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A new species of Timorichthys (Ophidiiformes: Bythitidae) from the East China Sea
Abstract
A new bythitid fish, Timorichthys angustus, is described on the basis of a single specimen (52 mm in standard length, SL) collected from the East China Sea, Japan. The genus Timorichthys Nielsen and Schwarzhans 2011 was only known from the holotype of the type species Timorichthys disjunctus Nielsen and Schwarzhans 2011 caught in the Timor Sea. The new species differs from T. disjunctus in several characters, such as the pectoral fin peduncle being much longer than its width (vs. equal in T. disjunctus), precaudal vertebrae 22 (vs. 16), total vertebrae 62 (vs. 52), long rakers on the first gill arch 14 (vs. 6), horizontal eye diameter 3.1 % SL (vs. 1.3 % SL), interorbital width 0.8 % SL (vs. 3.3 % SL), posterior mandibular pore absent (vs. present), anterior infraorbital pores 1 (vs. 3), opercular spine not covered by skin (vs. covered by skin), otolith height to thickness 2.5 (vs. 1.8), and head and body light brown in alcohol (vs. dark brown).
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A new genus and species of bathyal bythitid fish (Teleostei: Ophidiiformes) is described based on a single specimen caught at a depth of 392 m in the Timor Sea off the coast of northwestern Australia. Timorichthys disjunctus gen. nov., sp. nov. differs from all other bythitid genera by the position of the anus midway between the tip of the snout and origin of the anal fin. The joined vertical fins and the type of intromittant organ furthermore place the new genus in the subfamily Bythitinae.
An ongoing revision of the dinematichthyine fishes (Ophidiiformes, Bythitidae, Brosmophycinae) of the Indo-West Pacific based on ca. 5000 specimens will be published in parts. Part I includes 765 identified specimens in the genera Brotulinella (new genus with one new species), Diancistrus Ogilby, 1899 (with four described and 23 new species) and Paradiancistrus (new genus with two new species). The main distinguishing character in this group of presumably related genera is the male pseudoclasper pattern. Brotulinella is further characterized by the slender form and the generally higher number of precaudal vertebrae (12 versus 11 in the two other genera, except for one species with 12 in Diancistrus). Paradiancistrus is unique amongst Indo-West Pacific dinematichthyine genera in having only one instead of three lower preopercular pores. Brotulina Fowler, 1946, Calcarbrotula Fowler, 1946 and Parabrosmolus Machida, 1996, are regarded as junior synonyms of Diancistrus. The separating characters of the species are male pseudoclaspers, head squamation, head pores, otoliths, morphometric proportions, and fin ray and vertebral counts. Diancistrus, which has remained monotypic for more than 100 years, is here shown to be one of the most diverse genera of tropical reef fishes. The many unrecognised species have previously been confused with other genera such as Dinematichthys and Ogilbia. Pseudoclasper morphology is used to define three informal species groups in the genus Diancistrus.
Ophidiiform fishes of the world (order Ophidiiformes). FAO species catalogue
- J G Nielsen
- D M Cohen
- D F Markle
- C R Robins
Nielsen JG, Cohen DM, Markle DF, Robins CR (1999) Ophidiiform
fishes of the world (order Ophidiiformes). FAO species
catalogue, vol 18. FAO, Rome