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Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 17
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae,
Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda,
Orthalicoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London
Abraham S. H. Breure
1
, Jonathan D. Ablett
2
1 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, Leiden, the Netherlands 2 Natural History Museum, Division
of Higher Invertebrates, London, SW7 5BD, UK
Corresponding author: Abraham S. H. Breure (ashbreure@gmail.com)
Academic editor: E. Neubert|Received 3 September 2014|Accepted 25 November 2014|Published 12 January 2015
http://zoobank.org/0E78A6A9-0B82-4011-99EE-D5895E7F8A9E
Citation:
Breure ASH, Ablett JD (2015) Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae
(Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London. ZooKeys 470: 17–143. doi: 10.3897/
zookeys.470.8548
Abstract
e type status is described for 65 taxa of the Orthalicoidea, classied within the families Megaspiridae (14),
Orthalicidae (30), and Simpulopsidae (20); one taxon is considered a nomen inquirendum. Lectotypes are
designated for the following taxa: Helix brephoides d’Orbigny, 1835; Simpulopsis cumingi Pfeier, 1861;
Bulimulus (Protoglyptus) dejectus Fulton, 1907; Bulimus iris Pfeier, 1853. e type status of Bulimus salteri
Sowerby III, 1890, and Strophocheilus (Eurytus) subirroratus da Costa, 1898 is now changed to lectotype
according Art. 74.6 ICZN. e taxa Bulimus loxostomus Pfeier, 1853, Bulimus marmatensis Pfeier, 1855,
Bulimus meobambensis Pfeier, 1855, and Orthalicus powissianus var. niveus Preston 1909 are now gured
for the rst time. e following taxa are now considered junior subjective synonyms: Bulimus marmatensis
Pfeier, 1855 = Helix (Cochlogena) citrinovitrea Moricand, 1836; Vermiculatus Breure, 1978 = Bocourtia
Rochebrune, 1882. New combinations are: Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) Rochebrune, 1882; Kuschelenia
(Bocourtia) aequatoria (Pfeier, 1853); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) anthisanensis (Pfeier, 1853); Kuschelenia
(Bocourtia) aquila (Reeve, 1848); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) badia (Sowerby I, 1835); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia)
bicolor (Sowerby I, 1835); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) caliginosa (Reeve, 1849); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) coagulata
(Reeve, 1849); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) cotopaxiensis (Pfeier, 1853); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) laris (Pfeier,
1853); Kara indentata (da Costa, 1901); Clathrorthalicus magnicus (Pfeier, 1848); Simpulopsis (Eudioptus)
marmartensis (Pfeier, 1855); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) nucina (Reeve, 1850); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) ochracea
(Morelet, 1863); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) peaki (Breure, 1978); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) petiti (Pfeier, 1846);
Clathrorthalicus phoebus (Pfeier, 1863); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) polymorpha (d’Orbigny, 1835); Scholvienia
porphyria (Pfeier, 1847); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) purpurata (Reeve, 1849); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia)
ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
doi: 10.3897/zookeys.470.8548
http://zookeys.pensoft.net
Copyright A.S.H. Breure, J.D. Ablett. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC
BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Launched to accelerate biodiversity research
A peer-reviewed open-access journal
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
18
quechuarum Crawford, 1939; Quechua salteri (Sowerby III, 1890); Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) subfasciata
Pfeier, 1853; Clathrorthalicus victor (Pfeier, 1854). In an addedum a lectotype is being designated for
Bulimulus (Drymaeus) interruptus var. pallidus Preston, 1909. An index is included to all taxa mentioned in
this paper and the preceding ones in this series (Breure and Ablett 2011, 2012, 2014).
Keywords
Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, Simpulopsidae, types
Introduction
is is the fourth paper on the types of Orthalicoidea in the Natural History Museum,
London. Earlier papers (Breure and Ablett 2011, 2012, 2014) have presented the con-
text of the collection, the criteria used for the selection of lectotypes, some biohistorical
notes, and a list of type specimens belonging to the Amphibulimidae, Bothriembry-
ontidae, Bulimulidae, and Odontostomidae. e aim of this paper is to provide data on
the type specimens classied within the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae
(sensu Breure and Romero 2012). e paper is concluded with an addenda and cor-
rigenda to the whole series of papers, including a list of taxa of which no type material
could be found; in the Appendix, an index to all taxa treated in the four papers is given.
References are given to the original publication, plus those of following papers
where type material has been mentioned or is (re-)gured. Dates of publication are in
accordance with Coan et al. (2013a, 2013b) and Duncan (1937). Abbreviations used
for depositories of material are: ANSP, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia,
U.S.A.; MHNG, Muséum d’Histoire naturelle, Genève, Switzerland; MNHN, Mu-
séum nationale d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France; MZSP, Museu de Zoología, São
Paulo, Brazil; NHMUK, Natural History Museum, London, U.K.; RBINS, Royal Bel-
gian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium. Other abbreviations used are:
/ end of line in cited text; coll., collection; D, diameter; H, shell height; ICZN, the
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature; leg., legit, collected by; W,
number of whorls; +, used for specimens with a broken apex. See Breure and Whisson
(2012: g. 1) for the way measurements on the shell have been taken. Label styles in
the Cuming collection (“M.C. label style”) are explained in Breure and Ablett (2011:
7–8). Although most gures have been composed with the shells enlarged, their relative
size is approximately maintained; the actual shell height is given in the gures legends.
Systematics
Systematic list of taxa arranged in generic order
is systematic list follows Breure (1979) as far as appropriate. e generic classication
has been adapted from Breure (1979), Breure and Schouten (1985), and unpublished
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 19
data from the senior author; the family classication is amended as proposed by Breure
and Romero (2012). It may be noted that ongoing phylogenetic research may alter
the classication. Within the family, genus and species level taxa are presented in
alphabetical order.
Family Megaspiridae Pilsbry, 1904
Megaspira Jay, 1836
elata Gould, 1847.
aumastus Albers, 1860
achilles Pfeier, 1853; ascendens Pfeier, 1853; buckleyi Higgins, 1872; consimilis Reeve,
1848; foveolatus Reeve, 1849; hartwegi Pfeier in Philippi, 1846; inca d’Orbigny,
1835; insolitus Preston, 1909; integer Pfeier, 1855; loxostomus Pfeier 1853; mag-
nicus Grateloup, 1839; plumbeus Pfeier, 1855; requieni Pfeier, 1853.
Remarks. Molecular studies (Breure and Romero 2012, Breure unpublished data)
strongly suggest that this genus, treated with several subgenera by Breure (1979), is
polyphyletic and only the nominate taxon is grouping with Megaspira. However, fur-
ther studies are needed as taxon sampling has been relatively low until now.
Family Orthalicidae Martens in Albers, 1860
Clathrorthalicus Strebel, 1909
magnica Pfeier, 1848; phoebus Pfeier, 1863; victor Pfeier, 1854.
Corona Albers, 1850
gracilis E.A. Smith, 1902.
Kara Strebel, 1910
indentatus da Costa, 1901; thompsonii Pfeier, 1845; yanamensis Morelet, 1863.
Liguus Montfort, 1810
murrea Reeve, 1849.
Orthalicus Beck, 1837
bensoni Reeve, 1849; bifulguratus Reeve, 1849; boucardi Pfeier, 1860; mars Pfeier,
1861; phlogera d’Orbigny, 1835.
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
20
Porphyrobaphe (Oxyorthalicus) Strebel, 1909
subirroratus da Costa, 1898.
Porphyrobaphe (Porphyrobaphe) Shuttleworth, 1856
approximata Fulton, 1896; iris Pfeier, 1853; irroratus Reeve, 1849; saturanus Pfeier,
1860.
Quechua Strebel, 1910
salteri Sowerby III, 1890.
Remarks. Both this taxon described by Strebel and the next one (Scholvienia Strebel,
1910), previously treated as subgenera of aumastus (Breure 1979, Schileyko 1999),
are now elevated to generic rank as several species appear as distinct groups in molecu-
lar studies (Breure unpublished data). is genus is only provisionally ranked with this
family, and further molecular research with increased taxon sampling is needed to give
better insight into the systematic position of this group.
Scholvienia Strebel, 1910
alutaceus Reeve, 1849; brephoides d’Orbigny, 1835; porphyrius Pfeier, 1847.
Sultana (Metorthalicus) Pilsbry, 1899
deburghiae Reeve, 1859; fraseri Pfeier, 1858; gloriosus Pfeier, 1862; kelletti Reeve,
1850; niveus Preston, 1909; vicaria Fulton, 1896; yatesi Pfeier, 1855.
Sultana (Sultana) Shuttleworth, 1856
meobambensis Pfeier, 1855.
Family Simpulopsidae Schileyko, 1999
Leiostracus Albers, 1850
clouei Pfeier, 1857; demerarensis Pfeier, 1861; jereysi Pfeier, 1852; obliquus Reeve,
1849; opalinus Sowerby I, 1833; sarcochilus Pfeier, 1857; subtuszonata Pilsbry, 1899.
Rhinus Albers, 1860
hyaloideus Pfeier, 1855; ovulum Reeve, 1849.
Simpulopsis (Eudioptus) Albers, 1860
ephippium Ancey, 1904; marmatensis Pfeier, 1855.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 21
Simpulopsis (Simpulopsis) Beck, 1837
aenea Pfeier, 1861; corrugatus Guppy, 1866; cumingi Pfeier 1861; decussata Pfeier,
1857; gomesae da Silva & omé, 2006; miersi Pfeier, 1857; salomonia Pfeier,
1953; simulus Morelet, 1851; vincentina E.A. Smith, 1895.
Nomen inquirendum
dejectus Fulton, 1907.
Alphabetic list of taxa by species name
Bulimus achilles Pfeier, 1853
Figs 1i–ii, L1i
Bulimus achilles Pfeier 1853b: 378; Pfeier 1854b: 137; Pfeier 1855 in Küster and
Pfeier 1840–1865: 247, pl. 66 g. 9; Breure 1979: 44.
aumastus (aumastus) taunaisii achilles; Breure 1978: 32 (lectotype designation).
Type locality. [Brazil] “in ripis uvii Amazonum”.
Label. “Banks of Amazon”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.
Dimensions. “Long. 57, diam. 25 mill.”. Figured specimen H 58.0, D 25.5, W 6.4.
Type material. NHMUK 1975268, lectotype, 1975269, 2 paralectotypes (Cum-
ing coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but the species was described from the Cuming collection. e original label also men-
tions “between B. Largilliertii / + taunasii”; a label in a second (later?) hand has added
“Prov. S. Paulo, Brazil / (Nehring)”.e current systematic position is according to
Richardson (1995: 384).
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, aumastus taunaisii (Férussac, 1822).
Simpulopsis aenea Pfeier, 1861
Figs 27i–iii, L1ii
Simpulopsis aenea Pfeier 1861a [April]: 84; Pfeier 1861b [May]: 27; Reeve 1862
[1860–1862]: pl. 1 g. 7; Pfeier 1868a: 22; Breure 1979: 134.
Type locality. “Parada, reipublicae mexicanae (Sallé)”.
Label. “Parada, Mexico, M
r
Sallé”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C.
label style III.
Dimensions. “Diam. maj. 9, min. 8, alt. 5 1/2 mill.”. Figured specimen H 8.98,
D 10.6, W 2.5.
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
22
Type material. NHMUK 20140830, three syntypes, Sallé leg. (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based.
e current systematic position follows ompson (2011: 130). e reference to this
species in Richardson (1995: 361) cites the wrong author; the rst two citations in his
list should be omitted.
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Simpulopsis (Simpulopsis) aenea
Pfeier, 1861.
Bulimus alutaceus Reeve, 1849
Figs 10i–iv, L1iii
Bulimus alutaceus Reeve 1849 [1848–1850]: pl. 72 g. 522; Reeve 1850b: 99; Pfeier
1853b: 324; Breure 1979: 40 [cited with the wrong year].
Strophocheilus alutaceus; Pilsbry 1895 [1895–1896]: 59, pl. 23 g. 61.
aumastus (Scholvienia) alutaceus; Breure 1978: 40, g. 47 (lectotype designation).
Type locality. “Cuzco, Bolivia; W. Lobb”.
Label. “Cuzco”. M.C. label style III, V.
Dimensions. Not given. Figured specimen H 35.5, D 16.5, W 6.6.
Type material. NHMUK 1975148, lectotype, 1975149, one paralectotype. W.
Lobb leg. (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Reeve did not state on how many specimens his description was based.
As Weyrauch (1964: 46) has argued, the type locality is probably in error. e current
systematic position follows Richardson (1995: 371) at the species level. e familiar
arrangement cannot be ascertained at present; tentatively this taxon is classied with
the Orthalicidae until further research has proven its relationships.
Current systematic position. ?Orthalicidae, Scholvienia alutacea (Reeve, 1849).
Porphyrobaphe approximata Fulton, 1896
Figs 14i–ii, L1iv
Porphyrobaphe approximata Fulton 1896: 103; Fulton 1897: pl. 6 g. 6; Pilsbry 1899:
208, pl. 40 g. 1; Linares and Vera 2012: 156 [incorrect original name].
Type locality. [Colombia] “Bogota”.
Label. “Bogota”, in Fulton’s handwriting.
Dimensions. “Long. 67 millim., maj. diam. 31 millim.”. Figured specimen H
65.7, D 32.5, W 6.5.
Type material. NHMUK 1895.12.19.44, one syntype (ex Fulton).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 23
Remarks. Fulton did not state on how many specimens his description was based;
the single specimen found corresponds to his gure and is herein considered as syn-
type. e current systematic position is according to Richardson (1993: 117).
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Porphyrobaphe (Porphyrobaphe) approxi-
mata Fulton, 1896.
Bulimus ascendens Pfeier, 1853
Figs 2v–vi, L2i
Bulimus ascendens Pfeier 1853b: 378; Pfeier 1854b: 136; Pfeier 1855 in Küster
and Pfeier 1840–1865: 247, pl. 66 g. 7; Breure 1979: 44.
aumastus (aumastus) ascendens; Breure 1978: 26 (lectotype designation).
aumastus ascendens; Simone 2006: 152, g. 515.
Type locality. “Brasilia”.
Label. “Brazils”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.
Dimensions. “Long. 95 mill., diam. 34 mill.”. Figured specimen H 92.0, D 39.0, W –.
Type material. NHMUK 1975274, lectotype (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but the species was described from the Cuming collection. e top whorls of the specimen
are missing. e current systematic position is according to Simone (2006).
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, aumastus ascendens (Pfeier, 1853).
Bulimus bensoni Reeve, 1849
Figs 11v–vii, L2ii
Bulimus bensoni Reeve 1849 [1848–1850]: pl. 78 g. 571; Pfeier 1853 in Küster and
Pfeier 1840–1865: 75, pl. 21 g. 1.
Oxystyla bensoni; Pilsbry 1899: 147, pl. 31 g. 64.
Type locality. “Banks of the river Amazon”.
Label. “Brazil”. M.C. label style I, V.
Dimensions. Not given. Figured specimen H 66.6, D 35.0, W 7.9.
Type material. NHMUK 1975582, three possible syntypes (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Reeve described this taxon from “Mus. Benson”, but did not state on
how many specimens his description was based. According to Tillier (1980: 73), the
gured specimen is in the collection of the Museum of Zoology, University of Cam-
bridge. e material found is therefore considered as possible syntypes. e specimen
gured by Pfeier 1853 (in Küster and Pfeier 1840–1865: pl. 21 g. 1) was smaller
than Reeve’s gure, but also originated from Benson’s collection.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Orthalicus bensoni (Reeve, 1849).
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
24
Bulimus bifulguratus Reeve, 1849
Figs 12i–ii, L2iii
Bulimus bifulguratus Reeve 1849 [1848–1850]: pl. 82 g. 606.
Oxystyla bifulgurata; Pilsbry 1899: 143, pl. 31 gs 59–60.
Orthalicus bifulguratus; Breure and Schouten 1985: 29 (lectotype designation); Linares
and Vera 2012: 151.
Type locality. [Colombia] “Andes of Columbia”.
Label. “Andes of Colombia”. M.C. label style I, V.
Dimensions. Not given. Figured specimen H 56.9, D 32.8, W 5.8.
Type material. NHMUK 20140082, lectotype (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Reeve did not state on how many specimens his description was based.
e lectotype is not full-grown as shown by the lip. Pfeier (1853b: 388) mentioned
specimens from both “Mus. Cuming, Benson. et Coll. Nr. 260 jun.”; as shell height he
gave 65 mm, which was likely measured on a full-grown specimen. Richardson (1993:
98, 110) treated this taxon both as a separate species and as a junior subjective syno-
nym of Bulinus princeps Broderip in Sowerby I, 1833; tentatively this taxon is retained
as a full species awaiting further studies.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Orthalicus bifulguratus (Reeve, 1849).
Orthalicus boucardi Pfeier, 1860
Figs 12iii–v, L3i
Orthalicus boucardi Pfeier 1860: 138, pl. 51 g. 7.
Type locality. “Mexico (Mr. Boucard)”.
Label. “Betaza Mexico / Mr. Boucard”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C.
label style IV.
Dimensions. “Long. 43, diam. 25–26 mill.”. Figured specimen H 54.8, D 29.7, W 6.9.
Type material. NHMUK 20140081, three syntypes, Boucard leg. (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based.
e specimens found are larger than the measurements given by Pfeier, but undoubt-
edly were collected by Mr. Boucard, bear Pfeier’s handwriting, and are considered
syntypes herein. e type locality (Oaxaca, Sierra de Betaza) was specied by Martens
1893 [1890–1901]: 101 on the basis of Boucard’s material. e current systematic
position follows ompson (2011: 101).
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Orthalicus boucardi (Pfeier, 1860).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 25
Helix brephoides d’Orbigny, 1835
Figs 10v–vii, L3ii
Helix brephoides d’Orbigny 1835: 17.
Bulimus brephoides; d’Orbigny 1837 [1834–1847]: 294, pl. 38 gs 8–9 [text 6 May
1838]; Gray 1854: 19.
Strophocheilus brephoides; Pilsbry 1895 [1895–1896]: 57, pl. 28 gs 4–5.
Type locality. “republica Peruviana”.
Label. “Pérou”, in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.
Dimensions. “Longit. 52 millim., latit. 25 millim.”. Figured specimen H 51.9,
D 25.1, W 5.6.
Type material. NHMUK 1854.12.4.117, lectotype (d’Orbigny coll.).
Remarks. d’Orbigny did not state on how many specimens his description was
based. e specimen found corresponds to the gures of d’Orbigny and is here designat-
ed lectotype (design. n.) to dene the taxon, which has been compared to Bulimus taen-
iolus Nyst, 1845 (Pilsbry 1895 [1895–1896]: 57). d’Orbigny (1838 [1834–1847]: 294)
specied the type locality as follows: “Nous n’avons pas receuilli nous-même ce Bulime;
nous le devons à la bonté toute particulière de M. Mathius, botaniste anglais, que nous
avons rencontré à Lima, et qui l’avait apporté du verant oriental des Andes péruviennes,
à peu près par la latitude de Lima”; this would indicate the eastern part of Dept. Junín
(e.g., Chanchamayo region) as the likely source area. e classication at species level
follows Richardson (1995: 373), but further studies are needed to ascertain its status; for
the generic level see also the remarks under the systematic arrangement above.
Current systematic position. ?Orthalicidae, Scholvienia brephoides (d’Orbigny, 1835).
Orthalicus (Porphyrobaphe) buckleyi Higgins, 1872
Figs 3iv–v, L3iii
Orthalicus (Porphyrobaphe) buckleyi Higgins 1872: 685, pl. 56 g. 3.
Orthalicus (Methorthalicus) buckleyi; Pilsbry 1899: 193, pl. 41 g. 6.
aumastus (amastus) buckleyi; Breure 1978: 27; Breure 1979: 44; Breure and Bor-
rero 2008: 8.
Type locality. [Ecuador, Prov. Loja] “San Lucas”.
Label. “Ecuador”.
Dimensions. “Long. 93, lat. 36 mill.”. Figured specimen H 92.0, D 36.0, W 6.0.
Type material. NHMUK 1872.5.22.6, two syntypes (da Costa coll.).
Remarks. Higgins did not state on how many specimens his description was based.
Of the two syntypes mentioned by Breure (1978), only one could be found.
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, aumastus buckleyi (Higgins, 1872).
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
26
Bulimus clouei Pfeier, 1857
Figs 21i–iii, L4i
Bulimus clouei Pfeier 1857d: 390; Pfeier 1859: 408; Breure 1979: 127.
Drymaeus clouei; Pilsbry 1899: 94.
Leiostracus (Leiostracus) clouei; Breure 1978: 227 (lectotype designation).
Leiostracus clouei; Simone 2006: 121, g. 377.
Type locality. “Brazil (Mr. Cloué)”.
Label. “Brazils Mons Cloué”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.
Dimensions. “Long. 22, diam. 10 mill.”. Figured specimen H 22.2, D 11.1, W 7.2.
Type material. NHMUK 1975491, lectotype; 1975492, one paralectotype,
Cloué leg. (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based.
e current systematic position follows Simone (2006).
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Leiostracus clouei (Pfeier, 1857).
Bulimus consimilis Reeve, 1848
Figs 1iii–iv, L4ii
Bulimus consimilis Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 53 g. 346.
Type locality. “—?”.
Label. “Brazil”. M.C. label style I, V.
Dimensions. Not given. Figured specimen H 52.9, D 22.8, W 6.5.
Type material. NHMUK 20030189, three syntypes (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Reeve did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but wrote “[t]his shell approaches nearest to the B. Taunaisii, but is certainly distinct”.
Pfeier (1853: 406) considered this taxon a junior subjective synonym of Bulimus lar-
gillierti Philippi, 1842, which has been followed by later authors. e printed label also
mentions this name, and this is consistent with the index (Reeve 1850 [1848–1850]:
v); the locality “Brazil” has been added in a later hand.
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, aumastus largillierti (Philippi, 1842).
Simpulopsis corrugatus Guppy, 1866
Figs 24i–ii, L5i
Simpulopsis corrugatus Guppy 1866: 53; Breure 1979: 134.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 27
Type locality. “Trinidad”.
Label. “Trinidad”, presumably in Guppy’s handwriting.
Dimensions. “Height 0.38 inch, greatest breadth 0.47 inch [H 9.65, D 11.9
mm]”. Figured specimen H 9.27 (damaged), D 10.8, W 3.5.
Type material. NHMUK 1866.1.3.7, one syntype (ex Guppy).
Remarks. Guppy did not state on how many specimens his description was based;
the single specimen found is damaged. Guppy emendated the name “qu’il me paraît
préférable de féminiser, à l’exemple de Pfeier et de la plupart des auteurs” (Guppy
1878: 323). He also wrote “...je n’avais pu trouver que deux individus complétement
adultes et deux exemplaires jeunes de cette espèce (...) Au commencement de l’année
1877, j’ai été assez heureux pour découvrir six à sept autres individus adultes (...) Coll.
L. Guppy et H. Crosse”. From this text it is clear that Guppy had multiple specimens
at hand when originally describing this taxon, and also that the gure presented in this
paper (Guppy 1878: pl. 10 g. 5) is likely not from the type series.
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Simpulopsis (Simpulopsis) corrugata
Guppy, 1866.
Simpulopsis cumingi Pfeier, 1861
Figs 24iii–vi, L5ii
Simpulopsis cumingi Pfeier 1861a [April]: 84; Pfeier 1861b [May]: 27, pl. 3 g. 2;
Reeve 1862 [1860–1862]: pl. 1 g. 5; Pfeier 1868a: 22; Pilsbry 1899: 220, pl. 63
gs 61–62; Breure 1979: 134.
Type locality. “Mexico”.
Label. “Mexico”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style III.
Dimensions. “Diam. maj. 20 1/2, alt. 12 mill.”. Figured specimen H 14.1, D
19.0, W 3.4.
Type material. NHMUK 1975486, lectotype and one paralectotype (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based.
Two specimens have been found in the collection, of which one is designated lectotype (de-
sign. n.) to xate this poorly understood species. is taxon was compared to Simpulopsis
aenea by Pilsbry (1899), but has not been recognised by later authors. Richardson’s refer-
ences (1995: 363) to a citation for Venezuela [Richards and Wagenaar Hummelinck 1940:
7] and Brazil [Jaeckel 1952: 7] were in error; these authors mentioned “Tomigerus cumingi
Pfeier” [Odontostomidae]. e current systematic position is according to ompson
(2011: 130), who expressed doubt about the locality from which it was reported.
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Simpulopsis (Simpulopsis) cumingi
Pfeier, 1861.
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
28
Bulimus deburghiae Reeve, 1859
Figs 18i–ii, L5iii
Bulimus deburghiae Reeve 1859: 123; Pfeier 1868b: 15.
Sultana (Metorthalicus) deburghiae; Breure and Schouten 1985: 27 (lectotype designation).
Type locality. “Peruvian side of the Amazon”.
Label. “Banks of Amazon River / (Reeve)”, in Dance’s handwriting; see below.
Dimensions. “Long. 2 3/4 in. Lat. 1 1/4 in. [H 69.9, D 31.8 mm]”. Figured
specimen H 64.7, D 33.6, W 6+.
Type material. NHMUK 19601622, lectotype (ex DeBurgh).
Remarks. Reeve wrote “[a] ne shell”, but otherwise it is not clear from the con-
text that he had only one specimen at hand. e material is accompanied by a label
written in 1961 by S.P. Dance “is specimen does not suit Reeve’s measurements but
it is labelled by Mrs. de Burgh”; his selection as lectotype was interpreted as such by
Breure and Schouten (1985). eir text may be ambiguous, but as all the qualifying
data are given following Recommendation 74C jo. 73C, we feel that this designation
qualies Art. 74.5 ICZN. e specimen is slightly damaged at the top, hence the meas-
urements depart from those given by Reeve.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Sultana (Metorthalicus) deburghiae
(Reeve, 1859).
Simpulopsis decussata Pfeier, 1857
Figs 25iv–vii, L5iv
Simpulopsis decussata Pfeier 1857a: 260; Breure 1978: 232; Breure 1979: 134 (lec-
totype designation); Simone 2006: 179, g. 642; da Silva and omé 2007: 11,
gs 16–17.
Type locality. [Brazil] “Petropolis prope Rio Janeiro (Miers)”.
Label. “Petropolis Rio / F. Miers E[sq.]”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting.
M.C. label style III.
Dimensions. “Diam. maj. 12 1/2, alt. 11 mill.”. Figured specimen H 14.3, D
12.5, W 4.7.
Type material. NHMUK 1975488, lectotype (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but described this taxon from “Mus. Cuming”. is is contrasting the statement in
da Silva and omé (2007), who said “Pfeier mentioned a single specimen”; they
considered the specimen in NHMUK as the holotype (da Silva and omé 2007: 14),
but this does not follow Art. 73.1 and Recommendation 73F ICZN Code. e current
systematic position follows Simone (2006).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 29
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Simpulopsis (Simpulopsis) decussata
Pfeier, 1857.
Bulimus demerarensis Pfeier, 1861
Figs 21vi–viii, L6ii
Bulimus demerarensis Pfeier 1861a [April]: 14; Pfeier 1861b [May]: 24; Breure
1979: 127.
Drymaeus demerarensis; Pilsbry 1898 [1897–1898]: 306.
Leiostracus (Leiostracus) demerarensis; Breure 1978: 227 (lectotype designation).
Bostryx demerarensis; Muratov and Gargominy 2011: 612, g. 2B.
Type locality. [Guiana] “Demerara”.
Label. “Demerara”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.
Dimensions. “Long. 20 1/2, diam. 10 mill.”. Figured specimen H 20.1, D 10.9, W 6.5.
Type material. NHMUK 1975501, lectotype (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based;
only a single specimen was found. Muratov and Gargominy (2011) re-described this
taxon and studied the anatomy of a single dried individual. ey concluded that this
taxon “lacks the very characteristic, for Leiostracus, division of the spermathecal duct
into an enlarged distal part and a slender proximal part that connect to the distal
part sub-apically, which is essentially the only character that separates Leiostracus from
Bostryx”. As Breure (1978: 239–240) has shown, these two genera also dier in their
radula structure, which was not studied by Muratov and Gargominy. Moreover, mo-
lecular data lends support for clear dierentiation of both genera, even in dierent
families (Breure and Romero 2012); more research may be needed to ascertain the po-
sition of Pfeier’s taxon. e generic classication of Breure (1979) is retained herein.
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Leiostracus demerarensis (Pfeier, 1861).
Pupa (Megaspira) elata Gould, 1847
Figs 2i–iv, L6iii
Pupa (Megaspira) elata Gould 1847: 197; Gould 1862: 34.
Megaspira elata; Gould 1852: 91; Gould 1856: 5, pl. 7 g. 101; Rehder 1945: 67 (lec-
totype designation); Simone 2006: 182, g. 659.
Type locality. “Brazil”.
Label. “Brazil (Gould)”.
Dimensions. “Long. 1 1/2, lat. 1/3 poll. [H 38.0, D 8.4 mm]”. Figured specimen
H 37.2, D 8.4, W 18.1.
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
30
Type material. NHMUK 1987060, three paralectotypes (ex Gould).
Remarks. Gould did not state on how many specimens his description was based.
e lectotype is USNM 5503 (Rehder 1945), who considered this taxon to be a junior
synonym of Pupa elatior Spix, 1827; however, Simone (2006) considered the two taxa
as distinct and the current systematic position follows his work.
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, Megaspira elata (Gould, 1847).
Bulimulus ephippium Ancey, 1904
Figs 28iv–vi, L6iv
Bulimulus ephippium Ancey 1904: 102; Breure 1979: 62; Simone 2006: 118, g. 361;
Wood and Gallichan 2008: 44; Breure 2011: 25, g. 16C, 16ii (lectotype designation).
?Bulimulus ephippium; Breure 1978: 144, pl. 11 g. 8.
Type locality. “Bahia, Brazil (teste H. Fulton)”.
Label. “Bahia”, in Fulton’s handwriting.
Dimensions. “Longit. 20, diam. 12 mill.”. Figured specimen H 20.5, D 13.3, W 5.3.
Type material. NHMUK 1905.12.30.12, one paralectotype.
Remarks. Ancey did not state on how many specimens his description was based;
the NHMUK specimens were considered syntypes by Breure (1978, 1979), and Si-
mone (2006). Breure (2011) selected the specimen in RBINS (also mentioned as syn-
type by Wood and Gallichan 2008) as lectotype. Ancey (1904) considered his taxon
as belonging to “the Eudioptus section” of Bulimulus; Breure (2011) re-classied it
with Simpulopsis (Eudioptus) Albers, 1860. Further anatomical and molecular studies
should provide more evidence for this classication.
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Simpulopsis (Eudioptus) ephippium
Ancey, (1904).
Bulimus foveolatus Reeve, 1849
Figs 1v–vi, L7i
Bulimus mahogani Pfeier 1841: 42; Pfeier 1844 in Küster and Pfeier 1840–1865:
40, pl. 13 gs 1–2; Pfeier 1848b: 24. Not Bulinus mahogani Sowerby, 1838. See
remarks.
Bulimus foveolatus Reeve 1849 [1848–1850]: pl. 73 g. 526; Pfeier 1853 in Küster
and Pfeier 1840–1865: xiv; Breure 1979: 44 (lectotype designation).
Strophocheilus foveolatus; Pilsbry 1895 [1895–1896]: 46, pl. 24 g. 71.
Type locality. “Vitoe, near Sarma [sic, Tarma], Alto-Peru; W. Lobb”.
Label. “Peru”. M.C. label style IV, V.
Dimensions. “Long. 3 poll., diam. 15 lin. [H 76.0, D 31.7 mm]”; see remarks.
Figured specimen H 71.5, D 37.0, W 5.7.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 31
Type material. NHMUK 1975275, lectotype; 1975276, one paralectotype
(Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier, in his original description, referred to Sowerby I 1838 in Sow-
erby I and II 1832–1841: g. 59, for which no further data were presented; Pfeier
(1848b) corrected the dimensions to “Long. 72, diam. 35 mill.”. In both instances the
locality was presented as “Chile”, and the material as collected by Philippi (jun.); in
Pfeier 1844 (Küster and Pfeier 1840–1865) “Aufenthalt: Chile und Peru” is given.
e shell gured in the latter publication may be referred to what Reeve (1849) has
named as Bulimus foveolatus; Pfeier (1853: xiv) remarked that his taxon was not iden-
tical to Sowerby’s Bulinus mahogani, however, he did not discuss the large geographi-
cal distance between the localities where Philippi and Lobb collected their material.
Pfeier’s original material is most probably lost (Dance 1966), and whether his taxon
is a synonym of Reeve’s may possibly never be fully ascertained. e current systematic
position follows Richardson (1995: 375), who incorrectly assigned this taxon to Pfeier.
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, aumastus foveolatus (Reeve, 1849).
Bulimus fraseri Pfeier, 1858
Figs 19i–ii, L7iii
Bulimus fraseri Pfeier 1858: 239; Pfeier 1860: 137, pl. 51 g. 5; Pfeier 1860
[1860–1866]: 157, pl. 42 gs 1–2; Pfeier 1868: 15.
Orthalicus fraseri; Pilsbry 1899: 193, pl. 46 gs 31–33.
Sultana (Metorthalicus) fraseri; Breure and Schouten 1985: 28 (lectotype designation).
Type locality. “in provincia Cuenca reipublicae Aequatoris (Fraser)”.
Label. “Found on the road from Gualaquiza / to Mendez— and near to the lat-
ter / place”, “Province of Cuenca / Republic of Ecuador / M
r
Fraser”, taxon label in
Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style III.
Dimensions. “Long. 89, diam. 37 mill.”. Figured specimen H 88.9, D 45.0, W 6.4.
Type material. NHMUK 20140083, lectotype, Fraser leg. (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but described this taxon from “Mus. Cuming”. e current systematic position follows
Breure and Schouten (1985).
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Sultana (Metorthalicus) fraseri
(Pfeier, 1858).
Bulimus gloriosus Pfeier, 1862
Figs 18iii–iv, L7iv
Bulimus gloriosus Pfeier 1862: 387, pl. 37 g. 4; Pfeier 1868b: 14.
Sultana (Metorthalicus) deburghiae (Reeve); Breure and Schouten 1985: 27 (lectotype
designation).
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
32
Type locality. “Republic of Ecuador”.
Label. “Republic Ecuador / M
r
Fraser”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C.
label style III.
Dimensions. “Long. 78, diam. 34 mill.”. Figured specimen H 75.2, D 39.3, W 5.7+.
Type material. NHMUK 1975243, lectotype (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based;
the single specimen found has the top damaged. e lectotype designation by Breure
and Schouten (1985) may be viewed ambiguously, but as all the qualifying data are
given following Recommendation 74C jo. 73C, we feel that this designation qualies
Art. 74.5 ICZN. e current systematic position follows Breure and Schouten (1985).
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Sultana (Metorthalicus) deburghiae
(Reeve, 1859).
Simpulopsis gomesae da Silva & omé, 2006
Figs 25i–iii
Simpulopsis gomesae da Silva and omé 2006: 191, gs 19–32.
Type locality. “Brasil, Rio Grande do Sul, São Francisco de Paula”.
Label. No locality.
Dimensions. Not given (range H 1.60–10.96, D 1.55–8.63 mm). Figured speci-
men H 6.46, D 6.93, W 3.5.
Type material. NHMUK 20050238, one paratype in ethanol, J.W. omé leg.
Remarks. is taxon was based on 17 specimens; the specimen present in NHMUK
was mentioned in the original paper. Its systematic position may, however, need to be
critically re-examined as many taxa have already been described from this region.
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Simpulopsis (Simpulopsis) gomesae
da Silva & omé, 2006.
Corona pfeieri gracilis E.A. Smith, 1902
Figs 9i–ii, L7ii
Corona pfeieri gracilis E.A. Smith 1902: 170.
Type locality. “Rio Caqueta, S.E. Colombia”.
Label. “Rio Caqueta, / S.E. Colombia”, in Smith’s handwriting.
Dimensions. “[L]ength is 67 mm. and diameter 23”. Figured specimen H 67.3,
D 24.8, W 8.8.
Type material. NHMUK 1902.5.27.4, holotype.
Remarks. is taxon was described from a single specimen. e morphological
variation within Corona pfeieri needs further study.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Corona pfeieri gracilis E.A. Smith, 1902.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 33
Bulimus hartwegi Pfeier in Philippi, 1846
Figs 3i–iii, L8i
Bulimus hartwegi Pfeier in Philippi 1846 [1845–1847]: 111, pl. 4 g. 1; Reeve 1848
[1848–1850]: pl. 29 g. 176; Pfeier 1848b: 140; Breure 1979: 44.
Strophocheilus hartwegi; Pilsbry 1895 [1895–1896]: 52, pl. 26 g. 82.
aumastus (aumastus) hartwegi; Breure 1978: 29; Breure and Borrero 2008: 9.
Type locality. “respublica [sic] Aequatoris, ubi ad ‘El Catamaija’ prope Loxa Hartweg”.
Label. “El Catamaja near Loxa”. M.C. label style IV.
Dimensions. “Long 28, diam. 13´´´ [H 61.0, D 28.3 mm]”. Figured specimen H
57.0, D 30.0, W 4.8.
Type material. NHMUK 1975126, one syntype (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but said the material was in “Sammlung des Hrn. Hugh Cuming”. Given the context
of the publication, it is here assumed that the dimensions were given in German lines
(1 line = 2.18 mm); Pfeier (1848b) quoted “Long. 57, diam. 26 mill.”, which shell
height concurs with our measurement given above. e current systematic position
follows Richardson (1995: 376).
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, aumastus hartwegi (Pfeier in
Philippi, 1846).
Bulimus hyaloideus Pfeier, 1855
Figs 23iii–iv, L8ii
Bulimus hyaloideus Pfeier 1855b: 292; Pfeier 1859: 505; Breure 1979: 131.
Rhinus constrictus (Pfeier); Breure 1978: 232 (lectotype designation).
Rhinus hyaloideus; Linares and Vera 2012: 206.
Type locality. “Mendez, Andes of New Granada”.
Label. “Mendes Andes of Granada”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C.
label style I.
Dimensions. “Long. 12 1/2, diam. 7 1/2 mill.”. Figured specimen H 20.6, D
11.1, W 6.7.
Type material. NHMUK 1975412, lectotype; 1975413, one paralectotype
(Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was
based; he described this taxon from Cuming’s collection. e paralectotype speci-
men is juvenile. Breure (1978) mentioned that the original measurements given by
Pfeier were in error. Linares and Vera (2012) said “Bulimulus hyaloides (Pfeier,
1855) es un sinónimo”, overlooking the fact that this is the same taxon; they prob-
ably mixed the classication of Richardson (1995: 76) [who placed this taxon with
Bulimulus Leach, 1814], and the classication of Breure (1979) [who placed it under
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
34
Rhinus Albers, 1860]. e current systematic position follows the synonymisation
by Breure (1978).
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Rhinus constrictus (Pfeier, 1841).
Helix inca d’Orbigny, 1835
Figs 4iv–vi, L8iii
Helix inca d’Orbigny 1835: 16; Breure 1979: 44.
Bulimus inca; d’Orbigny 1837 [1834–1847]: 294, pl. 38 gs 6–7 [text 6 May 1838];
Gray 1854: 18.
Strophocheilus inca; Pilsbry 1895 [1895–1896]: 56, pl. 28 gs 10–11.
aumastus (Atahualpa) inca; Breure 1975: 1139.
Type locality. “Tutulima (republica Boliviana)”.
Label. “Tutulima, Bolivia”, in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.
Dimensions. “Longit 72 millim., latit. 30 millim.”. Figured specimen H 75.4, D
32.3, W 8.3.
Type material. NHMUK 1854.12.4.116, lectotype and three paralectotypes
(d’Orbigny coll.).
Remarks. d’Orbigny did not state on how many specimens his description was
based. e lot found consists of four specimens, of which the one corresponding to
d’Orbigny’s gure is now designated lectotype (design. n.) to xate the taxon, which
needs further study to clarify its status; the three paralectotypes are one subadult and
two juveniles. ree other specimens are in the MNHN collection (Breure 1975), and
are thus paralectotypes. d’Orbigny (1838 [1834–1847]: 295) specied the localities as
follows: “deux localités dierentes, au nord-est de la Cordillère orientale de Bolivia; la
première fois dans le fond d’un ravin humide et boisé, près de Carcuata, province de
Yungas, où nous n’en avons eu qu’un seul exemplaire; puis au nord de Cochabamba,
dans le fond du ravin de ‘Tutulima’, d’où il nous a été apportes par les Indiens” (see
also Breure 1973). e current systematic position follows Richardson (1995: 376).
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, aumastus inca (d’Orbigny, 1835).
Strophocheilus (Dryptus) indentatus da Costa, 1901
Figs 8iii–iv, L9i
Strophocheilus (Dryptus) indentatus da Costa 1901: 239, pl. 24 g. 8; Pilsbry 1902
[1901–1902]: 281, pl. 49 g. 7.
aumastus (aumastus) indentatus; Breure 1979: 44; Breure and Borrero 2008: 8.
Type locality. “Ecuador”.
Label. “Ecuador”, in da Costa’s handwriting.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 35
Dimensions. “Long. 44, diam. 23 mm.”. Figured specimen H 44.0, D 24.0, W 4.8.
Type material. NHMUK 1907.11.21.115, lectotype; 1907.11.21.116, one para-
lectotype (da Costa coll.).
Remarks. da Costa did not state on how many specimens his description was
based. is species has been classied by aumastus s.str. by Breure (1979). Upon re-
studying the specimens found, however, the protoconch appears to be pit-reticulated
and the taxon may be better placed in Kara Strebel, 1910. is taxon is closely allied to
Kara thompsonii (Pfeier, 1845) and K. yanamensis (Morelet, 1863), and upon further
studies may prove to be a synonym of either of these species.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Kara indentata (da Costa, 1901)
(comb. n.).
Bulimus (aumastus) insolitus Preston, 1909
Figs 4i–iii, L9ii
Bulimus (aumastus) insolitus Preston 1909: 509, pl. 10 g. 9; Breure 1979: 44.
Type locality. “Chanchamayo, Peru”.
Label. “Chanchamayo Peru”.
Dimensions. “Alt. 70, diam. maj. 29.5 mm.”. Figured specimen H 70.4, D 31.2,
W 5.6.
Type material. NHMUK 1947.3.11.1, holotype (ex Preston).
Remarks. Preston wrote “[a]n extraordinary shell”; the singular implies that he had
only one specimen at hand, the specimen thus is the holotype. A label states “Purchased
from / Preston many years ago / by Mayor Connolly with / others / A. M. N. H. viii
p. 509”. e current systematic position follows Richardson (1995: 377) at the species
level, the generic classication should be re-evaluated by further studies of the anatomy
and by molecular research; this could also aect the arrangement at family level.
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, aumastus insolitus (Preston, 1909).
Bulimus integer Pfeier, 1855
Figs 5i–iii, L10i
Bulimus integer Pfeier 1855d: 114; Pfeier 1859: 369; Breure 1979: 44.
Porphyrobaphe integer; Pilsbry 1899: 153.
aumastus (aumastus) integer; Breure 1978: 31 (lectotype designation); Breure and
Borrero 2008: 8.
Type locality. “Quito, Ecuador”.
Label. “Quito”. M.C. label style IV.
Dimensions. “Long. 82, diam. 39 mill.”. Figured specimen H 81.5, D 42.0, W 7.4.
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
36
Type material. NHMUK 1975244, lectotype; 1975245, one paralectotype
(Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based;
he did, however, recognize a variety β for which he gave “Long. 65, diam. 31 mill.” as
measurements. is was likely a shell from his own collection, as the paralectotype in
the Cuming collection has a shell height of 71.6 mm. e protoconch of these type
specimens is sculptured with axial wrinkles, becoming coarse granules on the lower
part of the protoconch. e generic classication of Breure (1979) is herein tentatively
retained, but further studies should clarify the systematic position of this taxon.
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, aumastus integer (Pfeier, 1855).
Bulimus iris Pfeier, 1853
Figs 14iii–v, L10ii
Bulimus iris Pfeier 1853b: 313; Pfeier 1854b: 136; Pfeier 1855 in Küster and
Pfeier 1840–1865: 244, pl. 65 gs 4–5.
Porphyrobaphe iris; Pilsbry 1899: 157, pl. 51 gs 28–29.
Type locality. “Le Ceja, Rio Negro Novae Granadae (Bland)”.
Label. “La Ceja. Rio Negro / New Grenada”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting.
M.C. label style I.
Dimensions. “Long. 64, diam. 32 mill.”. Figured specimen H 72.6, D 41.1, W 5.8.
Type material. NHMUK 20100506, lectotype (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but described the species from “Mus. Cuming”. Although the specimen is larger than the
measurements given by Pfeier, there is little doubt it is from the original series as the
label conrms the original locality; it also bears the text “please to name this / ‘Blandi’
after the collector”. e specimen is now designated lectotype (design. n.) to xate this
taxon, which needs further study to clarify its status. e mentioning in Linares and Vera
(2012: 157) of “ZMUZ 511864” as lectotype for this taxon is erroneous, as this refers to
the type specimen of the junior subjective synonym Bulimus wallisianus Mousson, 1873
(see Breure 1976: 3). e current systematic position follows Richardson (1993: 119).
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Porphyrobaphe (Porphyrobaphe) iris
(Pfeier, 1853).
Bulimus irroratus Reeve, 1849
Figs 15i–ii, L10iii
Bulimus irroratus Reeve 1849 [1848–1850]: pl. 62 g. 427; Reeve 1850a: 16; Pfeier
1853b: 304.
Porphyrobaphe irrorata; Pilsbry 1899: 155, pl. 51 gs 36–37; Breure and Schouten
1985: 41 (lectotype designation).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 37
Type locality. “Brazil? New Granada?”.
Label. “Quito Ecuador”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style III.
Dimensions. Not given. Figured specimen H 77.0, D 44.0, W 6+.
Type material. NHMUK 1975248, three syntypes, A.L. Gubba leg. (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Reeve did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but said it was the “Mus. Cuming (...) thanks to the liberality of A.L. Gubba, Esq.,
of [Le] Havre”. In Reeve (1850) the locality was mentioned as “—?”. e top of the
specimen gured is damaged. e current systematic position is according to Richard-
son (1993: 119).
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Porphyrobaphe irrorata (Reeve, 1849).
Bulimus jereysi Pfeier, 1852
Figs 21iv–v, L11i
Bulimus jereysi Pfeier 1852: 93; Pfeier 1853b: 342; Pfeier 1854 in Küster and
Pfeier 1840–1865: 187, pl. 49 gs 9–10.
Drymaeus obliquus (Reeve); Pilsbry 1899: 93, pl. 14 g. 15.
Leiostracus obliquus; Simone 2006: 122, g. 381.
Type locality. “Brasilia”.
Label. “Brazils”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style I.
Dimensions. “Long. 19, diam. 11 mill.”. Figured specimen H 20.4, D 10.9, W 6+.
Type material. NHMUK 20110083, three syntypes (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based;
he described the taxon “Ex Coll. Cl. Gruner” (Pfeier 1852) and specied this later to
“Mus. Cuming ex Gruner” (Pfeier 1853b). e three specimens found are thus consid-
ered to be syntypes; one of these, possibly gured in Pfeier 1854 [Küster and Pfeier
1840–1865], is broken. e current systematic position follows Simone (2006).
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Leiostracus obliquus (Reeve, 1849).
Bulimus kelletti Reeve, 1850
Figs 19iii–iv, L11ii
Bulimus kelletti Reeve 1850 [1848–1850]: pl. 89 g. 661; Pfeier 1853b: 305.
Orthalicus kellettii; Pilsbry 1899: 204, pl. 45 gs 23–24.
Sultana (Metorthalicus) kellettii; Breure and Schouten 1985: 28 (lectotype designa-
tion); Breure and Borrero 2008: 26.
Type locality. “Ecuador?”.
Label. “?Ecuador”. M.C. label style III, V.
Dimensions. Not given. Figured specimen H 61.2, D 33.2, W 5.7.
Type material. NHMUK 1975241, lectotype (Cuming coll.).
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
38
Remarks. e material is accompanied by a label “the type specimen”. However,
Reeve did not state on how many specimens his description was based, but only men-
tioned “this new and very beautiful species”. e specimen found should thus be re-
garded as lectotype, contradicting the statement by Breure and Borrero (2008), who
considered it as holotype.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Sultana (Metorthalicus) kelletti (Reeve,
1850).
Bulimus loxostomus Pfeier, 1853
Figs 5iv–vi, L11iii
Bulimus loxostomus Pfeier 1853b: 379; Pfeier 1854a: 59.
Strophocheilus loxostomus; Pilsbry 1895 [1895–1896]: 52.
aumastus (aumastus) loxostomus; Linares and Vera 2012: 206.
Type locality. “in Andibus Novae Granadae”.
Label. “Andes N. Granada”. M.C. label style III.
Dimensions. “Long. 71, diam. 34 mill.”. Figured specimen H 71.3, D 37.3, W 5.8.
Type material. NHMUK 1975125, one syntype (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but said the material was in “Mus. Cuming”. e protoconch is sculptured with
spaced, indistinct wrinkles, becoming closer towards the transition to the teleoconch.
e lip is white, which is quite unusual for aumastus s.str. Further research should
thus shed more light on the systematic position of this taxon, which is here gured for
the rst time. Linares and Vera (2012) assumed that this taxon was collected in “Co-
lombia, en una localidad no denida”. Although this cannot be excluded, this remains
disputable as ‘New Granada’ had a broader political-administrative meaning at the
time the specimen was collected. erefore, at the moment the allocation of this taxon
to the Colombian malacofauna remains doubtful at best.
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, aumastus loxostomus (Pfeier, 1853).
Achatina magnica Pfeier, 1848
Figs 7i–ii, L11iv
Achatina magnica Pfeier 1848a: 232; Pfeier 1848b: 255.
Liguus (Hemibulimus) magnicus; E.A. Smith 1907: 314, g.
Type locality. “Quito, Ecuador; in woods (De Lattre)”.
Label. “Quito, Ecuador”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.
Dimensions. “Long. 47, diam. 21 mill.”. Figured specimen H 46.6, D 23.0, W 5.5.
Type material. NHMUK 20100508, two syntypes (Cuming coll.).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 39
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but described this taxon from Cuming’s collection. Reeve’s gure (Reeve 1849 [1849–
1850]: pl. 9 g. 33) was from “the collection of J. Dennison, Esq., of which there is
also a specimen in the possession of Mr. Cuming [i.e., Pfeier’s type]”. is taxon has
been incorrectly classied with Hemibulimus Martens, 1885 by Pilsbry (1899: 185)—
who copied Reeve’s gure—and Richardson (1993: 71); Pilsbry (1909 [1908–1910]:
117) corrected his mistake. e type material is here re-gured, after E.A. Smith
(1907) had gured it for the rst time. Although the specimen seems to be slightly
subadult, this taxon might be closely allied to Bulimus corydon Crosse, 1869, B. phoe-
bus Pfeier, 1863, and B. victor Pfeier, 1854. Achatina magnica is now tentatively
placed in Clathrorthalicus Strebel, 1909; however, further anatomical and molecular
studies should reveal the correct systematic position.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Clathrorthalicus magnicus (Pfeier,
1848) (comb. n.).
Bulimus magnicus Grateloup, 1839
Figs 6i–iii, L12i
Bulimus magnicus Grateloup 1839a: 165; Grateloup 1839b: 419, pl. 4 g. 1; Breure
1979: 44.
Strophocheilus magnicus; Pilsbry 1895 [1895–1896]: 46, pl. 25 g. 74.
aumastus (aumastus) magnicus; Breure 1978: 31 (lectotype designation).
aumastus magnicus; Simone 2006: 153, g. 521.
Type locality. “Pérou”.
Label. “Le Perou (Brésil)”; see remarks.
Dimensions. “Près de 3 pouces de longueur”; see remarks. Figured specimen H
78.0, D 36.0, W 6.9.
Type material. NHMUK 1907.11.22.24, lectotype (da Costa coll., ex Grateloup).
Remarks. Grateloup did not state on how many specimens his description was
based; in Grateloup (1839b: 420) he gave as measurements “Hauteur: 80 mill. – Di-
amètre: 35 Mill.” and said it was from “Mon cabinet”. As Breure (1978) noted, this
specimen “From Grateloup Coll
n
.” came to the NHMUK collection via da Costa, who
purchased the specimen from the dealers Sowerby and Fulton. Reeve (1848 [1848–
1850]) evidently based his description on a dierent specimen, as he wrote “e shell
named B. magnicus by M. Grateloup is, according to the specimen so marked in Mr.
Cuming’s collection, a variety of B. Taunaysii [supposed by Reeve to be Férussac’s spe-
cies] of a lighter brown colour”. Despite the confusing localities (“Brésil” seems to be
added in a later hand), the status of this specimen is not disputed herein; the Peruvian
locality, however, still needs conrmation. e current systematic position follows Si-
mone (2006), who reported this species from the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, aumastus magnicus (Grateloup, 1839).
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
40
Bulimus marmatensis Pfeier, 1855
Figs 28i–iii, L12ii
Bulimus marmatensis Pfeier 1855a: 125; Pfeier 1859: 501.
Bulimulus marmatensis; Pilsbry 1897 [1897–1898]: 61; Linares and Vera 2012: 163.
Type locality. [Colombia] “Marmato, New Granada”.
Label. “Marmata / New Grenada”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C.
label style III.
Dimensions. “Long. 17, diam. 10 mill.”. Figured specimen H 15.0, D 11.0, W 5.0.
Type material. NHMUK 1975330, three syntypes (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based;
he, however, described this taxon from the collection of Cuming. ree specimens
were found, two damaged adults and one juvenile. e protoconch is sculptured with
axial wrinkles and spiral lines; this taxon—classied by Breure (1979: 63) with Bulim-
ulus Leach, 1814—is therefore now placed in Simpulopsis Beck, 1837 and is considered
as junior subjective synonym of S. (Eudioptus) citrinovitrea (Moricand, 1836) (comb.
n., syn. n.). e taxon is here gured for the rst time.
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Simpulopsis (Eudioptus) citrinovit-
rea (Moricand, 1836).
Orthalicus mars Pfeier, 1861
Figs 13v–vi, L13i
Orthalicus mars Pfeier 1861b: 25, pl. 2 g. 8; Pfeier 1868b: 202; Pilsbry 1899: 143,
pl. 53 g. 42.
Type locality. “republica Aequatoris (Mr. Fraser)”.
Label. “Republic of Ecuador”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label
style IV.
Dimensions. “Long. 77, diam. 35 mill.”. Figured specimen H 76.6, D 38.4, W 6+.
Type material. NHMUK 20100504, three syntypes (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but described “from the collection of H. Cuming”. Although on the label has been
written in a later hand “none quite like g.”, the type status is not disputed as the
shell height matches the original data. e top of the largest specimen, herein gured,
is damaged. Also the top of one of the other specimens is damaged. e protoconch
of the third, undamaged, specimen is smooth. is taxon is tentatively classied with
Orthalicus Beck, 1837; however, further anatomical and molecular research should
provide evidence to assess if this classication is correct or needs to be adjusted.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Orthalicus mars Pfeier, 1861.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 41
Bulimus meobambensis Pfeier, 1855
Figs 17iii–iv, L13ii
Bulimus meobambensis Pfeier 1855c: 96; Pfeier 1859: 586.
Orthalicus meobambensis; Pilsbry 1899: 191.
Type locality. “Meobamba, Eastern Peru (Mr. Yates)”.
Label. “Meobamba / East Peru”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label
style IV.
Dimensions. “Long. 88, diam. 46 mill.”. Figured specimen H 84.9, D 52.8, W 6.4.
Type material. NHMUK 20100505, two syntypes (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based.
ere is no doubt, however, about the type status of the specimens found as he de-
scribed this taxon from the Cuming collection and the taxon label is—although in
pencil—in his handwriting. is is the rst time this material is gured; Strebel (1909:
pl. 29 g. 429) gured a specimen from Huagabamba, Peru that E.A. Smith consid-
ered conspecic.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Sultana (S.) meobambensis (Pfeier, 1855).
Simpulopsis miersi Pfeier, 1857
Figs 27iv–vi, L13iii
Simpulopsis miersi Pfeier 1857a: 260; Pfeier 1859: 800; Reeve 1862: pl. 1 g. 4;
Pilsbry 1899: 218; Breure 1979: 134 (lectotype designation); Simone 2006: 179,
g. 644.
Type locality. [Brazil] “Espirito Santo Brasiliae (Miers)”.
Label. “Espirits Santo / F. Miers Esq.”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C.
label style III.
Dimensions. “Diam. maj. 24, alt. 17 1/2 mill.”. Figured specimen H 20.6,
D20.9, W 4.5.
Type material. NHMUK 1975489, lectotype; 1975490 one paralectotype (Cum-
ing coll., ex Miers).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but refers to “Mus. Cuming”, and Miers as source. e lectotype is slightly damaged
at the body of the last whorl and the lip. e references of Richardson (1993: 364)
for this taxon to Pfeier 1853b: 333 and Pfeier 1859: 396 are erroneous, as these
refer to Bulinus miersii Sowerby, 1838. e current systematic position is according
to Simone (2006).
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Simpulopsis (Simpulopsis) miersi
Pfeier, 1857.
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
42
Achatina murrea Reeve, 1849
Figs 9iv–vi, L14ii
Achatina murrea Reeve 1849 [1849–1850]: pl. 7 g. 22.
Type locality. “—?”.
Label. No locality label, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV, V.
Dimensions. Not given. Figured specimen H 38.6, D 19.5, W 7.1.
Type material. NHMUK 1975482, 20230332, three + three syntypes (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Reeve did not state on how many specimens his description was based, but
gured two dierent specimens from “Mus. Cuming”. ree specimens were found in lot
NHMUK 1975482, one of which corresponds to Reeve's gure 22a; Pfeier has identied
this lot as “A. fasciata / Müller juv.”. Lot 20120332 also contains three specimens, one of
which was gured as g. 22b. e current systematic position follows Breure et al. (2014).
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Liguus murreus (Reeve, 1849).
Orthalicus powissianus niveus Preston, 1909
Figs 17i–ii, L14iii
Orthalicus powissianus var. niveus Preston 1909: 512.
Type locality. “Jimenez, Rio Dagua, West Colombia”.
Label. “Jimenez Rio Dagua / 1600 ft. Colombia”, in Preston’s handwriting.
Dimensions. Not given. Figured specimen H 65.2, D 31.3, W 7.2.
Type material. NHMUK 1909.8.18.85, holotype, M.G. Palmer leg., ex Preston.
Remarks. Preston mentioned “taken with the animal alive”, from which may be
inferred that he had only one specimen at hand. e specimen located is thus the
holotype; the top is slightly damaged. e taxon is here gured for the rst time. e
current systematic position at species level follows Richardson (1993: 125).
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Sultana (Methorthalicus) powisiana
(Petit de la Saussaye, 1843).
Bulimus obliquus Reeve, 1849
Figs 22i–iii, L14iv
Bulimus obliquus Reeve 1849 [1848–1850]: pl. 76 g. 551; Pfeier 1853b: 342; Breure
1979: 127.
Drymaeus obliquus; Pilsbry 1899: 93, pl. 14 g. 14.
Leiostracus (Leiostracus) obliquus; Breure 1978: 227 (lectotype designation).
Leiostracus obliquus; Simone 2006: 122, g. 381.
Type locality. [Brazil] “Bahia”.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 43
Label. “Brazil”. M.C. label style I, V.
Dimensions. Not given. Figured specimen H 22.7, D 12.05, W 6+.
Type material. NHMUK 1975493, lectotype (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Reeve did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but mentioned “[a] pink shell”; this is herein not considered as sucient evidence that
he had only one shell for his description. e material was in “Mus. Cuming”. e
top and the apertural lip of the specimen found are damaged. e current systematic
position follows Simone (2006).
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Leiostracus obliquus (Reeve, 1849).
Bulinus opalinus Sowerby I, 1833
Figs 22iv–v, L15i
Bulinus opalinus Sowerby I 1833 in Sowerby I and II 1832–1841: 7, g. 47; Sowerby
I in Gray and Sowerby I 1839: 144, pl. 38 g. 8.
Bulimus opalinus; Pfeier 1848b: 107.
Leiostracus perlucidus; Simone 2006: 123, g. 384.
Type locality. “Brazil”.
Label. “Brazil”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.
Dimensions. Not given. Figured specimen H 27.8, D 14.3, W 7.4.
Type material. NHMUK 1975442, three probable syntypes (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Sowerby did not state on how many specimens his description was
based; he wrote “Nob.”, thus “ours”, meaning the author claimed his right as describer
of the new taxon, not necessarily proof of presence in his own collection. As Breure
and Ablett (2011: 10) suggested that these might have been swapped with Cuming,
the three specimens found are treated as probable syntypes. ey are accompanied by
two labels in Pfeier’s handwriting; one “Bul. opalinus / Sow”, the other in dierent
ink “perlucidus Spix”. In Pfeier 1848: 108 the dimensions “Long. 27, diam. 14 mill.”
were given; this corresponds to the largest specimen in the lot. e citation in Richard-
son (1995: 207) to “Pfeier, Mono. Helic. Viv. 1: 231” refers to Helix opalina Sowerby
I, 1841, and is thus in error. e current systematic position follows Simone (2006).
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Leiostracus perlucidus (Spix, 1827).
Bulimus ovulum Reeve, 1849
Figs 23v–vi, L15ii
Bulimus ovulum Reeve 1849 [1848–1850]: pl. 76 g. 556; Breure 1979: 131. pl. 12
g. 48.
Rhinus ovulum; Breure 1978: 232 (lectotype designation); Simone 2006: 129, g. 412.
Type locality. “Philippine Islands; Cuming”.
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44
Label. “Pernambuco, Brazil”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style I, V.
Dimensions. Not given. Figured specimen H 20.1, D 12.3, W 6.4.
Type material. NHMUK 1975416, lectotype; 1975417, two paralectotypes
(Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Reeve did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but mentioned “A shell of rather solid growth...”; this is herein not considered as su-
cient evidence that he had only one shell for his description. e material was in “Mus.
Cuming”. Richardson (1995: 226) incorrectly classied this taxon with Naesiotus Al-
bers, 1850. e current systematic position follows Simone (2006); the shell height
given by him is erroneous.
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Rhinus ovulum (Reeve, 1849).
Helix phlogera d’Orbigny, 1835
Figs 13iii–iv, L15iii
Helix phlogera d’Orbigny 1835: 8.
Bulimus phlogerus; d’Orbigny 1837 [1834–1847]: 259, pl. 29 gs 6–8 [text 30 March
1838]; Gray 1854: 12.
Type locality. “provincia Chiquitensi (republica Boliviana)”.
Label. “Sn Xavier, Chquitos (Bolivia)”, in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.
Dimensions. “Longit. 55 millim.; latit. 24 millim.”. Figured specimen H 59.8,
D 26.8, W 6+.
Type material. NHMUK 1854.12.4.86, six syntypes (d’Orbigny coll.).
Remarks. d’Orbigny (1835) did not state on how many specimens his description
was based; he said his taxon was identical to Helix regina var. β Férussac, 1821. In
d’Orbigny (1838 [1834–1847]: 260) the locality was specied as “environs des Missi-
ons de San-Xavier et de Concepcion”; see Breure 1973. Of the material found, none of
the shells corresponds exactly with d’Orbigny’s gure. e current systematic position
is according to Richardson (1993: 108).
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Orthalicus phlogerus (d’Orbigny, 1835).
Bulimus phoebus Pfeier, 1863
Figs 7iii–v, L15iv
Bulimus phoebus Pfeier 1863: 274; Pfeier 1868b: 9; Breure 1979: 30 (lectotype
designation).
Plekocheilus phoebus; Pilsbry 1895 [1895–1896]: 81.
Plekocheilus (Eurytus) phoebus; Breure 1978: 15, pl. 11 g. 6; Breure and Borrero 2008: 6.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 45
Type locality. “Ecuador”.
Label. “Ecuador”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.
Dimensions. “Long. 31, diam. 15 mill.”. Figured specimen H 30.5, D 17.5, W 5.5.
Type material. NHMUK 1975143, lectotype (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was
based, but described his material “from the collection of H. Cuming”. is taxon
has long been associated with Plekocheilus (Eurytus) Albers, 1850, but re-exami-
nation of the type—of which the protoconch proves to be smooth—plus recent
collections in north-western Ecuador (Breure unpublished data) reveal that this
taxon belongs to Clathrorthalicus Strebel, 1909. It may be closely allied to Bulimus
corydon Crosse, 1869, B. magnicus Pfeier, 1848 and B. victor Pfeier, 1854;
however, further anatomical and molecular studies should clarify the current sys-
tematic position.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Clathrorthalicus phoebus (Pfeier,
1863) (comb. n.).
Bulimus plumbeus Pfeier, 1855
Figs 6iv–vi, L16i
Bulimus plumbeus Pfeier 1855d: 114; Pfeier 1859: 369; Breure 1979: 44.
Strophocheilus plumbeus; Pilsbry 1895 [1895–1896]: 49.
aumastus (aumastus) plumbeus; Breure 1978: 31, pl. 11 g. 1 (lectotype desig-
nation).
Type locality. “Venezuela”.
Label. “Venezuela”. M.C. label style III.
Dimensions. “Long. 93, diam. 36 mill.”. Figured specimen H 93.0, D 40.5, W 5.9.
Type material. NHMUK 1975130, lectotype; 1975131, one paralectotype
(Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was
based, but described his material “from the collection of H. Cuming”. Although
there is no label in Pfeier’s handwriting, the type status of these specimens is not
disputed as the shell height matches the original data. is taxon has been con-
sidered a junior subjective synonym of Helix (Cochlogena) pardalis Férussac, 1821
(Richardson 1995: 202), but re-examination of the type leads us to tentatively retain
the classication of Breure (1978). It may be noted that the locality of this taxon is
well outside the range of aumastus; however, it could possibly occur in southwest-
ern Venezuela. Once located, further anatomical and molecular studies should shed
more light on its systematic position.
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, aumastus plumbeus (Pfeier, 1855).
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
46
Bulimus porphyrius Pfeier, 1847
Figs 11i–iv, L16iii
Bulimus porphyrius Pfeier 1847: 114; Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 15 g. 89; Pfeier
1848b: 199; Breure 1979: 41.
aumastus (Scholvienia) porphyrius; Breure 1978: 46 (lectotype designation).
Type locality. “Bolivia (T. Bridges)”.
Label. “Bolivia”, “andes of Caxamarca / Peru”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwrit-
ing. M.C. label style IV, V.
Dimensions. “Long. 51, diam. 20 mill.”. Figured specimen H 51.5, D 22.0, W 6.6.
Type material. NHMUK 1975277, lectotype; 1975278, two paralectotypes
(Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was
based; it was, however, one of the taxa from the Cuming collection. Breure (1978)
has discussed the localities and suggested that both labels are probably errone-
ous. is taxon has hitherto been classied with aumastus (Scholvienia) Strebel,
1910. Given the results of Breure and Romero (2012), who found that subgenera
of aumastus belong to dierent families, the familiar association of this taxon is
tentatively made to the Orthalicidae, and Scholvienia is provisionally given generic
status. Further anatomical and molecular studies should shed more light on its
systematic position.
Current systematic position. ?Orthalicidae, Scholvienia porphyria (Pfeier, 1847)
(comb. n.).
Bulimus requieni Pfeier, 1853
Figs 29iii–iv, L16ii
Bulimus requieni Pfeier 1853b: 389; Pfeier 1854b: 137; Pfeier 1855 in Küster and
Pfeier 1840–1865: 248, pl. 66 g. 8; Breure 1979: 44.
Strophocheilus requieni; Pilsbry 1895 [1895–1896]: 55, pl. 27 g. 94.
aumastus (aumastus) requieni; Breure 1978: 31 (lectotype designation).
aumastus requieni; Simone 2006: 154, g. 523.
Type locality. “Brasilia”.
Label. “Brazils”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.
Dimensions. “Long. 62, diam. 26 mill.”. Figured specimen H 62.0, D 29.0, W 5.3+.
Type material. NHMUK 1975301, lectotype; 1975302, one paralectotype
(Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but described his material from “Mus. Cuming”. e top of the lectotype is slightly
damaged. e protoconch is sculptured with slightly waving axial riblets. Both speci-
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 47
mens appear to be subadult; further studies are needed to ascertain the taxonomic posi-
tion of this taxon. e current systematic position follows Simone (2006).
Current systematic position. Megaspiridae, aumastus requieni (Pfeier, 1853).
Vitrina salomonia Pfeier, 1853
Figs 26i–iii, L16iv
Vitrina salomonia Pfeier 1853a: 51; Pfeier 1853b: 623; Pfeier 1854a: 60.
Simpulopsis salomonia; Pfeier 1854 in Küster and Pfeier 1840–1865: 29, pl. 6 gs
17–19; Reeve 1862: pl. 2 g. 8.
Simpulopsis (?) salomonia; Pilsbry 1899: 226, pl. 63 gs 76–78.
Simpulopsis (S.) rufovirens (Moricand); Breure 1978: 232 (lectotype designation).
Type locality. “in insulis Salomonis”.
Label. “Solomons Isl”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style III.
Dimensions. “Long. 11, diam. 9 mill.”. Figured specimen H 11.1, D 10.7, W 4.5.
Type material. NHMUK 1975485, lectotype (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but noted “Mus. Cuming”. He also remarked “Diese Art ist mit der brasilianischen
Gruppe Simpulopsis Beck sehr nahe verwandt”, which might have led Pilsbry (1899:
226) to suggest that the locality given by Pfeier was erroneous. Breure (1978) sug-
gested that this taxon might be a junior subjective synonym of Helix (Succinea) rufo-
virens Moricand, 1846. Richardson (1995: 367) considered this taxon as a separate
species; Simone (2006) did not mention it at all. Tentatively the classication of this
taxon by Breure (1978) is herein retained, until a further revision of this group claries
its taxonomic status.
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Simpulopsis (S.) rufovirens (Mori-
cand, 1846).
Bulimus salteri Sowerby III, 1890
Figs 13i–ii, L17i
Bulimus salteri Sowerby III 1890: 578, pl. 50 g. 4; Breure 1979: 45.
Type locality. “Catamarca, Andes Peruviae”.
Label. “Andes of Peru”; printed label.
Dimensions. “Long. 70, maj. diam. 35 mill.”. Figured specimen H 69.9, D 35.2,
W 6.0.
Type material. NHMUK 1907.11.21.118, lectotype (da Costa coll.).
Remarks. Sowerby also described a (larger) “var. γ”, and remarked “[t]he two shells
form part of the collection of Mr. S.J. Da Costa, and there is a specimen of each variety
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
48
[typical one and var. γ] in the National Collection at South Kensington [= NHMUK]”.
e original series thus seems to have comprised two specimens, and the reference in
Breure (1979) to “HT BMNH 1907.11.21.118” has to be interpreted as lectotype
designation under Art. 74.6 ICZN, also following Recommendation 73F. We have,
however, not been able to locate a varietal form of this taxon in the da Costa collection
within the NHMUK. In the General collection we found two specimens. One is labeled
“aumastus salteri / Andes of Peru / Purch Sowerby”, and is registered as NHMUK
1883.10.24.8 (it is listed in the register as Orthalicus and no specic name). e second
specimen is labelled “salteri var. / Peru / Mus. Cuming”; this is the only specimen with a
varietal label, but nonetheless dubious if it belonged to the original series and Sowerby’s
varietal shell may have been lost from the collection. is taxon has hitherto been classi-
ed with aumastus (Quechua) Strebel, 1910. Given the results of Breure and Romero
(2012), who found that subgenera of aumastus belong to dierent families, the fa-
milial association of this taxon is tentatively made to the Orthalicidae, and Quechua is
provisionally given generic status, pending further anatomical and molecular studies.
Current systematic position. ?Orthalicidae, Quechua salteri (Sowerby III, 1890)
(comb. n.).
Bulimus sarcochilus Pfeier, 1857
Figs 22vi–viii, L16v
Bulimus sarcochilus Pfeier 1857e: 157; Pfeier 1859: 412; Breure 1979: 127.
Bulimulus sarcochilus; Pilsbry 1897 [1897–1898]: 80.
Leiostracus (L.) sarcochilus; Breure 1978: 227, gs 396–397 (lectotype designation).
Leiostracus sarcochilus; Simone 2006: 123, g. 386.
Type locality. “in Brasilia septentrionali (Miers)”.
Label. “North of Brazils / F. Miers Esq”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting.
M.C. label style I.
Dimensions. “Long. 21–25, diam. 10–11 1/2 mill.”. Figured specimen H 24.7,
D 13.1, W 7.7.
Type material. NHMUK 1975398, lectotype; 1975399, one paralectotype
(Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
but from his dimensions it is clear that he had more than one specimen at hand. From
Pfeier (1859) it becomes clear that this was one of the taxa described from “Mus.
Cuming”. Breure (1978) re-described the species on the basis of additional material and
established the rst exact locality in state Espírito Santo. e current systematic position
follows Simone (2006), whose reference to the gured type as “syntype” is erroneous.
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Leiostracus sarcochilus (Pfeier, 1857).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 49
Bulimus saturnus Pfeier, 1860
Figs 15iii–v, L17v
Bulimus saturanus Pfeier 1860: 136.
Bulimus satuanus Pfeier 1860: pl. 51 g. 6.
Bulimus saturnus; Pfeier 1861a: 11; Pfeier 1868b: 14.
Porphyrobaphe saturnus; Pilsbry 1899: 154, pl. 50 g. 25.
Type locality. “Pallatanga, Republic of Ecuador (Mr. Fraser)”.
Label. “Pallatango Republic of Ecuador M
r
Fraser”, taxon label in Pfeier’s hand-
writing. M.C. label style I.
Dimensions. “Long. 76, diam. 33 mill.”. Figured specimen H 75.8, D 38.4, W 6.7.
Type material. NHMUK 20140080, three syntypes, Fraser leg. (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based.
In the original paper he made twice an error in the name, which was corrected in
Pfeier (1861a; without explicit comment), and Pfeier (1868; “sphalm. Saturanus”);
this is treated as a lapsus calami under Art. 32.1 jo. 24.2.4 ICZN. Breure and Borrero
(2008: 28) have pointed out that “Pallatanga” could not be assigned unequivocally to
a locality, as it is found twice in modern gazetteers.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Porphyrobaphe (Porphyrobaphe) satur-
nus (Pfeier, 1860).
Bulimus simulus Morelet, 1851
Figs 26iv–vi, L17ii
Bulimus simulus Morelet 1851: 11; Pfeier 1853d: 383; Breure 1979: 134.
Type locality. [Guatemala] “sylvas Petenensis”.
Label. “forêt de Dolores”, taxon label in Morelet’s handwriting.
Dimensions. “Longit. 11 – Diam. 9 [mm]”. Figured specimen H 8.26, D 6.79,
W 4.3.
Type material. NHMUK 1893.2.4.1128–1129, two syntypes (Morelet coll.).
Remarks. Morelet did not state on how many specimens his description was
based. On the board on which the labels are glued has been written in a later hand
“Type largest / Test. Noviss. No. 101”. e locality on the label probably refers to the
village of Dolores, Petén, Guatemala, which is thus the exact type locality. e current
systematic position follows ompson (2011: 130).
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Simpulopsis (Simpulopsis) simula
(Morelet, 1851).
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50
Strophocheilus (Eurytus) subirroratus da Costa, 1898
Figs 16i–iv, L17iv
Strophocheilus (Eurytus) subirroratus da Costa 1898: 83, g. II; Breure and Schouten
1985: 54.
Porphyrobaphe subirroratus; Pilsbry 1901 [1901–1902]: 163, pl. 24 g. 11.
Porphyrobaphe (Oxyorthalicus) subirroratus; Breure and Borrero 2008: 29.
Type locality. “Paramba, Ecuador”.
Label. “Paramba, Ecuador”, in da Costa’s handwriting.
Dimensions. “Long. 63, diam. 33 mm.”. Figured specimen H 62.6, D 36.6, W 5.9.
Type material. NHMUK 1907.11.21.114, lectotype (da Costa coll.).
Remarks. da Costa did not state on how many specimens his description was
based; the reference in Breure and Schouten (1985) to “HT BMNH 1907.11.21.114”
has to be interpreted as lectotype designation under Art. 74.6 ICZN. e current
systematic position follows Breure and Borrero (2008). However, it should be noted
that Strebel (1909: 120)—after establishing the subgenus Oxyorthalicus—wrote “Die
Skulpturbeschreibung [by da Costa] bezw. das Fehlen der erhabenen Streifen scheint
mir für die Untergattung unwahrscheinlich”. Further anatomical and molecular re-
search should thus shed more light on the taxonomic position.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Porphyrobaphe (Oxyorthalicus) sub-
irroratus (da Costa, 1898).
Drymaeus (Leiostracus) onager subtuszonata Pilsbry, 1899
Figs 23i–ii, L19iii
Bulimus onager Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 45 g. 284. Not Bulimulus onager Beck,
1837.
Drymaeus (Leiostracus) onager var. subtuszonata Pilsbry 1899: 95, pl. 14 g. 17.
Leiostracus subtuzonatus [sic]; Simone 2006: 123, g. 387B.
Type locality. Not given.
Label. Not given [“Brazil” added in a later hand]. M.C. label style I, V.
Dimensions. “[L]ength of 28 mm”. Figured specimen H 29.0, D 14.8, W 7.9.
Type material. NHMUK 20130094, three probable paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pilsbry did not state on how many specimens his description was based,
and gave no type locality as he described what he regarded as a colour variation only.
His gure was a black and white copy of Reeve’s gure. Salvador and Cavallari (2013)
have given this variety specic status and designated a specimen from MZSP as neo-
type. In doing so they disregarded material in the NHMUK (Reeve) and ANSP (Pils-
bry), and their designation did not full the requirements of Art. 75 ICZN. Salvador
et al. (2014) corrected this issue and selected the gure of Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]:
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 51
pl. 45 g. 284 as lectotype, in accordance with Recommendation 74B ICZN. e
specimens found are accompanied by a Reeve label, but cannot be matched exactly to
his gure; they are considered as probable paralectotypes.
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Leiostracus subtuszonatus (Pilsbry, 1899).
Bulimus thompsonii Pfeier, 1845
Figs 8i–ii, L17iii
Bulimus thompsonii Pfeier 1845: 74; Pfeier 1848b: 141; Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]:
pl. 24 g. 158; Breure 1979: 40.
aumastus (Kara) thompsoni [sic]; Breure 1978: 34 (lectotype designation); Breure
and Borrero 2008: 7.
Type locality. [Ecuador] “Quito. (Coll. Cuming)”.
Label. “Quito”, taxon label in Pfeier’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV, V.
Dimensions. “Long. 70, diam. 31 mill.”. Figured specimen H 71.0, D 32.0, W 6.2.
Type material. NHMUK 1975464, lectotype; 1975465, two paralectotypes
(Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based.
e specimen gured by Reeve has been selected lectotype by Breure (1978); the pa-
ralectotypes are less slender. On the basis of molecular analyses of Breure and Rome-
ro (2012), the genus Kara Strebel, 1910 has been placed in the family Orthalicidae
(Breure 2011).
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Kara thompsonii (Pfeier, 1845).
Porphyrobaphe vicaria Fulton, 1896
Figs 20i–ii, L18i
Bulimus labeo Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 71 g. 207b, pl. 72 g. 207c. Not Bulimus
labeo Broderip, 1828.
Porphyrobaphe vicaria Fulton 1896: 103.
Type locality. “Leimabamba, Peru, 8000 feet (O.T. Baron)”.
Label. “Limabambo Peru”. M.C. label style IV.
Dimensions. Not given. Figured specimen H 82.2, D 46.7, W 6.3+.
Type material. NHMUK 20100507, holotype, Lobb leg. (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Fulton mentioned “[t]ype in British Museum (Cuming Collection)”,
and said his taxon had been gured by Reeve. Reeve wrote: “It is with much grati-
cation that I am enabled to give an original gure of the Bulimus labeo, gured at.
Pl. XXXV, from a gure in the Zoological Journal. is shell, from the Cumingian
collection, which I take to be identical with the lost specimen [see Pain 1959] (...). It
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
52
was collected by Mr. Lobb at Limabamba, Peru; a district seldom visited by travellers,
and the same in which Lieut. Mawe obtained the original specimen.” From this text
it may be concluded that Reeve had only seen one specimen, identical to the lost type
of Broderip; Reeve’s shell is thus the holotype of Fulton’s taxon. It is also clear that
the altitude and collector data given by Fulton are erroneous. e current systematic
position at species level follows Richardson (1993: 128).
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Sultana (Metorthalicus) yatesi (Pfeier,
1855).
Bulimus victor Pfeier, 1854
Figs 7vi–vii, L18iii
Bulimus victor Pfeier 1854d: 128; Pfeier 1859: 368; Pfeier 1861 [1860–1866]:
169, pl. 46 gs 1–2; Breure and Schouten 1985: 55 (lectotype designation).
Plekocheilus victor; Pilsbry 1895 [1895–1896]: 82, pl. 33 gs 47–48; Linares and Vera
2012: 174.
Type locality. “in provincia Antioquia, Columbiae (Schlim)”.
Label. “Province of Antioquia / [...] Schlim [...]”, taxon label in Pfeier’s hand-
writing. M.C. label style III.
Dimensions. “Long. 65, diam. 29 mill.”. Figured specimen H 64.0, D 36.7, W 5+.
Type material. NHMUK 1975242, lectotype; 20100567, one paralectotype
(Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was based;
besides the specimen corresponding to Pfeier’s dimensions, and selected lectotype
by Breure and Schouten (1985), a second specimen was found designated as “var.” by
Pfeier (1861: 169). e label accompanying the lectotype is partly fading away; the
apex of this specimen is missing. is species has been listed by Richardson (1993: 120)
under Porphyrobaphe Shuttleworth, 1856, and also under Plekocheilus Guilding, 1828
(Richardson 1995: 324). e reference of Linares and Vera (2012) for this species from
Putumayo must be viewed with suspicion until the voucher specimen has been studied,
as there may be a confusion with a local Plekocheilus species. is taxon has long been
associated with Plekocheilus (Eurytus) Albers, 1850, but re-examination of the type mate-
rial—the protoconch of the paralectotype proves to be smooth—plus recent collections
in north-western Ecuador (Breure unpublished data) reveal that this taxon belongs to
Clathrorthalicus Strebel, 1909. It may be closely allied to Bulimus corydon Crosse, 1869,
B. magnicus Pfeier, 1848, and B. phoebus Pfeier, 1863; however, further anatomical
and molecular studies should reveal the correct systematic position.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Clathrorthalicus victor (Pfeier, 1854)
(comb. n.).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 53
Simpulosis vincentina E.A. Smith, 1895
Figs 29i–ii, L19i
Simpulosis vincentina E.A. Smith 1895: 305, pl. 21 gs 4–5; Pilsbry 1899: 219, pl. 63
gs 65–66; Breure 1979: 134.
Type locality. [West Indies, St. Vincent] “Damp forest, Upper Richmond valley,
2000 ft, on leaves of Artanthe (Piperacea) (H.H. Smith)”.
Label. “Damp forest, Upper Richmond valley, 2000 ft, on leaves of Artanthe
(Piperacea), St. Vincent, B.W.I.”.
Dimensions. “Longit. 13, diam. maj. 10 mm”. Figured specimen H 11.4, D 10.2, W 2.8.
Type material. NHMUK 1895.6.17.458, holotype, H.H. Smith leg.
Remarks. E.A. Smith wrote “[o]nly a single specimen was collected.” Both body
of the last whorl and the lip are partly broken in the holotype. e current systematic
position follows Richardson (1995: 368).
Current systematic position. Simpulopsidae, Simpulosis (S.) vincentina E.A.
Smith, 1895.
Bulimus yanamensis Morelet, 1863
Figs 8v–vi, L18ii
Bulimus yanamensis Morelet 1863: 171, pl. 8 g. 3; Pilsbry 1868: 87; Breure 1979: 40.
Strophocheilus yanamensis; Pilsbry 1895 [1895–1896]: 54, pl. 27 g. 97.
aumastus (Kara) yanamensis; Breure 1978: 34 (lectotype designation).
Type locality. [Peru] “Yanama”.
Label. “Yanama. Pérou”, taxon label in Morelet’s handwriting.
Dimensions. “Longit. 58; diam. 25 (...) mill.”. Figured specimen H 48.6, D 26.9,
W 5.4.
Type material. NHMUK 1893.2.4.167–168, [two paralectotypes] (Morelet coll.).
Remarks. Morelet did not state on how many specimens his description was
based; the two specimens mentioned by Breure (1978) were absent, although the labels
of the lot have been found and a picture has been taken. e lectotype is present in the
MNHG collection. is taxon has been associated with the genus Kara Strebel, 1910.
On the basis of molecular analyses of Breure and Romero (2012), this genus has been
placed in the family Orthalicidae (Breure 2011).
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Kara yanamensis (Morelet, 1863).
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
54
Bulimus yatesi Pfeier, 1855
Figs 20iii–iv, L19ii
Bulimus yatesi Pfeier 1855c: 93, pl. 31 g. 5; Pfeier 1856 [1854–1860]: 63, pl. 18
gs 1–2; Pfeier 1859: 371.
Orthalicus yatesi; Pilsbry 1899: 202, pl. 43 g. 17.
Sultana (Metorthalicus) yatesi; Breure and Schouten 1985: 28 (lectotype designation).
Type locality. “Meobamba, Eastern Peru (Mr. Yates)”.
Label. “Meobamba, East Peru”. M.C. label style III.
Dimensions. “Long. 82, diam. 32 mill.”. Figured specimen H 84.3, D 39.7, W 7.2.
Type material. NHMUK 1975239/1, lectotype; 1975239/2–3, two paralecto-
types (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Pfeier did not state on how many specimens his description was
based; Pfeier (1856 [1854–1860]) mentioned “Aus H. Cumings’s und meiner
Sammlung”. e specimen gured by Pfeier (1855c) was selected lectotype by
Breure and Schouten (1985). e current systematic position follows Richardson
(1993: 127) at the species level.
Current systematic position. Orthalicidae, Sultana (Metorthalicus) yatesi (Pfeier,
1855).
Addenda et corrigenda
I. Nomen inquirendum
e systematic position of the following taxon cannot be ascertained at present, and it
is herein considered a nomen inquirendum.
Bulimulus (Protoglyptus) dejectus Fulton, 1907
Figs 9iii, L6i
Bulimulus (Protoglyptus) dejectus Fulton 1907: 153, pl. 10 g. 1; Breure 2011: 22, g.
15B, 15iii.
Protoglyptus dejectus; Simone 2006: 148, g. 500A.
Type locality. “Santa Catarina (de Linnaea Institute label)”.
Label. “St. Catharina”.
Dimensions. “Maj. diam. 10, alt. 29 mm”. Figured specimen H 29.2, D 10.0, W 7.8.
Type material. NHMUK 1907.5.3.163, lectotype (ex Sowerby and Fulton).
Remarks. Fulton did not state on how many specimens his description was based.
e specimen found agrees with Fulton’s measurements and is now designated lectotype
(design.n.). e sculpture of the protoconch is not with axial wrinkles as usual in Protoglyptus
Pilsbry, 1897, but with axial wrinkles, partly broken into granules. It may be noted that all
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 55
species currently classied with this genus occur in the West Indies (Breure and Romero
2012; Breure and Ablett 2014). Breure (2011) retained this taxon with this genus, but
expressed doubts and suggested further research. e surface of the teleoconch has spiral
series of small granules, denoting an epidermis covered with hairs when fresh; this has both
been observed in some species of Rhinus Albers, 1860, and Naesiotus Albers, 1850. Although
the shape of the shell cannot be conclusive evidence for generic classication, it may be
noted that Fulton compared this species to Helix crepundia d’Orbigny, 1835, which has
been classied with Naesiotus sensu lato (Breure and Ablett 2014). Only further anatomical
and molecular work can shed more light on the correct systematic position of this taxon.
Current systematic position. ?Bulimulidae, ?Naesiotus dejectus (Fulton, 1907).
Nomen inquirendum.
II. Types not located.
Type material of the following taxa, previously known to be extant in the NHMUK,
has not been found during our study.
Bulimus dennisoni Reeve, 1848
Bulimus dennisoni Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 26 g. 166; Pfeier 1853b: 380;
Pfeier 1855 in Küster and Pfeier 1840–1865: 245, pl. 66 gs 1–2.
Hemibulimus (Myiorthalicus) dennisoni; Breure and Schouten 1985: 46.
Type locality. “—?”.
Dimensions. Not given.
Remarks. e two syntypes mentioned by Breure and Schouten (1985) could not
be located during our research. e size of these specimens falls within the variation
mentioned by Pfeier (1853d: “71–83 mill.”) for material from Cuming’s and Den-
nison’s collection.
Helix miliola d’Orbigny, 1835
Fig. L14i
Helix miliola d’Orbigny 1835: 17.
Pupa miliola d’Orbigny 1838 [1834–1847]: 323; Gray 1854: 24.
Type locality. “imperio Brasiliano”.
Dimensions. “Latit. 2 millim., longit. 1 millim.”.
Type material. NHMUK 1854.12.4.239, [seven syntypes] (d’Orbigny coll.).
Remarks. Seven specimens were known to be present (cf. the registration book, which
has an undated note in pencil “6 missing”), but none could not be found. is taxon has
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
56
been mentioned under two dierent species by Richardson (1993: 36, as synonym of Bu-
linus janeirensis Sowerby I, 1833; 1993: 47, as synonym of Odontostomus juvencus Mörch,
1852). e former is an erroneously reference to d’Orbigny 1837 [1834–1847]: pl. 39 gs
1–2, who corrected the legend to his gure to Bulimus fuscagula d’Orbigny “(guré sous le
faux nom de Bulimus Miliola)”; d’Orbigny 1846 [1834–1847]: 696.
Helix progastor d’Orbigny, 1835
Fig. L15v
Helix progastor d’Orbigny 1835: 2; d’Orbigny 1836 [1834–1847]: 255, pl. 22 gs
12–15 [text 30 March 1838]; Gray 1854: 12.
Simpulopsis progastor; Pilsbry 1899: 223, pl. 64 gs 1–3.
Eudioptus progastor; Simone 2006: 180, g. 655.
Type locality. “Brasilianis oris”.
Dimensions. “Longit. 7 millim.”.
Type material. NHMUK 1854.12.4.72, [one syntype] (d’Orbigny coll.).
Remarks. d’Orbigny (1838 [1834–1847]: 255) specied the type locality as “la
province des Mines” [Minas Gerais]. is taxon was marked in Gray (1854) with
“B.M.” [NHMUK], but the type material has not been located during our research.
Bulimus vitrinoides Reeve, 1848
Bulimus vitrinoides Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 46 g. 290; Breure 79: 136.
Type locality. “—?” “Mus. Cuming”.
Dimensions. Not given.
Remarks. e syntype material mentioned by Breure (1979) has not been located
during our study. It is possible that this material has not been registered. However, the
NHMUK copy of Reeve (1848–1850) for Bulimus vitrinoides has the species name
crossed out and ‘citrino-vitreus Moricand’ penciled in. In the general collection one lot
was found (registered NHMUK 1841.4.28.110); one specimen matches the illustra-
tion but is smaller. ese specimens are not considered type material as they are not
from the Cuming collection but were ‘purchased of M. M. Parreys d’Vienna’.
III. Types not found in NHMUK, but expected to be present.
e following taxa were expected to be represented with type material; however, no
material could be found matching the data in the original publication.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 57
Bulinus adamsonii J.E. Gray 1834: 123.—Described from “the collection of Mr. Ad-
amson in Newcastle”, of which the fate is unknown.
Bulini guadaloupensis alba Sowerby I in J.E. Gray and Sowerby I 1839: 144, pl. 38
g. 13.
Achatina atramentaria Pfeier 1855d: 116.—Described from “the collection of H.
Cuming”, but not found.
Bulimus aulacostylus Pfeier 1853b: 316.—Described from “Mus. Cuming”, but not
found.
Bulinus bilabiatus Broderip and Sowerby I 1829: 49, suppl. pl. 40 gs 1–2.—e
specimens gured by Reeve 1849 [1848–1850]: pl. 83 gs 201a–b are present in
the General Collection (NHMUK 20110080).
Bulinus bilineatus Sowerby I 1833: 37.—Described from “shells collected by Mr.
Cuming”, but not found.
Bulinus bivittatus Sowerby I 1833 [Sowerby I and II 1832–1841]: 7, g. 46.
Bulimus blainvilleanus Pfeier 1848a: 230.—Described from “the collection of H.
Cuming”, but not found.
Bulimus bolivianus Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 44 g. 281.—Described from “Mus.
Denisson”.
Bulinus cactivorus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832: 31—Five specimens
were found in the General Collection, of which one may have been illustrated by
Sowerby I 1833 [Sowerby I and II 1832–1841]: g. 2. However, the label reads
“Peru”, and thus does not correspond to the type locality given in the original
publication (“Montechris in West Columbia”).
Bulimus cantatus Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 56 g. 375.—Described from “Mus.
Denisson”.
Bulimus cardinalis Pfeier 1853b: 316.—Described from “Mus. Cuming”, but not
found.
Bulimus castelnaui Pfeier 1857c: 332.— Described from “the collection of H. Cuming”,
but not found.
Bulimus castrensis Pfeier 1847: 115.— Described from “the collection of H. Cuming”,
but not found.
Bulimulus (Drymaeus) chacoensis Preston 1907: 491, g. 5.
Bulimus coerulescens Pfeier 1858: 257.— Described from “the collection of H. Cuming”,
but not found.
Bulimus columellaris Reeve 1849 [1848–1850]: pl. 73 g. 528.—Described from
“Mus. Cuming”, but not found.
Bulimus connus Reeve 1850 [1848–1850]: pl. 86 g. 643.—Described from “Mus.
Cuming”, but not found.
Bulimus coniformis Pfeier 1847: 114.— Described from “the collection of H. Cum-
ing”, with type locality [Venezuela] “Merida, Andes of Bolivia”; material found in
the Cuming collection have lost their label with Pfeier’s handwriting and have
“Venezuela” as locality, and is not considered type material.
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
58
Bulimus constrictus Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 47 g. 307.— Described from “Mus.
Cuming”, but not found.
Bulimus contortuplicatus Reeve 1850 [1848–1850]: pl. 88 g. 658.—Described from
“Mus. Miers”.
Bulinus coquimbensis Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832: 30.— Described from
“the collection of H. Cuming”, but not found.
Bulinus corneus Sowerby I 1833: 37.—Described from “shells collected by Mr. Cuming”,
but not found.
Bulinus corrugatus King in King and Broderip 1831: 341.—“A specimen is deposited
in the British Museum”, but has not been found.
Bulimus curianianus Reeve 1849 [1848–1850]: pl. 58 g. 390.—Described from
“Mus. Dyson”.
Bulinus decoloratus Sowerby I 1833: 73.—Described from “shells collected by Mr.
Cuming”, but not found.
Bulimus draparnaudi Pfeier 1847: 113.— Described from “the collection of H.
Cuming”, but not found.
Bulimus droueti Pfeier 1857b: 319, pl. 35 g. 12.—e material found is from the
Cuming collection, but lacks evidence that is was collected by Sallé.
Bulimus eganus Pfeier 1853 in Küster and Pfeier 1840–1865: 85, pl. 30 gs 11–12.—
Described “Aus H. Cuming’s Sammlung”, but not found.
Bulinus erythrostoma Sowerby I 1833: 37.—Described from “shells collected by Mr.
Cuming”, but not found.
Partula avescens King in King and Broderip 1831: 342.—“Mus. Brit., nost. [King
coll.], Brod.”; not found.
Bulinus granulosus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832: 31.—Described from
“the collection made by Mr. Cuming”, but not found.
Bulinus gravesii King in King and Broderip 1831: 340.—“Mus.nost.” [King coll.].
Plekocheilus glaber grenadensis Guppy 1868: 436.—See also Dance 1966: 288.
Bulimus guentheri Sowerby III 1892: 296, pl. 23 gs 7–8.—Sowerby wrote “[t]he only
specimen I have seen belongs to the National Collection at South Kensington
[NHMUK]”, but has not been encountered.
Bulimus guttula Pfeier 1854c: 154.—Description based on material “collected by M.
Bourcier”, and presumed to be in NHMUK but not found.
Bulimus hegewischi Pfeier 1842: 46.—Described from “[Mexico] Tenango” and a
colour variety from “Michoacan, Pazquaro. (Hegewisch in litt.)”; specimens found
in the Cuming collection are labeled “Rio Frio”, and not considered type material.
Bulimus hennahi J.E. Gray 1828: 5, pl. 5 g. 5.
Bulimus hyematus Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 49 g. 324.—Described from “Mus.
Cuming”, but not found.
Otostomus (Drymaeus) lilacinus ictericus Martens 1893 [1890–1901]: 202.
Bulimus inaequalis Pfeier 1857c: 330.—Described from “the collection of H. Cuming”;
the material found has no locality label.
Bulinus inatus Broderip, 1836: 45.—Described from a shell “brought home by Mr.
Cuming”, but not encountered in the collection.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 59
Bulimus iostoma Sowerby I 1824: 58, pl. 5 g. 1.
Bulinus janeirensis Sowerby I 1838 [Sowerby I and II 1832–1841]: 8, g. 97.
Bulimus jucundus Pfeier 1855b: 290.—Described “from Mr. Cuming’s collection”,
but not found.
Bulinus labeo Broderip 1828: 222, suppl. pl. 31.—See also Pain 1959.
Bulinus laurentii Sowerby I 1833: 37.—Described from “shells collected by Mr. Cuming”,
but not found.
Bulimus lindeni Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 31 g. 189.—Described from “Mus.
Cuming”, but not found.
Helix listeri Wood 1828: 22, pl. 7 g. 23.—“Br.M.” [NHMUK], not found.
Orthalicus macandrewi Sowerby III 1889: 398, pl. 25 g. 18.—Based on a “single
specimen”, which is, however, not present in the NHMUK collection.
Bulinus mutabilis Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832: 108—Several lots are
present in the General Collection, however, none matching the original data.
Bulimus navarrensis Angas 1878: 73, pl. 5 gs 15–16.—“(Mus. Boucard)”.
Otostomus chiapensis nebulosus Martens 1893 [1890–1901]: 205, pl. 12 g. 15.—Based
on Strebel and Pfeer (1882).
Bulimulus (Drymaeus) nigroumbilicatus Preston 1907: 491, g. 6.
Helix orobaena d’Orbigny 1835: 17.— is taxon is marked by Gray (1854: 18) as
being absent, thus the material in MNHN is the sole extant.
Bulinus pallidior Sowerby I 1833: 72.—Sowerby wrote “Mr. Cuming obtained two
specimens of this species in South America, but without being able to ascertain
its locality”. e material found is from the Cuming collection, and has a label
“Central America”; since it comprises four specimens it is not considered as type
material.
Bulimus pardalis Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 24 g. 157.—“Mus. Dennison”.
Bulimus peelii Reeve 1859: 123.—is species has been mentioned by Richardson
both as Porphyrobaphe (Richardson 1993: 120) and Drymaeus (Richardson 1995:
161); we consider only the latter classication to be correct.
Bulimus pentlandi Reeve 1849 [1848–1850]: pl. 83 g. 614.—“Mus. Hamilton”.
Otostomus attenuatus pittieri Martens 1893 [1890–1901]: 216, pl. 16 g. 1.—Based
on material collected by Pittier (see Angas 1879: 478).
Bulimus primularis Reeve 1849 [1848–1850]: pl. 73 g. 527.—Based on material
from “Mus. Cuming”, but not located.
Bulinus princeps Broderip in Sowerby I 1833 [Sowerby I and II 1832–1841]: 6, g. 18.
Tomigerus principalis Sowerby II 1849: 14, pl. 2 gs 6–7.—“In Mr. Cuming’s collection”,
but not located.
Bulinus pulchellus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832: 106.—Described from
“shells collected by Mr. Cuming”, but not found.
Bulinus pulchellus Sowerby I 1838 [Sowerby I and II 1832–1841]: 8, gs 91–92 (not
Broderip 1832) .
Bulimus rhodacme Pfeier 1842: 50.—“(Bridges, Cuming)”, but material not located.
Bulinus rubellus Broderip 1832: 124.— Described from “shells collected by Mr. Cuming”,
but not found.
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
60
Bulimus rubescens Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 23 g. 148.—“(Mus. Cuming)”, not found.
Bulimus rupicolus Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 16 g. 93.—“(Mus. Cuming)”, not found.
Bulimus sarcodes Pfeier 1846: 30.—Described from “the collection of H. Cuming”;
the material was not found.
Bulimus sayi Pfeier 1847: 114.—Based on material “in the collection of Hugh Cum-
ing”, but not located.
Bulimus scytodes Pfeier 1853b: 256.—Described from “the collection of Hugh Cum-
ing”; the material was not found.
Bulimus sporadicus Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 49 g. 325.—“(Mus. Cuming)”, not
found.
Bulinus striatulus Sowerby I 1833: 73.—Described from “shells collected by Mr. Cuming”,
but not found.
Bulinus striatus ‘King’ Sowerby I 1833 [Sowerby I and II 1832–1841]: 7, g. 56.
Clausilia? (Balea?) taylori Pfeier 1861b: 27, pl. 2 g. 7.—Described from “the collec-
tion of H. Cuming”, but the material has not been found.
Bulinus tigris Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832: 107.—Described from “shells
collected by Mr. Cuming”, but not found.
Otostomus (Drymaeus) lilacinus undulosus Martens 1893 [1890–1901]: 201.—Based
on material collected by Champion, but not found.
Bulinus varians Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832: 107.—Described from
“shells collected by Mr. Cuming”, but not found.
Tomigerus venezuelensis Pfeier 1856: 36.—Described from “the collection of H.
Cuming”, but the material has not been found.
Bulimus venosus Reeve 1848 [1848–1850]: pl. 45 g. 285.—“(Mus. Cuming)”, not found.
Bulimulus (Drymaeus) ventricosus Preston 1907: 495, g. 10.
Bulinus vexillum Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832: 105.—Described from
“shells collected by Mr. Cuming”, but not found.
Helix vexillum Wood 1828: 24, pl. 8 g. 78a.—“M.Cab.” [Mrs. Mawe’s coll.].
Bulimulus (Drymaeus) vicinus Preston 1907: 495, g. 11.
Bilinus vittatus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832: 31.—Described from “shells
collected by Mr. Cuming”, but not found.
Bulimus ziegleri Reeve 1849 [1848–1850]: pl. 58 g. 389.—“(Mus. Cuming)”.
IV. Addendum to part 2, Bothriembryontidae and Odontostomidae (Breure and
Ablett 2012)
Bulimus senilis Gassies, 1869
Bulimus senilis Gassies 1869: 71.
Placostylus senilis; Neubeurt et al. 2009: 110, g. 18 (lectotype designation).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 61
Type locality. [New Caledonia] “Baie du Sud (Nov. Cal.)” (see remarks).
Label. “New Caledonia”.
Dimensions. “Long. 129 mill., diam. maj. 65”. Figured specimen H 126.1, D
56.3, W 7.0.
Type material. NHMUK 1883.11.10.1179, one paralectotype ex Sowerby ex
Gassies.
Remarks. Neubert et al. (2009) suggested that the type locality may be erroneous
as this taxon is only known from Ile des Pins and Koutoumo. See also their discussion
on the variation within this species and consider their general remark that this species
is “either recently extinct and/or represent morphological variations of extant taxa”.
e lectotype selected by Neubert et al. (2009) is MNHN 21367.
Current systematic position. Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus senilis (Gassies, 1869).
V. Corrigenda to part 2, Bothriembryontidae and Odontostomidae (Breure and
Ablett 2012)
p. 3: salomonis (Pfeier, 1853) shoud be removed under Placostylus Beck, 1837, and
inserted under Santacharis Iredale, 1927.
p. 25: Pupa spixii major d’Orbigny, 1837 under Type material: the lectotype has reg-
istration number 1854.12.4.230 instead of 1885.12.4.232. e latter lot is from
“Corrientes, Argentina”, while lot 1854.12.4.230 is from “Guarayos, Bolivia”. e
specimen gured in Figs 22A–E is actually a paralectotype from this locality; for
the lectotype see Figure 30 in this paper.
p. 30: Bulimus ouensis Gassies, 1870 under Type material: the holotype has registration
number 1883.11.10.1176 where it should read 1883.11.10.1167.
VI. Addendum to part 3, Bulimulidae (Breure and Ablett 2014)
Bulimus diaphanus Pfeier, 1855
Bulimus diaphanus Pfeier 1855a: 125; Pfeier 1859: 505; Breure 1979: 62.
Bulimulus diaphanus; Pilsbry 1897 [1897–1898]: 47.
Bulimulus (Bulimulus) diaphanus diaphanus; Breure 1974: 30, pl. III s 11–12.
Type locality. “S. omas, West Indies (Bland)”.
Dimensions. “Long. 15, diam. 7 mill.”.
Remarks. e two specimens mentioned and gured by Breure (1974) have to be
considered as lost, as—despite repetitive searches—they could not be re-found during
our research.
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
62
Bulimulus (Drymaeus) interruptus pallidus Preston, 1909
Bulimulus (Drymaeus) interruptus var. pallidus Preston 1909: 511, g. 2.
Type locality.“Merida, Venezuela”.
Label. “Merida, Venezuela”.
Dimensions. Not given. Figured specimen H 23.5, D 11.9, W 4.3+.
Type material. NHMUK 1914.4.3.41, lectotype (ex Preston).
Remarks. is varietal name has been treated as unavailable under Art. 45.6 ICZN
by Breure and Ablett (2014: 96). Paul Callomon (pers. commun.) has suggested that this
should be reconsidered and doubted if a lectotype of the nominal name already existed.
Our opinion is as follows:
a) Preston undoubtedly had a series of specimens at hand when describing Bulimulus
(Drymaeus) interruptus; both the wording “to be greatly variable” and “its principle
forms” are indicative of this.
b) Breure (1979: 120) mentioned this taxon in his listing under Drymaeus (Mesem-
brinus) Albers, 1850, and stated “HT BMNH 1914.4.3.38” [referring to a single
specimen, thus qualifying Art. 74.6.1.2 jo. 74.3]; Art. 74.6 ICZN rules this state-
ment as a lectotype designation. It should be noted, however, that Breure did not
list the “var. pallidus” of Preston in his paper (cf. point d below).
c) Köhler (1997) also concluded that this taxon was described from several specimens
but said “A holotype has not been designated. erefore, the present specimen
[ZMB 59597] is a syntype. Consequently, the specimen in the BMNH referred
to as holotype by Breure (1979) is a syntype”. Overlooking, as explained in the
previous item, the lectotype designation under Art. 74.6 (see previous point).
d) Reconsidering the (un)availability under Art. 45.6, it is important to note that var.
pallidus was proposed before 1961 and has to be treated as subspecic (see the con-
tributions of Steve Lingafelter and Doug Yanega on the Taxacom listing, http://
to.ly/zFZO). It may be noted that the only reference to this taxon after Preston’s
publication is in Baker (1926: 44), who regarded it as a synonym of Bulimus gra-
nadensis Pfeier, 1848 (see also Richardson 1995: 133).
e) While Bulimulus (Drymaeus) interruptus var. pallidus is an available name, we con-
cur with Baker (1926) and Richardson (1995) to consider this taxon as a synonym
of the nominal form.
e specimen of var. pallidus in the NHMUK is now designated lectotype
(design.n.) to xate this synonymisation. e text in Breure and Ablett (2014: 96),
under ’Type material’, should be corrected as follows: “NHMUK 1914.3.38, lectotype;
1914.4.3.39–40, 42–43, four paralectotypes”.
Current systematic position. Bulimulidae, Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) interruptus
(Preston, 1909).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 63
VII. Corrigenda to part 3, Bulimulidae (Breure and Ablett 2014)
e ’Systematic list of taxa arranged in generic order’ on page 3–7 should be replaced
by the following text:
Family Bulimulidae Tryon, 1867
Auris Spix, 1827
swainsoni Pfeier, 1845.
Bostryx Troschel, 1847 sensu Breure 1979 (see also Breure 2012b)
acalles Pfeier, 1853; anis Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I, 1832; agueroi Wey-
rauch, 1960; aileenae Breure, 1978; albicans Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby
I, 1832; albicolor Morelet, 1863; albus Sowerby I, 1833; andoicus Morelet, 1863;
apodemeta d’Orbigny, 1835; atacamensis Pfeier, 1856; balsanus Morelet, 1863;
cactorum d’Orbigny, 1835; ceratacme Pfeier, 1855; cercicola Morelet 1863; com-
pactus Fulton, 1902; conspersus Sowerby I, 1833; coriaceus Pfeier, 1857; costatus
Weyrauch, 1960; costifer Weyrauch, 1960; delumbis Reeve, 1849; denickei J.E.
Gray, 1852; depstus Reeve, 1849; derelictus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I,
1832; devians Dohrn, 1863; emaciatus Morelet, 1863; erosus Broderip in Broderip
and Sowerby I, 1832; ferrugineus Reeve, 1849; glomeratus Weyrauch, 1960; gut-
tatus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I, 1832; hamiltoni Reeve, 1849; holostoma
Pfeier, 1846; huascensis Reeve, 1848; infundibulum Pfeier, 1853; kathiae Breure,
1978; lactiuus Pfeier, 1857; lesueureanus Morelet, 1860; lichnorum d’Orbigny,
1835; limensis Reeve, 1849; limonoica d’Orbigny, 1835; longinquus Morelet, 1863;
luridus Pfeier, 1863; mejillonensis Pfeier, 1857; metagyra Pilsbry and Olsson,
1949; minor Weyrauch, 1960; modestus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I, 1832;
moniezi Dautzenberg, 1896; montagnei d’Orbigny, 1837; mordani Breure, 1978;
multispira da Costa, 1904; nanus Reeve, 1849; nigropileatus Reeve, 1849; obliquist-
riatus da Costa, 1901; orophilus Morelet, 1860; papillatus Morelet, 1860; paposensis
Pfeier, 1856; paucicostatus Breure, 1978; philippii Pfeier, 1842; pictus Pfeier,
1855; pruinosus Sowerby I, 1833; pupiformis Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby
I, 1832; pustulosus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I, 1832; radiatus Morelet,
1863; reconditus Reeve, 1849; rehderi Weyrauch, 1960; rhodolarynx Reeve, 1849;
rodriguezae Weyrauch, 1967; rusticellus Morelet, 1860; scabiosus Sowerby I, 1833;
scalaricosta Morelet, 1860; scalariformis Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I, 1832;
serotinus Morelet, 1860; simpliculus Pfeier, 1855; spiculatus Morelet, 1860; stenac-
me Pfeier, 1857; terebralis Pfeier, 1842; torallyi d’Orbigny, 1835; tricinctus Reeve,
1848; tumidulus Pfeier, 1842; turritus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I, 1832;
umbilicaris Souleyet, 1842; veruculum Morelet, 1860; vilchezi Weyrauch, 1960;
virgultorum Morelet, 1863; voithianus Pfeier, 1847; woodwardi Pfeier, 1857.
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
64
Bulimulus Leach, 1814
barbadensis Pfeier, 1853; cacticolus Reeve, 1849; dysoni Pfeier, 1846; eeminatus
Reeve, 1848; erectus Reeve 1849; haplochrous Pfeier, 1855; heloica d’Orbigny,
1835; ignavus Reeve, 1849; inutilis Reeve, 1850; istapensis Crosse and Fischer,
1873; juvenilis Pfeier, 1855; marcidus Pfeier, 1853; mollicellus Reeve, 1849;
monachus Pfeier, 1857; montevidensis Pfeier, 1846; nubeculatus Pfeier, 1853;
pervius Pfeier, 1853; pessulatus Reeve, 1848; petenensis Morelet, 1851; pliculatus
Pfeier, 1857; rubrifasciatus Reeve, 1848; sporadica d’Orbigny, 1835; transparens
Reeve, 1849; turritella d’Orbigny, 1835; vesicalis Pfeier, 1853.
Drymaeus (Drymaeus) Albers, 1850
abruptus Rolle, 1904; abscissus Pfeier, 1855; abyssorum d’Orbigny, 1835; aequatori-
anus E.A. Smith, 1877; acervatus Pfeier, 1857; acuminatus da Costa, 1906; ala-
bastrinus da Costa, 1906; albolabiatus E.A. Smith, 1877; ambustus Reeve, 1849;
angustus da Costa, 1906; antioquiensis Pfeier, 1855; arcuatostriatus Pfeier,
1855; auris Pfeier, 1866; baranguillanus Pfeier, 1853; bartletti H. Adams,
1867; bellus da Costa, 1906; bogotensis Pfeier, 1855; bolivarii d’Orbigny, 1835;
bolivianus Pfeier, 1846; boucardi da Costa, 1907; bourcieri Pfeier, 1853;
brachysoma d’Orbigny, 1835; buckleyi Sowerby III, 1895; canaliculatus Pfeier,
1845; castaneostrigatus da Costa, 1906; caucaensis da Costa, 1898; chamaeleon
Pfeier, 1855; chimborasensis Reeve, 1848; chiriquensis da Costa, 1901; clath-
ratus Pfeier, 1858; coarctatus Pfeier, 1845; conuens Pfeier, 1855; convexus
Pfeier, 1855; cuticula Pfeier, 1855; cuzcoensis Reeve, 1849; dacostae Sowerby
III, 1892; dombeyanus Pfeier, 1846; dunkeri Pfeier in Philippi, 1846; elsteri
da Costa, 1901; exoticus da Costa, 1901; expatriatus Preston, 1909; fabrefac-
tus Reeve, 1848; fallax Pfeier, 1853; farrisi Pfeier, 1858; felix Pfeier, 1862;
fenestratus Pfeier, 1846; exilabris Pfeier, 1853; exuosus Pfeier, 1853; fu-
catus Reeve, 1849; fusoides d’Orbigny, 1835; gealei H. Adams, 1867; geometri-
cus Pfeier, 1846; gueinzii Pfeier, 1857; hidalgoi da Costa, 1898; humboldtii
Reeve, 1849; hygrohylea d’Orbigny, 1835; inclinatus Pfeier, 1862; incognitus
da Costa, 1907; jansoni Martens, 1893; josephus Angas, 1878; knorri Pfeier
in Philippi, 1846; lamas Higgins, 1868; lattrei Pfeier in Philippi, 1846; laxo-
stylus Rolle, 1904; lilacinus Reeve, 1849; linostoma d’Orbigny, 1835; lophoica
d’Orbigny, 1835; lucidus da Costa, 1898; malleatus da Costa, 1898; marmarina
d’Orbigny, 1835; murrinus Reeve, 1848; musivus Pfeier, 1855; napo Angas,
1878; notabilis da Costa, 1906; notatus da Costa, 1906; nystianus Pfeier, 1853;
ochrocheilus E.A. Smith, 1877; orthostoma E.A. Smith, 1877; patricius Reeve,
1849; perenensis da Costa, 1901; pergracilis Rolle, 1904; phryne Pfeier, 1863;
plicatoliratus da Costa, 1898; poecila d’Orbigny, 1835; ponsonbyi da Costa, 1907;
praetextus Reeve, 1849; protractus Pfeier, 1855; pseudofusoides da Costa, 1906;
pulcherrimus H. Adams, 1867; punctatus da Costa, 1907; quadrifasciatus An-
gas, 1878; recedens Pfeier, 1864; regularis Fulton, 1905; rosenbergi da Costa,
1900; rubrovariegatus Higgins, 1868; saccatus Pfeier, 1855; schmidti Pfeier,
1854; scitulus Reeve, 1849; scitus H. Adams, 1867; selli Preston, 1909; serra-
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 65
tus Pfeier, 1855; smithii da Costa, 1898; solidus Preston, 1907; spadiceus da
Costa, 1906; spectatus Reeve, 1849; strigatus Sowerby I, 1833; subhybridus da
Costa, 1906; subinterruptus Pfeier, 1853; subventricosus da Costa, 1901; sykesi
da Costa, 1906; tigrinus da Costa, 1898; vespertinus Pfeier, 1858; volsus Fulton,
1907; xanthostoma d’Orbigny, 1835; yungasensis d’Orbigny, 1837; zhorquinensis
Angas, 1879; ziczac da Costa, 1898; zoographica d’Orbigny, 1835.
Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) Albers, 1850
aestivus Pfeier, 1857; amandus Pfeier, 1855; andicola Pfeier, 1847; apicepunc-
tata Preston, 1914; apiculata J.E. Gray, 1834; attenuatus Pfeier, 1853; aureolus
Guppy, 1866; auriuus Pfeier, 1857; broadwayi E.A. Smith, 1896; bugabensis
Martens, 1893; californicus Reeve, 1848; cancellata da Costa, 1906; castus Pfeier,
1847; championi Martens, 1893; citronellus Angas, 1879; columbiensis Pfeier,
1856; conicus da Costa, 1907; demotus Reeve, 1850; depictus Reeve, 1849; de-
shayesi Pfeier, 1845; discrepans Sowerby I, 1833; dubius Pfeier, 1853; dutail-
lyi Pfeier, 1857; electrum Reeve, 1848; erubescens Pfeier, 1847; feriatus Reeve,
1850; dustus Reeve, 1849; avidulus E.A. Smith, 1877; oridanus Pfeier, 1857;
fuscobasis E.A. Smith, 1877; gabbi Angas, 1879; gruneri Pfeier, 1846; hachen-
sis Reeve, 1850; hepatostomus Pfeier, 1861; homanni Martens, 1893; hondu-
rasanus Pfeier, 1846; hypozonus Martens, 1893; immaculatus C.B. Adams in
Reeve, 1850; incarnatus Pfeier, 1855; inglorius Reeve, 1848; interruptus Preston,
1909; inusitatus Fulton, 1900; iodostylus Pfeier, 1861; jonasi Pferier in Philip-
pi, 1846; keppelli Pfeier, 1853; koppeli Sowerby III, 1892; laetus Reeve, 1849;
lascellianus E.A. Smith, 1895; lirinus Morelet, 1851; lividus Reeve, 1850; lox-
anus Higgins, 1872; loxensis Pfeier, 1846; lucidus Reeve, 1848; lusorius Pfeier,
1855; manupictus Reeve, 1848; meridanus Pfeier, 1846; monilifer Reeve, 1848;
moricandi Pfeier, 1847; moritinctus Martens, 1893; mossi E.A. Smith, 1896;
moussoni Pfeier, 1853; muliebris Reeve, 1849; nigrofasciatus Pfeier in Philip-
pi, 1846; nitelinus Reeve, 1849; nitidus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I,
1832; nubilus Preston, 1903; pallidus Preston, 1909; panamensis Broderip in
Broderip and Sowerby I, 1832; pervariabilis Pfeier, 1853; prestoni da Costa,
1906; primula Reeve, 1848; puellaris Reeve, 1850; rawsonis H. Adams, 1873;
rectilinearis Pfeier, 1855; roseatus Reeve, 1848; signifer Pfeier, 1855; sisalensis
Morelet, 1849; sowerbyi Pfeier, 1847; studeri Pfeier, 1847; subpellucidus E.A.
Smith, 1877; sulcosus Pfeier, 1841; sulphureus Pfeier, 1857; tenuilabris Pfeier,
1866; translucens Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I, 1832; trimarianus Mar-
tens, 1893; trinitarius E.A. Smith, 1986; tristis Pfeier, 1855; tropicalis Morelet,
1849; umbraticus Reeve, 1850; varicosus Pfeier, 1853; vincentinus Pfeier, 1846;
virginalis Pfeier, 1856; wintlei Finch, 1929.
Kuschelenia (Kuschelenia) Hylton Scott, 1951
confusus Reeve, 1848; culminea d’Orbigny, 1835; edwardsi Morelt, 1863; gayi Pfeier,
1857; jussieui Pfeier, 1846; lithoica d’Orbigny, 1835; thamnoica d’Orbigny,
1835; tupacii d’Orbigny, 1835.
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
66
Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) Rochebrune, 1882 (comb. n.)
Remarks. David Campbell (pers. commun.) kindly made us aware that the name
Vermiculatus Breure, 1978 is preceded by Bocourtia Rochebrune, 1882. Rochebrune
(1882: 117) described this genus from ailand as a member of Lymnaeidae; the type
species B. lymnaeformis Rochebrune, 1882 was subsequently designated by Hubendick
(1951: 114), but Ancey (1906: 317) and Germain (1910: C.32) already recognised
that this species was identical to Bulimus anthisanensis Pfeier, 1853. e name Ver-
miculatus Breure, 1978 (type species Bulinus bicolor Sowerby I, 1835) is thus a subjec-
tive junior synonym of Bocourtia Rochebrune, 1882 (syn. n.). e following taxa are
aected by this new classication (comb. n.):
aequatorius Pfeier, 1853; anthisanensis Pfeier, 1853; aquilus Reeve, 1848; badius
Sowerby I, 1835; bicolor Sowerby I, 1835; caliginosus Reeve, 1849; coagulatus Reeve,
1849; cotopaxiensis Pfeier, 1853; laris Pfeier, 1853; nucinus Reeve, 1850; ochraceus
Morelet, 1863; peaki Breure, 1978; petiti Pfeier, 1846; polymorpha d’Orbigny, 1835;
purpuratus Reeve, 1849; quechuarum Crawford, 1939; subfasciatus Pfeier, 1853.
Naesiotus Albers, 1850 sensu Breure 1979
achatellinus Forbes, 1850; albemarlensis Dall, 1917; apertus Pfeier, 1855; catlowiae
Pfeier, 1853; chamayensis Weyrauch, 1967; chemnitzioides Forbes, 1850; cinereus
Reeve, 1849; crepundia d’Orbigny, 1835; curtus Reibisch, 1892; darwini Pfeier,
1846; dentritis Morelet, 1863; durangoanus Martens 1893; eschariferus Sowerby
I, 1838; exornatus Reeve, 1849; fernandezae Weyrauch, 1958; fontainii d’Orbigny,
1838; fourmiersi d’Orbigny, 1837; galapaganus Pfeier, 1855; irregularis Pfeier,
1848; jacobi Sowerby I, 1833; lycodus Dall, 1917; montivaga d’Orbigny, 1835; mun-
sterii d’Orbigny, 1837; nucula Pfeier, 1853; nux Broderip, 1832; orbignyi Pfeier,
1846; pallidus Reibisch, 1892; paziana d’Orbigny, 1835; perspectivus Pfeier, 1846;
phlegonis Dall and Ochsner, 1928; quitensis Pfeier, 1848; rimatus Pfeier, 1847; ri-
vasii d’Orbigny, 1837; rocayana d’Orbigny, 1835; rugiferus Sowerby I, 1833; rugulosus
Sowerby I, 1833; sculpturatus Pfeier, 1846; sugillatus Pfeier, 1857; terebra Reibisch,
1892; trichoda d’Orbigny, 1835; unifasciatus Sowerby I, 1833; ustulatus Sowerby I,
1833; ventrosus Reibisch, 1892; verrucosus Pfeier, 1855; wol Reibisch, 1892.
Neopetraeus Martens, 1885
altoperuvianus Reeve, 1849; atahualpa Dohrn, 1863; binneyanus Pfeier, 1857; cora
d’Orbigny, 1835; decussatus Reeve, 1849; excoriatus Pfeier, 1855; lobbii Reeve,
1849; myristicus Reeve, 1849; patasensis Pfeier, 1858; platystomus Pfeier, 1858;
ptychostylus Pfeier, 1858.
Newboldius Pilsbry, 1932
crichtoni Broderip, 1836; illustris Rolle, 1905.
Protoglyptus Pilsbry, 1897
martinicensis Pfeier, 1846; pilosus Guppy, 1871; sanctaeluciae E.A. Smith, 1889.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 67
Rabdotus Albers, 1850
juarezi Pfeier, 1866; liquabilis Reeve, 1848; ragsdalei Pilsbry, 1890; schiedeanus
Pfeier, 1841.
Scutalus Albers, 1850
baroni (Helix) Fulton, 1896; baroni (Bulimulus) Fulton, 1897; chiletensis Weyrauch,
1967; cretaceus Pfeier, 1855; grandiventris Weyrauch, 1960; latecolumellaris Pres-
ton, 1909; proteus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I, 1832; versicolor Broderip in
Broderip and Sowerby I, 1832.
Stenostylus Pilsbry, 1898
meleagris Pfeier, 1853; nigrolimbatus Pfeier, 1853.
Nomina inquirenda
clarus Pfeier, 1857; dukineldi Melvill, 1900; gelidus Reeve, 1849; nivalis d’Orbigny,
1835; pallens Reeve, 1849; sowerbyi Pfeier, 1847.
p. 17: Bulimus amandus Pfeier, 1855: registration number should read 1975457.
p. 49: Drymaeus conicus da Costa, 1907: registration number for paralectotype
should read 1907.11.21.32.
p. 69: Bulinus eschariferus Sowerby I, 1838: Type material should read NHMUK
1975173, ve possible syntypes (Cuming coll.).
p. 101: Bulimus jussieui Pfeier, 1846: Type material should read NHMUK
1975170, lectotype and one paralectotype (Cuming coll.).
p. 180: Bulimus sisalensis Morelet, 1849: Remarks should read Breure (1979: 123)
erroneously mentioned “LT BMNH 1893.2.4.1655”; as the lectotype was already
selected in Breure 1975b: 1152, this specimen is now one of the paralectotypes.
e current systematic position follows ompson (2011: 120).
p. 238: Bulimus gruneri Pfeier, 1846: gured specimen is not the lectotype but of
paralectotype NHMUK 20100563/1.
p. 259, Fig. 45D–F: the gured specimen is not the lectotype but one of the pralec-
totypes.
VIII. Taxa excluded from the Orthalicoidea.
is is additional to the taxa excluded in the previous papers (Breure and Ablett 2011,
2012, 2014).
Bulimus cucullus Morelet 1849: 9.—Now placed in the family Succineidae.
Bulimulus glandiniformis Sowerby III 1892: 297, pl. 23 gs 13–14.— Now placed in
the family Subulinidae.
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68
Plates
Figure 1. aumastus species. i–ii T. taunaisii (Férussac, 1822), lectotype of Bulimus achilles Pfeier, 1853
NHMUK 1975268 (H = 58.0) iii–iv T. largillierti (Philippi, 1842), holotype Bulimus consimilis Reeve, 1848
NHMUK 20030189 (H = 52.9) v–vi T. foveolatus (Reeve, 1849), lectotype NHMUK 1975275 (H = 71.5).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 69
Figure 2. i–iv Megaspira elata (Gould, 1847), paratype NHMUK 1987060 (H = 37.2). aumastus
species. v–vi T. ascendens (Pfeier, 1853), lectotype NHMUK 1975274 (H = 92.0).
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70
Figure 3. aumastus species. i–iii T. hartwegi (Pfeier in Philippi, 1846), syntype NHMUK 1975126
(H = 57.0) iv–v T. buckleyi (Higgins, 1872), syntype NHMUK 1872.5.22.6 (H = 92.0).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 71
Figure 4. aumastus species. i–iii T. insolitus (Preston, 1909), holotype NHMUK 1947.3.11.1 (H = 70.4)
iv–vi T. inca (d’Orbigny, 1835), lectotype NHMUK 1854.12.4.116 (H = 75.4).
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72
Figure 5. aumastus species. i–iii T. integer (Pfeier, 1855), lectotype NHMUK 1975244 (H = 81.5)
iv–vi T. loxostomus (Pfeier, 1853), syntype NHMUK 1975125 (H = 71.3).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 73
Figure 6. aumastus species. i–iii T. magnicus (Grateloup, 1839), lectotype NHMUK 1907.11.22.24
(H = 78.0) iv–vi T. plumbeus (Pfeier, 1855), lectotype NHMUK 1975130 (H = 93.0).
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74
Figure 7. Clathrorthalicus species. i–ii C. magnicus (Pfeier, 1848), syntype NHMUK 20100508 (H = 46.6)
iii–v C. phoebus (Pfeier, 1863), lectotype NHMUK 1975143 (H = 30.5) vi–vii C. victor (Pfeier, 1854),
lectotype NHMUK 1975242 (H = 64.0).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 75
Figure 8. Kara species. i–ii K. thompsonii (Pfeier, 1848), lectotype NHMUK 1975464 (H = 71.0) iii–iv Kara
indentatus (da Costa, 1901), lectotype NHMUK 1907.11.21.115 (H = 44.0) v–vi K. yanamensis (Morelet,
1863), paralectotype NHMUK 1893.2.4.167 (H = 48.6).
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76
Figure 9. i–ii Corona pfeieri gracilis E.A. Smith, 1902, holotype NHMUK 1902.5.27.4 (H = 67.3)
iii ?Naesiotus dejectus (Fulton, 1907), lectotype NHMUK 1907.5.3.163 (H = 29.2) iv–vi Liguus mur-
reus (Reeve, 1849), syntype NHMUK 1975482 (H = 38.6).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 77
Figure 10. Scholvienia species. i–iv S. alutaceus (Reeve, 1849), lectotype NHMUK 1975148 (H = 35.5)
v–vii S. brephoides (d’Orbigny, 1835), lectotype NHMUK 1854.12.4.117 (H = 51.9).
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Figure 11. i–iv Scholvienia porphyrius (Pfeiffer, 1847), lectotype NHMUK 1975277 (H = 51.5)
v–vii Orthalicus bensoni (Reeve, 1849), possible syntype NHMUK 1975582 (H = 66.6).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 79
Figure 12. Orthalicus species. i–ii O. bifulguratus (Reeve, 1849), lectotype NHMUK 20140082 (H = 56.9)
iii–v O. boucardi (Pfeier, 1860), syntype NHMUK 20140081 (H = 54.8).
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Figure 13. i–ii Quechua salteri (Sowerby III, 1890), lectotype NHMUK 1907.11.21.118 (H = 69.9)
iii–vi Orthalicus species. iii–iv O. phlogerus (d’Orbigny, 1835), syntype NHMUK 1854.12.4.86 (H =
59.8) v–vi O. mars (Pfeier, 1861), syntype NHMUK 20100504 (H = 76.6).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 81
Figure 14. Porphyrobaphe species. i–ii P. (P. ) approximata Fulton, 1896, syntype NHMUK 1895.12.19.44
(H = 65.7) iii–v P. (P. ) iris (Pfeier, 1853), lectotype NHMUK 20100506 (H = 72.6).
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Figure 15. Porphyrobaphe species. i–ii P. (P. ) irrorata (Reeve, 1849), syntype NHMUK 1975248 (H = 77.0)
iii–v P. (P. ) saturnus (Pfeier, 1860), syntype NHMUK 20140080 (H = 75.8).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 83
Figure 16. i–iv Porphyrobaphe (Oxyorthalicus) subirroratus (da Costa, 1898), lectotype NHMUK
1907.11.21.114 (H = 62.6).
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84
Figure 17. Sultana species. i–ii S. (Methorthalicus) powisiana (Petit de la Saussaye, 1843), holotype of
Orthalicus powissianus var. niveus Preston, 1909 NHMUK 1909.8.18.85 (H = 65.2) iii–iv S. (S.) meoba-
mbensis (Pfeier, 1855), syntype NHMUK 20100505 (H = 84.9).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 85
Figure 18. Sultana (Metorthalicus) deburghiae (Reeve, 1859). i–ii Lectotype NHMUK 19601622 (H = 64.7)
iii–iv Lectotype of Bulimus gloriosus Pfeier, 1862 NHMUK 1975243 (H = 75.2).
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Figure 19. Sultana species. i–ii S. (Metorthalicus) fraseri (Pfeier, 1858), lectotype NHMUK 20140083
(H = 88.9) iii–iv S. (M.) kellettii (Reeve, 1850), lectotype NHMUK 1975241 (H = 61.2).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 87
Figure 20. Sultana (Metorthalicus) yatesi (Pfeier, 1855) i–ii Holotype of Porphyrobaphe vicaria Fulton,
1896 NHMUK 20100507 (H = 82.2) iii–iv Lectotype NHMUK 1975239/1 (H 84.3).
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Figure 21. Leiostracus species. i–iii L. clouei (Pfeier, 1857), lectotype NHMUK 1975491 (H = 22.2)
iv–v L. obliquus (Reeve, 1849), syntype of Bulimus jereysi Pfeier, 1852 NHMUK 20110083 (H = 20.4)
vi–viii L. demerarensis (Pfeier, 1861), lectotype NHMUK 1975501 (H = 20.1).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 89
Figure 22. Leiostracus species. i–iii L. obliquus (Reeve, 1849), lectotype NHMUK 1975493 (H = 22.7)
iv–v L. perlucidus (Spix, 1827), probable syntype of Bulinus opalinus Sowerby I, 1833 NHMUK 1975442
(H 27.8) vi–viii L. sarcochilus (Pfeier, 1857), lectotype NHMUK 1975398 (H = 24.7).
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Figure 23. i–ii Leiostracus subtuszonatus (Pilsbry, 1899), probable paralectotype of Bulimus onager Reeve,
1848 NHMUK 20130094 (H = 29.0) iii–vi Rhinus species. iii–iv R. constrictus (Pfeier, 1841), lectotype
of Bulimus hyaloideus Pfeier, 1855 NHMUK 1975412 (H = 20.6) v–vi Rhinus ovulum (Reeve, 1849),
lectotype NHMUK 1975416 (H = 20.1).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 91
Figure 24. Simpulopsis species. i–ii S. (S.) corrugata Guppy, 1866, syntype NHMUK 1866.1.3.7 (H = 9.27)
iii–vi S. (S.) cumingi Pfeier, 1861, lectotype NHMUK 1975486 (H = 14.1).
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Figure 25. Simpulopsis species. i–iii S. (S.) gomesae da Silva & omé, 2006, paratype (H = 6.46)
iv–viiS. (S.) decussata Pfeier, 1857, lectotype NHMUK 1975488 (H = 14.3).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 93
Figure 26. Simpulopsis species. i–iii S. (S.) rufovirens (Moricand, 1846), lectotype of Vitrina salomonia
Pfeier, 1853 NHMUK 1975485 (H = 11.1) iv–vi S. (S.) simula (Morelet, 1851), syntype NHMUK
1893.2.4.1128 (H = 8.26).
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94
Figure 27. Simpulopsis species. i–iii S. (S.) aenea Pfeier, 1861, syntype NHMUK 1975229 (H = 8.98)
iv–vi S. (S.) miersi Pfeier, 1857, lectotype NHMUK 1975489 (H = 20.6).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 95
Figure 28. Simpulopsis species. i–iii S. (Eudioptus) citrinovitrea (Moricand, 1836), syntype of Bulimus
marmatensis Pfeier, 1855 NHMUK 1975330 (H = 15.0) iv–vi S. (E.) ephippium Ancey (1904), paralec-
totype NHMUK 1905.12.30.12 (H = 20.5).
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96
Figure 29. i–ii Simpulopsis (S.) vincentina E.A. Smith, 1895, holotype NHMUK 1895.6.17.458 (H = 11.4)
iii–iv aumastus requieni (Pfeier, 1853), lectotype NHMUK 1975301 (H = 62.0).
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 97
Figure 30. i–v Spixia striata (Spix, 1827), lectotype of Pupa spixii major d’Orbigny, 1837 NHMUK
1854.12.4.230 (H = 34.8) v apical whorls (scale line = 5 mm).
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Figure L1. i Bulimus achilles Pfeier, 1853 ii Simpulopsis aenea Pfeier, 1861 iii Bulimus alutaceus Reeve,
1849 iv Porphyrobaphe approximata Fulton, 1896.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 99
Figure L2. i Bulimus ascendens Pfeier, 1853 ii Bulimus bensoni Reeve, 1849 iii Bulimus bifulguratus
Reeve, 1849.
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Figure L3. i Orthalicus boucardi Pfeier, 1860 ii Helix brephoides d’Orbigny, 1835 iii Orthalicus
(Porphyrobaphe) buckleyi Higgins, 1872.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 101
Figure L4. i Bulimus clouei Pfeier, 1857 ii Bulimus consimilis Reeve, 1848.
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102
Figure L5. i Simpulopsis corrugatus Guppy, 1866 ii Simpulopsis cumingi Pfeier, 1861 iii Bulimus deburg-
hiae Reeve, 1859 iv Simpulopsis decussata Pfeier, 1857.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 103
Figure L6. i Bulimulus (Protoglyptus) dejectus Fulton, 1907 ii Bulimus demerarensis Pfeier, 1861 iii Pupa
(Megaspira) elata Gould, 1847 iv Bulimulus ephippium Ancey, 1904.
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104
Figure L7. i Bulimus foveolatus Reeve, 1849 ii Corona pfeieri gracilis E.A. Smith, 1902 iii Bulimus
fraseri Pfeier, 1858 iv Bulimus gloriosus Pfeier, 1862.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 105
Figure L8. i Bulimus hartwegi Pfeier in Philippi, 1846 ii Bulimus hyaloideus Pfeier, 1855 iii Helix
inca d’Orbigny, 1835.
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106
Figure L9. i Strophocheilus (Dryptus) indentatus da Costa, 1901 ii Bulimus (aumastus) insolitus Preston,
1909.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 107
Figure L10. i Bulimus integer Pfeier, 1855 ii Bulimus iris Pfeier, 1853 iii Bulimus irroratus Reeve, 1849.
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108
Figure L11. i Bulimus jereysi Pfeier, 1852 ii Bulimus kelletti Reeve, 1850 iii Bulimus loxostomus Pfeier,
1853 iv Achatina magnica Pfeier, 1848.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 109
Figure L12. i Bulimus magnicus Grateloup, 1839 ii Bulimus marmatensis Pfeier, 1855.
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110
Figure L13. i Orthalicus mars Pfeier, 1861 ii Bulimus meobambensis Pfeier, 1855 iii Simpulopsis miersi
Pfeier, 1857.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 111
Figure L14. i Helix miliola d’Orbigny, 1835 ii Achatina murrea Reeve, 1849 iii Orthalicus powissianus
var. niveus Preston, 1909 iv Bulimus obliquus Reeve, 1849.
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Figure L15. i Bulinus opalinus Sowerby I, 1833 ii Bulimus ovulum Reeve, 1849 iii Helix phlogera d’Or-
bigny, 1835 iv Bulimus phoebus Pfeier, 1863 v Helix progastor d’Orbigny, 1835.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 113
Figure L16. i Bulimus plumbeus Pfeier, 1855 ii Bulimus requieni Pfeier, 1853 iii Bulimus porphyrius
Pfeier, 1847 iv Vitrina salomonia Pfeier, 1853 v Bulimus sarcochilus Pfeier, 1857.
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114
Figure L17. i Bulimus salteri Sowerby III, 1890 ii Bulimus simulus Morelet, 1851 iii Bulimus thompsonii
Pfeier, 1845 iv Strophocheilus (Eurytus) subirroratus da Costa, 1898 v Bulimus saturnus Pfeier, 1860.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 115
Figure L18. i Porphyrobaphe vicaria Fulton, 1896 ii Bulimus yanamensis Morelet, 1863 iii Bulimus victor
Pfeier, 1854.
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Figure L19. i Simpulosis vincentina E.A. Smith, 1895 ii Bulimus yatesi Pfeier, 1855 iii Drymaeus (Leio-
stracus) onager var. subtuszonata Pilsbry, 1899.
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 117
Acknowledgements
is research received support from the SYNTHESYS Project (http://www.synthesys.
info) which is nanced by European Community Research Infrastructure Action under
the FP7 Integrating Activities Programme. For all their help during ASHB’s stay at the
National History Museum, he is very much indebted to J. Pickering, Andreia Salvador
and Kathie Way of the Mollusca Section. A special word of thanks is due to sta of the
NHMUK Photo Unit for handling the many requests for images (P. Crabb, P. Hurst, H.
Taylor). Fred Naggs helped us with suggestions for non-Orthalicoid taxa. Paul Callomon
and Gary Rosenberg (Philadelphia) commented on our previous paper, which has led
us to add a reconsideration of one taxon. David Campbell (Boiling Springs) raised our
awareness on a nomenclatural issue. Finally, the comments of Francisco Borrero and an
anonymous reviewer has allowed us to improve this paper which concludes this series.
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Appendix
List of taxa for which Orthalicoidea types are extant, or discussed, in the NHMUK
collection
Remarks. is list has been compiled from I: Amphibulimidae (Breure and Ablett
2011); II: Bothriembryontidae and Odontostomidae (Breure and Ablett 2012); III:
Bulimulidae (Breure and Ablett, 2014); IV: Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpu-
lopsidae (this paper). A black star (♦) indicates a nomen inquirendum, an asterisk (*)
denotes taxa now excluded from the Orthalicoidea, a curved stem sign (¶) is type
material not located but previously known to be present; with a dagger (†) taxa are
indicated for which type material was expected but not found, and a pilcrow sign (¶) is
used for taxa of which material is not (or no longer) considered to be type specimens.
Finally, a reference mark (※) indicate the taxa treated otherwise in the text, e.g. as
junior or senior synonym.
abruptus Rolle, 1904—III, 7
abscissus Pfeier, 1855—III, 8
abyssorum d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 9; ※III, 91
acalles Pfeier, 1853—III, 9
acervatus Pfeier, 1857—III, 10
achatellinus Forbes, 1850—III, 10
achilles Pfeier, 1853—IV, 5
acuminatus da Costa, 1906—III, 11
adamsonii J.E. Gray, 1834†—IV, 41
adoptus Reeve, 1849—I, 14
aenea Pfeier, 1861—IV, 5
aequatorianus E.A. Smith, 1877—III, 11; IV, 50
aequatorius Pfeier, 1853—III, 11
aestivus Pfeier, 1857—III, 12
anis Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832—III, 12
agueroi Weyrauch, 1960—III, 13
aileenae Breure, 1978—III, 13
alauda Hupé, 1857—※III, 193
alba Crosse, 1874—II, 5
alba Sowerby I in J.E. Gray and Sowerby I 1839†—IV, 41
alabastrinus da Costa, 1906—III, 14
albemarlensis Dall, 1917—III, 14
albicans Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832—III, 15
albicolor Morelet, 1863—III, 15
albolabiatus E.A. Smith, 1877—III, 16
albus Sowerby I, 1833—III, 16
alexander Crosse, 1855—※II, 27
altoperuvianus Reeve, 1849—III, 17
Abraham S.H. Breure & Jonathan D. Ablett / ZooKeys 470: 17–143 (2015)
126
alutaceus Reeve, 1849—IV, 6
amandus Pfeier, 1855—III, 17; IV, 51
ambagiosus Suter, 1906—※II, 32
ambustus Reeve, 1849—III, 18; ※III, 41
andicola Pfeier, 1847—III, 18
andoicus Morelet, 1863—III, 18
angasianus Pfeier, 1864—II, 5
angrandianus Pilsbry, 1897♦—※III, 164
angustus da Costa, 1906—III, 19
anthisanensis Pfeier, 1853—III, 19; ※III, 186; IV, 50
antioquensis Pfeier, 1855—III, 20
apertus Pfeier, 1855—III, 20
apicepunctata Preston, 1914—III, 21
apiculatus J.E. Gray, 1834—III, 21
apodemeta d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 22; ※III, 148
appendiculata Pfeier, 1847—I, 15
approximata Fulton, 1896—IV, 6
aquilus Reeve, 1848—III, 22; IV, 50
arcuatostriatus Pfeier, 1855—III, 23
ascendens Pfeier, 1853—IV, 7
asopeus Gassies, 1871—II, 6
atacamensis Pfeier, 1856—III, 23
atahualpa Dohrn, 1863—III, 24
attenuatus Pfeier, 1853—III, 24
atramentaria Pfeier, 1855†—IV, 41
aulacostylus Pfeier, 1853†—IV, 41
aureolus Guppy, 1866—III, 25
auriuus Pfeier, 1857—III, 25
auriformis da Costa, 1904—I, 16
auris Pfeier, 1866—III, 26
aurissciuri Guppy, 1866—I, 16
backhuysi Delsaerdt, 2010—II, 6
badius Sowerby, 1835—III, 26; IV, 50
bairdii Reeve, 1848—II, 6
balsanus Morelet, 1863—III, 27
baranguillanus Pfeier, 1853—※III, 20; III, 27
barbadensis Pfeier, 1853—III, 28
baroni (Helix) Fulton, 1896—III, 28
baroni (Bulimulus) Fulton, 1897—III, 29
bartletti H. Adams, 1867—III, 29
bellus da Costa, 1906—III, 30
bensoni Reeve, 1849—IV, 7
bicolor Sowerby I, 1835—※III, 27; III, 30; ※III, 155; IV, 50
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 127
bifulguratus Reeve, 1849—IV, 8
bilabiatus Broderip and Sowerby I, 1829†—IV, 41
bilineatus Sowerby I, 1833†—IV, 41
binneyanus Pfeier, 1857—III, 31
binominis E.A. Smith, 1895—※III, 106
bivittatus Sowerby I, 1833†—※III, 77; IV, 41
blainvilleanus Pfeier, 1848†—IV, 41
blandi Pilsbry, 1897—※III, 30
bogotensis Pfeier, 1855—III, 31
bolivarii d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 32
bolivianus Pfeier, 1846—III, 32
bolivianus Reeve, 1848†—IV, 41
bonariensis Ranesque, 1833—※III, 124
boucardi da Costa, 1907—III, 33
boucardi Pfeier, 1860—IV, 8
bourcieri Pfeier, 1853—III, 33
bowkeri Sowerby III, 1890—II, 7
brachysoma d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 34
brazieri Angas, 1871—II, 7
brephoides d’Orbigny, 1835—IV, 9
broadwayi E.A. Smith, 1896—III, 34
broderipii Sowerby I, 1832—II, 8; ※II, 16; ※II, 17; ※II, 35; ※II, 43
bruggeni Breure, 1978—I, 17
brunneum Verdcourt, 1991—II, 8
buckleyi Higgins, 1872—IV, 9
buckleyi Sowerby III, 1895—III, 35
bugabensis Martens, 1893—III, 35
bulbulus Gassies, 1871—II, 9
cacticolus Reeve, 1849—III, 36
cactivorus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832†—※III, 133; IV, 41
cactorum d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 36
caledonicus Petit de la Saussaye, 1845—※II, 16
californicus Reeve, 1848—III, 37
caliginosus Reeve, 1849—III, 37; IV, 50
calus E.A. Smith, 1891—II, 9
canaliculatus Pfeier, 1845—III, 37
cancellata da Costa, 1906—III, 38
cantatus Reeve, 1848†—IV, 41
cardinalis Pfeier, 1853†—IV, 41
carinatum Pfeier, 1853—II, 10
castaneostrigatus da Costa, 1906—III, 38
castaneus Pfeier, 1845—I, 17
castelnaui Pfeier, 1857†—IV, 41
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castrensis Pfeier, 1847†—IV, 41
castus Pfeier, 1847—III, 39
catharinae Pfeier, 1857—II, 10
cathcartiae Reeve, 1848—I, 17
catlowiae Pfeier, 1853—III, 39
caucaensis da Costa, 1898—III, 40
ceratacme Pfeier, 1855—III, 40
cercicola Morelet, 1863—III, 40
chacoensis Preston, 1907†—IV, 41
chamaeleon Pfeier, 1855—III, 41
chamayensis Weyrauch, 1967—III, 41
championi Martens, 1893—III, 42
charpentieri Pfeier, 1850—II, 10
chemnitzioides Forbes, 1850—III, 42
chiletensis Weyrauch, 1967—III, 43
chimborasensis Reeve, 1848—III, 43
chiriquensis da Costa, 1901—III, 43
chrysostoma Moricand, 1836—※III, 190
cinereus Reeve, 1849—III, 44
citrinovitrea Moricand, 1836—※IV, 24
citronellus Angas, 1879—III, 44
clarus Pfeier, 1857—III, 45
clathratus Pfeier, 1858—III, 45
clouei Pfeier, 1857—IV, 10
coagulatus Reeve, 1849—III, 46; IV, 50
coarctatus Pfeier, 1845—III, 46
coerulescens Pfeier, 1858†—IV, 41
coloratus Nyst, 1845※—I, 23
columbianus Lea, 1838—※III, 84; ※III, 86
columbiensis Pfeier, 1855—III, 47
columellaris Reeve, 1849†—IV, 41
compactus Fulton, 1902—III, 47
connus Reeve, 1850†—IV, 41
conuens Pfeier, 1855—III, 48
confusus Reeve, 1848—III, 48
conicus da Costa, 1907—III, 49; IV, 51
coniformis Pfeier, 1847†—IV, 41
consimilis Reeve, 1848—IV, 10
conspersus Sowerby I, 1833—III, 49
constrictus Pfeier, 1841—※IV, 18
constrictus Reeve, 1848†—IV, #42
contortuplicatus Reeve, 1850†—IV, 42
convexus Pfeier, 1855—III, 50; ※III, 153
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 129
coquimbensis Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832†—IV, 42
cora d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 50
corderoi Klappenbach, 1958—II, 11
coriaceus Pfeier, 1857—III, 51
corneus Sowerby I, 1833†—※III, 135; IV, 42
corpulentus Gassies, 1871—II, 11
corrugatus Guppy, 1866—IV, 10
corrugatus King in King and Broderip 1831†—IV, 42
corticosus Sowerby III, 1895—I, 18
costatus Pfeier, 1848—II, 12
costatus Weyrauch, 1960—III, 51
costifer Weyrauch, 1960—III, 51
cotopaxiensis Pfeier, 1853—III, 52; IV, 50
coturnix Sowerby I, 1832—II, 12
crassilabrum Garrett, 1872—II, 12
crepundia d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 52
cretaceus Pfeier, 1855—※III, 29; III, 53
crichtoni Broderip, 1836—III, 54; ※III, 93
cucullus Morelet, 1849*—IV, 51
culminea d’Orbigny, 1835—※III, 49; III, 54; ※III, 101; ※III, 111
cumingi Pfeier, 1861—IV, 11
cumingii ‘Newcomb’ Pfeier, 1849—II, 13
cuninculinsulae Cox, 1872—II, 13
curianianus Reeve, 1849†—IV, 42
curtus Reibisch, 1892—III, 55
cuticula Pfeier, 1855—III, 55
cuzcoensis Reeve, 1849—III, 56
cylindricus Fulton, 1907—II, 14
dacostae Sowerby III, 1892—III, 56
darwini Pfeier, 1846—III, 56
dealbatus Say, 1821—※III, 110; ※III, 165
deburghiae Reeve, 1859—IV, 12; ※IV, 16
decoloratus Sowerby I, 1833†—IV, 42
decussata Pfeier, 1856—IV, 12
decussatus Reeve, 1849—III, 57; ※III, 130
dejectus Fulton, 1907♦—IV, 38
delumbis Reeve, 1849—III, 57
demerarensis Pfeier, 1861—IV, 13
demotus Reeve, 1850—III, 58
denickei J.E. Gray, 1852—III, 58
dennisoni Reeve, 1848¶—IV, 39
dentata Wood, 1828—II, 14
dentritis Morelet, 1863—III, 59
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depictus Reeve, 1849—III, 59
depstus Reeve, 1849—III, 60
derelictus Broderip, 1832—III, 60
deshayesi Pfeier, 1845—III, 61
devians Dohrn, 1863—III, 61
diaphanus Pfeier, 1855¶—IV, 45
dillwynianus Pfeier, 1853—I, 18
discrepans Sowerby I, 1833—III, 62
dissimulans Preston, 1909—I, 19
doliarius da Costa, 1898—I, 19
dombeyanus ‘Férussac’ Pfeier, 1846—III, 62
draparnaudi Pfeier, 1847†—IV, 42
droueti Pfeier, 1857†—IV, 42
dubius Pfeier, 1853—III, 62
dukineldi Melvill, 1900♦—III, 63
dunkeri Pfeier, 1846—III, 64
durangoanus Martens, 1893—III, 64
dutaillyi Pfeier, 1857—III, 65
dux Pfeier, 1861—II, 15
dysoni Pfeier, 1846—III, 65
eddystonensis Pfeier, 1855—II, 15
edwardsi Morelet, 1863—III, 65
edwardsianus Gassies, 1863—II, 16
eeminatus Reeve, 1848—III, 66
eganus Pfeier, 1853†—IV, 42
elaeodes Pfeier, 1853—I, 46
elata Gould, 1847—IV, 13
electrum Reeve, 1848—III, 66
elegans Pfeier, 1842—II, 16
elongata d’Orbigny, 1837—II, 17
elongatus Röding, 1789—※III, 22
elsteri da Costa, 1901—III, 67
emaciatus Morelet, 1863—III, 67
emeus Say, 1830—※III, 92
ephippium Ancey, 1904—IV, 14
episcopalis Pfeier, 1855—I, 20
erectus Reeve, 1849—III, 68
eros Angas, 1878—I, 20
erosus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832—III, 68
erubescens Pfeier, 1847—III, 69
erythrostoma Sowerby I, 1833†—IV, 42
eschariferus Sowerby I, 1838—III, 69; IV, 51
euryomphalus Jonas, 1844※—I, 27
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 131
excoriatus Pfeier, 1855—III, 70
exornatus Reeve, 1849—III, 70
exoticus da Costa, 1901—III, 70
expansus Pfeier, 1848—※III, 177
expatriatus Preston, 1909—III, 71
fabrefactus Reeve, 1848—III, 71
falcicula Gassies, 1871—II, 17
fallax Pfeier, 1853—III, 72
farrisi Pfeier, 1858—III, 72
felix Pfeier, 1862—III, 73; IV, 51
fenestratus Pfeier, 1846—III, 73
fenestrellus Martens, 1864—※III, 82
feriatus Reeve, 1848—III, 74
fernandezae Weyrauch, 1958—III, 74
ferrugineus Reeve, 1849—III, 75
bratus Martyn, 1784—※II, 6; ※II, 7; ※II, 8; ※II, 17; ※II, 30; ※II,41
dustus Reeve, 1849—III, 75
laris Pfeier, 1853—III, 76; IV, 50
avescens King in King and Broderip 1831†—IV, 42
avidulus E.A. Smith, 1877—III, 76
exilabris Pfeier, 1853—III, 76
exuosus Pfeier, 1853—III, 77
oridanus Pfeier, 1857—III, 77
fontainii d’Orbigny, 1838—III, 78
fourmiersi d’Orbigny, 1837—III, 78
foveolatus Pfeier, 1848—IV, 14
foxi Clench, 1950—II, 18
fraseri Pfeier, 1858—IV, 15
fucatus Reeve, 1849—III, 79
fuligineus Pfeier, 1853—II, 18
funckii Nyst, 1843—※I, 14
fuscagula d’Orbigny, 1837—II, 19
fuscobasis E.A. Smith, 1877—III, 79
fuscus Guilding, 1828—※III, 28
fusiformis Menke, 1828—※II, 10
fusoides d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 80
gabbi Angas, 1879—III, 80
galapaganus Pfeier, 1855—III, 81
gargantua Férussac, 1821—※II, 30
gatopensis Crosse, 1870—II, 19
gayi Pfeier, 1857—III, 81; ※III, 193
gealei H. Adams, 1867—III, 82
gelidus Reeve, 1849♦—III, 82
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geometricus Pfeier, 1846—III, 83
glandiniformis Sowerby III, 1892*—IV, 51
glomeratus Weyrauch, 1960—III, 83
gloriosus Pfeier, 1862—IV, 15
gomesae da Silva & omé, 2006—IV, 16
goroensis Souverbie, 1870—※II, 20
gracilis E.A. Smith, 1902—IV, 16
grammica Crosse, 1870—II, 20
granadensis Pfeier, 1848—※III, 58; ※III, 93; ※III, 112
grandiventris Weyrauch, 1960—III, 84
granulosus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832†—IV, 42
gravesii King in King and Broderip 1831†—IV, 42
grayanus Pfeier, 1845—II, 20
grenadensis Guppy, 1868†—IV, 42
gruneri Pfeier, 1846—III, 84
guadalupensis Bruguière, 1789—※III, 171
guarani d’Orbigny, 1835—II, 20
gueinzii Pfeier, 1857—III, 85
guentheri Sowerby III, 1892†—IV, 42
guerini Pfeier, 1846—I, 21
guestieri Gassies, 1869—※II, 19; ※II, 22; ※II, 32
guppyi E.A. Smith, 1891—II, 21
guttatus Broderip, 1832—III, 85
guttula Pfeier, 1854†—IV, 42
haasi Weyrauch, 1960—※III, 121
habeli Dall, 1892—※III, 191
hachensis Reeve, 1850—III, 86
hamiltoni Reeve, 1849—III, 86
haplochrous Pfeier, 1855—III, 87
hargravesi Cox, 1871—II, 21
hartwegi Pfeier, 1846—IV, 17
hegewischi Pfeier, 1842†—IV, 42
heloica d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 87
hennahi J.E. Gray, 1828†—※III, 36; IV, 42
hepatostomus Pfeier, 1861—III, 88
hidalgoi da Costa, 1898—III, 88
homanni Martens, 1893—※III, 38
holostoma Pfeier, 1846—III, 89
hondurasanus Pfeier, 1846—III, 89
huascensis Reeve, 1848—III, 90
humboldtii Reeve, 1849—III, 90
hyaloideus Pfeier, 1855—IV, 17
hyematus Reeve, 1848†—IV, 42
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 133
hygrohylaea d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 91
hypozonus Martens, 1893—III, 91
ictericus Martens, 1893†—IV, 42
ignavus Reeve, 1849—III, 92
illustris Rolle, 1904—III, 92
imeldae Weyrauch, 1958—※III, 54
immaculatus C.B. Adams in Reeve 1850—III, 93
imperfectus Guppy, 1866—※III, 197
inca d’Orbigny, 1835—IV, 18
inaequalis Pfeier, 1857†—IV, 42
incarnatus Pfeier, 1855—III, 93
inclinatus Pfeier, 1862—III, 94
incognita da Costa, 1907—III, 94
incrassatus Pfeier, 1853—III, 94
indentatus da Costa, 1901—IV, 18
inermis Morelet, 1851*—III, 214
inatus Broderip, 1836†—IV, 42
infundibulum Gassies, 1871—II, 22
infundibulum Pfeier, 1853—III, 95
inglorius Reeve, 1848—III, 95
insolitus Preston, 1909—IV, 19
integer Pfeier, 1855—IV, 19
interruptus Preston, 1909—III, 96; ※IV, 42
inusitatus Fulton, 1900—III, 96
inutilis Reeve, 1850—III, 97
iodostylus Pfeier, 1861—III, 97
iostoma Sowerby I, 1824†—IV, 43
iris Pfeier, 1853—IV, 20
irregularis Pfeier, 1848—III, 98
irroratus Reeve, 1849—IV, 20
ischnus Pilsbry, 1902—※III, 192
istapensis Crosse & Fischer, 1873—III, 98
jacobi Sowerby I, 1833—III, 99; ※III, 142
janeirensis Sowerby I, 1833†—IV, 43
jansoni Martens, 1893—III, 99
jereysi Pfeier, 1852—IV, 21
jonasi Pfeier, 1846—III, 100
josephus Angas, 1878—III, 100
juarezi Pfeier, 1866—III, 101
jubeus Fulton, 1908—I, 21
jucundus Pfeier, 1855†—IV, 43
jussieui Pfeier, 1846—III, 101; IV, 51
juvenilis Pfeier, 1855—III, 102
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kathiae Breure, 1978—III, 102
kelletti Reeve, 1850—IV, 21
keppelli Pfeier, 1853—III, 102
kingii J.E. Gray, 1825—II, 22
knorri Pfeier in Philippi 1846—III, 103
koppeli Sowerby III, 1892—III, 103
koroensis Garrett, 1872—II, 23
kreftii Cox, 1872—II, 23
labeo Broderip, 1828†—IV, 43
labeo Reeve, 1848—※IV, 35
lacerta Pfeier, 1855—I, 22
lactiuus Pfeier, 1857—III, 104
laetus Reeve, 1849—III, 104
lamarckianus Pfeier, 1848—I, 23
lamas Higgins, 1868—III, 105
largillierti Philippi, 1842—※IV, 10
lascellianus E.A. Smith, 1895—III, 105
latecolumellaris Preston, 1909—III, 106
latilabris Pfeier, 1855—I, 23
lattrei Pfeier in Philippi 1846—III, 106
laurentii Sowerby I, 1833†—IV, 43
laxostylus Rolle, 1904—III, 107
leeuwinensis E.A. Smith, 1894—II, 24
lesueureanus Morelet, 1860—III, 107
lichnorum d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 108
lilacinus Reeve, 1849—III, 108; ※III, 144
limensis Reeve, 1849—III, 109
limonoica d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 109
lindeni Reeve, 1848†—IV, 43
linostoma d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 110
linterae Sowerby III, 1890—I, 24
liquabilis Reeve, 1848—III, 110
lirinus Morelet, 1851—III, 111
listeri Wood, 1828†—IV, 43
lithoica d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 111
lividus Reeve, 1850—III, 112
lobbii Reeve, 1849—III, 112; ※III, 159
longinquus Morelet, 1863—III, 112
longulus ‘Behn’ Pfeier, 1859—II, 24
lophoica d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 113
loveni Pfeier, 1848—I, 24
loxanus Higgins, 1872—¶III, 113
loxensis Pfeier, 1846—III, 114
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 135
loxostomus Pfeier, 1853—IV, 22
lucidus da Costa, 1898—III, 114
lucidus Reeve, 1848—III, 115
luridus Pfeier, 1863—III, 115
lusorius Pfeier, 1855—III, 116
lycodus Dall, 1917—III, 116
macandrewi Sowerby III, 1889†—IV, 43
macgillivrayi Pfeier, 1855—II, 25
magnica Pfeier, 1848—IV, 22
magnicus Grateloup, 1839—IV, 23
mahogany Pfeier, 1841—※IV, 14
major d’Orbigny, 1837—II, 25; IV, 45
malleatus da Costa, 1898—III, 117
manupictus Reeve, 1848—III, 117
marcidus Pfeier, 1853—III, 117
marmarina d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 118
marmatensis Pfeier, 1855—IV, 24
marmoratus Dunker in Philippi 1844—I, 25
martinicensis Pfeier, 1846—III, 118
mars Pfeier, 1861—IV, 24
mejillonensis Pfeier, 1857—III, 119
meleagris Pfeier, 1853—III, 119
melo Quoy and Gaimard, 1832—※II, 31
meobambensis Pfeier, 1855—IV, 25
meridanus Pfeier, 1846—III, 120
metagyra Pilsbry & Olsson, 1949—III, 120
mexicanus Lamarck, 1822—※III, 90
miersi Pfeier, 1856—IV, 25
miliola d’Orbigny, 1835¶—IV, 39
miltocheilus Reeve, 1848—II, 26
minor d’Orbigny, 1837—II, 26
minor Weyrauch, 1960—III, 121
modestus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832—※III, 109; III, 121; ※III, 150
mollicellus Reeve, 1849—III, 121
monachus Pfeier, 1857—III, 122
moniezi Dautzenberg, 1896—III, 122
monilifer Reeve, 1848—III, 123
montagnei d’Orbigny, 1837—III, 123
montevidensis Pfeier, 1846—III, 124
montivaga d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 124
mordani Breure, 1978—III, 125
moricandi Pfeier, 1847—III, 125
moritinctus Martens, 1893—III, 126
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mossi E.A. Smith, 1896—III, 126
moussoni Pfeier, 1853—III, 127
muliebris Reeve, 1849—III, 127
multilineatus Say, 1825—※III, 180
multispira da Costa, 1904—III, 128
munsterii d’Orbigny, 1837—III, 128
murrea Reeve, 1849—IV, 26
murrinus Reeve, 1848—III, 129; ※III, 151
musivus Pfeier, 1855—III, 129
mutabilis Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832†—IV, 43
myristicus Reeve, 1849—III, 130
nanus Reeve, 1849—III, 130
napo Angas, 1878—III, 130
navarrensis Angas, 1878†—IV, 43
nebulosus Martens, 1893†—IV, 43
necouensis Gassies, 1871—II, 27
neglectus Pfeier, 1847—II, 27; ※II, 28
nigrofasciatus Pfeier in Philippi 1846—III, 131
nigrolimbatus Pfeier, 1853—III, 132
nigropileatus Reeve, 1849—※III, 27; III, 132; ※III, 166
nigroumbilicatus Preston, 1907†—IV, 43
nitelinus Reeve, 1849—III, 132
nitidus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832—III, 133
nivalis d’Orbigny, 1835♦—III, 134
niveus Preston, 1909—IV, 26
notabilis da Costa, 1906—III, 134
notatus da Costa, 1906—III, 134
nubeculatus Pfeier, 1853—III, 135
nubilus Preston, 1903—III, 135
nucinus Reeve, 1850—III, 136; IV, 50
nucula Pfeier, 1853—III, 136
nuptialis Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894—II, 28
nux Broderip, 1832—※III, 95; III, 137; ※III, 204
nystianus Pfeier, 1853—III, 137
obliquistriatus da Costa, 1901—III, 138
obliquus Reeve, 1849—※IV, 21; IV, 26
oblitus Reeve, 1848—II, 28
occultus Reeve, 1849—II, 28; ※II, 31
ochraceus Morelet, 1863—III, 138; IV, 50
ochrocheilus E.A. Smith, 1877—III, 139
ochrostoma Garrett, 1872—II, 29
odontostoma Sowerby I, 1824—II, 29
onager Reeve, 1848—※IV, 34
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 137
onca d’Orbigny, 1835—I, 25
opalinus Sowerby I, 1833—IV, 27
orbignyi Pfeier, 1846—※III, 21; III, 139
oreades d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 140
orobaena d’Orbigny, 1835¶—IV, 43
orophilus Morelet, 1860—※III, 15; ※III, 41; ※III, 108; III, 140
orthostoma E.A. Smith, 1877—III, 141
otostomus Pfeier, 1855—I, 27
ouensis Gassies, 1870—II, 30, IV, 45
ouveanus Dotzauer in Mousson 1869—※II, 5; ※II, 39
ovulum Reeve, 1849—IV, 27
pallens Reeve, 1849♦—III, 141
pallidior Sowerby I, 1833†—IV, 43
pallidus Preston, 1909—IV, 46
pallidus Reibisch, 1892—III, 142
panamensis Broderip, 1832—III, 142
papillatus Morelet, 1860—III, 143
paposensis Pfeier, 1856—III, 143
parallelus Pfeier, 1857—II, 30
pardalina Guppy, 1868—I, 27
pardalis Reeve, 1848†—IV, 43
patagonica d’Orbigny, 1835—II, 31
patasensis Pfeier, 1858—III, 144
patricius Reeve, 1849—III, 144
paucicostatus Breure, 1978—III, 144
paziana d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 145
peaki Breure, 1978—III, 145; IV, 50
peelii Reeve, 1859†—IV, 43
pentadinus d’Orbigny, 1835—※I, 26
pentlandi Reeve 1849†—IV, 43
perdix Pfeier, 1848—I, 27
perenensis da Costa, 1901—III, 146
pergracilis Rolle, 1904—III, 146
perlucidus Spix, 1827—※IV, 27
perspectivus Pfeier, 1846—III, 147
pertristis Pfeier, 1855—※III, 197
pervariabilis Pfeier, 1853—III, 147
pervius Pfeier, 1853—III, 148
pessulatus Reeve, 1848—III, 148
petenensis Morelet, 1851—III, 149
petiti Pfeier, 1846—III, 149
philippii Pfeier, 1842—III, 150
phlegonis Dall & Ochsner, 1928—III, 150
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phlogera d’Orbigny, 1835—IV, 28
phoebus Pfeier, 1863—IV, 28
phryne Pfeier, 1863—III, 151
physoides Reeve, 1849—II, 31
pictus Pfeier, 1855—III, 151
pilosus Guppy, 1871—III, 151
pinicola Gassies, 1870—II, 32
piperitus Sowerby I, 1837—I, 28
pittieri Martens, 1893†—IV, 43
platystomus Pfeier, 1858—III, 152
plectostylus Pfeier, 1848—I, 30
plicatoliratus da Costa, 1898—III, 152
pliculatus Pfeier, 1857—III, 153
plumbeus Pfeier, 1855—IV, 29
poecila d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 153
polymorpha d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 154; IV, 50
ponsonbyi da Costa, 1907—III, 155
porphyrius Pfeier, 1847—IV, 30
porphyrostomus Pfeier, 1851—※II, 39
powisiana Petit de la Saussaye, 1843—※IV, 43
praetextus Reeve, 1849—III, 155
prestoni da Costa, 1906—III, 156
primula Reeve, 1848—III, 156
primularis Reeve, 1849†—IV, 43
princeps Breoderip in Sowerby I 1833†—IV, 43
principalis Sowerby II, 1849†—IV, 43
priscus Powell, 1938—II, 32
progastor d’Orbigny, 1835¶—IV, 40
proteus Broderip, 1832—III, 157
protractus Pfeier, 1855—III, 157
pruinosus Sowerby I, 1833—III, 158
pseudofusoides da Costa, 1906—III, 158
ptychostylus Pfeier, 1858—III, 159
puellaris Reeve, 1850—III, 159
pulchellus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832†—IV, 43
pulchellus Sowerby I, 1833†—IV, 43
pulcherrimus H. Adams, 1867—III, 160
pulicarius Reeve, 1848—I, 31
pumilio Rehder, 1945—※III, 130
punctatus da Costa, 1907—III, 160
punctulifer Sowerby I, 1833—II, 33
pupiformis Broderip, 1832—III, 161
purpuratus Reeve, 1849—III, 161; IV, 50
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 139
pustulosus Broderip, 1832—III, 162
pygmeus Weyrauch, 1960—※III, 51
pyrostomus Pfeier, 1860—II, 33
quadingensis Connolly, 1929—II, 34
quadrifasciatus Angas, 1878—※III, 131; III, 162
quadricolor Pfeier, 1848—I, 31
quechuarum Crawford, 1939—III, 163; IV, 50
quitensis Pfeier, 1848—※III, 39; ※III, 98; III, 163
radiatus Morelet, 1863—III, 164
ragsdalei Pilsbry, 1890—III, 164
ramagei E.A. Smith, 1890—II, 34
rawsonis H. Adams, 1873—III, 165
recedens Pfeier, 1864—III, 165
recluzianus Pfeier, 1847—※III, 135
reconditus Reeve, 1849—III, 166
rectilinearis Pfeier, 1855—III, 166
reexa Pfeier, 1842—II, 34
regularis Fulton, 1905—III, 167
rehderi Weyrauch, 1960—III, 167
requieni Pfeier, 1853—IV, 30
revinctus Hupé, 1857—※III, 193
rhodacme Pfeier, 1842†—IV, 43
rhodinostoma d’Orbigny, 1835—II, 35
rhodocheilus Reeve, 1848—I, 34
rhodolarynx Reeve, 1849—III, 167
rhodostomus J.E. Gray, 1834—II, 35
ridleyi E.A. Smith, 1890—II, 36
rimatus Pfeier, 1847—III, 168
rivasii d’Orbigny, 1837—III, 168; ※III, 188
rocayana d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 169
rodriguezae Weyrauch, 1967—III, 169
roseatus Reeve, 1848—III, 170
rosenbergi da Costa, 1906—III, 170
roseolabrum E.A. Smith, 1877—I, 36
rubellus Broderip, 1832†—IV, 44
rubescens Reeve, 1848†—IV, 44
rubrifasciatus Reeve, 1848—III, 171
rubrovariegatus Higgins, 1868—III, 171
rufescens J.E. Gray, 1825—※III, 69
rufovirens Moricand, 1846—※IV, 31
rugiferus Sowerby I, 1833—III, 171
rugulosus Sowerby I, 1833—III, 172
rupicolus Reeve, 1848†—IV, 44
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rusticellus Morelet, 1860—III, 172
saccatus Pfeier, 1855—III, 173
salomonia Pfeier, 1853—IV, 31
salomonis Pfeier, 1853—※II, 33; II, 36; IV, 45
salteri Sowerby III, 1890—IV, 31
sanchristovalensis Cox, 1870—II, 37
sanctaeluciae E.A. Smith, 1889—III, 173
sarcochilus Pfeier, 1857—IV, 32
sarcodes Pfeier, 1846†—IV, 44
saturnus Pfeier, 1860—IV, 33
savesi Crosse, 1886—II, 37
sayi Pfeier, 1847†—IV, 44
scabiosus Sowerby I, 1833—III, 174
scalaricosta Morelet, 1860—III, 174
scalariformis Broderip, 1832—III, 175
schiedeanus Pfeier, 1841—III, 175
schmidti Pfeier, 1854—III, 176
scytodes Pfeier, 1853†—IV, 44
scitulus Reeve, 1849—III, 176
scitus H. Adams, 1867—III, 176
sculpturatus Pfeier, 1846—III, 177
scytodes Pfeier, 1853—I, 37
sellersi Cox, 1872—II, 38
selli Preston, 1909—III, 177
senilis Gassies, 1869—IV, 44
serotinus Morelet, 1860—III, 178
serparastrus Say, 1830—※III, 133
serratus Pfeier, 1855—III, 178
signifer Pfeier, 1855—III, 179
simpliculus Pfeier, 1855—III, 179
simulus Morelet, 1851—IV, 33
singularis Morelet, 1857—II, 38
sinistrorsa Crosse, 1884—II, 39
sisalensis Morelet, 1849—III, 180; IV, 51
smithii da Costa, 1898—III, 180
solidus Preston, 1907—III, 181
souvillei Morelet, 1857—II, 39
sowerbyi Pfeier, 1847♦—III, 181
spadiceus da Costa, 1906—III, 182
speciosus Pfeier, 1854—I, 38
spectatus Reeve, 1849—III, 182
spenceri Tate, 1894—II, 40
spiculatus Morelet, 1860—III, 183
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 141
sporadica d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 183
sporadicus Reeve, 1848†—IV, 44
stenacme Pfeier, 1857—III, 184
stramineus Guilding, 1824—※III, 115
strangei Pfeier, 1855—II, 40
striata Spix, 1827—※II, 26
striatulus Sowerby I, 1833†—IV, 44
striatus ‘King’ Sowerby I, 1833†—IV, 44
strigatus Sowerby I, 1833—※III, 129; ※III, 173; III, 185
studeri Pfeier, 1847—※III, 156; III, 185
subfasciatus Pfeier, 1853—III, 186; IV, 50
subhybridus da Costa, 1906—III, 186
subinterruptus Pfeier, 1853—III, 187
subirroratus da Costa, 1898—IV, 34
subpellucidus E.A. Smith, 1877—III, 187
subroseus Fulton, 1915—II, 41
subtuszonatus Pilsbry, 1899—IV, 34
subventricosus da Costa, 1901—III, 188
succineoides Petit de la Saussaye, 1840—※I, 24
suatus Gould, 1859—※III, 101
sugillatus Pfeier, 1857—III, 188
sulcosus Pfeier, 1841—III, 188
sulphureus Pfeier, 1857—※III, 45; III, 189
superfasciatus Gassies, 1871—II, 41
superstriatus Sowerby III, 1890—I, 40
swainsoni Pfeier, 1845—III, 189
sykesi da Costa, 1906—III, 190
taquinensis Pfeier, 1855—I, 41
tasmanicus Pfeier, 1853—II, 41
taunaisii Férussac, 1822—※IV, 5
taylori Pfeier, 1861†—IV, 44
taylorianus Reeve, 1849—I, 42
tenuilabris Pfeier, 1866—III, 190
terebra Reibisch, 1892—III, 191
terebralis Pfeier, 1842—III, 191
thamnoica d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 192
thompsonii Pfeier, 1845—IV, 35
tigrinus da Costa, 1898—III, 193
tigris Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832†—IV, 44
toleratus Fulton, 1903—II, 42
torallyi d’Orbigny, 1835—※III, 128; III, 194
translucens Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832—III, 194
transparens Reeve, 1849—III, 195
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trichoda d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 195
tricinctus Reeve, 1848—III, 196
trigonostomus Jonas, 1844—※III, 103
trimarianus Martens, 1893—III, 196
trinitarius E.A. Smith, 1896—III, 197
tristis Pfeier, 1855—III, 197
tropicalis Morelet, 1849—III, 198
trujillensis Philippi, 1867—※III, 105
tumidulus Pfeier, 1842—III, 198
tupacii d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 199
turbinatus Pfeier, 1845—II, 42
turneri Pfeier, 1860—II, 43
turritella d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 199
turritellatus Beck, 1838—※III, 200
turritus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832—III, 200
umbilicaris Souleyet, 1842—III, 200
umbraticus Reeve, 1850—※III, 77
umbricatus Reeve, 1849—III, 201
undulosus Martens, 1893†—IV, 44
unicolor Sowerby I, 1833—※III, 92; ※III, 98; ※III, 149
unifasciatus Sowerby I, 1833—III, 202
ustulatus Sowerby I, 1833—※III, 150; III, 202
varians Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832†—IV, 44
varicosus Pfeier, 1853—III, 203
variegata Pfeier, 1842—II, 43
venezuelensis Pfeier, 1856†—IV, 44
venosus Reeve, 1848†—IV, 44
ventricosus Preston, 1907†—IV, 44
ventrosus Reibisch, 1892—III, 203
veranyi Pfeier, 1848—※I, 38; I, 44
verrucosus Pfeier, 1855—III, 203
versicolor Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832—※III, 46; III, 204
veruculum Morelet, 1860—III, 204
vesicalis Pfeier, 1853—III, 205
vespertinus Pfeier, 1858—III, 205
vexillum Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832†—IV, 44
vexillum Wood, 1828†—※III, 103; IV, 44
vicaria Fulton, 1896—IV, 35
vicinus Preston, 1907†—IV, 44
victor Pfeier, 1854—IV, 36
vilchezi Weyrauch, 1960—III, 206
vincentina E.A. Smith, 1895—IV, 37
vincentinus Pfeier, 1846—III, 206
Annotated type catalogue of the Megaspiridae, Orthalicidae, and Simpulopsidae... 143
virginalis Pfeier, 1856—III, 207
virgultorum Morelet, 1863—III, 207
vitrinoides Reeve, 1848¶—IV, 40
vittatus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832†—IV, 44
voithianus Pfeier, 1847—III, 208
volsus Fulton, 1907—III, 208
wintlei Finch, 1929—III, 209
wol Reibisch, 1892—III, 209
woodwardi Pfeier, 1857—III, 210
xanthostoma d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 210
yanamensis Morelet, 1863—IV, 37
yatesi Pfeier, 1855—※IV, 36; IV, 38
yungasensis d’Orbigny, 1837—III, 211
zhorquinensis Angas, 1879—III, 211
ziczac da Costa, 1898—III, 212
ziegleri Pfeier, 1847—※III, 37; ¶III, 212
ziegleri Reeve, 1849†—IV, 44
zilchi Breure, 1977—I, 45
zilchi Weyrauch, 1958—※III, 83
zoographica d’Orbigny, 1835—III, 213
