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New records of Pluteus (Pluteaceae, Agaricales) from Brazil

Authors:
MYCOTAXON
Volume 96, pp. 241–252 April–June 2006
New records of Pluteus (Pluteaceae, Agaricales)
from Brazil

fwartchow@yahoo.com.br
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Micologia, CCB
Av. Prof. Nelson Chaves, s/n°, CEP: 50670-901, Recife, PE, BRAZIL

cortezvg@yahoo.com.br, coelhogb@yahoo.com.br
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica
Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP: 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, BRAZIL
Pluteus
P. aquosus, P. nigrolineatus,  P. globiger P. albostipitatus
P. beniensis

CellulodermaHispidoderma
Introduction
  Pluteus   
            
 P. cristatulus
P. fibrillosusP. leptoniaP. sensitivusP. straminellusP. velatus


Pluteus Entoloma
           

  Pluteus 

Pluteus
P. thomsonii
Pluteus

Materials and Methods






Taxonomy
Pluteus albostipitatus 
P. spilopusalbostipitatus 

  

          

              
          
          
           
           
         




   
F. Wartchow & J.C. BudkeWartchow 039
    Spilopus   Hispidoderma
       Pluteus spilopus   
           
P. albostipitatus
poliobasis
   


 P. albostipitatus 
           

         
     

Pluteus albostipitatus


P. melanopotamicus 

      Pluteus      
        P. albostipitatus 

   
 

  P. albostipitatus 


 Pluteus aquosus 
  

            




          

       



   
V.G. Cortez
Pluteus semibulbosusP. haywardii P. niveus,
P. myceniformisSemibulbosusHispidoderma
P. aquosusP. haywardii
       P. aquosus    

     P. albidus     
 P. aquosus
            
      

Pluteus aquosus
    


Pluteus aquosus



Pluteus beniensis







 
    



   
D.L. Bordignon & J.C. Budke
       Luctuosus   
EucelluloderminiCelluloderma

Pluteus luctuosus 

             
P. riograndensis
 P. rimosoaffinis 
           

Pluteus beniensis

Pluteus globiger 





  
            
          


     



Pluteus beniensis



           
        V.G. Cortez  


Pluteus globiger


Pluteus globiger     
           Globiger
 Eucellulodermini   Celluloderma   
P. globiger 
        
  P. xanthopus 

   
P. globiger
          


Pluteus globiger
          

 Pluteus nigrolineatus 
   
 






         


           
  



V.G. Cortez
Pluteus nigrolineatus
   
Nigrolineatus,  Hispidoderma       
 
 P. cyanopus 

Celluloderma
            
P. brunneisucus
 P. umbrinidiscus P. avellaneus
    
P. avellaneus
       P. avellaneus   
P. umbrinidiscus Celluloderma
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Pluteus nigrolineatus


Pluteus nigrolineatus 
           
   

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Acknowledgements
      

   
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Literature cited
Pluteus 

            
         Pluteaceae Pluteales

Agaricales

            

    Celluloderma   Pluteus     

Pluteus
PluteusPluteaceae
Agaricales



        

      Agaricale    



        






    Agaricaceae

PluteusAgaricales

Pluteus Pluteaceae, Agaricales

PluteusPluteaceae,
Agaricales

Agaricales


 Pluteus

           
          Pluteus     


InocybePluteus
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

    Agaricales        

Agaricales
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
 Pluteus 


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Pluteus thomsoniiPluteaceae
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... albostipitatus Dennis), and since then, it was also reported for several countries: Argentina (Singer 1956, 1958, Horak 1964, Bolivia (Singer 1958), Martinique (Pegler 1983), Galapagos Islands (Reid et al. 1981) and the French Guyana (Courtecuisse 1991). For Brazil, this species was already recorded from Paraná (Stijve and Meijer 1993 as P. cf. albostipitatus;Meijer 2001Meijer , 2006, Rio Grande do Sul (Wartchow et al. 2006) and São Paulo States (Pegler 1997). ...
... Moreover, the materials herein analysed have minor differences when compared to the Brazilian collections studied by Wartchow et al. (2006). They recorded P. albostipitatus with a larger pileus (50-55 mm) and basidiospores varying from subglobose to broad ellipsoid, but never globose or ellipsoid, as observed in our collections. ...
... × 8-18.4 µm, respectively], and for the pleurocystidia, there is no mention of the two short lateral prongs and either the wall is slightly thickened and not relatively thick (nearly to metuloid), as observed in our materials. Wartchow et al. (2006) did not describe, but illustrated a different shape of pleurocystidia, with round and small several finger-like protuberances at the apex. Singer (1973) described P. albostipitatus var. ...
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Ten species of Pluteus are described and illustrated from specimens recently collected at three remnants of Atlantic forest in São Paulo State, Southeast Brazil. Two new taxa are proposed: Pluteus aureovenatus and P. dominicanus var. hyalinus, as well as a new status, P. sublaevigatus to P. chrysophlebius subsp. sublaevigatus. The occurrence of P. fuligineovenosus, P. jamaicensis, and P. riberaltensis var. conquistensis represent the first records from Brazil. Pluteus albostipitatus, P. fluminensis, P. harrisii and P. xylophilus are also described and illustrated. In addition, a molecular study was performed based on parsimony analyses of nLSU and ITS + 5.8S sequences of Brazilian and other Pluteus species. The generated phylogenetic trees revealed a well-supported clade with all Pluteus species. In the nLSU analyses, it was possible to identify a clade with all species of section Pluteus and another including members of both sections Hispidoderma and Celluloderma. In the ITS + 5.8S analyses, it was possible to identify three major clades, each of them corresponding to the majority representatives of sections Celluloderma, Hispidoderma and Pluteus.
... J.E. Lange (1936: 84), P. haywardii Singer (1956: 147), P. myceniformis Murrill (1917: 137), and P. niveus Murrill (1917: 128). Pluteus aquosus, originally described from Argentina (Singer 1956) and later recorded from Brazil (Wartchow 2006), can be separated from P. lauracearum by its larger basidiomata (up to 40 mm diam.) with minutely fibrillose pileus centre that has smooth to very short-sulcate margin, white sericeous stipe base without a bulb, smaller basidiospores (5.3-6.8 × 4.7-5.7 μm) and the distinctive high-elevation habitat over 1000 m (Singer 1956, Wartchow 2006. Pluteus gracilis differs in the minutely and densely squamulose pileus covered with dirty brownish squamules especially towards the margin, the stipe that is striate and plumulose-pruinate then becoming brownish, and the mostly clavate pleurocystidia (Schulzer 1885, Lange 1936, Pearson 1938, Orton 1986). ...
... J.E. Lange (1936: 84), P. haywardii Singer (1956: 147), P. myceniformis Murrill (1917: 137), and P. niveus Murrill (1917: 128). Pluteus aquosus, originally described from Argentina (Singer 1956) and later recorded from Brazil (Wartchow 2006), can be separated from P. lauracearum by its larger basidiomata (up to 40 mm diam.) with minutely fibrillose pileus centre that has smooth to very short-sulcate margin, white sericeous stipe base without a bulb, smaller basidiospores (5.3-6.8 × 4.7-5.7 μm) and the distinctive high-elevation habitat over 1000 m (Singer 1956, Wartchow 2006. Pluteus gracilis differs in the minutely and densely squamulose pileus covered with dirty brownish squamules especially towards the margin, the stipe that is striate and plumulose-pruinate then becoming brownish, and the mostly clavate pleurocystidia (Schulzer 1885, Lange 1936, Pearson 1938, Orton 1986). ...
Article
Pluteus lauracearum, a new species of Pluteus sect. Hispidoderma, is described and illustrated based on macro- and micromorphological data and phylogenetic analyses of the nuclear rDNA sequences of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region. Morphologically, this novel species is characterized by small basidiomata having whitish to dark brown pileus colour, with finely to distinctly granulose surface, a white and translucently striate pileus margin, and mostly narrowly fusiform to lageniform pleurocystidia with long narrow necks and a distinctly subcapitate to capitate apex. This new species is described based on collections made in Turkey (Kuşadası) and Portugal (Madeira), where they were growing on well-rotten wood in thermophilic Laurus forests. Pluteus lauracearum is compared with taxa in Pluteus sect. Hispidoderma that are morphologically similar and/or phylogenetically related.
... Considering the genera with the highest number of ITS sequences recovered in this study and that also are the most OTU-rich ones (Table 3), only Pluteus (Basidiomycota) is among the list of genera of Maia et al. [62]. Based on this, Pluteus is one of the genera of fungi occurring in Brazil that has been well studied in terms of taxonomy, using both morphological and molecular data [143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161]. ...
Article
Molecular techniques using fungal DNA barcoding (ITS) and other markers have been key to identifying the biodiversity of different geographic areas, mainly in megadiverse countries. Here, we provide an overview of the fungal diversity in Brazil based on DNA markers of phylogenetic importance generated since 1996. We retrieved fungal sequences of ITS, LSU, SSU, tef1-α, β-tubulin, rpb1, rpb2, actin, chitin synthase, and ATP6 from GenBank using different field keywords that indicated their origin in Brazil. A total of 19,440 sequences were recovered. ITS is the most representative marker (11,209 sequences), with 70.1% belonging to Ascomycota, 18.6% Basidiomycota, 10.2% unidentified, 1.1% Mucoromycota, two sequences of Olpidium bornovanus (Fungi incertae sedis), one sequence of Blastocladiomycota (Allomyces arbusculus), and one sequence of Chytridiomycota (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis). Considering the sequences of all selected markers, only the phyla Cryptomycota and Entorrhizomycota were not represented. Based on ITS, using a cutoff of 98%, all sequences comprise 3047 OTUs, with the majority being Ascomycota (2088 OTUs) and Basidiomycota (681 OTUs). Previous numbers based mainly on morphological and bibliographical data revealed 5264 fungal species from Brazil, with a predominance of Basidiomycota (2741 spp.) and Ascomycota (1881 spp.). The unidentified ITS sequences not assigned to a higher taxonomic level represent 1.61% of all ITS sequences sampled and correspond to 38 unknown class-level lineages (75% cutoff). A maximum likelihood phylogeny based on LSU illustrates the fungal classes occurring in Brazil.
... Celluloderma. Pluteus globiger, with an essentially Neotropical distribution (Rodriguez et al. 1997, Singer 1959), was only reported in Brazil from the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Wartchow et al. 2006) and now it is a new record from the State of Paraná. ...
Article
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In a survey of the agarics from the western region of Paraná State, south Brazil, three new records are presented: Pluteus argentinensis is a new record from Brazil, while P. cervinus and P. globiger are new records from the State of Paraná. Descriptions and photos of both macro-and microscopic features are given, with a brief discussion on their taxonomy and distribution.
... Pluteus iguazuensis tem apenas três ocorrências, sendo que, a terceira e última foi feita em Foz do Iguaçu do lado Argentino. Nenhum outro trabalho para o Brasil reporta a espécie [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28]. Portanto, esta coleta é a primeira ocorrência para o Brasil e a quarta para a comunidade científica (Fig. 1B). ...
Article
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Introdução Os fungos, Fungi ou Eumycota [1], constituem um grupo de seres vivos com grande diversidade de formas, cores e tamanhos. A principal importância destes organismos, está na decomposição ou reciclagem dos elementos da natureza [2]. Para a sociedade, têm valor nutritivo, pois são de fácil digestão, paladar e aroma agradável, promovem o controle das taxas de colesterol e, algumas pesquisas recentes demonstram que muitos cogumelos possuem compostos anticancerígenos [3,4]. O Brasil, por ser um país tropical, é rico em diversidade de fungos. Entretanto, não são conhecidas todas as espécies, sendo necessário mais estudo e conseqüente divulgação científica. Há vários trabalhos conhecidos para o exterior, sobre fungos comestíveis [5,6,7,8,9,10], mas para o Brasil, existem apenas simples citações em trabalhos sobre cultivo ou levantamentos taxonômicos que tratam de fungos em geral [11]. No Rio Grande do Sul, vários trabalhos visam aumentar o conhecimento sobre fungos macroscópicos quanto ao cultivo, distribuição, substratos preferidos e épocas de ocorrência, sendo feitas também referências sobre sua comestibilidade [12,13,14,15]. A micodiversidade de muitas regiões ainda não foi explorada, e em Frederico Westphalen não há trabalhos de pesquisa taxonômica e nem de produtividade. Diante das necessidades, sendo a principal, a denominação dos cogumelos, é de extrema importância a pesquisa taxonômica, também para que não se confundam espécies comestíveis e tóxicas. Material e métodos A. Área de Estudo A área de estudo (27º 21' / 27º 22'S e 53º 24' / 53º 23'O) é remanescente de floresta ciliar, estacional, decidual e subtropical, com alta influência antrópica, na cidade de Frederico Westphalen, Rio grande do Sul. A área foi mapeada por Global Position System (GPS) e calculada pelo Software Idrise em 27,82 hectares com altitude de 500 a 570 metros. B. Coletas As coletas foram realizadas entre janeiro e março de 2002. Os basidiomas foram fotografados e referenciados por GPS. Dados ecológicos sobre o substrato e dados macroscópicos como medidas e cores foram registrados em uma ficha de coleta. Os espécimes foram levados ao laboratório de Morfologia Botânica da Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI)
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Four species of Pluteus Fr. are documented based on recently collected specimens from Alto Paraguay and Central Department, which correspond to the Pantanal and Humid Chaco ecoregions, respectively. Pluteus fibulatus Singer, P. longistriatus (Peck) Peck, P. petasatus (Fr.) Gillet, and P. triplocystis Singer are newly recorded species of the mycobiota of Paraguay; P. triplocystis is also a newly recorded for South America. Descriptions and photographs of both macro-and microscopic features of each species are included along with a brief discussion on their taxonomy, ecology, and distribution.
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To complement the knowledge of Pluteus in Brazil, we made a critical study of Pluteus specimens collected by one of us in the state of Paraná between 1979 and 2011. Among the total 79 collections from Paraná, 37 collections were either in bad conditions or unable to locate at MBM for identification. The remaining collections were critically investigated and assigned to 21 species: 11 of sect. Celluloderma, seven of sect. Pluteus and three of sect. Hispidoderma. Pluteus chusqueae, P. eludens, P. fusconigricans, P. homolae, P. sapiicola and P. striatocystis are reported for the first time for Brazil. Pluteus anomocystidiatus, P. crassocystidiatus and P. neochrysaegis are newly proposed. All new species were described and illustrated together with detailed comments on other species. A key is provided for all species considered.
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The re-examination of Pluteus collections from Brazil studied by P.C. Hennings and J. Rick during the early 20th century expands current Brazilian knowledge of the genus. Searches of the bibliographical and herbarium records revealed a total of 32 Pluteus names linked to specimens collected in Brazil and studied by Hennings and Rick. Of the ten species represented by Brazilian types, five types could not be located in any of the consulted herbaria and therefore must be treated as nomina dubia. None of previously published collections listed under five other names could be located. All other collections (in BPI, FH, PACA and SP) were studied for morphology. In all cases, European names originally attributed by Hennings and Rick have been found to be misapplied, and re-identifications based especially on species described from the Neotropics are suggested. Sections Pluteus and Celluloderma are represented by most collections.
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Two new species of Pluteus, P. densifibrillosus and P. puttemansii, are described and illustrated from specimens collected in two remnants of the Atlantic forest in the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Pluteus densifibrillosus is characterized by a densely fibrillose pileus with spinulose fibrils at the center and almost globose basidiospores. Pluteus puttemansii has a stipe with a grayish brown subbulbous-marginate base and a strigose basal mycelium. Pluteus densifibrillosus belongs to section Hispidoderma and P. puttemansii to section Pluteus. Pluteus longistriatus and P. umbrinoalbidus, which were collected in the same area, also are described and illustrated. Pluteus longistriatus represents a new record for Brazil.
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