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Phytopharmacological aspects of Salacia chinensis

DOI:10.5897/JPP11.006
Authors:
Uday Arvind` Deokate at Government College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad
Uday Arvind` Deokate
Somashekhar Khadabadi at Government College of Pharmacy
Somashekhar Khadabadi
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Salacia chinensis Linn. (Family Celastraceae) commonly known as Saptrangi and commonly used herb in Ayurvedic medicine. The present work is an attempt to compile information on pharmacological and phytochemical aspects of S. chinensis Linn. Its roots have biologically active compounds, such as triterpenes, phenolic compounds, glycosides and coloring agents which show various medicinal properties. The root extract shows various activities like, antioxidant, anticaries, antiulcer, antidiabetic, hypoglycemic, antiobesity and skin lightening agent. This work will help reader with detail understanding of Salacia root's properties.
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Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Vol. 4(1), pp. 1-5, January 2012
Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/JPP
DOI: 10.5897/JPP11.006
ISSN 2141-2502 ©2012 Academic Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Phytopharmacological aspects of Salacia chinensis
U. A. Deokate* and S. S. Khadabadi
Government College of Pharmacy, Kathora Naka, Amravati-444604. (M.S.), India.
Accepted 22 September, 2011
Salacia chinensis Linn. (Family Celastraceae) commonly known as Saptrangi and commonly used herb
in Ayurvedic medicine. The present work is an attempt to compile information on pharmacological and
phytochemical aspects of S. chinensis Linn. Its roots have biologically active compounds, such as
triterpenes, phenolic compounds, glycosides and coloring agents which show various medicinal
properties. The root extract shows various activities like, antioxidant, anticaries, antiulcer, antidiabetic,
hypoglycemic, antiobesity and skin lightening agent. This work will help reader with detail
understanding of Salacia root's properties.
Key words: Salacia chinensis, Saptrangi, root, phytochemistry, pharmacology.
INTRODUCTION
Salacia chinensis Linn. (Synonyms: Salacia prinoides)
Family: Celastraceae (Spike-thorn family) commonly
called as Saptrangi, Dimal, Modhupal, Ingli, Cherukuranti,
Nisul-bondi. This is a small erect or straggling tree or
large, woody, climbing shrub found almost throughout
India including Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Mehra and
Handa, 1969).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Three species of Salacia that is, S. chinensis, Salacia reticulate,
Salacia oblonga are used traditionally in Ayurveda, Unani systems
as antidiabetic agent. Preclinical research and isolated clinical trials
studying these effects have been promising. Fruits and Roots are
the useful parts. Ripe fruits are eaten. Roots have been used as an
antidiabetic drug. S. chinensis have been used in India and in other
countries as a tonic, blood purifier and to treat amenorrhea and
dysmenorrhea. Its root bark was used in gonorrhoea, rheumatism
and skin diseases. Its aqueous extract showed significant
hypoglycemic activity. Root bark boiled in oil or as decoction or as
powder is used for the treatment of rheumatism, gonorrhoea,
itches, and asthma, thirst and ear diseases (Encyclopedia of World
Medicinal Plants. Vol.1. 1713: 2418; Almeida and Almeida, 1994;
Singh and Duggal, 2010; Mehra and Handa, 1967). The root is dark
yellow externally and light yellow internally. It has characteristic
odor and bitter in taste. The TS of root (Figure 1) shows wavy cork,
cortex consisting of brown matter, uniserriate and few biserriate
medullary rays and vascular bundle consists mainly of secondary
xylem and phloem. Pith, Pericycle and endodermis is absent.
Starch is present in the cortex region. The standardization
*Corresponding author. E-mail: deokate@yahoo.com.
parameters like ash value and extractive value have been also
studied. The ash value results for this plant are Total ash
4.825%w/w; Water-soluble ash 2.75%w/w, Acid-insoluble ash
3.5%w/w. The extractive value results are found to be 3.275%w/w
in Water-s oluble extractive value and 1.8%w/w in Alcohol-soluble
extractive value (Dholwani et al., 2009). Table 1 is showing
Fluorescence analysis of root powder.
RESULTS
The roots contains the phytoconstituents like alkaloides,
glycosides, polyphenols, flavanoides, coumarins,
proteins, carbohydrates, gums and mucilage, fixed oil
and volatile oil. Triterpenoids like lupanes, hopanes,
friedelanes are abundant in root and stem of plant.
Salacinol from the stems of S. chinensis was found to
alpha- glucosidase inhibitor. Mangiferin showed inhibitory
effect on rat lense aldose reductase. Figure 2 and Table
2 has given idea about chemical composition of salacia
roots.
Recent studies have demonstrated that Salacia roots
are very useful in type 2 diabetes and obesity-associated
hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and related cardiovascular
complications and it may be due to the fact that it
modulate multiple targets (Yuhao et al., 2008) like
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha-
mediated lipogenic gene transcription, angiotensin
II/angiotensin II type 1 receptor, alpha-glucosidase,
aldose reductase and pancreatic lipase. These activities
are due to the constituentslike mangiferin, salacinol,
kotalanol and kotalagenin 16-acetate (Yoshikawa et al.,
2 J. Pharmacognosy Phytother.
Figure 1. A, B and C: Salacia roots microscopy showing vascular bundles, medullary rays, and annular
rings.
Table 1. Fluorescence analysis of root powder.
Treatment
Day light
UV light (254 nm)
Powder as such
Yellow color
Light green
Powder + 1N NaOH(Aq.)
Brown
Dark brown
Powder + 1N NaOH(Alc.)
Yellowish brown
Light yellow
Powder + 1N HCL
Green
Light green
Powder + Iodine
Dark brown
Brown
Powder + Ammonia
Yellow
Greenish yellow
Powder + 5% FeCl3
Dark yellow
Dark brown
Powder + 1N H2SO4
Black
No color
2001; Matsuda et al., 2002; Nadagouda et al., 2010).
Clinical trial studies have also been carried out to confirm
the effects. Table 3 is explaining the all activities of
salacia roots.
Conclusion
S. chinensis is a traditional South and Southeast Asian
herb medicine and has been reported to have an
antidiabetic function through α-glucosidases inhibitory
activity. The various active constituents have been found
to affect multiple targets in diabetes, obesity and
associated cardiovascular diseases through modulating
PPAR-α-mediated lipogenic gene transcription and
angiotensin II/angiotensin II type 1 receptor, inhibiting α-
glucosidase, aldose reductase and pancreatic lipase.
Although toxicological studies have suggested minimal
adverse effects of this plant in rodents, a clinical trial is
crucial to further confirm the safety of Salacia roots. In
addition, mechanistic studies are necessary in order to
know drug interaction of Salacia root with other
Deokate and Khadabadi 3
Figure 2. Chemical constituents of S. chinensis.
4 J. Pharmacognosy Phytother.
Table 2. Phyotochemistry of roots of S. chinensis Linn.
Plant part
Leaves (Yoshikawa et al., 2008).
Leaves (Pongpiriyadacha et al.,
2003). (Methanolic extract)
Stems (n-hexane extract)
(Krishnan and Rangaswami,
1967a,b).
Stems (Joshi et al., 1973).
Stems (Rogers et al., 1974).
(ethyl acetate extract)
Stems (80% of methanolic
extract) (Tran et al., 2008).
Stems (80% of methanolic
extract) (Kishi et al., 2003).
Root bark (Yoshikawa and
Morikawa, 2003; Masayuki et al.,
2008).
Table 3. Pharmacology of roots of S. chinensis Linn.
S/no.
Activity
Model
Plant part
Conclusion
1
Antidiabetic activity
(Yoshikawa et al.,
2003).
Maltose or sucrose loaded rats
Methanolic extract of stems
Inhibitory effects on intestinal alpha-glucosidase, rat lens aldose
reductase, formation of Amadori compounds and advanced
glycation end-products, nitric oxide production from
lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse peritoneal macrophage, and
radical scavenging activities.
2
Antidiabetic activity
(Govind et al., 2010)
Streptozotocin (STZ) - induced
diabetic rats.
Salacia chinensis and Coccinia
indica and Hipophae rhamnoides
Found to be effective
3
Antihyperglycemic
activity (Sellamuthu
et al., 2009).
Streptozotocin (STZ) - induced
diabetic rats.
Mangiferin purified from methanolic
root ext. of S. chinensis mangiferin
possess antidiabetic activity
against STZ-induced diabetic rats.
Mangiferin is found responsible for antidiabetic activity.
4
Hypotensive activity
(Jansakul et al.,
2005).
Hypotensive activity in anesthetized
female rats in estrus, and for
vasodilator activities on isolated
thoracic aortic rings in vitro.
Stem ethanolic extract
n-butanol extract from stems of Salacia chinensis possesses a
hypotensive effect. The mechanism involved may be an indirect
effect by stimulated release of nitric oxide from vascular endothelial
cells and causes vasodilatation.
Deokate and Khadabadi 5
Table 3. Contd.
5
Hepatoprotective activity
(Asuti, 2010).
Wistar strain of albino rats of either sex
against CCl4 induced
Root extract
Found to be effective
6
Anticaries activity (Vuong
and Hoover, 2010)
Prevents glucan adhesion on tooth plane and
inhibits glucosyltransferase activity, and can
be used for preventing caries.
Salacia extract
Salacia extract inhibit sucrose-dependent biofilm formation by MS, similar to
acarbose, and have potential as anti-plaque anti-caries agents
7
Reproductive function
activity (Yang et al.,
2011)
Sprague–Dawley male and female rats
S. chinensis
extract
No effects on the reproductive outcome such as estrous cycle of F0 females
or any parameters for reproductive function or survival, growth, sensory
reflex or function development of F1 pups even at a remarkably high
dosage level, 2000 mg/kg/day,
8.
Anticancer activity (Tran
et al., 2010)
Against the four cancer cell lines Hep-G2, LU,
KB, and MCF-7.
Eight
triterpenoids from
this plant
The new compound showed good activity against all four tested cell lines.
therapeutic interventions.
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... S. chinensis have biologically active compounds such as salacinol Matsuda et al., 2005;), kotalanol, neokotalanol, neosalacinol, Salaprinol, ponkoranol (9, Muraoka et al., 2011, foliasalaciosides, foliachinenosides and proanthocyanidin Nakamura et al., 2008;Krishnan and Rangaswami, 1967), mangiferin and eudesmane-type sesquiterpenes (Deokate and Khadabadi, 2012;Kishi et al., 2003), Phenolic glycosides ; Nakamura et al., 2008 (b), triterpenoids like lupanes, hopanes and freidelanes (Minh et al., 2010; which show various medicinal properties.The plant and its extracts have been evaluated for number of activities like anti-diabetic (Li et al., 2008;Kishino et al., 2009;Sellamuthu et al., 2012;Duke and Ayensu, 1985), anti-inflammatory (Ismail et al., 1997;Govindaraj et al., 2009), antitumor (Guha et al., 1996), cardiac disorders (Sanchez et al., 2000), mutagenicity (Sellamuthu et al., 2012), antioxidant (Deokate and Khadabadi, 2012) tonic and blood purifier (Heymann et al., 1954). In the following, we comprehensively reviewed phytomorphology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities and give a short overview on the safety evaluation of S. chinensis. ...
... S. chinensis have biologically active compounds such as salacinol Matsuda et al., 2005;), kotalanol, neokotalanol, neosalacinol, Salaprinol, ponkoranol (9, Muraoka et al., 2011, foliasalaciosides, foliachinenosides and proanthocyanidin Nakamura et al., 2008;Krishnan and Rangaswami, 1967), mangiferin and eudesmane-type sesquiterpenes (Deokate and Khadabadi, 2012;Kishi et al., 2003), Phenolic glycosides ; Nakamura et al., 2008 (b), triterpenoids like lupanes, hopanes and freidelanes (Minh et al., 2010; which show various medicinal properties.The plant and its extracts have been evaluated for number of activities like anti-diabetic (Li et al., 2008;Kishino et al., 2009;Sellamuthu et al., 2012;Duke and Ayensu, 1985), anti-inflammatory (Ismail et al., 1997;Govindaraj et al., 2009), antitumor (Guha et al., 1996), cardiac disorders (Sanchez et al., 2000), mutagenicity (Sellamuthu et al., 2012), antioxidant (Deokate and Khadabadi, 2012) tonic and blood purifier (Heymann et al., 1954). In the following, we comprehensively reviewed phytomorphology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities and give a short overview on the safety evaluation of S. chinensis. ...
... Anti-diabetic (especially type 2 diabetes) Li et al., 2008;Kishino et al., 2009;Sellamuthu et al., 2012;Duke and Ayensu, 1985;Ismail et al., 1997), anti-inflamatory, ( Ismail et al., 1997;Govindaraj et al., 2009), nephroprotective (Rana et al., 2010), anti-oxidant (Deokate and Khadabadi, 2012) and antitumor (Guha et al., 1996) are the main pharmacological activities of Salacia chinensis that have been investigated by different studies till now. Treatment of rheumatism, gonorrhoea, itches, and asthma, thirst and ear diseases by use of root bark boiled in oil or as decoction or as powder (Pullaiah, 2006;Almeida and Almeida, 1994;Singh and Duggal, 2010;Mehra and Handa, 1967), hepatitis, cardiac disorders, arthritis (Sanchez et al., 2000) and insulin resistance (Miura et al., 2001) are the other important biological activities of this medicinal plant. ...
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Salacia chinensis Linn. (Syn. S. prinoides DC.) is a woody climbing shrub, an endangered medicinal plant naturally found in tropical Africa, Sri Lanka, China, Vietnam, Thailand and southern regions of India. A large number of biological active compounds such as salacinol, kotalanol, neokotalanol, neosalacinol, salasol and mangiferin have been isolated from S. chinensis which show various medicinal properties. The different parts and water extraction of the whole plant have been extensively used in Ayurvedic system of Indian traditional medicine and countries in Southwest Asia to treat a variety of ailments. Although the treatment of diabetes is the main studied pharmacological activity of S. chinensis, but recent studies have demonstrated the anti-inflamatory, nephroprotective, anticancer and treatment of cardiac disorders as the other important bioactivities of this medicinal plant. The present paper reviewed phytomorphology, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of S. chinensis comprehensively and gives an overview on its safety evaluation.
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... In the Indian traditional medicinal system of Ayurveda and other similar practices, leaves, roots, seeds and fruits are commonly used as alternative medicines. Garcinia indica (Baliga et al. 2011), Salacia chinensis (Deokate and Khadabadi 2012) and Alstonia scholaris (Ganjewala and Gupta 2013) are examples of Indian medicinal plant species described to have multiple therapeutic properties. Garcinia indica, commonly known as the kokum tree, produces fruits which are used in Ayurvedic medicine for its antimicrobial, antiulcer, anticancer and antiobesity properties, as well as being able to ease inflammatory and pain-related issues (Baliga et al. 2011). ...
... Garcinia indica, commonly known as the kokum tree, produces fruits which are used in Ayurvedic medicine for its antimicrobial, antiulcer, anticancer and antiobesity properties, as well as being able to ease inflammatory and pain-related issues (Baliga et al. 2011). The roots of the Salacia chinensis herb tree have also been exploited for beneficial properties in treating tooth decay, ulcers, obesity and skin conditions (Deokate and Khadabadi 2012). Multiple parts of the Indian devil tree, Alstonia scholaris, such as leaves, follicles and latex show extensive antimicrobial and antioxidant properties (Ganjewala and Gupta 2013). ...
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... leaves, roots, seeds and fruits are commonly used as alternative medicines. Garcinia indica (Baliga et al., 2011), Salacia chinensis (Deokate and Khadabadi, 2012) and Alstonia scholaris (Ganjewala & Gupta, 2013) obesity properties, as well as being able to ease inflammatory and pain-related issues (Baliga et al., 2011). The roots of the Salacia chinensis herb tree have also been exploited for beneficial properties in treating tooth decay, ulcers, obesity, and skin conditions (Deokate & Khadabadi, 2012). ...
... Garcinia indica (Baliga et al., 2011), Salacia chinensis (Deokate and Khadabadi, 2012) and Alstonia scholaris (Ganjewala & Gupta, 2013) obesity properties, as well as being able to ease inflammatory and pain-related issues (Baliga et al., 2011). The roots of the Salacia chinensis herb tree have also been exploited for beneficial properties in treating tooth decay, ulcers, obesity, and skin conditions (Deokate & Khadabadi, 2012). Multiple parts of the Indian devil tree, Alstonia scholaris, such as leaves, follicles and latex show extensive antimicrobial and antioxidant properties (Ganjewala & Gupta, 2013). ...
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  • Feb 2017
PHYTOCONGRESS – 2016 The International Conference Phytocongress – 2016 on the theme “Indian Traditional Medicine - A Conglomeration of Ancient Knowledge and Modern Science” was organized by Centre for Advanced Research in Indian System of Medicine (CARISM), SASTRA University, Thanjavur on 21 & 22 July 2016. This conference was focused on the vast, enviable traditional wealth of India, practices and usage of plant drugs, metals, minerals and animals by traditional medical practitioners during ancient times and the current status of traditional and synthetic drugs. This programme analyzed the requirements of modern times and how the same could be benefited through ancient wisdom. Sessions in the seminar covered a wide range of topics emphasizing the scientific merits involved in Ayurveda and Siddha medicines. These sessions highlighted the significance and importance of evidence based studies on traditional medicines and finding new experimental methodologies for their characterization using various sophisticated analytical techniques and their applications. The modern tools of chemistry and biology, in particular allow scientists to detail the exact nature of the biological effects of natural compounds on the human body, as well as to uncover possible synergies, which holds much promise for the discovery of new therapies against many devastating diseases. With the technology at hand today, we can validate the science behind this ancient knowledge and unravel the mysteries behind why and how traditional medicine works. The challenge today is to integrate the best of the different healing traditions to meet the healthcare needs of contemporary society. This International conference brought together leading academic scientists, researchers and research scholars to exchange and share their experiences and wisdom on all aspects of medicinal plants and natural products. It also provided an interdisciplinary platform for researchers, practitioners and educators to present and discuss the most recent innovations, trends, and concerns as well as practical challenges encountered and solutions to be adopted in the fields of medicinal plants and natural products. This conference was inaugurated by Prof. Bhushan Patvarthan, University of Pune, and this Conference was convened by Prof. P. Brindha, Associate Dean and Co-ordinator, CARISM, SATRA University. Invited international speakers from USA, Australia and Malaysia and national speakers gave scintillating lectures covering various aspects on the theme of the conference. Altogether nearly 200 Scientists, Siddha and Ayurveda Researchers, Practitioners and Industrialists participated from various parts of India.
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Study on Chemical Constituents of Salacia chinensis L. Collected in Vietnam
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A new triterpene, 28-hydroxy-3-oxo-30-lupanoic acid (1), and a triterpene found for the first time as a natural product, 3-oxo-lupane-30-al (2), besides three known triterpenes, 29-nor-21 α-H-hopane-3,22-dione (3), 21α-H-hop-22(29)-ene-3j8, 30-diol (4), and betulin (5) have been isolated from the n-hexane extract of Salacia chinensis stems. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral studies.
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Hypotensive Effect of n-butanol Extract from Stem of Salacia chinensis in Rats
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  • Feb 2005
Dried stems of Salacia chinensis were chopped and boiled with filtered water. The clear solution was collected and partition extracted with n-butanol. The nbutanol fraction (S. chinensis extract) was evaporated and followed by lyophilization. The S. chinensis extract was investigated for hypotensive activity in anesthetized female rats in estrus, and for vasodilator activities on isolated thoracic aortic rings in vitro. Results showed that intravenous injection of S. chinensis extract (4-120 mg/kg) caused a decrease in mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate of anesthetized rats in a dose-dependent manner. These effects were not blocked by atropine, a muscarinic receptor antagonist or propranolol, a β-adrenergic receptor antagonist. For the in vitro preparation, the S. chinensis extract (0.01-0.3 mg/ml) caused vasodilatation of the thoracic aortic rings pre-constricted with phenylephrine in a dose-dependent manner. These effects persisted in the presence of atropine, propranolol or both of atropine and propranolol. However, when N G-nitro-Larginine, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, was added or removal of vascular endothelium, the vasodilator activity of the S. chinensis extract on the thoracic aortic ring disappeared. These results suggest that the n-butanol extract from stems of Salacia chinensis possesses a hypotensive effect. The mechanism involved may be an indirect effect by stimulated release of nitric oxide from vascular endothelial cells and causes vasodilatation.
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ChemInform Abstract: Study on Chemical Constituents and Cytotoxic Activities of Salacia chinensis Growing in Vietnam.
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Two new triterpenoids, named 7α,21α-dihydroxyfriedelane-3-one (1) and 7α,29-dihydroxyfriedelane- 3-one (2) have been isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the stems of Salacia chinensis besides the known triterpenoid 21α,30-dihydroxyfriedelane-3-one (3). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis. Eight triterpenoids from this plant have been tested against the four cancer cell lines Hep-G2, LU, KB, and MCF-7. The new compound 1 showed good activity against all four tested cell lines.
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Pharmacognostical Profiling of Roots of Salacia prenoides L.
Article
  • Oct 2009
Salacia prenoides or S.chinensis belonging to the family Hippocrateaceae is a climbing shrub known as saptarangi in Ayurveda. The roots of this plant is repoted to possess various medicinal uses as antidiabetic, astringent and abortificient. The pharmacognostical study of roots of this plant has not been reported. Therefore, the present investigation was planned to study the morphology, microscopy, physicochemical parameters, phytochemical screening and HPTLC study of roots of Salacia prenoides.
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Salacia spp: Hypoglycemic principles and possible role in diabetes management
Article
  • Aug 2010
The salacia species (Celastraceae), including S chinensis, S reticulata, and S oblonga, are used as antidiabetic agents in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda and Unani. The plants have been used in India, Japan, and Korea to treat high blood glucose levels. Preclinical investigations have demonstrated antiobesity activity of salacia, warranting large-scale clinical studies. Isolated clinical trials have, thus far, supported this claim. This review summarizes pharmacological investigations of various species of salacia with respect to diabetes.
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Triterpenes of Salacia prinoides DC
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From the root bark of Salacia prinoides DC. (Celastraceae), six closely related triterpenes, P, Q, R, S, T and V have been isolated. These have been shown to be 1,3-diketofriedelane derivatives. The structures of these compounds, 1, 10, 39, 33, 11 and 12, have been established on the basis of spectroscopic as well as degradative evidence.
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Antihyperglycemic Effect of Mangiferin in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats
Article
  • Apr 2009
The study was undertaken to evaluate the antihyperglycemic potential of mangiferin purified from methano- lic root extract of Salacia chinensis (S. chinensis )i nc ontrol and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The mangiferin was administered orally at a dose of 40 mg/kg weight per day (30 days) to STZ-induced diabetic rats. The mangiferin treated diabetic rats significantly decreased the level of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin as well as increased level of insulin and hemoglobin. The activities of hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glucose- 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycogen synthase, and glycogen content level were increased to near normal in mangiferin treated diabetic rats. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6- diphosphatase and glycogen phosphorylase were significantly decreased in liver tissue of diabetic treated rats. These findings demonstrated that mangiferin possess antidiabetic activity against STZ-induced diabetic rats. The antidiabetic effect of mangiferin was compared with standard antidiabetic drug glibenclamide.
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Polyphenol Constituents from Salacia Species: Quantitative Analysis of Mangiferin with .ALPHA.Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitory Activities
Article
  • May 2001
Mangiferin, three catechins, and two catechin dimers were isolated from the roots of Salacia reticulata (SRE), and examined their inhibitory activities against several carbohydrate metabolize enzymes (sucrase, maltase, isomaltase, (alpha -amylase, and aldose reductase). Among them, mangiferin was found to inhibit sucrase, isomaltase, and aldose reductase from rat with IC50 values of 87, 216 and 1.4 mug/ml, respectively. The inhibitory activities of mangiferin are competitive for sucrase and isomaltase with inhibitor constant (K-i) 55 mug/ml and 70 mug/ml, respectively. In order to determine the mangiferin contents in the water extracts from the roots of S. reticulata, a quantitative analytical method by means of HPLC was developed and the mangiferin contents in SRE were determined to be in the range of 0.9-2.3% by the application of this method. A high linear correlation (r=0.934) was observed between the mangiferin contents and the sucrase inhibitory activity. In addition, this analytical procedure of mangiferin was found to be applicable for other Salacia species (S. oblonga, S. chinensis, and S. prinoides). Thus, the quantitative HPLC analysis of mangiferin was supposed to be suitable for the quality control of Salacia species and its products.
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