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12 ReferencesA New Standardized Method for Quantification of Humic and Fulvic Acids in Humic Ores and Commercial Products
Abstract
Increased use of humic substances in agriculture has generated intense interest among producers, consumers, and regulators for an accurate and reliable method to quantify humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) in raw ores and products. Here we present a thoroughly validated method, the
new standardized method for determination of HA and FA contents in raw humate ores and in solid and liquid products produced from them. The methods used for preparation of HA and FA were adapted according to the guidelines of the International Humic Substances Society involving alkaline extraction
followed by acidification to separate HA from the fulvic fraction. This is followed by separation of FA from the fulvic fraction by adsorption on a nonionic macroporous acrylic ester resin at acid pH. It differs from previous methods in that it determines HA and FA concentrations gravimetrically
on an ash-free basis. Critical steps in the method, e.g., initial test portion mass, test portion to extract volume ratio, extraction time, and acidification of alkaline extract, were optimized for maximum and consistent recovery of HA and FA. The method detection limits for HA and FA were
4.62 and 4.8 mg/L, respectively. The method quantitation limits for HA and FA were 14.7 and 15.3 mg/L, respectively.
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- ... منتقل ايران معدني زغال هاي توسط ابتدا سنگ فکي خردايش دستگاه کوچک 1 وزني صورت به اسید هیومیک نهايي خلوص / مي ارائه وزني .شود اولیه ماده به نسبت اسید هیومیک مقدار زير فرمول از استفاده با شد ارائه اسید هیومیک براي وزني خلوص درصد صورت به ( Lamar et al. 2014 :) (رابطه 1 ) ...
- ... Using similar processes to those for extracting HS from the soil, peat, leonardite or lignite, organic fractions which are defined as humic-like substances (HLS) can be extracted from composted organic wastes. The basic HLS extraction process usually involves an alkaline hydrolysis (pH > 10) of compost at high temperature and a further concentration step to reach the required HLS concentration, ranging from 15 to 85%[191]. Numerous composted wastes has been used for HLS extraction, namely, sewage sludge, household wastes and several animal, agrifood and agricultural residues, with tomato residues among them[192][193][194]. Various liquid fertilizers containing humic acids derived from organic wastes have been commercialized for application on grass, horticultural plants or crop production[195]. ...
- ... At pH 3, Cd removal efficiency was low, possibly because of reduced solubility of humic substances, and their partial precipitation onto soil (clay) particles. At low pH, the carboxylic groups of humic substances would also be less dissociated, while the humic substances molecules become more compact ( Lamar et al., 2014;Kulikowska et al., 2015a). As a result, electrostatic interaction between humic substances and soil particles would increase as does humic substance precipitation/adsorption onto soil particles as Wang and Mulligan (2009) had observed for arsenic. ...
Project
I am working on elucidating how humic and fulvic acids affect plant growth. This involves intensive chemical characterization of humic and fulvic acids from different sources and also their fracti…" [more]
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- Testing the best DNA extraction kits from soil according to soil structure and texture
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Chapter
A commonly cited constraint to growth of the humic products industry has been the lack of a widely accepted procedure for determining humic and fulvic acid contents of commercial products. Several procedures are currently used, but none is considered sufficiently quantitative, reproducible, and capable of discerning adulterants in the products. After discussion between industry representatives... [Show full abstract]
Article
The colorimetric method and the California Department of Food and
Agriculture (CDFA) method of evaluating the humic acid content of five raw
humate ores and three humate products were compared to the classical technique
of extraction in a dilute base followed by precipitation of humic acid by extract
acidification and ash removal by hydrochloric/hydrofluoric acid (HCl/HF) wash.
Compared to the... [Show full abstract]
Article
A Chemical Fractionation for Structure–Function Relations of Soil Organic Matter in Nutrient Cycling
Chemical extractions of soil organic matter (SOM) have not been widely used to elucidate the dynamics of SOM in field settings, especially to address issues of nutrient cycling. To illustrate potential applications of chemical extractions to nutrient issues, this report reviews studies in which the extraction of SOM fractions was based on their binding to polyvalent soil cations. Radiocarbon... [Show full abstract]
Article
Measurements of the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and
its humic and hydrophilic sub-fractions in different soil types, and
our understanding of the underlying processes, are still limited. This
knowledge gap strongly hampers adequate modelling of the speciation,
mobility and bioavailability of trace elements in soils, the reactive
DOC concentration being a major controlling... [Show full abstract]
Article
The lignin-degrading fungi Phanerochaete chroysosporium, P. sordida, Trametes hirsuta, and Ceriporiopsis subvermispora were evaluated for their ability to decrease the concentration of pentachlorophenol (PCP) and to cause dry weight loss in PCP-treated wood. Hardwood and softwood materials from PCP- treated ammunition boxes that were chipped to pass a 3.8-cm screen were used. All four fungi... [Show full abstract]
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