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63. Zentralblatt für die Gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie, Volume 212

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Abstract

CITATION: 113 RIHSA-Liquor-Szintigraphie bei pädiatrisch-neurochirurgischen Patienten ("4-RIHSA CSF scanning in pediatric neurosurgical practice): P. N. Tandon, M. A. P. Rao, A. K. Basu, J. Dar and B. S. Das. Neuroradiology 8, 1 19—123 (1974).

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... The development of the SDs concept was associated with a pivotal study [11][12][13] by the Heidelberg School in the 1920s, concerning the psychotomimetic effects of mescaline in modeling SDs. Beringer 9,[11][12][13] injected mescaline hydrochloride intramuscularly to study the phenomenological "structure" of healthy individuals' subjective experience of the psychotomimetic SDs, thus paving the way for hypotheses about neurocognitive mechanisms. ...
... The development of the SDs concept was associated with a pivotal study [11][12][13] by the Heidelberg School in the 1920s, concerning the psychotomimetic effects of mescaline in modeling SDs. Beringer 9,[11][12][13] injected mescaline hydrochloride intramuscularly to study the phenomenological "structure" of healthy individuals' subjective experience of the psychotomimetic SDs, thus paving the way for hypotheses about neurocognitive mechanisms. The results indicated that SDs involve disruption of embodied perceptual experience, which affects the experience of time, space, and continuity of self-experience (see table 1). ...
... As such, they do not overlap with SDs, which, are perceived, by definition, as happening to self, without the self's participation. [9][10][11][12][14][15][16][17] Nevertheless, mescaline models both the earlier selfperceived subtle cognitive difficulties (Denkerschwerung) and, at higher doses, their transition to thoughts becoming sensory in the SDs leading to experiences of thought insertion/withdrawal/broadcasting, etc. [11][12][13]16,17 ...
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Self-disorders (SDs) (from the German Ichstörungen) are alterations of the first-person perspective, long associated with schizophrenia, particularly in early phases. Although psychopathological features of SDs continue to be studied, their neurobiological underpinnings are unknown. This makes it difficult to integrate SDs into contemporary models of psychosis. The present review aims to address this issue, starting from an historical excursus revealing an interconnection between neuroscientific models and the origin of the psychopathological concept of SDs. Subsequently, the more recent neurobiological models related to SDs are discussed, particularly with respect to the onset of schizophrenia.
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The current concept of paraphrenia has its historical origins in Emil Kraepelin's work. Several factors, however, contributed to the fading out of this disorder, namely the follow-up study of W. Mayer, the influences of Bleuler and of some related concepts, such as Roth's late paraphrenia. Over the last decades Alistair Munro and co-workers have contributed to the clarification and precision of the paraphrenia concept. One of the essentials steps was to come up with a specific set of diagnostic criteria, which are presented here translated to Portuguese.
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