Stress occurs when situational demands exceed the individual's ability. Stress is a major cause of disability due to its detrimental effects on executive functions and its complications on psychological and physical health. Our multidisciplinary approach is in line with recent works seeking the impacts, remediation tools, and stress-related individual sensitivities. The first aim of this thesis was to determine the impact of acute stress on motor imagery ability (studies 1,2). Our results showed a deterioration of implicit motor imagery abilities following a stressful event and a maintenance of explicit abilities both during and following stress. The 2nd goal of our work was to characterize the stress anticipation period by developing a new tool: the Trier Social Anticipatory Stress test. While few interventions are designed to deal with acute stress, the usual treatment of chronic stress mainly relies on medication and behavioral therapies. These treatments can elicit side effects, resistance and poor adherence. It is therefore necessary to find non-invasive alternatives. The 3rd main was thus to explore several stress remediation techniques (studies 3,4,5,6). We compared the effectiveness of four coping techniques administered during an anticipatory stress period: relaxing breathing (BREATHING), cardiac biofeedback (BFB), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex cerebral stimulation (TDCS), cardiac biofeedback paired with tDCS (BFB + TDCS). These techniques were explored in the laboratory (studies 3,4) or during a medical occupational stress (critical care simulation) (studies 5,6,7). Our results indicate that the interventions have specific psychophysiological and behavioral effects. With the exception of tDCS, they are all effective for reducing stress. Compared to a control condition, 5 min of BREATHING increases subjective and objective relaxation during anticipation (studies 5,6), when breathing is paired with a BFB, a significantly greater increase is observed (studies 6). Compared to a control condition, 15 min of BFB increase heart rate variability and reduce the global feeling of stress (studies 3,4). The additional tCDS potentiates BFB effects, inducing immediate relaxation and a greater reduction in overall stress (studies 4). Concerning performance, BREATH and BFB improve subjective feelings of performance (studies 3,4,6). While some of our studies objectivate this increase in performance (studies 5,4), others show no difference with the control group (studies 3,6). When individuals baseline level is considered, the positive impact of BFB on executive functions is confirmed (studies 4). These results make it possible to envisage the implementation of large-scale stress remediation techniques, although stress responses remain subjected to inter-individual variability. Thus, the 4th goal was to evaluate the influence of personality on stress sensitivity and the effectiveness of emotional management techniques (studies 7). Our results show that neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness are important traits to consider. Our studies demonstrate, for the first time, the interest of very short duration proactive interventions, to prevent psychophysiological responses (BFB + STCC > BFB > BREATH) and cognitive deteriorations (BFB) which are frequently observed during acute stress. This work offers fruitful perspectives in preventive and individualized treatment of stress-related diseases.