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Production and protection
Abstract
Radioprotection projects must involve the close collaboration of the
party carrying out the work or construction and the specialized party supervising
the work, the latter being concerned with the nuclear safety aspects of the
problem. In the context considered, a project can range from a new industrial
nuclear installation to work in a contaminated environment, an even elementary
modification in working conditions being included in the definition. (FR)
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Does colonisation explain differences in trade performance across developing countries? In this paper, we analyse the differential
impact of British versus French colonial legacies on the current trade of African ex-colonies. We initially find that former British colonies trade
more, on average, than do their French counterparts. This difference might be the result of the relative superiority of British
institutions. However, a core concern is the non-random selection of colonies by the British. Historians argue that with Britain,
trade preceded colonisation. Using an instrument based on colonisation history to control for this endogeneity, we find no
evidence of a systematic difference between the British and French colonial legacies with respect to trade. This finding suggests
that the apparent better performance of British ex-colonies might be instead explained by pre-colonial conditions.
The matched pairs sign test using bivariate ranked set sampling (BVRSS) is introduced and investigated. We show that this test is asymptotically more efficient than its counterpart sign test based on a bivariate simple random sample (BVSRS). The asymptotic null distribution and the efficiency of the test are derived. The Pitman asymptotic relative efficiency is used to compare the asymptotic performance of the matched pairs sign test using BVRSS versus using BVSRS. For small sample sizes, the bootstrap method is used to estimate P-values. Numerical comparisons are used to gain insight about the efficiency of the BVRSS sign test compared to the BVSRS sign test. Our numerical and theoretical results indicate that using BVRSS for the matched pairs sign test is substantially more efficient than using BVSRS. Illustration using palm trees data from sultanate of Oman is provided. Key words: Bootstrap method, bivariate ranked set sample, power of the test, P-value of the test, Pitman's relative efficiency, sign test.
In tropical countries, the palm tree is one of the most abundant and important trees. Date palm is a principal fruit grown in many regions of the world. It is abundant, locally available and effective material that could be used as an adsorbent for the removal of different pollutants from aqueous solution.
This article presents a review on the role of date palm as adsorbents in the removal of unwanted materials such as acid and basic dyes, heavy metals, and phenolic compounds. Many studies on adsorption properties of various low cost adsorbent, such as agricultural waste and activated carbons based on agricultural waste have been reported in recent years.
Studies have shown that date palm-based adsorbents are the most promising adsorbents for removing unwanted materials. No previous review is available where researchers can get an overview of the adsorption capacities of date palm-based adsorbent used for the adsorption of different pollutants. This review provides the recent literature demonstrating the usefulness of date palm biomass-based adsorbents in the adsorption of various pollutants.
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