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Galesi R. & Lorenz R. (2010): Le Orchidaceae della Riserva Naturale Orientata “Oasi faunistica di Vendicari” (Sicilia sud-orientale).
Abstract
Viene presentato uno studio finalizzato al censimento ed alla cartografia delle Orchidaceae della R.N.O. “Oasi Faunistica di Vendicari” (SR) situata nella Sicilia sud-orientale. Lo studio, effettuato nei diversi periodi dell’anno in tutti gli ambienti della riserva, ha portato al censimento di 23 entità (tra specie e sottospecie) appartenenti a quattro differenti generi: Barlia (1), Ophrys (13), Orchis (6) e Serapias (3). Sono stati osservati anche 3 ibridi di Ophrys, di cui uno, Ophrys ×martinii nothosubsp. ragonesii Galesi & R. Lorenz (= O. bombyliflora Link × Ophrys oxyrrhynchos Tod. subsp. biancae Galesi, Cristaudo & Maugeri), descritto come nuovo per la scienza. Questa ricerca, oltre a colmare una lacuna sulle conoscenze floristiche di Vendicari, offre al visitatore, ed in particolare al turista interessato ad itinerari naturalistici, un quadro più completo sulle emergenze biologiche di una delle più interessanti riserve naturali della Sicilia.
... This paper is based on literature data and herbarium investigation, integrated by several field observations carried out in different seasons. As concerns the literature we used all reports dealing with the flora of the Hyblaean territory (Bianca, 1839Bianca, -1857 Zodda, 1928; Albo, 1961; Gentile, 1962; Brullo & Furnari, 1970; Brullo, 1972 Brullo, , 1980 Brullo, , 1988 Brullo & Marcenò, 1973; Brullo et al., 1976 Brullo et al., , 2000 Brullo et al., , 2007 Brullo et al., , 2009 Bartolo et al., 1976 Bartolo et al., , 1989 Bartolo et al., , 1998 Bartolo et al., , 2009 Bartolo & Pulvirenti, 1993 Brullo & Pavone, 1985; Giardina, 1988; Di Pasquale et al., 1992; Galesi, 1992 Galesi, , 1993 Galesi, , 1995 Maugeri & Cristaudo, 1995; Galesi et al., 2006; Arrigoni, 2006; Guarino et al., 2008; Minissale et al., 2007; Galesi & Lorenz, 2010), as well as the main floristic contributions regarding the whole island (Gussone, 1843-1845; Lojacono Pojero, 1888-1909 Lopriore, 1900; Greuter et al.,1984-89; Giardina et al., 2007) or Italy (Fiori, 1925Fiori, -1929 Pignatti, 1982; Conti et al., 2005). Raimondo et al. (2005), examining the state of knowledge of Hyblaean flora, define as "well known" the Hyblaean plateau and the eastern coastal strip, and "fairly well known" the rest of the ter- ritory. ...
A survey of the endemic flora of the Hyblaean territory, important
centre of biodiversity and speciation in Sicily, is presented. The endemic flora of
this area consists of 105 taxa. Among them, 39 are included in the IUCN
Regional Red List and 32 in the National Red List, 17 Orchidaceae are protected
by the CITES and 3 in the EU 92/43 Habitat Directive. The most represented
families are Asteraceae and Orchidaceae (17%), Lamiaceae (10%). A large
number of species are endemic to Sicily or central-southern Italy and Sicily. The
endemic taxa exclusive to the Hyblaean territory are 20. Life form spectrum of
the endemic flora indicates the predominance of geophytes (28.6%), chamaephytes
(26.7%), hemicryptophytes (24.8%). The analysis of the habitat put in evidence
that the endemics are widespread in garrigues, rocky walls and rocky
coasts, dry grassland, woods and synantropic places. In this work, it’s also provided
an assessment of the conservation status of Hyblaean endemics and proposition
for their protection.
Soca R., 2017. Inventory of Ophrys (Orchidaceae) hybrids of Italy.- J. Eur. Orch. 49 (3-4): 565-642. The author makes the census of the hybrids of the Ophrys genus described from Italy. It is the first work on this subject in Italy which can be part of a larger project to identify the endemic plants of Italy. The binomials of the parents are indicated such as announced by the descriptors as well as according to ROMOLINI & SOUCHE (2012). Indication of the herbarium(a) in which the types are deposited is also given. Some statistics are presented: the list of the described Ophrys hybrids from Italy by region, the list of the herbaria and the presence of the types, the number of hybrids described by Italian and by foreigners. It should be noted that very few synonymous descriptions exist: only seventeen, which are mostly the result of individuals who do not have a comprehensive documentation correlated to journals without proper scientific advices. Only fifty three can be regarded as non strict endemic in Italy. And twenty-nine are absent from “ The International Plant Names Index ” (IPNI) list.
The orchids flora of south-eastern Sicily is fairly well known (Delforge, 2005; Galesi 1998); there are also specific surveys on the distribution of species in protected areas (Galesi 1999), such as for Vendicari (Galesi & Lorenz 2010). Many of these orchids, some of which are Hyblaean or Sicilian endemic, are rare species and in some cases they are included in the regional or national red lists. However, in Sicily to date, there are no known specific conservation actions, aimed primarily at the reinforcement of the population, based on a detailed knowledge of the distribution, consistency of populations and habitats. Therefore, in collaboration with the Regional Department of State Forests (Dipartimento Regionale Azienda Foreste Demaniali), the managing authority of the reserve, a research and conservation project of this particular taxonomic group was developed. References Delforge P., 2005. Guide des orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient. Delachaux et Niestlè asymbiotic germination in the conservation of the endangered Italian endemic orchid Ophrys benacensis. Plant Biosystems 144(1)121-127. The need to collect the germplasm to develop the second part of the project, which envisages the asymbiotic reproduction of orchidaceae on the basis of the protocol developed by Pierce et al. (2010), immediately indicated the considerable uncertainty of the pollination of orchids under observation, probably aggravated by the particularly windy conditions of the site. Therefore, for most late-flowering species such as Ophrys calliantha Bartolo & Pulvirenti, we proceeded to perform the manual pollination that has been successful since each intervention has had the next fruiting.
Sul versante nordovest dell’Etna è nota da cica 20 anni una consistente popolazione di un’entità ascrivibile all’aggregato Ophrys sphegodes s.l., ma distinta dalla specie tipica per un labello da espanso tondeggiante a fortememnte convesso e una macula ampia e spesso riccamente ornata. Classificata dapprima come O. exaltata, differisce da quest’ultima per la minore altezza, il labello arrotondato ed i sepali esclusivamente verdi; si differenzia inoltre dall’affine O. exaltata subsp. panormitana per il lbello intero ed i sepali verdi, da O. rachnitiformis subsp. archipelaghi (incl. O. mateolana e O. cilentana) per i sepali verdi e da O. garganica per i petali più stretti, la macula più ornata e le callosità basali bruno-verdastre. Approfonditi esami morfologici hanno messo in evidenza la sua distinta posizione tassonomica e hanno permesso di identificarla come nuova sottospecie: Ophrys sphegodes subsp. grassoana. Si descrivono inolte due nuovi ibridi: Ophrys exaltata Ophrys garganica, confermato per il territorio di Niscemi (CL), e O. bertolonii subsp. explanata O. holosericea subsp. apulica, confermato per Favignana (isola dell’arcipelago delle Egadi, a circa 7 km dalla costa occidentale della Sicilia). Mentre i parentali del primo ibrido hanno un areale di distribuzione che si sovrappone per tutta la Calabria e Sicilia, l’areale comune dei parentali del secondo ibrido è molto ristretto, sovrapponendosi solo a livello delle Isole Egadi.
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