than the standard (garlic) used at various concentrations. Similar trends were reported by [36,37] in their work. The phenolic content of the leaf was slightly higher than the equal amount of the standard used. ...
... The sample's aqueous extract also showed higher antioxidant power than the standard (ascorbic acid) used at various concentrations. The ferric-reducing antioxidant power obtained in this study agrees with what was reported by [37]. ...
Several studies have mainly focused primarily on seeking promising ways to solve major human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neuro-degenerative disease. In the quest for new antimicrobial and modifications of existing ones, interestingly, medicinal plants have emerged as the preferred and safest source of various medicines, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Plants and their bio-active compounds hold potential as antimicrobial agents to combat these diseases and are pioneers in the discovery of new medicines. Tridax procumbens is a highly promising species that produces secondary metabolites that have been reported to possess a variety of medicinal uses, including anti-anemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anesthetic properties. This species has a long history of traditional use by different communities. This study aimed to investigate the medicinal properties of phytochemicals constituents and other biochemical components. The phytochemical screening, Vitamin C content antioxidants and antimicrobial properties as well as green synthesis of three metallic nanoparticles of the Tridax procumbens leaf extracts were determined using standard analytical procedures. The extracts of the leaves was found to contain medicinal important phytochemical constitutes; strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The metallic nanoparticles were characterized with FTIR peaks around 4000, 3705, 2777, 1800, 1500 cm-1for AgNP, CuNP and ZnNP. Both the plant extracts and all the nanoparticles exhibited maximum inhibitory activity against the tested pathogens. Based on the results obtained in this study, this species could potentially serve as an effective, safe, and affordable source of treatment of certain ailments and drug development against major human diseases that pose threats worldwide.
... Vitamin C, a synthetic antioxidant, has been reported to attenuate chronic variable stressinduced ED 14 . Several reports have shown that Tridax procumbens has potent antioxidant properties [15][16][17][18] . Tridax procumbens leaf extract has shown potential in attenuating erectile dysfunction in experimental hypertensive and paroxetine-induced rats. ...
... Tridax procumbens is known to be rich in naturally occurring antioxidants, such as poly phenols and flavonoids, which are anti-oxidative in nature. Habilah et al. 15 previously observed that Tridax procumbens antioxidant activity was about 96.70% when compared to the 94.81% of vitamin C and 92.92% of garlic. Interestingly, the protective potential described for EETP above may help explain the modulatory effect of EETP supplementation on the impaired contractile mechanism of the CVS-exposed group in this study. ...
Introduction: The role of Tridax procumbens leaf extract in erectile dysfunction (ED) of chronic variable stress (CVS) etiology is unknown. This study investigates the potential of the ethanol fraction of Tridax procumbens leaf (EETP) in modulation of CVS-induced ED. Methods: Twenty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups of five rats each. Groups 1 & 2 (without stress) were treated with normal saline (vehicle) and 100 mg/kg of EETP, respectively. Groups 3-5 were treated as stress groups, with Group 3 co-treated with 100 mg/kg of EETP, and group 4 co-treated with vitamin C (7 mg/kg). Treatments were administered by oral gavage once daily for seven weeks. Ox-idative biomarkers, cortisol, testosterone, and sperm parameters were determined, as well as the contractile mechanism of the corpus cavernosa to cumulative doses of calcium chloride, potassium chloride, acetylcholine, and sodium nitroprusside. Furthermore, the contractile mechanism was also determined after incubation in acetovanillone, nicorandil, methyl blue, and glibenclamide. Results: Serum cortisol was significantly reduced, while testosterone was significantly increased in the EETP supplemented groups when compared to the CVS-only exposed group. Furthermore, malonaldehyde activity was decreased while superoxide dismutase concentration was increased in the EETP-and vitamin C-supplemented groups when compared to the CVS-only exposed group. Contraction (%) responses to calcium chloride and potassium chloride were also significantly reduced in the CVS-only exposed group when compared to the EETP-supplemented groups. The relaxation responses (%) to acetylcholine and SNP were significantly increased in the CVS group supplemented with EETP and vitamin C when compared to the CVS-only exposed group. The incubation of the cavernosa tissues in acetovanillone and nicorandil resulted in increased relaxation (%) in the CVS-only group, while incubation in glibenclamide caused increased relaxation in the EETP-supplemented groups compared to CVS-only exposed group. Sperm motility (%) was significantly reduced while abnormal spermatozoa was increased in the CVS-only exposed group when compared to the groups supplemented with EETP and Vitamin C. Conclusion: Variable stress-induced dysfunctions in erectile mechanism were attenuated through supplementation with EETP.
... The total antioxidant contents of EO were evaluated by following the FRAP assay with minor modifications (Habila et al. 2010). This method was employed, involving the addition of 1 mL of each oil to a solution of 2.3 mL of 2.5 mL of 1% w/v potassium ferricyanide and pH 6.6 phosphate buffer (0.2 M). ...
Foeniculum vulgare Miller is a highly valued aromatic and nutritious plant. The unique compositions of its essential oil make it more valuable in the flavor, fragrance, and medicinal industries. However, the potential of superheated steam distillation for obtaining essential oils from its seeds has not been explored in detail. This study assessed the composition, yield, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of essential oils distilled from F. vulgare seeds using traditional hydrodistillation, steam distillation, and superheated steam distillation. Superheated steam distillation resulted in the maximum quantity of essential oil (5.24%) compared to steam (3.47%) and hydrodistillation (2.47%). Trans-anethole, fenchone, estragole, and limonene were the main identified by GC-MS analysis in the essential oils, and these compounds were abundant in the essential oil produced by super-heated steam distillation. Essential oil distilled by superheated steam distillation presented the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pastrulla multocida, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli. The highest antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Fusarium solani, Aspergillus flavus, and Alternaria alternate was also demonstrated by the same essential oil. These findings demonstrated the potential of superheated steam distillation as a highly effective and efficient technique for distilling high-quality essential oils from Foeniculum vulgare Miller seeds. It is suitable for various applications in the food, cosmetic , and pharmaceutical industries. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
... The total antioxidant contents of EO were evaluated by following the FRAP assay with minor modifications (Habila et al. 2010). This method was employed, involving the addition of 1 mL of each oil to a solution of 2.3 mL of 2.5 mL of 1% w/v potassium ferricyanide and pH 6.6 phosphate buffer (0.2 M). ...
Foeniculum vulgare Miller is a highly valued aromatic and nutritious plant. The unique compositions of its essential oil make it more valuable in the flavor, fragrance, and medicinal industries. However, the potential of superheated steam distillation for obtaining essential oils from its seeds has not been explored in detail. This study assessed the composition, yield, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of essential oils distilled from F. vulgare seeds using traditional hydrodistillation, steam distillation, and superheated steam distillation. Superheated steam distillation resulted in the maximum quantity of essential oil (5.24%) compared to steam (3.47%) and hydrodistillation (2.47%). Trans‐anethole, fenchone, estragole, and limonene were the main identified by GC–MS analysis in the essential oils, and these compounds were abundant in the essential oil produced by superheated steam distillation. Essential oil distilled by superheated steam distillation presented the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pastrulla multocida, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli. The highest antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Fusarium solani, Aspergillus flavus, and Alternaria alternate was also demonstrated by the same essential oil. These findings demonstrated the potential of superheated steam distillation as a highly effective and efficient technique for distilling high‐quality essential oils from Foeniculum vulgare Miller seeds. It is suitable for various applications in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
... Bien que l'activité antioxydante ne soit pas intimement liée à la teneur en antioxydants, néanmoins la teneur en antioxydants demeure un indice de l'activité antioxydante. Habila et al. a montré qu'à une concentration de 250 µg / mL, l'extrait éthanolique des feuilles de Tridax procumbens a présenté une activité antioxydante sur le DPPH avec un taux de 96,70 % de réduction des radicaux [25]. La forte teneur en antioxydants dans l'extrait méthanolique pourrait justifier le fort taux de réduction des radicaux. ...
... Total Phenolic Content: The total phenolics in the samples were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu method (Habila J D ., et al.;2010). To each sample solution (1.0 ml) and the standard (gallic acid) was added 5 ml of folin-ciocalteu (sigma-aldrich) and 4 ml sodium carbonate (7% w/v) and shaken. ...
Fruits and vegetables are the prominent source of various nutrients as well as phytochemicals. Due to their higher water activity, they are prone to deterioration.The present study was conducted to prepare freeze dried powder mix of Watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris) and Tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill).Freeze drying or lyophilization is a method of food dehydration to make high quality food products without altering their colour, texture, flavour and nutritive contents. In this study, the phytochemical (qualitative and quantitative),microbiological and antioxidant capacity and lycopene content have been evaluated. For this analysis the variations of 10%,20%,30%,40% and 50% were prepared. Result shows a gradual increase in TPC, antioxidant capacity and lycopene content. The microbiological (bacterial and fungal) load for each variation was found to be constant for 45 days during 15 days interval.
Tridax procumbens L. is a leafy herb commonly used in different traditional treatments in many countries including Yemen. The main aim of the present study is evaluating some specific biological activities (antibacterial, antiradical, wound healing potential and stop-bleeding effect) of methanolic (MeOH) extract of T. procumbens leaves collected from Yemen. Antibacterial effect was examined by paper disc diffusion method against different bacterial species, antioxidant was evaluated in vitro against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, wound healing and stop-bleeding were evaluated in experimental animals. Phytochemicals were screened by qualitative standard methods. Results showed that, MeOH extract of T. procumbens exhibited a strong anti-DPPH radical effect with IC50 value 151.23 µg/mL. Antibacterial activity was only observed against Klebsiella pneumoniae with the highest inhibition zone 16 mm by 100 mg/mL of extract. Treatment applications with different concentrations used of MeOH extract showed completely healing for wounds on the 11 th day of treatment and reduced time of bleeding by 50% compare to control (P<0.05). Major secondary phytochemicals were detected in MeOH extract of T. procumbens. The obtained results in this study indicated that, T. procumbens could be used as a natural source for many forms of pharmacological preparations. Further clinical and toxicological studies are recommended.
The Cardiovascular effects of aqueous extract from the leaf of Tridax procumbens were investigated on anaesthetized Sprague-Dawley rat. The intravenous administration of 3, 6, and 9mg/Kg of the aqueous extract caused significant decreases in the mean arterial bloodpressure in a dose-related manner; i.e. the extract caused greater decrease in the mean arterial blood pressure at higher dose than at lower dose. Also, higher doses of the extract-6mg/Kg and 9mg/Kg caused significant reductions in the heart rate while lower dose of theextract- 3mg/Kg did not cause any significant change in the heart rate. The hypotensive and the bradycardiac effects were immediate. The hypotensive effect of Tridax procumbens was inhibited by the pretreatment of the animal with atropine sulfate (1mg/kg). These results therefore seem to support the claim that the leaves of Tridax procumbens has hypotensive effect and that the mechanism of its action is possibly through activation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors.
The mineral composition of three Nigerian medicinal plants (Acalypha wilkesiana, Chromolaena odorata, and Tridax procumbens) was investigated. Our result shows that C. odorata is comparatively richer in minerals than the other two plants, with moderately high calcium, iron, and sodium content. Only calcium and sodium were found in moderately high concentrations in Acalypha wilkesiana, while all the eight minerals analyzed, were found only in low concentrations in T. procumbens. However, the relative proportion of the minerals were greatly improved by dehydration or drying, especially in the case of T. procumbens.
The vitamin composition of three Nigerian medicinal plants (Acalypha wilkesiana, Chromolaena odorata, and Tridax procumbens) was investigated. Our result shows that C. odorata is comparatively richer in vitamins than the other two plants, with very high biotin, ascorbic acid, and vitamin K content. Only biotin and ascorbic acid were found in high concentrations in Acalypha wilkesiana, while all the eleven vitamins analyzed, were found only in low concentrations in T. procumbens. However, the relative proportion of the vitamins were greatly improved by dehydration or drying, especially in the case of T. procumbens. (Keywords: Acalypha wilkesiana, Chromolaena odorata, Tridax procumbens, vitamin composition).
Extracts from the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum were investigated for phytochemical constituent and antioxidant activity. Tests for tannins, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides were positive in both methanolic and aqueous extracts. The methanolic extract of O. gratissimum had a DPPH scavenging activity of 84.6% at 250 µg/ml and a reductive potential of 0.77 at 100 µg/ml. These values were comparable with those of gallic acid, 91.4% at 250 µg/ml and ascorbic acid, 0.79 at 60 µg/ml as standards for DPPH scavenging activity and reductive potential, respectively. These findings suggest that the rich phytochemical content of O. gratissimum and its good antioxidant activity may be responsible for its popular and wide traditional use.
The distribution of total phenolics and main betacyanins in red beetroot (Beta vulgaris) root was determined. Also, the subsequent effects of cold storage on the content of total phenolics, main betacyanins (betanin and isobetanin), and the main known ferulic acid ester (β-d-fructofuranosyl-α-d-(6-O-(E)-feruloylglucopyranoside) were determined in the peel, which is the root part containing the largest amount of total phenolics. The content of total phenolics in the red beetroot water extracts was determined according to a modification of the Folin−Ciocalteu method and expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE). The compounds of interest were identified by HPLC−ESI−MS and NMR techniques, and the contents of compounds were determined by HLPC analyses. The total phenolic contents in various root parts were found to decrease in the order peel, crown, flesh. Significant differences in the contents of total phenolics and individual compounds were found when the effect of cold storage (5 °C, 0−196 days) on the constituents of the peel from intact roots was examined. In addition to the betacyanins of red beetroot peel found in our earlier study, tentative identifications of betanidin and feruloylamaranthin were made. Keywords: Beta vulgaris; red beetroot; phenolics; betacyanins; distribution of phenolics; distribution of betacyanins; effect of cold storage
Antioxidant-rich fractions were extracted from grape seeds (Vitis vinifera) using various solvents, such as acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol and mixtures of different solvents, such as ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and water in 9:1, 17:3 and 4:1 ratios. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using a β-carotene-linoleate model system and linoleic acid peroxidation method. At 100 ppm concentration, various extracts showed 65–90% antioxidant activity. Mixtures of EtOAc and water at different concentrations exhibited more antioxidant activity than other extracts. These extracts also showed good reducing power, at 500 μg/ml concentration, by the potassium ferricyanide reduction method. Grape seed extracts may be exploitable for the preservation of food products as well as for health supplements and nutraceuticals.
The relative antioxidant activities, against radicals generated in the aqueous phase, of a range of plant-derived polyphenolic flavonoids, constituents of fruit, vegetables, tea and wine, have been assessed. The results show that compounds such as quercetin and cyanidin, with 3',4' dihydroxy substituents in the B ring and conjugation between the A and B rings, have antioxidant potentials four times that of Trolox, the vitamin E analogue. Removing the ortho-dihydroxy substitution, as in kaempferol, or the potential for electron delocalisation by reducing the 2,3 double bond in the C ring, as in catechin and epicatechin, decreases the antioxidant activity by more than 50%, but these structures are still more effective than alpha-tocopherol or ascorbate. The relative significance of the positions and extents of hydroxylation of the A and B rings to the total antioxidant activity of these plant polyphenolics is demonstrated.
The antioxidative activity of a total of 92 phenolic extracts from edible and nonedible plant materials (berries, fruits, vegetables, herbs, cereals, tree materials, plant sprouts, and seeds) was examined by autoxidation of methyl linoleate. The content of total phenolics in the extracts was determined spectrometrically according to the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure and calculated as gallic acid equivalents (GAE). Among edible plant materials, remarkable high antioxidant activity and high total phenolic content (GAE > 20 mg/g) were found in berries, especially aronia and crowberry. Apple extracts (two varieties) showed also strong antioxidant activity even though the total phenolic contents were low (GAE < 12.1 mg/g). Among nonedible plant materials, high activities were found in tree materials, especially in willow bark, spruce needles, pine bark and cork, and birch phloem, and in some medicinal plants including heather, bog-rosemary, willow herb, and meadowsweet. In addition, potato peel and beetroot peel extracts showed strong antioxidant effects. To utilize these significant sources of natural antioxidants, further characterization of the phenolic composition is needed.
Brazilian plant extracts belonging to 16 species of 5 different families (71 extracts) were tested against the stable DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) free-radical. The ability to scavenge DPPH radical was measured in these experiments by the discoloration of the solution. Ginkgo biloba and rutin, commonly used as antioxidants for medical purposes, were used as standards. Based on our results, we can say that as a general rule the ethanol extracts of plants belonging to the Verbenaceae family showed lower EC(50) values than the other plant extracts. Among the partitions, the more polar ones (ethyl acetate and n-butanol) are those that generally have higher antioxidant activity (AA).
The 70% aqueous acetone extracts of ten Taiwanese native plants were evaluated by various antioxidant assays, including 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl (.OH) radicals, and reducing power assay. In the present study, extracts of Acer buerferianum var. formosanum, Cleyera japonica var. morii, Cyclobalanopsis stenophylla var. stenophylloides, and Machilus zuihoensis exhibited stronger activity against DPPH radicals, and their IC50 values ranged from 5.4 to 8.3 microg/ml. The ten selected extracts effectively inhibited the formation of .OH generated in the Fenton reaction system. Among the extracts whose reducing power activities were determined, A. buerferianum var. formosanum, C. japonica var. morii, C. stenophylla var. stenophylloides, Eriobotrya deflex, and M. zuihoensis showed high activity. The results indicate the 70% aqueous acetone extracts of A. buerferianum var. formosanum, C. japonica var. morii, C. stenophylla var. stenophylloides, and M. zuihoensis with great potency in these assay systems and may be candidates for the development of natural antioxidants.