No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the author.
Electronic Commerce: An Introduction
Abstract
Electronic commercial transactions over the Internet, or "e-commerce," have grown so fast over the last five years that many experts continue to underestimate its growth and development. Whether retail business-to-customer or business-to-business transactions, e-commerce is now a significant part of commercial transactions. In turn, policymakers both in the United States and abroad are likely to face increasingly complex issues of security, privacy, taxation, infrastructure development and other issues in 2001 and beyond. This report will be updated periodically.
... After an exploration of Internet and how to conduct business on Internet, it was realized that this technological innovation had importance in changing the structure of industries, mainly through the introduction of substitute products, new entrants and through intermediation and disintermediation (Pedersen, 1997;Wigand and Benjamin, 1995;Bloch 1996). Moreover, it was also clear that Internet was contributing to change the business processes of a corporation and that the development of a strategy was necessary. ...
... The electronic commerce concept has developed in the 70's even though electronic commerce under the infant form of EDI or electronic data interchange has been existing since the late 60's with the invention of the first data networks (Pedersen, 1997;Kalakota and Whinston, 1996). Early examples of electronic commerce are electronic order processing systems (e.g. ...
... Among the new business models, the most important ones might be the new electronic-only intermediaries that could form around the electronic commerce business (Pedersen, 1997;Wigand, 1997). However, electronic commerce could also lead to a disintermediation effect as electronic commerce might directly connect the buyer and the seller. ...
... It also influences their backward or forward integration and might give rise to new substitute products. E-commerce, in addition to the effects of other technological innovation, might give rise to an intermediation and disintermediation effect in the value system of an industry (Benjamin and Wigand, 1995; Pedersen, 1997). The publishing industry boundaries are also changing as a result of mergers and alliances between the publishing houses and network providers, telecommunication companies, etc. (See for example the annual report of Munksgaard Publishing or Elsevier Science). ...
... Using electronic commerce systems on the Internet (or similar systems) Prop. C1: makes it easier to bypass an intermediary in a distribution network, due to direct customer contact and the use of a publicly shared infrastructure The hypothesis of intermediation and disintermediation as a consequence of electronic commerce has been discussed by many (Pedersen, 1997; Benjamin and Wigand, 1995, Sarkar et al.). Disintermediation means that many functions done in the marketplace by some intermediaries (e.g., the binders, the printers and the subscription agent in the case of STM publishing) can be suppressed by connecting the producer directly with the consumer. ...
Electronic commerce is becoming one of the drivers of competition and is starting playing a role in industry structural change and in affecting the competitive advantage of companies. In this article it is showed how electronic commerce might affect the scientific, technical and medical (STM) publishing sector. More specifically the paper looks at the emergence of the electronic journal as a substitute for the paper journal and tries to provide some empirical evidence of the effects of disintermediation and electronic intermediation in the value chain of the STM industry. It is further argued that some actors of the STM industry value chain are reengineering for electronic commerce thus operating both in the marketplace and the marketspace as a result of the changes in the industry competitive forces and especially the potential threat of disintermediation. The paper also provides examples of established companies that are including electronic commerce in their business model and new fully Internet-based intermediary.
... Clinton era trade officials decided that the time was ripe to again put forward rules to govern cross-border information flows (McLoughlin, 2000). In 1997, President Clinton announced a 'Framework for Global Electronic Commerce', which focused on private sector leadership, a limited role for government intervention including on cross-border flows, strategies designed to encourage global e-commerce, and provisions on privacy and security. ...
... Clinton era trade officials decided that the time was ripe to again put forward rules to govern cross-border information flows (McLoughlin, 2000). In 1997, President Clinton announced a 'Framework for Global Electronic Commerce', which focused on private sector leadership, a limited role for government intervention including on cross-border flows, strategies designed to encourage global e-commerce, and provisions on privacy and security. ...
Herein, we examine how the United States and the European Union (the EU) use trade agreements to advance the free flow of information and to promote digital rights online. In the 1980s and 1990s, after US policymakers tried to include language governing the free flow of information in trade agreements, other nations feared a threat to their sovereignty and their ability to restrict cross-border data flows in the interest of privacy or national security.
In the 21st century, again many states have not responded positively to US and EU efforts to facilitate the free flow of information. They worry that the US dominates both the Internet economy and Internet governance in ways that benefit its interests. After the Snowden allegations, many states adopted strategies that restricted rather than enhanced the free flow of information. Without deliberate intent, efforts to set information free through trade liberalization may be making the Internet less free.
Finally, the two trade giants are not fully in agreement on Internet freedom, but neither has linked policies to promote the free flow of information with policies to advance digital rights. Moreover, they do not agree as to when restrictions on information are necessary and when they are protectionist.
This first edition of Purchasing and Supply Chain Management: Strategies and Realities has been produced in response to market demand. I have developed and reinforced the concept of purchasing and supply chain management as a dynamic and managerial process, and have added material that reflects the current more general view of purchasing and supply chain management as a strategic function. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, in the United States of America, subsequent impacts, and other orldwide tragic events resulting from the war on terror have created a need to revisit how we achieve effective purchasing and supply chain management. Post 9/11 has had no
ffect? On September 11, 2001, terrorists left their mark of murder and took the ives of any citizens. With the passing of months and years, it is the natural human desire to resume a quiet life and to put that day behind us, as if waking from a dark dream. The hope that danger has passed is comforting, is understanding, and is false. The attacks that followed on Bali, Jakarta, Casablanca, Bombay, Mombassa, Najaf, Jerusalem, Riyadh, Baghdad, and Istanbul, for example (and indeed London in July 2005), were not dreams. They are part of the global campaign by terrorist networks to intimidate and demoralize all who pose them (Bush, 2003).
Günümüzde e-ticaret uygulamaları küresel çapta etkileyici bir şekilde büyüyerek nihai tüketicilerin sıklıkla tercih ettikleri bir alışveriş ortamı haline gelmiştir. Gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin firmadan-müşteriye (B2C) doğru perakende e-ticaret işlem hacimlerinin yüksek olmasına rağmen, Türkiye’de ise benzer bir performans ortaya konulamadığı görülmektedir. Bundan dolayı bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’deki e-ticaret pazar potansiyelinin beklendiği düzeyde gerçekleşmemiş olmasının nedenlerini tespit ederek çözüm önerileri geliştirmektir. Bu doğrultuda, öncelikle sektör bazında yapılmış araştırmalar incelenmiş ve bu çalışmalardan faydalanılarak bir anket formu geliştirilmiştir. Daha sonra bu anket formu İstanbul’da e-ticaret müşterisi olarak tanımlanan, orta gelir düzeyinde maaşlı çalışan 312 kişiden oluşan örneklem kitlesine uygulanmıştır. Toplanan anketler neticesinde, örnek kitlenin e ticaret uygulamaları için harcadığı alışveriş bütçesi ile bu işlemler için ayırdığı zamanın çok düşük düzeyde olduğu görülmektedir. Buna karşın anket katılımcılarının e ticaret firmalarının performansını değerlendirilirken önem verdikleri unsurlar olarak satış sonrası hizmet kalitesi ve teslimat süresinin makul olması belirlenmiştir. E-ticaret uygulamalarıyla ilgili genel olarak müşterilerin en büyük çekincesiyse güvenlik algısı sorunudur. Bu sorunun üstesinden gelinmesi mikro ölçekte firma bazında değil ancak makro boyutta devlet ve sektörün hep birlikte hareket etmesiyle ele alınmalıdır. Bu doğrultuda Türkiye yerli milli siber güvenlik tedbirlerini geliştirmeli ve sektörde faaliyet gösteren firmalara yönelik yasal düzenlemeler oluşturmalıdır.
With the rapid development of electronic commerce, its impact on “transformation of the pattern of regional economic development, regional economic restructuring” is increasingly growing, causing research
on the relationship between e-commerce and the regional industrial structure is becoming increasingly important. In this paper, we firstly establish an index system to
estimate the development of regional e-commerce, then use some industry-related indicators to make a comprehensive measure of regional industrial
structure. On this basis, we use gray correlation theory to calculate the linkage between regional e-commerce development and industrial structure evolution processes. An empirical study of Sichuan Province conducted a discovery that e-commerce have a strong linkage between some industry, such as: scientific research, technical services and geological exploration industry, wholesale and retail industry, residential services and other services industry, manufacturing industry, accommodation and catering industry, renting and business services, and electricity, gas and water production and supply industry and so on. We can make use of the great development of e-commerce as an opportunity to accelerate the development of these industries.
The United States and most other countries of the world have experienced major economic downturns during the past several years. While some countries have experienced small improvements more recently, there are still grave problems of unemployment, very high and increasing national debts, and high uncertainty of future conditions which makes businesses cautious about expansion and adding additional employees. More recently the US and several European countries have had their credit ratings reduced. While these economic problems and declines have continued since 2007 for traditional business activities, e-commerce has shown steady and rapid growth. While the majority of e-commerce is still conducted in only a portion of the world's countries, all countries are showing substantial growth as Internet service becomes more available to even the less developed nations and areas.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.