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Sports injuries at the olympics: a review of incidence related data from past games and the implications for future multi-sport events.
Abstract
The Summer and Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games are the pinnacle of many athletes' careers, yet few have been fully reported on regarding injury occurrence (Athanasopoulos et al. BJSM 2007;41:603). We collated the evidence on sports injuries at Olympic and Paralympic Games into a complete review to inform medical provision, injury prevention and data collection planning for future multi-sport events. Eight electronic databases were systematically searched for articles fulfilling the following criteria: (i) title regarding any Olympic or Paralympic Games competition or training period, (ii) abstract documenting the frequency, characteristics or causes of sports related injuries that (iii) occurred in participating athletes. Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria. Four included all athletes and injuries at the event investigated. In the 2008 Summer Olympics, 1055 injuries were reported from 9572 athletes, highest proportions in football and commonest location the knee. In the 2010 Winter Olympics, 287 injuries were reported from 2567 athletes, highest proportions in snowboard cross and commonest location the knee. In the 2010 and 2002 Winter Paralympics, injuries were reported from 120 of 505 and 39 of 416 athletes respectively, highest proportions in sledge hockey. Current evidence suggests a similar proportion of injuries in Summer and Winter Olympics, an inconclusive proportion in Winter Paralympics, and a lack of research on Summer Paralympics. Severe injuries occur in training and competition, so adequate medical cover is needed during both. Preventative strategies should be sport-specific as injury causalities vary (Engebretsen et al. BJSM 2010;44:772). To better understand emerging sport specific injury patterns, International Federations could consider collaboration to establish a prospective surveillance system to produce longitudinal evidence from future sporting events (Webborn et al. CJSM 2012;22:3).
... Mixed sport participants are said to have higher risks of lower extremity and head or neck injuries than single sport participants (22). A systematic review of sport injuries in the past Olympic Games conducted by Watura et al found highest occurrence of sport injuries in football and commonest occurrence body location in the knee (23). Also, Bromley et al reported that among combat Olympic sports, the head/face, wrist and lower back had highest frequency of injuries in boxing; the lower back shoulder and knee sustained highest frequency in judo; the fingers and thigh in taekwondo; and the knee, shoulder and head/face in wrestling, respectively (24). ...
... This finding of highest incidence of sport injuries in football is evidence that sport injuries are highest in contact sports especially those sports with combative elements between participating individuals. This is consistent with the reports of previous studies that the incidence of sport injuries is highest in football that in any other sports (2,23). While incidence of sport injuries from basketball was the second highest after football among sport types in this study, Black et al reported that sport injuries from basketball had the highest incidence rate among Canadian athletes (14). ...
... While incidence of sport injuries from basketball was the second highest after football among sport types in this study, Black et al reported that sport injuries from basketball had the highest incidence rate among Canadian athletes (14). Also, our finding of highest incidence rate in the shin/ankle/foot is in contrast with the reports of previous studies (2,(23)(24)(25)27). But consistent with the report of von Rosen et al among elite young athletes (40). ...
Objective. Profiling epidemiological patterns and interventional methods for sport injuries in recurring sporting events like the Nigerian university games are useful for planning sport injury prevention and management programs. This study was designed to characterize the pattern of sports injuries and interventions implemented during the 24 th Nigerian university games. Material and Method. This was a retrospective case chart review of 159 athletes who reported for medical interventions during the 24 th Nigerian university games in 2014. Data extracted from the charts include age, gender, and incidence of sport injuries; sport types; body area affected by injury; injury presentation; stage of competition; date of injury occurrence in the competition; sport category and date of return to play; treatment(s) received; and medical personnel involved in treatments. Descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage were used to summarize data. Results. Higher incidences of sports injuries were observed among males, those within 20-25 years age range, athletes from the host institution, footballers, and body sites involving skin/ankle/foot. Furthermore, observed sport injuries were mostly sprain (50.9%) and strain (22.0%), and the injuries were commonly at the round stages of competition (67.9%), occurring 2 to 3 days after the commencement of the competition (35.8% to 18.9%), and was more in contact sports (66.7%). Cryotherapy was the most employed treatment (77%) with physiotherapists predominantly involved in injury management (43%). Conclusion. Sprain and strain affecting the lower extremities were the most common sport injuries in Nigeria university games, with higher incidences in males, participants from the host institution, and footballers. Cryotherapy was the most frequently used modality for the treatment of sport injuries.
... ). [3,7]) 치료를 받으면 7일( [7,14]) 후 일상생 활 복귀가 가능하며 14일( [14,21]) 후 스포츠 활동 복귀가 가능하 다고 인식하고 있었다. ...
... ). [3,7]) 치료를 받으면 7일( [7,14]) 후 일상생 활 복귀가 가능하며 14일( [14,21]) 후 스포츠 활동 복귀가 가능하 다고 인식하고 있었다. ...
... Grade 2의 환자는 치료 간격은 1.5일( [1,2])에 한 번씩 10회( [7,14]) 치료를 받으면 14일( [10.5, 21] ...
... 47 For men, the rate of ligament sprain decreased with increasing age, which could represent younger athletes competing in sports with a higher risk of knee sprain compared to the older athletes. 48 Additionally, previous research supports that the incidence of isolated ACL tears in men significantly decreases as age increases. 49 For women, the rate increased with increasing age which could be related to sport. ...
Purpose
Describe the frequency and severity of knee ligament sprains diagnosed by MRI in athletes participating at the 2016 Summer Olympic Games, their association with certain sports and assess correlations with additional knee structural injury.
Patients and Methods
All knee MRIs performed in the Olympic Village and polyclinics during the 2016 Olympics were retrospectively, blindly reviewed for ligament sprains and associated knee injuries. In addition to the absence or presence of these abnormalities, athletes were stratified by age, gender and sport.
Results
11,274 athletes participated in the 2016 Olympic Games: 113 athletes received at least one knee MRI with some having bilateral or repeat MRI on the same knee. Anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligament (ACL/MCL) sprains were most common, accounting for 32 of the 43 sprains (74.4%). Wrestling (10), hockey (7), athletics (7), and judo (5) accounted for over half of ligament sprains. ACL sprains showed a significant positive correlation with medial, lateral meniscal tears and bone contusions. The positive correlation between posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) sprains with MCL/lateral collateral ligament sprain, and popliteus tendon tear was statistically significant with 50% of total PCL sprains occurring in hockey. When athletes were stratified by gender, ligament sprains had a similar occurrence and distribution between men and women.
Conclusion
Knee ligament sprains, at the Rio 2016 Games, were most common in wrestling, hockey, athletics and judo with ACL and MCL sprains most frequent. Meniscal tears and bone contusions occurred often with ACL sprains. PCL sprains tended to be multi-ligamentous injuries. Sustained ligament sprains had similar occurrence between genders, while men had a peak incidence of sprains at a younger age and women at an older age.
Objective:
The purpose of this article is to describe knee abnormalities and the occurrence of MRI-detected sports-related knee abnormalities by evaluating MRI examinations performed during the Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games held in August 2016.
Conclusion:
There were 11,274 athletes at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games, and 113 of them underwent at least one knee MRI in the Olympic Village. Cartilage abnormalities, followed by meniscal tears and ligament sprains, were the most frequent abnormalities.
Background:
To describe injury and illness incidence from the US Youth Olympic Team during the 2014 Youth Olympic Games (YOG).
Methods:
Electronic health records of Team USA athletes registered for the YOG were reviewed for patient encounters during the 2014 YOG. Medical encounters were defined as all medical services provided by a healthcare provider including evaluation, treatment and prophylactic services. All medical conditions were categorised by IOC Injury and Illness reporting criteria.
Results:
Team USA was comprised of 48 male and 46 female athletes, aged of 14-18 years, representing 20 sports. There were 346 total medical encounters among 54 of the 94 registered athletes for a rate of 3.7 medical encounters per athlete. A total of 40 injuries were recorded (14 time loss injuries, 26 non-time loss) and 20 illnesses. This equates to 43% of athletes sustaining an injury, and 21% sustaining an illness, with a frequency of 426 injuries and 213 illnesses per 1000 registered athletes. The most commonly involved body regions for time loss injuries were the knee (21%) and ankle (12%). Time loss injuries most frequently occurred in competition (71%) and the most common type of injury was a ligament sprain (43%). The most common illnesses were respiratory (35%) and dermatological conditions (30%).
Conclusions:
The rates of injury, illness and medical encounters per athlete were greater than in previous reports of medical service provisions at youth Olympic-level sporting events.
Supported by the many technical advancements over the last 20 years, medical imaging now plays a pivotal role in diagnosis and care of athletes, as well as team officials, dignitaries, media, and spectators, at major amateur and professional sporting events worldwide. In this review, the challenges that radiologists face in planning and executing imaging and care of the patients at often multiple venues, for many client groups, usually using mobile or temporary facilities will be discussed.
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