Conference Paper

140-km 20-Gbit/s repeaterless transmission employing distributed erbium amplification

February 1992

DOI:10.1364/OFC.1992.TuI5

Conference: Optical Fiber Communication Conference

Authors:

BT

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Nonlinear, dispersion-free 10 GHz optical pulse train transmission in distributed erbium-doped fibre

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Mar 1991

The transmission of a 10 GHz repetition rate optical pulse train over a 28.5 km long distributed erbium-doped fibre amplifier is reported. In the linear dispersion regime, the pulses broaden so that the tails of adjacent pulses overlap. However, given sufficiently high signal powers, the optical Kerr effect causes pulse narrowing back to the original 18 ps pulsewidth.

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Flexible hollow glass waveguides with bore diameters as small as 250 μm have been developed for 3-μm laser delivery. All the guides exhibit straight losses between 0.10 and 1.73 dB/m, and the loss increases to between 2.4 and 5.1 dB/m upon bending 1 m of the guides into 15-cm-diameter coils. This behavior is shown to depend strongly on the launch conditions and mode quality of the input beam. The ... [Show full abstract] waveguides are capable of efficiently delivering up to 8 W of Er:YAG laser power with proper input coupling, and they are suitable for use in both medical and industrial applications.

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A 351.4 km CPFSK repeaterless transmission at 2.5 Gbit/s is described, which uses a newly developed post amplifier consisting of two erbium-doped fibres. Amplifier output power of +18.8 dBm and a maximum allowable attenuation as high as 63.8 dB in the optical link were achieved.

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We describe the use of fiber Brillouin amplification (FBA) for the coherent transmission of optical frequencies over a 480 km long optical fiber link. FBA uses the transmission fiber itself for efficient, bi-directional coherent amplification of weak signals with pump powers around 30 mW. In a test setup we measured the gain and the achievable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of FBA and compared it to ... [Show full abstract] that of the widely used uni-directional Erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) and to our recently built bi-directional EDFA. We measured also the phase noise introduced by the FBA and used a new and simple technique to stabilize the frequency of the FBA pump laser. We then transferred a stabilized laser frequency over a wide area network with a total fiber length of 480 km using only one intermediate FBA station. After compensating the noise induced by the fiber, the frequency is delivered to the user end with an uncertainty below 2 × 10⁻¹⁸ and an instability σy (τ) = 2 × 10⁻¹⁴ /(τ/s).

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Distortion of a broadband-intensity signal during its transmission through a chain of lumped amplifi...

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Experiments on soliton pulse transmission through optical fiber on the distance of up to 10000 km [1] confirm the possibility of realization of ultra long high-bit-rate soliton communication systems. At the present moment it seems most reliable to compensate the optical fiber losses with the help of lumped erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, periodically placed along all the transmission distance. As ... [Show full abstract] the value of the erbium fiber amplifier saturation power is not very high (~ 0.5 mW), than the influence of the amplifier saturation could affect on the signal transmission in the soliton regime [2]. The amplifier saturation in soliton communication systems could result in decreasing of the soliton sequence signal-noise ratio. This effect can be accumulated after transmission through a large number of amplifiers (> 300 for L ≈ 10000 km [1]).

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We present, what we believe are, the first polarisation mode dispersion (PMD) measurements reported on distributed erbium doped fibres (DEDF), together with theoretical modelling of PMD and discuss their implications for high bit rate soliton transmission over DEDF amplifier links