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Data on the Geographic Distribution of Sesiidae (Lepidoptera) in Turkey
Abstract
Detailed distributional data based on material collected and observations made on Sesiidae predominantly in eastern Turkey from 2001 to 2006, are presented. Special attention is paid to species that are endangered and should get the "Red List" status. In particular two species, Pyropteron cirgisa (BARTEL 1912) and Chamaesphecia palustris KAUTZ 1927 were found to be critically endangered and urgent measures to protect their habitats are proposed. Where suitable, the agro-economical importance of some species is discussed. Two species, Pyropteron atypica KALLIES & ŠPATENKA 2003 and Dipchasphecia consobrina (LE CERF 1938), are recorded for the Turkish fauna for the first time. Synanthedon armeniaca GORBUNOV 1991 is here introduced as a new synonym of Synanthedon myopaeformis (BORKHAUSEN 1789). Bembecia mira GORBUNOV & ŠPATENKA 2001 as a new synonym of Bembecia scopigera (SCOPOLI 1763) and Bembecia zuvandica GORBUNOV 1987 as a new synonym of Bembecia apyra (LE CERF 1937). Finally, the taxon transcaucasica (STAUDINGER 1891) is here regarded a subspecies of Bembecia sanguinolenta (LEDERER 1853) (stat.nov.) while turcmena (BARTEL 1912) is considered a subspecies of Bembecia pontica (STAUDINGER 1891) (stat. rev.).
... Distribution. This subspecies appears to be isolated from the nominal subspecies and distributed along the Taurus Mts of Southern Turkey and in Cyprus (Špatenka et al. 1999, Garrevoet et al. 2007, Bartsch 2004). We are not aware of a wider distribution in western Turkey. ...
... Distribution. South-eastern Bulgaria and northern Turkey (Laštůvka & Laštůvka 1995, 2001, Špatenka et al. 1999, Garrevoet et al. 2007, our own findings). This species is closely related to P. mannii, but significantly larger. ...
... Distribution. South-east Turkey (Hakkari), north, west and central Iran (Kallies & Špatenka 2003, Garrevoet et al. 2007. ...
Monograph A molecular phylogeny and revision of the genus Pyropteron Newman, 1832 (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae) reveals unexpected diversity and frequent hostplant switch as a driver of speciation
... Distribution. This subspecies appears to be isolated from the nominal subspecies and distributed along the Taurus Mts of Southern Turkey and in Cyprus (Špatenka et al. 1999, Garrevoet et al. 2007, Bartsch 2004). We are not aware of a wider distribution in western Turkey. ...
... Distribution. South-eastern Bulgaria and northern Turkey (Laštůvka & Laštůvka 1995, 2001, Špatenka et al. 1999, Garrevoet et al. 2007, our own findings). This species is closely related to P. mannii, but significantly larger. ...
... Distribution. South-east Turkey (Hakkari), north, west and central Iran (Kallies & Špatenka 2003, Garrevoet et al. 2007. ...
We here revise the genus Pyropteron Newman, 1832 using molecular and morphological analyses. Our data support the monophyly of Pyropteron with Synansphecia Căpușe, 1973 (syn. rev.) being its junior subjective synonym. Four taxa are described as new to science, Pyropteron minianiformis xerxes Bartsch, Pühringer, Lingenhöle & Kallies ssp. nov., Pyropteron hellenicum Bartsch, Pühringer, Lingenhöle & Kallies sp. nov., Pyropteron jordanicum Bartsch, Pühringer, Lingenhöle & Kallies sp. nov. and Pyropteron leucomelaena blaesii Bartsch, Pühringer, Lingenhöle & Kallies ssp. nov., and 4 species are raised to species rank, Pyropteron nigrobarbata (Rebel, 1916) stat. nov., Pyropteron icteropus (Zeller, 1847) stat. rev., Pyropteron euglossaeformis (Lucas, 1849) stat. rev. and Pyropteron erodiiphaga (Dumont, 1922) stat. rev. To stabilize the taxonomy, we designate neotypes for Pyropteron euglossaeformis stat. rev. and Pyropteron ceriaeformis (Lucas, 1849). Pyropteron pipiziformis (Lederer, 1855) comb. nov., is combined with Pyropteron for the first time. The identity of Pyropteron atlantis (Schwingenschuss, 1935), previously confused with Pyropteron borreyi (Le Cerf, 1922) is fixed. We treat Pyropteron muscaeformis lusohispanica Laštůvka & Laštůvka, 2007 syn. nov. as a synonym of Pyropteron koschwitzi (Špatenka, 1992), Pyropteron minianiformis aphrodite Bartsch, 2004 syn. nov. as a synonym of Pyropteron minianiformis destituta (Staudinger, 1894), Pyropteron muscaeformis occidentalis Joannis, 1908 syn. nov. as a synonym of Pyropteron muscaeformis (Esper, 1783), and Sesia lecerfi Oberthür, 1909 syn. nov. is considered a synonym of Bembecia ichneumoniformis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775). Finally, we discuss a model whereby frequent switches in hostplant usage drive rapid speciation in the genus Pyropteron.
... It occurs locally in the southern part of the western Palaearctic from northeastern Spain and southeastern France in the west to the eastern European part of Russia (Volgograd Region) in the east, and from the southern parts of Czech Republic and Slovakia in the north to central Italy, Greece, Crimea and northern Turkey in the south. Because several species belonging to the B. scopigera-group have been described from the territory of Turkey and neighbouring countries, records of this species for Turkey (Tamer, Özer, 1990;Gültekin, Güçlü, 1997 Špatenka et al., 1999;Laštůvka, Laštůvka, 2001;Garrevoet et al., 2005Garrevoet et al., , 2007 must be carefully revised, preferably also with the use of DNA data. In Crimea, this species is known from the vicinities of Belogorsk (Belaya Skala), Staryi Krym (Mt Agarmysh), Sudak (Vesyoloye) and near Feodosia (Fig. 18c). ...
A review of the genus BembeciaHübner 1819 [“1816”] in the Crimea Peninsula, Russia is presented. Keys to all Crimean species both on the external and genital characters are provided. A new species Bembecia crimeanasp. n. is described and figured. The type series of the new species was collected with using artificial sex attractants. The female and the host plant of the new species are still unknown. All species are figured and
maps of their distribution in the Crimea are presented.
... et al., 1999; NAUMANN & SCHROEDER, 1980 and DE FREINA, 1994), this species have recorded a few provinces from Turkey. When we examined the distribution of the B. scopigera in Turkey, it has shown sectional distribution from east to west in the northern part of the country, also it was recorded in the southern part as Mersin, Hatay and Karaman provinces in the Mediterranean region of Turkey (Fig. 5) (KOÇAK & KEMAL, 2009; GARREVOET et al., 2007, SAG ˘ IROG ˘ LU & CAN CENGIZ, 2011; TAMER et al., 1997). The specimen from Ardahan represents a new province record. ...
The egg chorion morphology of Bembecia scopigera (Scopoli, 1763) are examined in SEM and described.
Onobrychis atropatana is identified as a new host plant for B. scopigera. The distribution in Turkey of the species is
given a new province record. The photos of eggs in SEM, adult female and eggs on host plant are given.
KEY WORDS: Lepidoptera, Sesiidae, Bembecia scopigera, host plant, egg chorion, SEM, Turkey.
Chamaesphecia efetovi O. Gorbunov, 2019, is recorded from Türkiye for the first time. In 2024 with the help of sex attractants we investigated 11 biotopes with the larval host plant of Ch. efetovi, viz. Marrubium peregrinum L. (Lamiaceae), and found populations of Ch. efetovi in six of them.
Chamaesphecia efetovi O. Gorbunov, 2019, is recorded from Türkiye for the first time. In 2024 with the help of sex attractants we investigated 11 biotopes with the larval host plant of Ch. efetovi, viz. Marrubium peregrinum L. (Lamiaceae), and found populations of Ch. efetovi in six of them.
The Bembecia megillaeformis (Hübner, 1813) species group has ist centre of distribution in Asia minor. From Turkey at least eight taxa of this group are recorded. A strong polymorphism of Bembecia puella Lastuvka, 1989 which cannot be resolved taxonomically was uncovered during this survey. Thus, B. aladagica Gorbunov & Sˇpatenka, 2001 syn. nov. is considered a junior synonym of B. puella. Bembecia stuebingeri sp. nov. is described from specimens collected in Cappadocia in central Turkey. This species seems to feed in the roots of Sophora alopecuroides (Fabaceae) and differs from all related species both habitually and in morphology of ist genitalia. For the first time, detailed records of B. gegamica Gorbunov, 1991 and B. staryi Spatenka & Gorbunov, 1992 from Turkey are published and the females of these two species are figured here.
Synanthedon culiciformis (Linnaeus, 1758) shows a circumpolar distribution and is recorded from most parts of the northern Palaearctic region and from North America. Its known sister species, Synanthedon talischensis (Bartel, 1906), however, is endemic to the Hyrcanian fauna and is found only in Talish south of the Caspian Sea. Here, another species, Synanthedon pamphyla sp. n., closely allied to S. culiciformis is described from southern Turkey. It is clearly separated from the known species by external characters, morphology of genitalia and bionomics. Further, sequences of two mitochondrial DNA regions of S. culiciformis and S. pamphyla sp. n. are analysed and compared to homologous sequences of the 'outgroup' species Synanthedon spheciformis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775). This analysis suggests an isolation of S. culiciformis and S. pamphyla sp. n. for at least 300 000 years and implies that the latter species can be regarded as a Pleistocene relict.
On the basis of the material collected and the observations made in the summer of 2003 in Turkey -mainly in eastern Anatolia- and some samples in the collection of Atatürk University, Entomology Museum, Erzurum, Turkey (EMET), an overview is given of the observed clearwing moths (Sesiidae) in Turkey from faunistic, distributional, and agro-economical points of view. Thirty-six species and subspecies in 11 genera have been recorded, of which Sesia pimplaeformis Oberthür, Paranthrene diaphana Dalla Torre & Strand, Synanthedon andrenaeformis tenuicingulata Spatenka and Pyropteron cirgisa (Bartel, 1912) are classified as endangered species and should be added to the red list. Bembecia syzcjovi kappadocica Spatenka, Dipchasphecia sertavula Bartsch & Spatenka, D. kopica Gorbunov & Spatenka, and Chamaesphecia ruficoronata Kallies, Petersen & Riefenstahl are endemic to Turkey.
The species having an agro-economical importance as a pest in cultivated plants and as biocontrol agents on weeds are also indicated.
A critically annotated checklist of the clearwing moths (Sesiidae) of Crete is presented. For each species the localities known to the authors are listed, supplemented by notes on global distribution and ecology.
Specimens formerly recorded from Crete under the names of Chamaesphecia aerifrons (ZELLER, 1847) or Chamaesphecia alysoniformis (HERRICH-SCHÄFFER, 1846) belong to an unknown species here described as Chamaesphecia minoica sp. nov. The taxon Chamaesphecia fallax (STAUDINGER, 1891) syn. nov. described from the Lebanon is a new synonym of Chamaesphecia masariformis odyneriformis (HERRICH-SCHÄFFER, 1846).
Chamaesphecia gorbunovi ŠPATENKA, 1992 is recorded as new for Europe, where it has been confused with Chamaesphecia albiventris (LEDERER, 1853) up to now. At the moment it is known only from a few localities in the Greek mountains. Its host-plant in Europe is still unknown, but most likely a Scutellaria species as in Turkey and Transcaucasia. Data on the distribution, bionomics, and variability of the species are given. A simple identification key for the small and dark Greek species of the genera Pyropteron NEWMAN, 1832 and Chamaesphecia SPULER, 1910 is presented, specimens of Chamaesphecia gorbunovi, their male genitalia, and specimens of similar species are figured.
A checklist of Sesiidae of the world provides 2453 names, 1562 of which are currently considered valid taxa (1 family, 2 subfamilies, 10 tribes, 149 genera, 1352 species, and 48 subspecies). Data concerning distribution, type species or type genus, designation, incorrect spelling and emendation, preoccupation and replacement names, synonyms and homonyms, nomina nuda, and rejected names are given. Several new combinations and synonyms are provided.
The length of life of females was longer than males. Incubation period varied relating to the temperature. Larvae emerged from the eggs were seen in mid-July and end of July, feeding on pith inside the roots. Larvae began to overwinter as the temperature drops (8.3-11.3°C) and began to feed as the temperature increases (12.3-18.3°C). Number of larvae in one root varied from 1-17; they were found from 1-12 cm depth of root. The pest had one generation in per year and the sainfoin was the only host. The effectiveness of the synthetic pyrethroid cypermethrin at the rate of 40 ml/da and deltamethrin at 50 ml/da averaged 82.81% and 70.44%, respectively. Rate of parasitoid larvae in 1, 2 and 3 yr-old infested sainfoin fields varied from 9.69-42.41%. The contribution of Bracon crocatus and Chelonella nitens to the parasitoid rate were 7.54-41.13% and 0.08-4.71%, respectively. B. crocatus has potential for biological control. -from English summary
Gölyurt Geçidi, N40°20'56.0" E40°47'35
- Gelinkaya
Gelinkaya, N40°01'48.3" E40°54'56.0", 23-07-2006; Gölyurt Geçidi, N40°20'56.0" E40°47'35.6",
23-07-2005, 24-07-2005, 21-07-2006; Karakale, N40°12'31.8" E40°58'01.0", 30-07-2005; Kop
Geçidi, N40°01'12.8" E40°30'34.2", 27-07-2005, 01-08-2005 (Garrevoet W. & Vandorpe N.);
Kop Geçidi, N40°01'17.3" E40°30'35 23-07-2006; Palandöken, N39°50'02.8" E41°16'37.0
- Kop Geçidi
Kop
Geçidi, N40°01'20.3" E40°30'42.0", 13-07-2003, 27-07-2003, 02-08-2004, 22-07-2005; Kop
Geçidi, N40°01'17.3" E40°30'35.5", 12-07-2006, 23-07-2006; Palandöken, N39°50'02.8"
E41°16'37.0", 01-08-2005 (Garrevoet W. & Vandorpe N.); Palandöken, N39°50'05.2"
E41°16'39.7", 31-07-2005; Rizekent, N40°09'32.4" E41°00'51.3", 12-07-2004, 22-07-2005, 25-07-
2005, 30-07-2005; Yukari Sivri, N40°21'09.1" E41°40'58.3", 27-07-2004; Yumaklı, N40°14'21.3"
E41°31'09.3", 02-08-2003, 04-08-2004; Yumaklı, N40°14'24.1" E41°31'09.9", 26-07-2005