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Formas de utilizar la estadística en voleibol. Estudio sobre Superliga Masculina y Femenina (Temporada 2006-2007) [Ways of use of volleyball statistics. Study of Spanish male and female firsts division (Season 2006-2007)]

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Resumen: El objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer cuáles son las características de las personas que realizan la estadística; los recursos humanos y materiales que se destinan para su realización; los criterios de valoración, las adaptaciones de las escalas de valoración; y los valores de referencia utilizados por los entrenadores tanto a nivel de acciones técnicas, como de acciones colectivas, empleados por los equipos españoles masculinos y femeninos de la primera y segunda división nacional (Superliga 1 y Superliga 2). La muestra de estudio fueron un total de 22 entrenadores, siete entrenadores de categoría masculina y 15 entrenadores de categoría femenina de equipos de superliga 1 y superliga 2 de la RFEVB en la temporada 2006-2007. Se utilizó un diseño selectivo a través de cuestionarios. Las variables objeto de estudio hacían referencia a criterios utilizados por los entrenadores de los equipos de voleibol para el control de la eficacia técnico-táctica en las distintas acciones de juego. El cuestionario contenía ocho apartados: socio-demográficos, saque, recepción, colocación, remate, bloqueo, defensa en campo, y fases de juego. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que en la mayoría de los equipos españoles el control estadístico lo realiza el primer y segundo entrenador. Es escaso el número de equipos que posee una personal especializada en sola esa faceta del control del equipo (15%). Se utilizan para valorar la eficacia de los gestos técnicos, adaptaciones de la escala FIVB, y la propia escala FIVB, en todos los gestos técnicos y para valorar las fases de juego se utiliza el rendimiento en la jugada. El trabajo aporta información sobre cuales son los cálculos matemáticos que realizan los entrenadores para el análisis de la eficacia de los diferentes gestos técnicos y los rangos que los entrenadores encuestados consideran como adecuados. El trabajo puede servir de referencia para entrenadores e investigadores sobre la terminología, tipos de estadística y valores de referencia empleados en este nivel de competición. Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine what are, in volleyball, the characteristics of the persons do the statistical analysis and materials used, the criteria used, and the reference values used by the coaches for the individual and collective actions, employed by the Spanish male and female teams of the first and second national division. The study sample were a total of 22 coaches, seven coaches from male team and 15 coaches from female team of the first and second Spanish national division (season 2006-2007). The information was recollected using questionnaires. The variables studied were related to the criteria used by volleyball coaches to control tactical and technical efficiency in their teams. The questionnaire contained eight sections: socio-demographic, serve, reception, set, spike, block, dig, and play phases. The results obtained showed that most of Spanish teams the statistical control is done by the first and second coach. There is little number of teams that have a staff member specializes in this aspect (15%). The coaches use to assess the effectiveness of technical gestures, adaptations of the scale FIVB FIVB and the scale itself. The study provides information about the calculations done by the coaches to analyze the effectiveness of technical actions and the efficacy level considered as adequate. The results found can serve as a reference for coaches and researchers on the terminology, types of statistics and the reference values used in this level of competition.
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