Having participated in the re-discovery in Montréal of seven nearly unpublished anthropomorphic figurines from the caves of Grimaldi (Liguria, Italy), the authors present a description and analysis that reunites these seven pieces from thejullien collection with those from the musée des Antiquités nationales at Saint-Germain-en-Laye. They attempt a seriation that yields a provisional chronology within the total collection of statuettes. They then seek an explanation for the statuettes which takes into account the cultural context of their fabrication, use and disposal. With the judicious use of ethnographic analogies, they hypothesize that these objects were used by women to ensure safe completion of pregnancies and safe deliveries of infants, rather than to ensure fertility.