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A Comparison of the Intelligence and Athletic Ability of College Men
... Given a series of athletic tasks, administered under the same conditions and with all other factors influencing athletic achievement to two individuals, identical in physique but differing in intellect, it is reasonable to believe that the more intellectual will prove superior. The assumption now is that intelligence plays apart in athletic achievement [26] . Intelligence of an individual plays an important role in effecting physical performance. ...
Sport psychology help professional and amateur athletes to deal with their problems, improve their performance and achieve their goals. Sports psychology can even help people outside the playground. Sports psychology important for successful performance in most sports, it can help all athletes to Enhance performance, Cope with the pressures of competition, Recover from injuries, Keep up an exercise program and enjoying their sports. The present conceptual paper will review general psychological factors that already affect the athletes' performance and sports. 1. Introduction The word psychology refers to the study of human behavior, and sports psychology denotes sub category of psychology that deals with the behavior of athletes and teams engaged in competitive sports. Sports psychology is that branch of psychology which is intimately connect with human behavior on the play field, both under practice and competitive situations. Sport psychology is an interdisciplinary science that draws on knowledge from many related fields including biomechanics, physiology, kinesiology and psychology. It involves the study of how psychological factors affect performance and how participation in sport and exercise affect psychological and physical factors. [1] In addition to instruction and training of psychological skills for performance improvement, applied sport psychology may include work with athletes, coaches, and parents regarding injury, rehabilitation, communication, team building, and career transitions. Sports psychology is essentially the study of how the mind affects physical activity and athletic performance. According to the American Psychological Association, " sports psychology addresses the interactions between psychology and sport performance, including the psychological aspects of optimal athletic performance, the psychological care and well-being of athletes, coaches, and sport organizations, and the connection between physical and psychological functioning [2]. " Sports psychologists can teach skills to help athletes enhance their learning process and motor skills, cope with competitive pressures, fine tune the level of awareness needed for optimal performance, and stay focused. Psychological training should be an integral part of an athlete's holistic training process, carried out in conjunction with other training elements. This is best accomplished by a collaborative effort among the coach, the sport psychologist, and the athlete; however, a knowledgeable and interested coach can learn basic psychological skills and impart them to the athlete, especially during actual practice. Educational sports psychologists instruct their clients on the use of psychological techniques such as goal setting, energy management, relaxation skills, self-talk and positive imagery in order to maximize performances. They usually possess background training in kinesiology and become certified through organizations such as the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP) [3] .
... Other authors have compared the academic performance of students enrolled in special sport schools (Pietrini 1981) or school athletes (Davis and Berger 1973, Davis and Cooper 1934, DiGiovanna 1937, Hackensmith and Miller 1938, Lueptow and Kayser 1973 with their nonathletic peers. Although the athletes fared well in such comparisons, few conclusions can be drawn from such observations because athletic involvement was self-selected, and often students also received additional academic coaching or were graded more leniently than their nonathletic peers. ...
Psychological concepts and its interventions are essential in understanding Science of physical movements and sports. One of the important psychological concepts was memory. Muscle memory
may be a type of procedural memory that involves consolidating a selected motor task into memory through repetition that has been used synonymously with motor learning. Once collaborating in any
sport, new motor skills and movement mixtures square measure often getting used and perennial.
Long-term memory associated with strength coaching involves parts of each motor learning and long lived changes within the muscle tissue. One has to understand the muscle memory concept so that it would helpful in sports and physical training. This study was of historical method. Researcher contemplated scarcely any surveys from writing and expressed the hypothetical foundation on muscle memory and its interrelationship with sports. Individual needs to understand the muscle memory idea with the goal that it would supportive in sports and physical preparing.
This article reports the relation between Jump and Reach test scores and intelligence test scores of 1013 secondary school boys, the relation between the Jump and Reach test scores of athletes and non-athletes, and the relation between Jump and Reach test scores of seven sport groups. The correlation between Jump and Reach test scores and intelligence test scores was .037. Athletes were significantly superior to non-athletes in Jump and Reach test performance. The Jump and Reach test scores of seven athletic groups indicate that power is more closely related to performance in some sports than in others.
46 kindergarten children were given the Stanford Revision and 18 tests of motor ability. Three trials were given each of the tests of motor ability and the best score of the three was used as a measure of the ability. Motor ability alone does not correlate in any practically significant degree with mental age. The coefficients, though low, are positive. "By the time of the kindergarten period qualities of abstract intelligence, such as concentration, discrimination, etc., are more important than motor development in indicating the mental maturity of the child." The author suggests, however, that a battery of tests involving motor tasks, with elements requiring abstract abilities added, might be constructed to measure the intelligence of kindergarten children. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
A list of 25 propositions were rated by 1054 college freshmen and seniors on a five-point scale from implicit belief to absolute disbelief. Freshmen were less inclined to believe various propositions concerning evolution than seniors, and both groups were less willing to express belief in evolution itself. The freshmen expressed 23% implicit belief in evolution itself and 28% absolute disbelief, while the seniors expressed 61% implicit belief and 5% absolute disbelief. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Typescript. Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1898. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [32-33]).
A Study of Athletic Ability of High School Girls
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The Utilization of McCloy's Athletic Index with the Cali-fornia Achievement Scales
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Why Physical Education is a Way of Education Journal of Health and l'izysical Ed;tcation, IIIBody Form and Athletic Achievement of Youths
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Intelligence of Varsity Athletics American Physical Education Re-view, XXIX
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Achievement Scales in Physical Education for College Women
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Achievement Scales in Athletics for College Women
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Athletics and Achievements in High School
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Studies in the Psychology of Athletics
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How Athletes and Non-Athletes Compare in Mental Ability and in Educational Achievement
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Athletics and Scholarship at The Ohio State University
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Scholarships and Athletics North Central Association Quar-terly, V
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Sanity as Related to Athletics
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College Athletics and Scholarship
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Hutchinson, M. E., "College Athletics and Scholarship," School and Society, XXIX (Feb. 2, 1929), pp. 151-152.
Interscholastic Athletics
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A Comparison of the Intelligence of High School Athletes with Non-Athletes
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Jones, R. H., "A Comparison of the Intelligence of High School Athletes with Non-Athletes," School and Society, XLII (Sept. 21, 1935), pp. 415-416.
How to Measure in Education
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The Influence of Chronological Age on Motor Performance
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McCloy, C. H., "The Influence of Chronological Age on Motor Performance," THE RESEARCH QuARTERLY, VI (M.a y, 1935), pp. 61-64.
The Measurement of Athletic Power
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College Athletes Above the Average in Scholarship
- G H Mccracken
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A Comparison of the Scholastic Records of Athletes and Non-Ath-letes
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A Psychological Study of Athletes
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High Intelligence, Long Life, Physical Fitness-They're All Related
- C T Ryan
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The Literature of American Schools and College Athletic> Carne-gie Foundation for Advancement of Teaching, Bulletin Number Twenty-FourCollege Athletics and Scholarship Carnegie Foundation for t he Advancement of Teaching, Twenty-Second Annual Report
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Correlations of Mental Abilities T eachers' College B ulletin, Co-lumbia University
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