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Study on Degradation of Leather Objects by Conservation Environment: Focus on the Effect by Ultraviolet Light (UV) and Moisture
Abstract
In case of leather objects, degradation usually occurs by a combination of factors such as temperature and relative humidity, light and insect and fungi. Because chemical composition differs on the types of leather materials, leather objects affect differently even in the same environment. According to UV degradation, the overall color and gloss difference appeared severe in turn of the cowskin, sheepskin and pigskin specimens. In addition, despite short-term period of RH degradation, leather materials showed stable result on high RH circumstances. Nevertheless, if the leather sustained for a long time on the high RH, the environment can be the cause of mold or microorganisms. This study is to understand the leather objects and the future conservation and then to establish the conservational management of leather object for the future.
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Archaeological leather, especially that which comes from wet excavation sites, has long challenged conservators who wish to preserve it so that it will be long lasting, stable, and informative for cultural analysis. Both the unique structure of the artifact and the detrimental waterlogged environment must be overcome to achieve acceptable results. Many methods have been used to conserve leather with varying degrees of success. The three most common methods of conservation are drying, consolidation, and the use of chemical dressings. The purpose of this research is to compare two methods of consolidation: silicone impregnation and sucrose bulking. Silicone impregnation has been used in leather conservation with excellent results, and its effects have been compared with those of several other consolidation methods, but never to sucrose. In fact, sucrose has never been used as a conservation agent in leather, and has rather been used only in the conservation of waterlogged wood. Parallel testing of polymer bulking and sucrose impregnation confirmed the superiority of samples treated with Passivation Polymer technology in terms of retaining diagnostic characteristics. However, it also proved that sucrose impregnation may serve as a quick, cheap, and reversible method of conservation, particularly for developing conservation programs.
Conservation of leather and related materials
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