Schoenoplectus heptangularis CABEZAS & Jiménez Mejías (Cyperaceae), a new species from Equatorial Guinea
Abstract and Figures
Schoenoplectus heptangularis Cabezas & Jiménez Mejías (Cyperaceae), a new species from Bioko Island (Equatorial Guinea), is described and illustrated. It is included in the group of Schoenoplectus corymbosus (Roem. & Schult.) J. Raynalwhich is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of the Old World. Multivariate analyses performed on morphological characters data to support the distinction of this new species with other closed taxon are presented as well as the determination key for the species of the Schoenoplectus corymbosus group.
![Schoenoplectus heptangularis Cabezas & Jiménez Mejías from Bioko Island. A. Achene abaxial side; B. Achene adaxial side; C-D. Pericarp surface; E. Anther; F. Anther mucro. [Cabezas, Estrella & Fero 1114FJC, MA]](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Pedro-Jimenez-Mejias/publication/262181447/figure/fig1/AS:669005937401874@1536514853456/Schoenoplectus-heptangularis-Cabezas-Jimenez-Mejias-from-Bioko-Island-A-Achene_Q320.jpg)
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... 59 (4) Browning, 1990;Gordon-Gray, 1995). Two further species of African Schoenoplectus not included in our molecular analyses possessed linear epidermal cells in longitudinal rows, S. pulchellus (Browning, 1990) and S. heptangularis (Jiménez-Mejías & Cabezas, 2009). These species will be treated in Schoenoplectiella (see Section 5). ...
... Moreover, S. confusus var. rogersii, another taxon in the synonymy of S. muricinux (Verloove et al., 2018), is here shown to be sister to S. brachyceras, a widely accepted taxon (Browning, 1992;Jiménez-Mejías & Cabezas, 2009) also recognized as close to S. muricinux (Verloove et al., 2018), but not placed in its synonymy. Although it is clear that the limits of many of these taxa are not well defined, we re-adopt Browning's (Browning, 1991a) treatment of S. muricinux and its allies until molecular, and additional morphological and micromorphological data can be applied to the problem. ...
Molecular phylogenetic studies based on Sanger sequences have shown that Cyperaceae tribe Fuireneae s.l. is paraphyletic. However, taxonomic sampling in these studies has been poor, topologies have been inconsistent, and support for the backbone of trees has been weak. Moreover, uncertainty still surrounds the morphological limits of Schoenoplectiella, a genus of mainly small, amphicarpic annuals that was recently segregated from Schoenoplectus. Consequently, despite ample evidence from molecular analyses that Fuireneae s.l. might consist of two to four tribal lineages, no taxonomic changes have yet been made. Here, we use the Angiosperms353 enrichment panel for targeted sequencing in order to: (1) clarify the relationships of Fuireneae s.l. with the related tribes Abildgaardieae, Eleocharideae and Cypereae; (2) define the limits of Fuireneae s.s., and (3) test the monophyly of Fuireneae s.l. genera with emphasis on Schoenoplectus and Schoenoplectiella. Using more than a third of Fuireneae s.l. diversity, our phylogenomic analyses strongly support six genera and four major Fuireneae s.l. clades that we recognise as tribes: Bolboschoeneae stat.nov., Fuireneae s.s., Schoenoplecteae, and Pseudoschoeneae tr.nov. These results are consistent with morphological, micromorphological (nutlet epidermal cell shape), and embryo differences detected for each tribe. At the generic level, most sub‐Saharan African perennials currently treated in Schoenoplectus are transferred to Schoenoplectiella. Our targeted sequencing results show that these species are nested in Schoenoplectiella, and their treatment here is consistent with micromorphological and embryo characters shared by all Schoenoplectiella species. Keys to recognised tribes and genera are provided.
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... The development of a new system of databases, based on MySQL allows the on-line handling of information related to herbarium specimens, literature reports, and also of those data related to accepted names, bibliography, type information or descriptions. We have included in the website all the information that we have produced in the last years, so that now all papers produced by us or by other authors but related to the country are freely downloadable [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. ...
Flora of Equatorial Guinea is a research project coordinated by the Real Jardín Botánico of Madrid with the aim to produce a modern Flora for this almost unknown territory. One of our goals is to develop the website www. floradeguinea.com. A system of relational databases with an implemented Thesaurus -to minimize typographical mistakes -allows the on-line managing and updating of nomenclatural information, herbarium specimens, literature records, vernacular names and bibliography. Images and maps are also linked to accepted names. We are now implementing interactive keys for identification. In our wiki-based system, Scans of herbarium specimens from all species growing in the country are also being uploaded. Species from neighboring countries are included as well, since some of them could appear in Equatorial Guinea.
... Multivariate exploratory analyses are sensitive to dataset heterogeneity (cf. Jiménez-Mejías and Cabezas 2007). Thus, restricting datasets to more closely allied plants and considering only the most variable characters may elucidate the boundaries between groups, or reveal underlying structures. ...
Carex flava is a species complex with frequent hybridization. Within its Old World distribution, the group reaches the Iberian Peninsula, North Africa and Macaronesia, where the taxonomy of the group is particularly controversial. We performed a biometric study using quantitative characters and statistical multivariate and univariate techniques to test taxonomic relationships within previously defined genetic lineages, and to study the clinal morphological variation between those lineages. Our analytical approach allowed us to clearly discriminate between five well-defined morphogroups (C. demissa s. s., C. flava, C. lepidocarpa, C. viridula and a fifth group composed of C. nevadensis and populations from the Atlas region) and to establish morphological relationships for problematic morphotypes. The Pyrenean-Cantabrian populations predominantly displayed intermediate morphologies between C. demissa and C. lepidocarpa. Conversely, the Atlantic- Iberian morphotype, considered a hybrid between C. demissa and C. viridula, displayed a morphology that was often similar to C. lepidocarpa. The analytical approach adopted here may be relevant for the study of morphological intermediates in other plant species complexes with similar taxonomic problems.
the macro-morphological variation and geographical distribution of six morphologically similar taxa from the Schoeno-plectus corymbosus complex with distinctly muricated nutlets (viz Schoenoplectus confusus subsp. confusus var. confusus and var. rogersii, S. confusus subsp. natalitius, S. muricinux, S. muriculatus and Scirpus corymbosus var. junciformis) were thoroughly studied. It is concluded that all these taxa are ill-defined and that alleged distinctive traits are weak or widely overlap. we therefore suggest expanding the description of S. muricinux (the binomial which has nomenclatural priority) and reducing the other species and their infraspecific taxa to synonyms of it. "S. sp. a" of Flora of west tropical africa (Nigeria, where it is considered a naturalized introduction of man-made habitats) is shown to also belong to S. muricinux.
1. Schoenoplectus corymbosus (Roth ex Roem. & Schult.) J. Raynal var. brachyceras (A. Rich.) K. Lye is reverted to specific status as S. brachyceras (A. Rich.) K. Lye.
Clarke (1898), and other authors of about the same period, regarded Scirpus paludicola Kunth as a single species including within its limits three entities previously accepted as independent species by Kunth (1837). Raynal (1976) was prompted to reconsider Kunth’s earlier interpretation. Study resulted in the re-establishment of three species, but within Schoenoplectus (Reichenbach) Palla, previously a section within Scirpus L. Raynal expressed the need for further study of the distribution of these species in eastern southern Africa where they appeared sympatric. Such study has revealed a range of variability for Sch. decipiens previously unrecorded and requiring a new key for identification. Distribution maps uphold Raynal’s tentative observation that altitudinal preferences isolate, in part at least, the ranges of Sch. decipiens and Sch. paludicola. Sch. pulchellus is still imperfectly known. Further detailed field study of all three taxa is required in the eastern Cape Province and the south-eastern Transvaal. Descriptions, illustrations and electron micrographs are included.
Material in South African herbaria (and some from other parts of Africa and India) of the Indian and African species, Schoenoplectus corymbosus (Roth ex Roem. & Schult.) J. Raynal was examined. Two varieties, the typical var. corymbosus and var. brachyceras (A. Rich.) K. Lye, are recognized for southern Africa. These are the same as those recognized by Haines and Lye (1983) for East Africa, but some alternative criteria are proposed for their recognition. The development of hypogynous bristles and vegetative proliferation are briefly discussed. The history of the species is summarized, and a key to identification, formal descriptions, a distribution map and illustrations are provided.
In the revision here presented, an assessment of the Italian species of the group Scirpus s.l. at generic, infrageneric and specific level is performed, on the basis of a comparative morphological analysis carried out on wild populations and on exsiccata housed in the main Italian herbaria, as well as in the light of recent (and less recent) acquisitions in the systematics of such worldwide, most diverse and complex group. The 22 species here appraised for the Italian territory are attributed to 7 genera: Blysmus Panz., Scirpus L., Bolhoschoenus (Rchb.) Palla, Scirpoides Scheuchz. ex Séguier, Schoenoplectus (Rchb.) Palla, Isolepis R. Br., Trichophorum Pers. Schoenoplectus species are attributed to the subgenera Schoenoplectus and Actaeogeton (Rchb.) Oteng-Yeboah. Isolepis species are attributed to the only subgenus Isolepis and to the sections Isolepis and Eleogiton (Link) Pax.