... Over the decades, published effi cacy testing on active ingredients includes dozens of insecticides (Smith, 1930;Mallis, 1945;Snyder, 1950;Ebeling and Wagner, 1959a,b;Ebeling, 1975;Scheffrahn et al., 1979;Rust and Scheffrahn, 1982;Moein and Farrag, 1997;Scheffrahn et al., 1979Scheffrahn et al., , 1997aThoms, 2000;Ferster et al., 2001;Lewis and Power, 2004;Lewis et al., 2005;Woodrow et al., 2006;Woodrow and Grace, 2007;Lewis, 2009b;Lewis and Rust, 2009;Rust and Venturina, 2009;Lewis et al., 2011;Hickman and Forschler, 2012). Remedial interventions that involve insecticidal foam formu lations applied using subsurface injection have been examined in conjunction with detection equipment (Lewis and Rust, 2009;Rust and Venturina, 2009;Lewis et al., 2011;Hickman and Forschler, 2012), although the practice of foaming wall voids as a preventative intervention strategy needs additional research. At least one essential oil (containing D-limonene) is commercially available for local, remedial treatments (Lewis and Rust, 2009;Rust and Venturina, 2009;. ...