A variety of techniques for mechanically connecting pipelines on the ocean botton and possible combinations of these techniques have increased the options available to offshore operations. A review of basic equipment covers Flexi-Forge Pipeline Connector System, Underwater Pipeline Tie-on Systems, Comector, Perma-Kupl, HydroBall/Hydrocouple, Elastallic, and Plidco Clamp-Sleeve. Information
... [Show full abstract] includes the manufacturer's name, address, and service history, equipment availability, methods of sealing and anchoring, seal testing, and mis-alignment/end gap capability. Diagrams illustrate connector components and design. (DCK)