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Two new species of Petrocosmea (Gesneriaceae) from Thailand

Authors:
David John Middleton at Singapore Botanic Gardens
David John Middleton
Pramote Triboun at Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research
Pramote Triboun
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THAI FOR. BULL.
(
BOT.
)
38: 42–47. 2010.
Two new spec
i
es o
f
Pet
r
ocos
m
ea
(G
esner
i
aceae
)
from Tha
i
lan
d
1
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Scotland, UK
.
2
Bangkok Herbarium, Princess Siririndhorn Herbarium Building, Plant Variety Protection Division, Department of Agriculture,
C
hatuchak, Ban
g
kok 10900, Thailand
.
D
ID
. MIDDLET
1
&
PRAM
O
TE TRIB
OUN
2
ABSTRACT. Two new s
p
ecies of P
et
r
ocosmea
sec
ti
o
n D
einanthe
r
a
are described
,
P.
p
ubescens D.J.Middleton & Triboun and
P. bicolor
D.J.Middleton & Triboun.
r
I
N
TR
O
D
UC
TI
ON
P
et
r
ocosmea
Oliv. is a genus of small lithophytic
a
h
erbs in Gesneriaceae subfamil
y
Did
y
mocarpoideae
(
see Möller et al., 2009
)
. The last com
p
lete revision
was by Wang (1985) in which 27 species and fou
r
v
arieties were reco
g
nised in three sections. The
C
hinese species were revised by Li & Wang (2004).
The three sections are defi ned on easily observable
m
orpholo
g
ical characters althou
g
h as
y
et too few
s
pecies have been phylogenetically investigated to
e
stablish whether these sections will hold up to
c
loser scrutin
y
(Möller et al., 2009). Since Wan
g
’s
r
evision three more s
p
ecies, all from Thailand,
h
ave been added to the genus (Burtt, 1998, 2001)
.
F
our species o
f
P
et
r
ocosmea
we
r
e
r
eco
r
ded
for Thailand by Burtt (2001). Three of these fou
r
sp
ecies, Petrocosmea
f
ormosa B.L.Burtt
,
P.
h
eterophylla B
.
L
.
B
u
rtt an
d
P
.
ke
rr
ii
Craib, belong
to
P
et
r
ocosmea
sec
t
.
D
einanthe
r
a
W.T.Wang and
t
he fourth
,
P. umbelli
f
ormis B.L.Burtt, belon
g
s to
Pet
r
ocosmea
sec
t
.
Pet
r
ocosmea
.
P
et
r
ocosmea
sec
t
.
D
einanthe
r
a
is the smallest of the three sections
,
with
j
ust 5 or 6 species (dependin
g
on the status of
P.
wa
r
dii
W.W.Smith) listed by Burtt (1998). The
s
ection is defi ned by characteristic long tubules at
t
he a
p
ices of the anthers
(
see Burtt, 1998 for furthe
r
discussion). During fi eld work in northern Thailand
i
n September 2008 and September 2009 two
previousl
y
undescribed species belon
g
in
g
to
Pet
r
ocosmea
sec
t
.
D
einanthe
r
a
we
r
e
co
ll
ec
t
ed
an
d
are here described as new. All previously known
species in this section have white corollas except
f
or
P
et
r
ocosmea
f
ormosa
w
hi
c
h
c
an ha
ve
w
hit
e
or
very pale purple fl owers. Both new species
d
escribed here have predominantly purple fl owers
.
DE
SC
RIPTI
ONS
P
e
tr
ocos
m
e
a
bico
l
or
D.J.Middleton & Triboun
,
sp
.
no
v.
A
Petrocosmea
g
randi
f
olia
e
t P
et
r
ocosmea
heterophylla
co
r
o
lli
s
b
i
co
l
o
ri
bus
e
t
bu
l
b
illi
s
in
m
ultis foliis adsunt distincta. Typus: Thailand,
C
hian
g
Mai, Fan
g
District, Doi An
g
Khan
g
, vertical
l
imestone cliff face in montane forest, 21 Se
p
t.
2008
,
Middleton
,
K
a
r
aket
,
Tr
iboun
,
Kawatkul
&
l
M
eeboon
y
a4543 (holot
y
pe
BKF
; isot
y
pes
A
,
BK
,
E
). Figs. 1, 3A–C
.
L
ithoph
y
tic perennial herb. Leaves all basal
and of two types: small tightly clustered sessile
l
eaves and much large petiolate leaves around the
m
ar
g
in; sessile leaves elliptic, to 3 b
y
1.8 cm, apex
acute; petiolate leaves with petiole 8.5–20 cm long,
sparsely to densely pubescent (hairs pale when
alive, dr
y
in
g
dark brown); blade ovate, sli
g
htl
y
to
strongly asymmetrical, 13–36 by 6.8–25 cm,
1.2–1.9 times as long as wide, apex acute, base
subcordate to stron
g
l
y
cordate, mar
g
in irre
g
ularl
y
d
entate, base and ti
p
of midrib often with bulbils,
8–11 secondary veins on each side of midrib,
brochidodromus, tertiar
y
venation reticulate,
sparsely covered with coarse hairs above, more
d
ensely so with long hairs beneath, especially so
TWO NEW SPECIES OF PETROCOSMEA
(
GESNERIACEAE
)
FROM THAILAND
(
D.J. MIDDLETON & P. TRIBOUN
)
43
F
igure 1.
Petrocosmea bicolor
D.J.Middleton & Triboun: A. habit; B. fl ower dissection, lower lip; C. fl ower dissection, upper lip; D.
r
c
al
y
x opened out; E. stamen, dorsal view; F. stamen, ventral view; G. stamen, lateral view; H. stamens touchin
g
face to face as in
fl ower; I.
p
istil, ventral view; J.
p
istil, lateral view. Scale bars: A = 15 cm, B–D, 6 mm, E–J = 4 mm. A from
Middleton
et
al
.
4543
(
E
)
; B–J from
Middleton
et
al
. 5024
(
E
)
.
THAI FOREST BULLETIN
(
BOTANY
)
38
44
o
n venation. Infl orescences arisin
g
out of dense
c
luster of sessile leaves
,
umbelliform
,
8–14-fl owered
,
5
.5–12 cm long; peduncles 3.5–10 cm long, densely
c
overed in short and lon
g
g
landular hairs; pedicels
4
–13 mm long, pubesence as on peduncles; fl owe
r
s
ize varying greatly within a population. Calyx
pale
g
reen to
g
reenish white, of 2 free ventral lobes
and 3 slightly fused dorsal lobes; 2 free ventral
l
obes elliptic, slightly falcate, 5.5–8 by 1.8–3.3
m
m, a
p
ex acuminate; dorsal 3 lobes fused at base fo
r
1.5–2 mm, lateral 2 lobes elliptic, slightly falcate,
6–8.5 by 2.1–3, apex acuminate, middle lobe elliptic,
sy
mmetrical, 7–9.5 b
y
2.8–4.2 mm, apex acute.
C
orolla 2-lipped, bicoloured with dark purple lowe
r
l
ip, white to pale purple upper lip, generally pale
r
at base of u
pp
er li
p
when
p
ur
p
le, darker
p
ur
p
le
v
entrally and pale yellow dorsally inside tube.
C
orolla tube 3.3–5 mm long; upper lip 2-lobed,
4
.5–5.5 mm lon
g
, individual lobes ovate, 4.5–5.5
by 3.5–3.8 mm, apex rounded; lower lip 6–7 mm
l
ong, lower lobe 3.5–5 by 2–3.1 mm, lateral lobes
3.3–3.7 b
y
3–3.3 mm; sparsel
y
pubescent outside,
e
specially on lobes, lobes ciliate, glandular papillose
i
n tube and base of upper lip. Stamens 2, inserted
at base of corolla tube
,
anthers adnate face to face
;
fi
laments 2–2.1 mm long, fl attened for most of
l
ength and 0.9–1 mm wide, densely glandular-
puberulent; anthers 4.1–4.2 b
y
2.1 mm, with
t
ubules at apex 1.1 mm; 2 staminodes 0.9 mm long,
1 staminode 0.4 mm long. Ovary 2.5 mm long,
densel
y
covered with sessile
g
lands and e
g
landula
r
h
airs; style 7–8.5 mm long, with only eglandula
r
h
airs at base to half way along, glabrous towards
a
p
ex.
Thailan
d.
—
N
ORTHERN
:
Chian
g
Mai [Fan
g
District, Doi Ang Khang, 21 Sept. 2008,
Middleton
,
K
a
r
aket
,
T
r
iboun
,
K
awatkul
&
M
eeboonya 4
5
4
3
(
A
,
BK
,
BKF
,
E
); ibid, 30 Sept. 2009,
Middleton
,
Lindsa
y
&
S
uksathan 5024
(
B
K
,
B
K
F
,
E
,
K
,
L
,
Q
B
G
)
]
.
Distribution.— Only known from Doi Ang
Khang in Chiang Mai, Thailand
.
Ecology.— In montane moist seasonal forest
o
n karst shady limestone at ca 1,450 m in altitude.
Flowerin
g
and fruitin
g
periods unknown.
Notes.— This is the onl
y
species in
Pet
r
ocosmea
sec
t
.
D
einanthe
r
a
with a strongly
bicolourous corolla with the upper lip much pale
r
t
han th
e
l
owe
r
.
It i
s
o
th
e
r
w
i
se
rath
e
r
s
imilar t
o
P
et
r
ocosmea
h
eterophylla an
d
P. grandifolia
,
both
o
f which have larger white fl owers. We have also
n
ot found an
y
evidence that bulbils have previousl
y
been recorded in the genus
.
Petrocosmea pubescen
s
D.J.Middleton & Triboun
,
sp
.
no
v. Ab aliis speciebus P
et
r
ocosmeae
sec
t
.
D
einanthe
r
ae
combinatione foliorum
p
eltatorum,
pilorum longorum villosorum et corollarum purpu-
r
earum differt. T
y
pus: Thailand, Chian
g
Rai, Mae
F
a Luan
g
District, Doi Tun
g
, montane deciduous
forest on karst limestone, 23 Sept. 2008,
Middleton
,
K
a
r
aket
,
Tr
iboun
,
K
awatkul
&
M
eeboon
y
a 4
553
(holot
y
pe BKF; isot
y
pes
BK
,
E
). Fi
g
s. 2, 3D–E
.
L
ithoph
y
tic rhizomatous perennial herb;
r
hizomes sparsely to densely covered in brown
h
airs. Leaves all basal, all petiolate, peltate; petiole
8–19 cm lon
g
, densl
y
covered with lon
g
white
spreading hairs to 7 mm long; blade suborbicular to
very broadly obovate, 4–9.3 by 3.8–9 cm, 1–1.2
t
imes as lon
g
as wide, apex rounded, base rounded,
m
argin entire, petiole inserted at 0.5–2 cm from
base of leaf (appearing cordate and not peltate in
some dama
g
ed leaves), 3–5 secondar
y
veins each
side of blade, all but 1–2 from
p
etiole insertion,
brochidodromus, tertiary venation scalariform
between basal sets of secondar
y
veins, otherwise
r
eticulate, densely covered in long appressed hairs
above and beneath giving the leaves a silvery
appearance when
y
oun
g
. Inforescences 1–2-fl ow-
ered, 6–10 cm long; peduncle 4.5–7.5 cm long,
d
ensely covered with long white spreading hairs to
5 mm lon
g
; pedicels 7–17 mm lon
g
when 2-fl owered.
C
alyx green, slightly zygomorphic with 2 lowe
r
l
obes free to base and upper 3 lobes fused togethe
r
at base for 2 mm, lower lobes linear, 5 b
y
1 mm,
apex acute, upper lobes 5 mm long, each lobe 1–1.2
m
m wide with the middle lobe widest. Corolla
2-lipped, purple outside, sli
g
htl
y
darker purple
i
nside, very dark purple at base of lower lobes but
sometimes this broken up with paler patches, pale
g
reen at base of upper lobes; tube 4. 5–4.7 mm
l
ong; upper lip 2-lobed, 6–8.5 mm long, individual
l
obes ovate, 6 by 6.5 mm, apex rounded; lower lip
11–12.5 mm lon
g
, lower lobe 8 b
y
8.7 mm, lateral
l
obes 9 by 8.1 mm; sparsely puberulent throughout
o
utside, with sessile glands in tube and base of
l
obes inside, more densel
y
so at base of uppe
r
TWO NEW SPECIES OF PETROCOSMEA
(
GESNERIACEAE
)
FROM THAILAND
(
D.J. MIDDLETON & P. TRIBOUN
)
45
F
igure 2. Petrocosmea pubescens D.J.Middleton & Triboun: A. habit; B. fl ower dissection, lower lip; C. fl ower dissection, upper lip;
D
. cal
y
x opened out; E. stamen, dorsal view; F. stamen, ventral view; G. stamen, lateral view; H. stamens touchin
g
face to face as
i
n fl ower; I. pistil, ventral view; J. pistil, lateral view. Scale bars: A = 10 cm, B, C, 6 mm, D–J = 4 mm. A–J from
Middleton
et
al
.
4
553
(
E
).
THAI FOREST BULLETIN
(
BOTANY
)
38
46
F
igure 3.
Petrocosmea bicolor
D.J.Middleton & Triboun: A. whole plant showing both leaf types and an infl orescence; B. close up
r
o
f fl ower and sessile leaves; C. fl owers with paler upper corolla lobes. Both forms occur in mixed populations;
P
etrocosmea pubescens
D
.J.Middleton & Triboun: D. whole plant showin
g
peltate leaves and purple fl owers; E. close up of fl owers
.
A
E
D
B
C
TWO NEW SPECIES OF PETROCOSMEA
(
GESNERIACEAE
)
FROM THAILAND
(
D.J. MIDDLETON & P. TRIBOUN
)
47
l
obes. Stamens 2
,
inserted at base of corolla tube
,
anthers adnate face to face; fi laments 2.4 mm long,
broadening at base to 1.2 mm wide; anthers 4 by
2.1 mm, covered in sessile
g
lands, with tubules at
apex 1.2 mm long; 3 staminodes 0.9 mm long.
Ovary 2.6 mm long, densely long puberulent and
with minute sessile
g
lands; st
y
le 8.5 mm lon
g
,
densely long puberulent at base, hairs becoming
s
horter and sparser towards apex where it is glabrous.
Fruit a short capsule, 10–12 mm lon
g
.
Thailan
d.
— NORTHERN
:
Chian
g
Rai [Mae
Fa Luang District, Doi Tung, montane deciduous
forest on karst limestone, 23 Sept. 2008,
Middleton
,
K
a
r
aket
,
T
r
iboun
,
K
awatkul
&
M
eeboon
y
a4
553
(
BK
,
BK
F
,
E
); Mae Sai District, Doi Tung, west
s
ide and below summit of Pa Hung, near entrance
t
o Wat Pra Tat
,
30 Oct. 2005
,
Palee
872
(
C
M
U
)
;
i
bid, 23 May 2006, P
alee
947
(
C
M
U
)
; ibid, 2 Se
p
t.
2006
,
P
alee
1018
(
C
M
U
)
; ibid, 1350 m, 19 Oct.
2006
,
P
alee
1040
(
C
M
U
)
].
Distribution.— Only known from Doi Tung
i
n Chian
g
Rai, Thailand
.
Ecology.— In montane deciduous forest on
k
ar
s
t lim
es
t
o
n
e
at 1350–1400 m in altit
ude.
Flowering and fruiting periods unknown.
Notes.— This is
p
erha
p
s the most distinctive
s
pecies of P
et
r
ocosmea
sec
t
.
D
einanthe
r
a
due
t
o
t
he peltate leaves and deep purple corollas. No
o
ther s
p
ecies in P
et
r
ocosmea
sec
t
.
D
einanthe
r
a
h
ave peltate leaves and only P
et
r
ocosmea
bicolo
r
h
as such deep purple corollas, albeit not uniforml
y
i
n that s
p
ecies
.
A
C
K
NOW
LED
G
EME
N
T
S
W
e would like to thank
U
. Kawatkul
&
R.
Meeboonya for their collaboration during the fi eld
w
ork, and P. Karaket for his help in the fi eld and his
excellent photo
g
raphs. Claire Banks is thanked fo
r
t
he illustrations.
W
e would also like to thank The
R
oyal Botanic Garden Edinburgh and the Thai
B
iodiversit
y
Research and Trainin
g
Pro
g
ram (BRT)
f
o
r fi nan
c
ial a
ss
i
s
tan
ce
f
o
r th
e
fi
e
l
d
wo
rk
.
R
EFERE
NC
E
S
B
urtt, B.L.
(
1998
)
. A new s
p
ecies of P
et
r
ocosmea
.
The
G
loxinian 1998
(
1
)
: 14–15
.
B
urtt, B.L.
(
2001
)
. Flora of Thailand: annotated
c
hecklist of
G
esneriaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin
(Botany) 29: 81–109
.
Möller, M., Pfosser, M., Jang, C.-G., Mayer, V.,
C
lark, A., Hollin
g
sworth, M.L., Barfuss,
M.H.J., Wang, Y.-Z., Kiehn, M. & Weber, A.
(2009). A preliminary phylogeny of the
‘did
y
mocarpoid Gesneriaceae’ based on three
m
olecular data sets: Incongruence with avail-
able tribal classifi cations. American Journal of
B
otan
y
96: 989–1010.
W
ang, W.-T. (1985). The second revision of the
ge
nus P
et
r
ocosmea
(
Gesneriaceae
)
. Acta
B
otanica Yunnanica 7: 49–68.
Li, Z.-Y. & Wang, Y.-Z. (2004). Plants of
G
esneriaceae in China. Henan Science &
Technolo
gy
Publishin
g
House, pp.154–165, in
C
hinese
.
... The genus Petrocosmea Oliv. currently comprises nearly 70 species, and is distributed mainly through northeastern India, northern Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and into China ((GRC, 2022;Li et al., 2020;Li and Wang, 2004;Middleton and Triboun, 2010;Oliver, 1887;Qiu and Liu, 2015;Wang et al., 1998). The Flora of China (Wang et al., 1998) and Plants of Gesneriaceae (Li and Wang, 2004) list 24 species and 4 varieties of this genus from China, and 34 species and 4 varieties were recorded from China in the recent revision in Plants of Petrocosmea (Qiu and Liu, 2015) based on molecular and morphological data. ...
... Examination of the flower and fruit characteristics allowed the authors to identify the species as belonging to Petrocosmea. After careful examination of the relevant specimens and literature surrounding the genus Petrocosmea in the adjacent regions (Han et al., 2018(Han et al., , 2019(Han et al., , 2022Huang and Xin, 2021;Jiang et al., 2020;Li and Wang, 2004;Middleton and Triboun, 2010;Qiu and Liu, 2015;Qiu et al., 2012;Wang et al., 1998;Wang et al., 2013;Yang et al., 2019), it was concluded that this plant represents a species new to science. Here, the new species Petrocosmea hsiwenii Lei Cai, J.D.Ya & J.Cai is described, and its morphological characters are compared with the closely related species P. rosettifolia C.Y.Wu ex H.W.Li ( Fig. S1 Diagnosis: Petrocosmea hsiwenii morphologically resembles P. rosettifolia in the shape, color and structure of the flowers, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by the following characters. ...
Petrocosmea hsiwenii (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China
Article
Full-text available
  • Nov 2022
Petrocosmea hsiwenii Lei Cai, J.D.Ya & J.Cai, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Jinping County, southeastern Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to P. rosettifolia C.Y.Wu ex H.W.Li in the shape, color and structure of the flowers, but it can be easily distinguished by the shape of the leaf blade, the number of lateral veins, the indumentum characters of the leaves, stem, anther and pistil, as well as the type of inflorescence. The morphological relationship between this and similar species is discussed, and a detailed descriptions is provided, together with colored photographs, and information on the distribution. We propose that P. hsiwenii be assigned an IUCN conservation status of endangered (EN).
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... Petrocosmea has more than 50 known species distributed in China, Vietnam, Thailand and India ( Han et al. 2018b); Didymocarpus has approximately 70 species range from northwest India, eastwards through Nepal, Bhutan, northeast India, Myanmar, to southern China, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, the Malay Peninsula and northwards to Sumatra (Weber and Burtt 1998;Weber et al. 2000;Möller et al. 2016a;Hong et al. 2018); Henckelia has 64 known species found in Sri Lanka, southern and north-eastern India, Nepal, Bhutan, southern China, northern Laos, northern Vietnam and northern Thai- land (Weber et al. 2011;Sirimongkol et al. 2019). After thorough comparisons of diagnostic morphological, anatomical features and herbarium specimens available at BM, E, HITBC, K, KUN, NYBG and P with similar taxa of Petrocosmea, Didymocarpus, and Henckelia, and consulting the relevant literature for Petrocosmea (Wang 1985; Wang et al. 1990Wang et al. , 1998Burtt 1998a;Li and Wang 2004;Wei and Wen 2009;Gou et al. 2010;Middleton and Triboun 2010;Zhao and Shui 2010;Shaw 2011;Xu et al. 2011; Qiu and Liu 2015; Qiu et al. 2011Qiu et al. , 2012Qiu et al. , 2015aQiu et al. , 2015bWang et al. 2013;Zhang et al. 2013;Han et al. 2017Han et al. , 2018aHan et al. , 2018b), Didymocarpus ( Wang et al. 1998;Burtt 1998bBurtt , 1999Burtt , 2001Weber et al. 2000;Hilliard 2001;Li and Wang 2004;Nangngam and Maxwell 2013;Wen et al. 2013;Li and Li 2014;Nangngam and Middleton 2014;Phuong et al. 2014;Li and Wang 2015;Cai et al. 2016;Joe et al. 2016;Hong et al. 2018), and Henckelia ( Wang et al. 1998;Weber and Burtt 1998;Burtt 2001;Weber et al. 2011;Middleton et al. 2010;Ranasinghe et al. 2016;Sirimongkol et al. 2019) from China and adjacent regions, it was confirmed that the four species were new to science. Here, they are described and illustrated with photographs and drawings. ...
... Petrocosmea has more than 50 known species distributed in China, Vietnam, Thailand and India ( Han et al. 2018b); Didymocarpus has approximately 70 species range from northwest India, eastwards through Nepal, Bhutan, northeast India, Myanmar, to southern China, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, the Malay Peninsula and northwards to Sumatra (Weber and Burtt 1998;Weber et al. 2000;Möller et al. 2016a;Hong et al. 2018); Henckelia has 64 known species found in Sri Lanka, southern and north-eastern India, Nepal, Bhutan, southern China, northern Laos, northern Vietnam and northern Thai- land (Weber et al. 2011;Sirimongkol et al. 2019). After thorough comparisons of diagnostic morphological, anatomical features and herbarium specimens available at BM, E, HITBC, K, KUN, NYBG and P with similar taxa of Petrocosmea, Didymocarpus, and Henckelia, and consulting the relevant literature for Petrocosmea (Wang 1985; Wang et al. 1990Wang et al. , 1998Burtt 1998a;Li and Wang 2004;Wei and Wen 2009;Gou et al. 2010;Middleton and Triboun 2010;Zhao and Shui 2010;Shaw 2011;Xu et al. 2011; Qiu and Liu 2015; Qiu et al. 2011Qiu et al. , 2012Qiu et al. , 2015aQiu et al. , 2015bWang et al. 2013;Zhang et al. 2013;Han et al. 2017Han et al. , 2018aHan et al. , 2018b), Didymocarpus ( Wang et al. 1998;Burtt 1998bBurtt , 1999Burtt , 2001Weber et al. 2000;Hilliard 2001;Li and Wang 2004;Nangngam and Maxwell 2013;Wen et al. 2013;Li and Li 2014;Nangngam and Middleton 2014;Phuong et al. 2014;Li and Wang 2015;Cai et al. 2016;Joe et al. 2016;Hong et al. 2018), and Henckelia ( Wang et al. 1998;Weber and Burtt 1998;Burtt 2001;Weber et al. 2011;Middleton et al. 2010;Ranasinghe et al. 2016;Sirimongkol et al. 2019) from China and adjacent regions, it was confirmed that the four species were new to science. Here, they are described and illustrated with photographs and drawings. ...
Four new species of Gesneriaceae from Yunnan, Southwest China
Article
Full-text available
  • Aug 2019
Four new species of Gesneriaceae from Yunnan, southwest China, are described and illustrated. They are Petrocosmea rhombifolia , Petrocosmea tsaii , Didymocarpus brevipedunculatus , and Henckelia xinpingensis . Diagnostic characters between the new species and their morphologically close relatives are provided. Their distribution, ecology, phenology, and conservation status are also described.
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... Their inflorescence is rarely a sub umbel, usually lax, 1-4(-8)-flowered, with actinomorphic to rarely zygomorphic calyx, blue to purple or pale purple or white zygomorphic corolla with glabrous to puberulent inside, unswollen tube which is shorter than the limb, 2 lipped limb, two stamens with basifixed anthers, staminodes adnate to the adaxial side of the corolla tube, conical to broadly ovoid ovary, capsule straight to pedicel, nearly as long as calyx, with unappendaged seeds (Wang 1985, Möller et al. 2016. The genus Petrocosmea Oliv., is presently having about 70 species (Weber et al. 2013, GRC 2024, mainly distributed in northeast India, China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam (Wang 1985, Burtt 2001, Middleton and Triboun 2010, Qiu and Liu 2015. So far only two species are reported from India and only one species is reported from the state Arunachal Pradesh (Krishna et al. 2020). ...
Petrocosmea arunachalensis: A new species of Gesneriaceae from Northeast India
Article
  • Jun 2024
Petrocosmea arunachalensis, a new species of Gesneriaceae, is described and illustrated from West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. The new species is similar to P. nanchuanensis, and P. parryorum, but differs from the former in having much bigger, lanceolate ovate to lanceolate elliptic leaves, uniformly entire margins, more numerous lateral veins, inflorescence with long peduncles, short pedicels, and more numerous flowers, striated corolla, hairy filaments and number of staminodes, and from the later by more numerous leaves per plant, texture of leaves, uniformly entire margins, more numerous lateral veins, green calyx, corolla colour and striation, and colour of the hairs on the filaments. The new species is assessed as Data Deficient according to the IUCN Red List criteria.
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... Didymocarpoideae (Weber et al. 2013, Jiang et al. 2020. They are mainly distributed in the South China Karst Region, with the richest diversity on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and its extension areas, but traces of them have also been found in northeastern India and northern Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam (Burtt 2001, Middleton and Triboun 2010, Tran et al. 2020. Since the second revision in 1985, nearly 30 new species of this genus have been published (Wang 1985, Jiang et al. 2020. ...
Petrocosmea purpureomaculata sp. nov. and P. wui sp. nov. (Gesneriaceae) from Yunnan, China with additions to P. coerulea and P. parryorum
Article
Full-text available
  • Mar 2022
Two new species of Petrocosmea (Gesneriaceae), P. purpureomaculata M.Q. Han, J. Cai & J. D. Ya from Jinping County and P. wui M.Q. Han, J. Cai & J. D. Ya from Eshan County, Yunnan Province, China, are described and illustrated. Petrocosmea wui was previously misidentified as P. coerulea due to its shield‐shaped leaf base, but can be distinguished by several salient characters. Petrocosmea purpureomaculata is most similar to but distinguishable from P. parryorum. Additions and revisions of previously published descriptions of P. coerulea and P. parryorum, are also provided.
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... A specimen, Baba et al. 103535, collected from Myanmar, Shan State, Lomkok Mountain at 1106 m elevation, has the anther shape characteristic of Petrocosmea sect. Deinanthera, which has about nine species altogether and which is most diverse in nearby northern Thailand (Wang, 1985;Middleton & Triboun, 2010). It is not one of the known species of this section so is here described as new. ...
A new species of Petrocosmea (Gesneriaceae) from Myanmar
Article
Full-text available
  • Dec 2021
The new species Petrocosmea villosa D.J.Middleton from Shan State, Myanmar is described. It is most similar to Petrocosmea kerrii Craib, P. crinita (W.T.Wang) Z.J.Qiu and P. heterophylla B.L.Burtt in Petrocosmea sect. Deinanthera but differs particularly in inflorescence structure, inflorescence indumentum and in the long calyx lobes.
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... In April 2017, during a botanical expedition in SE Yunnan Province, near Vietnam's border, we collected some specimens and living plants bearing buds of an unknown species of Petrocosmea. Later, when they flowered in our greenhouse, we compared the plants with all recognized species of the genus in the relevant literature (Wang 1984, 1985, Wang and Pan 1990, Burtt 1998, Wang et al. 1998, Li and Wang 2005, Wei and Wen 2009, Gou et al. 2010, Middleton and Triboun 2010, Wei et al. 2010, Zhao and Shui 2010, Qiu et al. 2011, 2012, Shaw 2011, Xu et al. 2011, Wang et al. 2013, Zhang et al. 2013, Qiu and Liu 2015, Han et al. 2017, 2018a, 2018b, Li et al. 2019, Wen 2019, Yang et al. 2019 and against specimens of this genus in major herbaria: E, HITBC, IBK, IBSC, K, KUN, MO, NY, PE, US. We found that our newly collected specimen can be distinguished from most other species of Petrocosmea. ...
Petrocosmea adenophora (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China
Article
Full-text available
  • Mar 2021
  • NORD J BOT
A new species, Petrocosmea adenophora Z.J.Huang & Z.B.Xin, from SE Yunnan, China, is described here. It closely resembles P. iodioides Hemsl. in leaf blade shape and corolla type, but differs from the latter by some vegetative and generative characters, e.g. densely golden‐brown glandular puberulent all over the plant. We found only one population with no more than 200 mature individuals at the type locality. This species is provisionally assessed as data deficient (DD), following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, because more surveys are needed.
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... We also collected living plants and cultivated them in a glasshouse to observe floral characters including the morphology of dorsal petals, petals colors and anthers characters, which were normally used to differentiate species from one another. We then compared the specimens with existing herbarium specimens available at GXMI, IBK, KUN and PE and images available online at A, E, K, MO and P. We also reviewed all relevant literature (Wang 1985, Burtt 1998, Li and Wang 2004, Wei and Wen 2009, Gou et al. 2010, Middleton and Triboun 2010, Zhao and Shui 2010, Shaw 2011, Qiu et al. 2011, Xu et al. 2011, 2012, 2015a, b, Wang et al. 2013, Zhang et al. 2013. Through these efforts, we found a new species among the cultivated plants which is described below as P. chiwui. ...
Two new species of Petrocosmea (Gesneriaceae) from Yunnan, China
Article
Full-text available
  • Dec 2020
Petrocosmea chiwui M.Q.Han, H. Jiang & Yan Liu and P. rotundifolia M.Q.Han, H. Jiang & Yan Liu (Gesneriaceae), two new species native to Yunnan, China, are described and illustrated.
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... In 2016, however, we were fortunate to collect and observe P. leiandra from the type locality and establish more differences between the two species. After careful comparison of the material of the putative new species with the morphological characters of other species in the genus known in literature (Wang 1984(Wang , 1985Burtt 1998;Li & Wang 2004;Wei & Wen 2009;Gou et al. 2010;Middleton & Triboun 2010;Zhao & Shui 2010;Shaw 2011;Xu et al. 2011;Qiu & Liu 2015;Qiu et al. 2011Qiu et al. , 2012Qiu et al. , 2015aQiu et al. , 2015bWang et al. 2013;Zhang et al. 2013), as well as studies on herbarium specimens in major herbaria (GXMI, IBK, KUN, PE), we conclude that our specimens represent a new species, which we describe and illustrate here. Perennial herbs, with short rhizomes and crowded fibrous roots. ...
Petrocosmea qiruniae (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guizhou, China with supplementary data and revised description of P. leiandra
Article
Full-text available
  • Jun 2019
Petrocosmea qiruniae M.Q.Han, Li Bing Zhang & Yan Liu (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guizhou, China, is described and illustrated. It is most similar to P. leiandra (W.T.Wang) Z.J.Qiu in leaf blade shape and corolla type, especially in the colour of corolla throat and spots, indumentum of the stamens and the anther and ovary morphology. It was found on humid cliffs in an enormous limestone cave called the Qingxu Cave. In addition, Petrocosmea leiandra, based on P. martini H.Lév. var. leiandra W.T.Wang, originally published with very few descriptive data, is supplemented with more morphological data and a revised description.
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... The images of specimens available in virtual herbaria including A, E, K, MO and P were also consulted. After reviewing all relevant literature (Wang 1985, Wang et al. 1990, Burtt 1998, Li and Wang 2004, Wei and Wen 2009, Gou et al. 2010, Middleton and Triboun 2010, Zhao and Shui 2010, Shaw 2011, Xu et al. 2011, Qiu et al. 2011, 2012, 2015a, 2015b, Wang et al. 2013, Zhang et al. 2013) and the specimens, we conclude that our species is morphologically distinguishable from all others and represent an undescribed species, which we describe below. ...
Petrocosmea chrysotricha sp. nov. (Petrocosmea, Gesneriaceae), a species previously mistaken for P. begoniifolia on marlstone cliffs in Yunnan, China
Article
Full-text available
  • Apr 2018
Petrocosmea chrysotricha M.Q.Han, H. Jiang & Yan Liu, a new species from Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated. Petrocosmea chrysotricha was found growing with P. melanophthalma on damp marlstone cliffs in evergreen broad‐leaved forest on Mopan Shan. The new species has been grown for decades by Gesneriad enthusiasts under the name P. begoniifolia for decades and it is indeed similar to P. begoniifolia in its oblique campanulate corolla tube, but differs by having filaments covered with golden lanate indumentum in the middle part and by having primrose yellow flowers at the beginning if anthesis, then turning white.
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... In a field exploration in the spring of 2015, we found a rare species of Petrocosmea growing on limestone cliffs at cave entrances in Yunnan Province. After a careful morphological examination of the plants by comparing both the floral characters and plant habit with all recognized species of the genus in the relevant literature (Burtt 1998, Wei & Wen 2009, Gou et al. 2010, Middleton & triboun 2010, Zhao & Shui 2010, Shaw 2011, Xu et al. 2011, Qiu & liu 2015, Qiu et al. 2011, 2012, 2015a, 2015b, Wang et al. 2013, and specimens in the herbaria (GXMI, IBK, KUN, PE), we conclude that the species is distinguishable from all others morphologically and represents an undescribed species, which we describe below. differs from the latter in having leaves which are elliptic or ovate to widely ovate in shape, leaf base cordate, both adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces covered with pannose hairs, and filaments glabrous. ...
Petrocosmea magnifica (Gesneriaceae): A new species from limestone caves in Yunnan, China
Article
Full-text available
  • Sep 2017
Petrocosmea magnifica M.Q.Han & Yan Liu, from eastern Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated. P. magnifica is most similar to P. melanophthalma in having highly reflexed backward and shortly semi-orbicular upper corolla lobes, but it differs by having leaves covered with pannose hairs on both surfaces and cordate at base.
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A preliminary phylogeny of the ‘didymocarpoid Gesneriaceae’ based on three molecular data sets: Incongruence with available tribal classifications
Article
Full-text available
  • May 2009
The 'didymocarpoid Gesneriaceae' (traditional subfam. Cyrtandroideae excluding Epithemateae) are the largest group of Old World Gesneriaceae, comprising 85 genera and 1800 species. We attempt to resolve their hitherto poorly understood generic relationships using three molecular markers on 145 species, of which 128 belong to didymocarpoid Gesneriaceae. Our analyses demonstrate that consistent topological relationships can be retrieved from data sets with missing data using subsamples and different combinations of gene sequences. We show that all available classifications in Old World Gesneriaceae are artificial and do not reflect natural relationships. At the base of the didymocarpoids are grades of clades comprising isolated genera and small groups from Asia and Europe. These are followed by a clade comprising the African and Madagascan genera. The remaining clades represent the advanced Asiatic and Malesian genera. They include a major group with mostly twisted capsules. The much larger group of remaining genera comprises exclusively genera with straight capsules and the huge genus Cyrtandra with indehiscent fruits. Several genera such as Briggsia, Henckelia, and Chirita are not monophyletic; Chirita is even distributed throughout five clades. This degree of incongruence between molecular phylogenies, traditional classifications, and generic delimitations indicates the problems with classifications based on, sometimes a single, morphological characters.
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A new species of Petrocosmea
  • Jan 1998
  • 14-15
  • B L Burtt
Burtt, B.L. (1998). A new species of Petrocosmea. The Gloxinian 1998(1): 14-15.
Flora of Thailand: annotated checklist of Gesneriaceae
  • Jan 2001
  • 81-109
  • B L Burtt
Burtt, B.L. (2001). Flora of Thailand: annotated checklist of Gesneriaceae. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 29: 81-109.
The second revision of the genus Petrocosmea (Gesneriaceae)
  • Jan 1985
  • 49-68
  • W.-T Wang
Wang, W.-T. (1985). The second revision of the genus Petrocosmea (Gesneriaceae). Acta Botanica Yunnanica 7: 49-68.