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Waste disposal in a German rock-salt mine
Abstract
A worked-out area of the operating Helibronn rock-salt mine is being used as a repository for fly-ash waste from incineration plants. The waste is packed in large bags, handled by fork-lifts, trucks, and cranes, and stacked 11-m-high. In addition insolubles from the re-saturation of brine for electrolysis using rock salt are stowed in bulk. Special care is taken to isolate waste-disposal activities from the salt mining and hoisting operations. Considerable interest is being shown in the underground disposal of waste in Germany, particularly as existing landfill sites are approaching the end of their lives and the establishment of new sites is meeting strong opposition from local populations. The problems encountered in the disposal of fly ash in salt mines are discussed.
The effect of the high salinity water on the compressive strength of mine backfill was studied. Two types of salinity water: saturated and unsaturated brines were employed to mix with mine backfill materials, and the results were compared. The one with saturated brine had high salt content of 400 g/l while the other had 200 g/l. The results showed that compressive strength decreased with increasing salt content. The mine backfill with high salt content (saturated brine) exhibited the poorest compressive strength in which its strength decreased to approximately 50-70 % of the original strength gained from the backfill samples based on water without salt. Additionally, the optimal saline water solid ratio was 0.2.
The authors try to make a general analysis of Romanian underground mining system of holes / cavities, in order to identify the real ways of reuse them after closing the mining activities. Seven types of underground mining system of holes / cavities were evaluated, for a future destination, taking into account the exploited mineral resources. In the end, examples of the reusing underground cavities are presented.
This paper reviews international experience in the field of reuse of underground mine openings. Various examples are given, including reuses as: museums, civil applications, goods storage facilities, waste disposal sites, and underground laboratories and research stations. Tables listing examples within the categories are included. The case history examples have been obtained from the technical literature, as well as from contacts within the International Tunnelling Association (ITA) and members of the International Organizing Committee of the World Mining Congress (IOC WMC).RésuméL'article passe en revue l'expérience internationale dans le domaine de la ré-utilisation des mines souterraines. Différents exemples sont donnés, en particulier sur la ré-utilisation en vue de musées, applications civiles, stockage des marchandises, stockage des déchets, laboratoires souterrains et stations de recherche. Des tableaux donnet des exemples dans les différentes catégories. Des cas concrets ont été fournis par la littérature techniques et les contacts avec l'Association Internationale des Travaux en Souterrain (AITES) et les membres du Comité Organisateur International des Congrès Mondiaux de la Mine (IOC WMC).
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