Content uploaded by Saneesh Kumar
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Saneesh Kumar on Mar 26, 2014
Content may be subject to copyright.
A preview of the PDF is not available
Analysis on the Natural Remedies to Cure Dandruff/Skin Disease-causing Fungus - Malassezia furfur.
Abstract
A comparative study was conducted on the levels of effectiveness, of natural remedies such as cow's urine, lemon, boiled rice water, Neem extract etc. in curing dandruff and inhibiting the growth of the causative fungus Malassezia. Various plating techniques were applied using modified Oil - Potato Dextrose Agar as the nutrient medium for the fungal growth. Cow's urine was found to be more stable and effective in inhibiting the fungus, along with boiled rice-water. Lemon juice was highly effective though over a shorter period.
... Authentication of the plant was carried out in the Herbarium of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto. The plant leaves were packed in a sterile polythene bag and were air dried under shed and pulverized into a fine powder using Mortar and pestle (Kumar et al, 2013). ...
... The samples obtained were taken to Herbarium of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto for identification. Voucher specimen were prepared and deposited in the herbarium in accordance with the procedure of Kumar et al, (2013). ...
... This agrees with the findings of (Mecteauet al., 2000;Ordonez et al., 2009) of potash compound being an excellent antimicrobial agent. The technique used for the antifungal test with natural remedies has been found to be effective in controlling the growth of Malassezia fungi (Kumar, 2013). ...
A comparative analysis was carried out on the levels of effectiveness of some selected natural remedies in inhibiting the growth of Malassezia globosa associated with dandruff. The natural remedies used in this research include; Potash, Neem leaves and Cloves. Scalp samples (Hair flakes) were collected from infected individuals with dandruff. Agar incorporation method was employed to test the efficacies of the three selected natural remedies against the growth of Malassezia globosa.,Three (3) species of Malassezia were obtained, these include; Malassezia globosa, Malassezia restricta and Malassezia furfur. Eleven (11) samples with 55% frequency of occurrence were positive for Malassezia globosa, five (5) samples with the percentage frequency of occurrence of (25%) were found to be positive for Malassezia furfur and 4 samples with the percentage frequency of occurrence of (20%) were found to be positive for Malassezia restricta. Catalase enzyme differential test between Malassezia globosa, Malassezia furfur and Malassezia restricta revealed catalase positive results with 11(55%) samples of Malassezia globosa and negative results with Malassezia furfur and Malassezia restricta. Potash was the most effective natural remedy in inhibiting the growth of Malassezia globosa than neem leaves and cloves extracts.
... In a clay pot containing cow urine, they ferment the fruits of Phyllanthus emblica, Phyllanthus simplex, and Terminalia chebula. They then drink it every morning 24,25 . Cow urine may be used to treat eczema, burns, hepatitis, jaundice, immunological diseases, dysentery, malignancies, and diabetes, according to Raja K(2011) 24 . ...
... The idea that this substance may also make it easier for tumour cells to spread to distant organs through the angiogenic pathway is supported by the possibility that Follistain is involved in tumour angiogenesis. Emerging data supports this theory and indicates that FLS, at least in certain tumours, seems to promote the metastatic process 25 . ...
From ancient times, cow pee has been utilised to treat a variety of human illnesses. It is a crucial and integral component of Panchgavya Chikitsa. Ayurveda classics have emphasised its value and usage in treatments such decoction purgation and enema for the treatment of Kushtha ( vitiligo), Kandu ( eczema) Udarrog ( disorders of GI track), colic, abdominal tumours, cancer treatment, enlargement of the belly, and flatulence etc. Numerous studies have also been conducted that demonstrate the effectiveness of this substance in treating a variety of conditions, including those related to the skin, the stomach, the kidneys, the heart, the liver, stones, diabetes, athletes' foot, cysts, haemorrhoids, and the liver, as well as its immunostimulant, bioenhancer, anticonvulsant, anticancer, wound-healing, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. It may be used in agriculture to make bio insecticides and vermin compost. The distillate of cow urine, which is a good bio enhancer, just received U.S. patent protection. To demonstrate its traits and advantages, further study is needed.
... This was boiled up to one fourth of initial volume. Then it was sieved and the filtrate thus collected was maintained in refrigerator at 4 • C until further use [5]. ...
Clinical importance of Dandruff causing Malassezia species is significantly increasing. They are responsible for various human diseases. Dermatomycosis, which is a chronic superficial scaling, known as pityriasis versicolor (PV) is caused by this opportunistic pathogen. The aim of this study was to isolate, identify and analyse its sensitivity against the crude aqueous extract of four (Tulsi, Aleo vera, Fenugreek and Curry leaves) medicinal plants and their combinations in different proportions. From direct microscopy, Gram staining and Biochemical tests, the pathogen was identified as M. globosa. It was observed that all four herbal extracts were promisingly active against the isolated dandruff pathogen. In combination, few showed synergistic effect and few combinations showed antagonistic effect. Thus this research work can help to make a polyherbal mixture that could be incorporated in hair oil or shampoos for better anti-dandruff activity.
... Compared to residue, distillate and re-distillate of cow urine antioxidant activity seen highly in fresh cow urine [42]. It was observed experimentally that DPPH radial scavenging activity and superoxide scavenging activity of cow urine and its distillate inhibited the free radicals. ...
It is indispensable to maintain a healthy skin from infectious microorganisms like Bacteria, Fungi, viruses and parasites. Most common biological agents Bacteria and Fungi plays a prominent role in worsening the skin infections. Antimicrobial and antifungal studies of various natural ( herbal extracts) and synthetic compounds are still going on to find out the best results against skin infection causing microbes. For the treatment of skin infections: soaps, creams, ointments and skin care lotions containing chemicals are available but due to certain limitations the people are frequently attracted towards herbal formulative products. Cow urine is profound to have a great therapeutic value. Across many parts of the world, cow urine therapy is highly used and recommended by medicinal practioners. Cow urine remove dark circles, black spots and pimples says Gujarat government’s Gauseva and Gauchar Vikas Board. Due to cow urine’s great impact, even branded cosmetic companies started formulating cosmetic commercial products using the cow urine as a constituent in skin care products. Since, numerous researches experimentally proved that cow urine acts as a wide defender of skin.
... Antimicrobial activities of cow productsUrine of indigenous Geer cow showed superior antifungal activity as compared to standard antibiotic Amphoterecin B (50µg), thus suggesting cow urine as a natural antifungal agent(Rana and De, 2013). Beneficial effects of cow urine were also suggested against Malassezia fungus, a fungus which is responsible for dandruff(Sathasivam et al., 2010, Kumar, 2013& Hoh et al., 2017. Additionally, studies demonstrating cow urine benefits against plant pathogenic fungi are also available.Jandaik et al (2015) investigated the effects of different concentrations of urine against three different fungi (Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Sclerotium rolfsii) of okra and fenugreek vegetables and found out that incidence of fungal attack has been reduced with increasing concentration of cow urine. ...
... Cow urine was found to be more effective than neem leaves extract and lemon juice extract. It is highly stable and capable of inhibiting the growth of Malassezia fungi (90-95%) than rice water (due to B. cereus growth in rice water) which was stably capable of inhibiting 85-90% of the growth for 3-4 days [43] . An in-vitro study revealed that urine of outdoor grazing cow possesses more antifungal effect than indoor feeding cow. ...
Cow is worshiped as "mother of mankind". It is very respective animal in Hinduism. Cow urine and cow dung are described as important excretions of animal origin. Cow urine contains many active compounds like phenols, amino acids, volatile and non-volatile substances which show marvelous antimicrobial activities. Ayurveda also described the traditional use of cow urine in cure of many harmful diseases.
Cow urine is a cure for all diseases, and the cow is a travelling pharmacy.e cow is most advantageous animal in terms of agreement mmunity and anti - aging. They recommended 10-25 millilitre of and known as mother of ayurveda.In general, urine possesses antibacterial properties. It functions as a crucial element.Cow have long been revered as divine creatures, both in religious and cultural context. In eastern culture they are also regards as mother's because they provide for entire families through a healthy diet through the provision of milk and related good like mother's milk. The vedas branch on medicine is called Ayurveda. Brahma vakya janardanam signifies that the vedao Vegas to be spoken from brahmas mouth. Everyone welfare is the goal. Consequently, it is known as aptopadesh, or support from close friends and family.cirrhosis of the liver is treated with daily dosage of 1-2 onces of cow urine. Additionally intended for are urine alone or mixed with honey and salt issue with the liver and others malignant jaundice is treated internally with antimony sulphide and cow urine. Goumutra with haritaki (termina) liachebula is effective for the treatment of kaphajshoth and pandu.
Go-mutra therapy provides an especially rich and provocative research topic. The ancient scriptures of ayurveda consider cow urine to be the elixir of life. Cow urine is one of the five contents of Panchagavya which obtain from cow (urine, milk, ghee, curd and dung). Cow based treatment is called as Panchagavya Chikitsa (Cowpathy). Cow urine is a divine medicine and is used for treatment of diabetes, blood pressure, asthma, psoriasis, eczema, heart attack, blockage in arteries, fits, cancer, AIDS, piles, prostrate, arthritis, migraine, thyroid, ulcer, acidity, constipation, gynaecological problems, It also increase the nitrogen content of the soil, for better rearing of honey bees, hasten the pubertal age of the heifers exposed to bull’s urine and as pesticide and larvicide for the fodder crops. Cow urine contains all substances, which are naturally present in the human body. Thus, consumption of cow urine maintains the balance of these substances and this helps cure incurable diseases like cancer, AIDS, autoimmune disorders better benefits in case of antibiotic resistance infectious diseases. Cow urine is excellent bioenhancer and recently Cow urine distillate has been granted U.S. patents. Further researches is required to prove its qualities and benefits.Various actions and researches on cow urine are summarized in this article.It is the most effective natural remedy and the safest method of treatment on nature based. Keywords: Gomutra, Panchgavya, CUC, Vermicompost, Immunostimulant.
Background:
Pityriasis capitis commonly known as dandruff is one of the most common and widely seen dermatological disease that affects majority of the world population. It is more than superficial flaking, as it leads to significant structural changes in the stratum corneum and inflammatory biomarkers. Various intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as Malassezia yeast, host epidermal conditions, sebaceous secretion, and abnormal immune responses, are found to contribute to the pathogenesis. Regardless of wide research, detail understanding, and treatment modalities, it still remains to be a cause of concern due to its recurring nature.
Aims:
The objective of this study is to enhance the understanding of its wide causes, pathophysiology, current treatment, and future approach.
Methods:
The article also aims at evaluating various promising anti-dandruff agents that can be further researched to become the leads in anti-dandruff therapy.
Results & conclusion:
The article summarizes the current knowledge on dandruff and present new facts and evidences in order to spread awareness, create potential for new herbal treatment options, and effectively control the most commercially exploited scalp disorder.
Rice water has been used for curing various ailments. The experiment was conducted to know the physico-chemical and cooking properties of six fine rice varieties. Length and breadth of the reported varieties ranges from 6-7.8mm and 4.5-5.5mm. The highest amylose (28%) was estimated in Gobindo bhog non-boiled rice followed by Sona Masori half boiled rice (24.2%) and lowest (18.6%) were Saffola arise active rice and Kerala rice. Alkali spreading value ranges from 3.0 to 3.9 of the tested varieties. Cooking time varied from 11min to 31min among the tested rice varieties. Elongation ratio of the fine rice varieties ranges from 1.5 to 2.4. Rice water of Kerala rice, Saffola arise active rice and full boiled rice had shown the significant zone of against diarrhoea causing bacteria. Overnight and 1 hr shocked rice water had shown the effective result against the dandruff causing fungi.
Dano, a poly-herbal hair oil was studied for anti-dandruff activity using microbiological and clinical tests. There was a clear symptomatic relief from dandruff in all the volunteers after 10 days of use. Further, the isolation of Pityrosporum ovale, the causative organism of the dandruff in culture was not possible after use of the Dano oil. The plant extracts is from Wrightia tinctoria (Indrajev), Cassia alata (Dadmari) and bitter fraction of Azadirachta indica (Neem or Nimba). Methylene blue reductase test was employed to study the anti-dandruff efficacy of the oil.
Malassezia furfur, a lipophilic, dimorphic and yeast-like fungus, occurring in human skin as an opportunistic pathogen, causes diseases such as dandruff, pityriasis versicolar, seborrheic dermatitis, etc. Suitable media for culturing the organism were standardized. A modified medium for the culturing of M. furfur has been proposed. Growth of the fungus was also determined in the presence of different carbon sources under the influence of different temperature, pH and salinity. Plant extracts of 19 species were screened against the growth of the fungus by using disc diffusion method and the results are discussed.
Cultures and culture filtrates of Bacillus cereus UW85 suppress damping-off of alfalfa caused by Phytophthora medicaginis. We studied the role in disease suppression of two antibiotics from culture filtrates of UW85 that reversibly inhibited growth of P. medicaginis. We purified the two antibiotics by cation-exchange chromatography and high-voltage paper electrophoresis and showed that one of them, designated zwittermicin A, was an aminopolyol of 396 Da that was cationic at pH 7.0; the second, designated antibiotic B, appeared to be an aminoglycoside containing a disaccharide. Both antibiotics prevented disease of alfalfa seedlings caused by P. medicaginis. Purified zwittermicin A reversibly reduced elongation of germ tubes derived from cysts of P. medicaginis, and antibiotic B caused swelling of the germ tubes. Mutants generated with Tn917 or mitomycin C treatment were screened either for antibiotic accumulation in an agar plate diffusion assay or for the ability to suppress damping-off disease of alfalfa. Of 2,682 mutants screened for antibiotic accumulation, 5 mutants were substantially reduced in antibiotic accumulation and disease-suppressive activity. Of the 1,700 mutants screened for disease-suppressive activity, 3 mutants had reduced activity and they accumulated less of both antibiotics than did the parent strain. The amount of antibiotic accumulated by the mutants was significantly correlated with the level of disease suppression. Addition of either zwittermicin A or antibiotic B to alfalfa plants inoculated with a culture of a nonsuppressive mutant resulted in disease suppression. These results demonstrate that B. cereus UW85 produces two fungistatic antibiotics that contribute to suppression of damping-off disease of alfalfa.
This trial investigated the tolerability and effect of modified citrus pectin (Pecta-Sol) in 13 men with prostate cancer and biochemical prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure after localized treatment, that is, radical prostatectomy, radiation, or cryosurgery. A total of 13 men were evaluated for tolerability and 10 for efficacy. Changes in the prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSADT) of the 10 men were the primary end point in the study. We found that the PSADT increased (P-value<0.05) in seven (70%) of 10 men after taking MCP for 12 months compared to before taking MCP. This study suggests that MCP may lengthen the PSADT in men with recurrent prostate cancer.
Lactobacilli strains were isolated from the milk of domestic animals for potential probiotic. A total of 120 milk samples (40 each from buffalo, cow and goat) were analyzed and 110 Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) were identified, out of these 43 were identified as probiotics, (L. acidophilus, L. bulgaricus, L. plantarum, L. lactis and L. rhamnosus). Out of these, 11 isolates were potential probiotics, which includes L. plantarum (C1, C4, C7, G7, G8 and B14) and L. rhamnosus (B13, C5, G4, G10 and G18). Their bacteriocins showed a broad inhibitory spectrum against the indicator organisms tested. The bacteriocins produced by L. plantarum (C4, G7) and L. rhamnosus (G18) showed prominent antimicrobial activity, resistance to heat at 121°C and tolerate acidic pH 3 but sensitive to pH 9 indication strong probiotic potential.These isolated LABS, exhibiting excellent probiotic characteristics, can be use in the protection and improvement of intestinal microbial flora and contribute health benefits to consumers.
Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) is perhaps the most useful traditional medicinal plant in India. Each part of the neem tree has some medicinal property and is thus commercially exploitable. During the last five decades, apart from the chemistry of the neem compounds, considerable progress has been achieved regarding the biological activity and medicinal applications of neem. It is now considered as a valuable source of unique natural products for development of medicines against various diseases and also for the development of industrial products. This review gives a bird's eye view mainly on the biological activities of some of the neem compounds isolated, pharmacological actions of the neem extracts, clinical studies and plausible medicinal applications of neem along with their safety evaluation.
In this minireview, we examine the ability of modified citrus pectin (MCP), a complex water soluble indigestible polysaccharide obtained from the peel and pulp of citrus fruits and modified by means of high pH and temperature treatment, to affect numerous rate-limiting steps in cancer metastasis. The anti-adhesive properties of MCP as well as its potential for increasing apoptotic responses of tumor cells to chemotherapy by inhibiting galectin-3 anti-apoptotic function are discussed in the light of a potential use of this carbohydrate-based substance in the treatment of multiple human malignancies.
The yeasts of the genus Malassezia have been associated with a number of diseases affecting the human skin, such as pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia (Pityrosporum) folliculitis, seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and--less commonly--with other dermatologic disorders such as confluent and reticulated papillomatosis, onychomycosis, and transient acantholytic dermatosis. Although Malassezia yeasts are a part of the normal microflora, under certain conditions they can cause superficial skin infection. The study of the clinical role of Malassezia species has been surrounded by controversy because of their fastidious nature in vitro, and relative difficulty in isolation, cultivation, and identification. Many studies have been published in the past few years after the taxonomic revision carried out in 1996 in which 7 species were recognized. Two new species have been recently described, one of which has been isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis. This review focuses on the clinical, mycologic, and immunologic aspects of the various skin diseases associated with Malassezia. It also highlights the importance of individual Malassezia species in the different dermatologic disorders related to these yeasts.
A mycological medium was developed for primary isolation and culture of lipophilic yeasts. It was initially based on published information of nutrients and trace components that would promote the growth of these yeasts. It was subsequently modified and adjusted to specifically promote the growth of lipophilic yeasts and simultaneously avoid the luxurious growth of other fungi and bacteria. With this medium, the conventional bacteriological procedures such as microbial streaking for pure culture and anti-microbial sensitivity testing could be carried out for these lipophilic yeasts.