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Effects of increased noise stringencies on fleet Effects of increased noise stringencies on fleet Effects of increased noise stringencies on fleet Effects of increased noise stringencies on fleet composition and noise exposure at Schiphol composition and noise exposure at Schiphol composition and noise exposure at Schiphol composition and noise exposure at Schiphol Airport Airport Airport Airport
... For each aircraft type, the fleet exposure level was calculated using the formula below, after determining the number of air transport movements (atms) required by each type of aircraft to transport a certain volume of passengers. The formula used was: Where L fleet is the fleet noise exposure; n cat is the number of aircraft movements (including time-of-day weightings, which here is not accounted for) for an aircraft type (here, only one aircraft type is assumed in each calculation); and L ave is the average of the three noise certification levels for an aircraft type (Busink, 2001). Rewriting the above formula and assuming n flights of one aircraft type for each calculation yields: L fleet = L ave +10log (n). ...
One of the main outcomes of open skies policies is the importance of service frequency in the competition between airlines. To keep load factors high while offering high frequency service, airlines tend to reduce the size of the aircraft used. On short-haul routes this phenomenon is even more apparent, especially on routes between hub airports, even though these routes and airports are often congested. This choice of service frequency and aircraft size must have important environmental consequences that this paper aims to evaluate and quantify. The analysis considers local air pollution, climate change and noise impacts and aims to evaluate whether the competitive environment that drives airlines to offer high frequency service carries an environmental penalty. The analysis showed that increasing aircraft size and adjusting the service frequency to offer similar seating capacity will increase local pollution but decrease climate change impact and noise pollution. When local pollution and climate change impacts are monetized and aggregated the analysis showed that environmental benefits will result from increasing aircraft size. But these benefits, in monetary terms, were found to be relatively small and sensitive to the assumptions made.
Lärmliste S: Strahlflugzeuge
- Luftfahrtbundesamt
Luftfahrtbundesamt, "Lärmliste S: Strahlflugzeuge", 2000 (www.lba.de).