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... 1 Con respecto a la hipodoncia, se ha reportado una prevalencia que oscila entre el 0,27 y 13,3% en dentición permanente, en estudios que generalmente excluyen a los terceros molares. 8,10 Se presenta con mayor frecuencia en la dentición permanente y en el sexo femenino, 8,11 así como en la región anterior. 8,10 El mencionado rango de prevalencia presenta variaciones según el origen étnico de la población estudiada. ...
... Es más común en el maxilar, siendo el mesiodens el supernumerario más prevalente. 2,11 Diversos estudios realizados internacionalmente han reportado que la prevalencia de dientes supernumerarios varía entre el 0,1% y 5,3%, lo cual va a depender de las características específicas de la población estudiada y de la metodología de las investigaciones. 13,14 de la Fundación Proyecto Mayū, grupo de extensión de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, en la comunidad de Kavanayén -Estado Bolívar, Venezuela en abril de 2023, por parte de 12 observadores, entre los cuales se encuentran estudiantes voluntarios y especialistas. ...
... Si bien Sanz et al. 11 , Iglesias et al. 2 ...
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Introduction: Dental anomalies result from alterations in odontogenesis, generating variations in size, shape, structure or number of teeth, being more prevalent in the permanent dentition. Objective: To describe the alterations in shape, number and eruption observed clinically in children and adolescents of the Pemón-Arekuna indigenous population of Kavanayén, Bolivar State, Venezuela. Material and methods: A descriptive field research, cross-sectional design was carried out. The data were collected in an epidemiological study during the medical-dental care activities of Fundación Proyecto Mayū in Kavanayén, Bolívar State, Venezuela, in April 2023. A total of 179 patients, 102 girls and 77 boys, aged between 7 months and 17 years, were clinically evaluated, recording the anomalies of shape, number and eruption detected. Results: Alterations in shape, number and eruption were identified in 8 patients, resulting in a prevalence of 4.47%. The prevalence of shape abnormalities was 1.12%. Likewise, the prevalence of alterations in number was 1.12% for supernumeraries and 1.12% for agenesis, as each alteration affected 2 patients. On the other hand, the prevalence of eruption alterations was 3.35%, being present in 6 of the patients. Conclusions:The clinically evaluated dental shape, number and eruption alterations presented moderate prevalence in the Pemón-Arekuna indigenous population of Kavanayén. The present study did not have radiographic information, so the results underline the importance of future research to clarify and enrich the understanding of these dental anomalies in specific contexts.
... Asimismo, la concresencia se refiere a una condición en la que dos dientes adyacentes, por lo general dos dientes molares, están unidos o fusionados por sus raíces a nivel de la dentina o cemento dental. A diferencia de la fusión dental, donde dos dientes se unen durante su desarrollo, la concrescencia ocurre después de que los dientes hayan completado su formación y erupcionado en la boca (Sanz, Pérez, & Barbería, 2014). ...
... The teeth of both dental arches are uniformly smaller than normal, which occurs in rare disorders such as hypophyseal dwarfism, where this dental pathology is called true generalized microdontia (Fig. 2) to differentiate it from relative generalized microdontia, where the maxilla are larger than normal, giving a false impression of small teeth. Other syndromes that can present microdontia are: Down syndrome, hemifacial microsomia and hereditary anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (Sanz Coarasa et al., 2012). ...
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There are 76 dentistry terms used in the Terminologia Anatomica, which is a very small number for the existing nomenclature, which uses many terms with Greek roots and eponyms. The aim of this study was to propose terms in Latin and their respective translations into English and Spanish for macrodontia, microdontia and their classifications. We conducted a review of the Terminologia Anatomica and the literature in articles and texts. Then, we translated both terms etymologically from the Greek to obtain our proposal in Latin, Nanismus dentarius for microdontia and Gigantismus dentarius for macrodontia and their subsequent translations into English and Spanish. We consider it necessary to eliminate relative generalized size anomalies as they are an alteration in the size of the dental arches and not the dental structure itself. We can conclude that there are still many terms that are incorrectly named according to etymology and language, which is why further analysis is needed to make changes and with them a real contribution to morphological sciences.
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Introducción: Los dientes supernumerarios, son reconocidos como una patología derivada de una desviación embriológica del órgano dentario, su etiología se debe a la hiperactividad de la lámina dental, y la hiperplasia de otras organizaciones epiteliales, produciendo una evaginación y proliferación de la capa externa de la vaina epitelial, formando un órgano paradentario supernumerario normal o minúsculo. Objetivo: analizar detalladamente la etiología, tratamiento y características de los dientes supernumerarios. Metodología: en esta revisión bibliográfica se analiza tanto, su ubicación e identificación que llegan a ser muy complejas, en especial en las denticiones mixtas, donde es esencial su diferenciación con los elementos erupcionados y los gérmenes dentarios en desarrollo de erupción, razón por la cual la presente investigación se enfocara en analizar causas y tratamientos en la alteración del desarrollo de dientes supernumerarios, anomalía que afecta a su funcionalidad y estética, presentándose con una frecuencia del 90% en el maxilar superior. Conclusión: los dientes supernumerarios son una anomalía cuya etiología es incierta pero vinculado a la alteración de la odontogénesis e hiperactividad de la lámina dental, su diagnóstico requiere varias evaluaciones clínicas, radiográfica y tomográfica, depende mucho de su clasificación que incluye, ubicación, erupción, número y morfología siendo su tratamiento más común la extracción. Área de estudio general: Odontología. Área de estudio específica: Anomalías dentarias. Tipo de estudio: revisión bibliográfica.
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Introduction: Supernumerary anterior teeth are a frequent cause of alterations in the erup- tion of permanent teeth. These alterationes can be minimized if the removal of the supernumerary is done at the right moment. The objectives of this study were to evaluate alterations in permanent teeth and the influence of the age of the patient on the evolution. Material and methods: 125 pedia- tric patients who presented unerupted supernumerary anterior teeth were studied during the period 1994 - 2000. The factors analized were the patients age, characteristics of the supernumerary teeth and alterations in the eruption of permanent teeth, as well as post-surgical evolution. Results: The mean age was 9,9 years. 77% of the study population were male. In 69,6% of the cases, eruptive alte- rations in permanent teeth were seen. Of this group, after surgery, 41,4% erupted spontaneously, 11,5% erupted ectopically and 47,1% did not erupt at all. When relating the age of the patient to the failure of eruption, there was a statistically significant relationship. The patients treated before age 9, had favourable results. Conclusions: The presence of unerupted anterior supernumerary teeth is asso- ciated with eruptive alterations on permanent teeth. The age of the patient at the time of treatment influences the evolution of the permanent teeth.
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Dens in dente, also known as dens invaginatus and dilated compound odontoma, is a malformation that can occur on primary, permanent, or supernumerary teeth that is characterized by a deep invagination of the surface of a crown or root covered with enamel. This abnormality in tooth morphology generally affect the maxillary lateral incisors but several cases of multiple dens invaginatus have been reported in the literature. A 15 year-old female patient is reported here presenting five dens invaginatus: four in the permanent mandibular incisors and one in the permanent, maxillary left central incisor, additionally the following dental findings were observed: a permanent mandibular left mulberry molar, molarization of some premolars, several microdontic conoid teeth, retention of five primary teeth, absence of several permanent teeth germs, a macrodontic molar with abnormal roots and several periapical radiolucencies associated to the dens invaginatus. There was no family history of similar dental findings to those observed in the patient. There are several genes that participate in the development of teeth, of those, the following five genes could be implicated as responsible or co-participators for some of the dental anomalies present in this patient: MSX1 (Muscle segment homeobox 1), DLX1 & DLX2 (Distal-less homeobox 1 & 2 genes), PAX9 (Paired box gene) and PITX2 (Pituitary homeobox transciption factor 2).
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Concomitant presence of a supernumerary tooth in the primary dentition and another supernumerary tooth associated with permanent tooth in the same location is an uncommon condition. Presence of supernumerary tooth in the primary dentition itself is a rare phenomenon. Presented here, is the first such case of simultaneous presence of supernumerary tooth in primary and permanent maxillary lateral incisor region.
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La fusión dental es una anomalía dentaria que consiste en la unión embriológica o en fases pre-eruptivas de dos o más gérmenes dentarios adyacentes por medio de dentina con el resultado de un diente único. Se presentan siete casos clínicos de fusiones dentarias, y se revisa el diagnóstico diferencial, las formas clínicas y el plan de tratamiento.
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Differential growth of the epithelial diaphragm is needed for the formation of multiple roots in the primary and permanent dentitions. In most instances, the mandibular premolars possess a single root. It is a very unusual event to find a case of bilateral multi-rooted first and second mandibular premolars. This paper presents such a case.