... For instance, epidemiological evidence suggests that compared with dependent smokers, NNS consume a greater proportion of their tobacco while drinking alcohol (Epstein, Sher, Young, & King, 2007;Harrison, Desai, & McKee, 2008;King, McNamara, Angstadt, & Phan, 2010;McKee, Harrison, & Shi, 2010;Shiffman et al., 2014). Experimental evidence suggests a similar pattern, with NNS appearing to be particularly sensitive to alcohol's effects on cigarettes craving (King, McNamara, Conrad, & Cao, 2009;Peloquin, Hecimovic, Sardinha, Stewart, Barrett, 2013) and smoking behavior (Barrett, Campbell, Roach, Stewart, & Darredeau, 2013;King et al., 2009;McKee et al., 2010). ...