Article

Estimation of effects of Alpha music on EEG components by time and frequency domain analysis

Authors:
To read the full-text of this research, you can request a copy directly from the authors.

Abstract

The acute central system effects of relaxation techniques have not been systematically studied. We conducted a study of the EEG patterns of 10 subjects who were given an audio stimulus of Alpha music. The EEG is acquired using BIOPAC Student Lab with suitably placed silver/silver chloride electrodes to study the effects of Alpha music on Alpha and Beta rhythms of the subjects EEG. Research shows Alpha waves are predominantly observed in healthy relaxed individuals. Since anxiety and stress are major emotional contents of human beings, the goal of this experiment is to assess the means of relaxation and concentration using Alpha music, which influence the alpha and beta rhythms significantly. For each subject, three EEG recordings were taken. One before the alpha music stimulus, one after 6 minutes of Alpha music and the last towards the end of alpha music. There was an increase in the maximum amplitudes of Alpha waves either after 6 minutes or after 12 minutes of alpha music. However, the maximum amplitude of beta waves showed a decline of up to 40% from the initial value. The standard deviation of both Alpha and Beta waves are almost stable between the mid and final recording. These results, namely, the increase in Alpha activity and decrease in Beta activity indicate that subjects experience `relaxed alertness'. Under the influence of Alpha music, subjects reported a dramatic reduction in feelings of stress and an increased sense of physical relaxation compared to normal state.

No full-text available

Request Full-text Paper PDF

To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.

... Since significant mood changes can be corroborated to music, we decided to use music as a tool to increase alpha waves in the brain and cause a relaxed state. Alpha music has been proven to cause a state of 'relaxed alertness' [4] and we wanted to see if other types of music can cause a similar effect too. So for the experiment we used 3 types of music that affected alpha waves the most. ...
... The purpose of this exercise was to increase alpha waves in the brain. This time period was chosen because there was an increase in the maximum amplitudes of alpha waves after 6 minutes of alpha music [4]. Again the MATLAB script was used to record brainwaves in this stage. ...
... Previous research [4] has concluded that dominant alpha waves in brain are ideal for learning. We observed from our experiment that 80% of participants performed better after 10 minutes of relaxation. ...
Conference Paper
Brain waves can aptly define the state of a person’s mind. High activity and attention lead to dominant beta waves while relaxation and focus lead to dominant alpha waves in the brain. Alpha state of mind is ideal for learning and memory retention. In our experiment we aim to increase alpha waves and decrease beta waves in a person with the help of music to measure improvement in memory retention. Our hypothesis is that, when a person listens to music which causes relaxation, he is more likely to attain the alpha state of mind and enhance his memory retention ability. To verify this hypothesis, we conducted an experiment on 5 participants. The participants were asked to take a similar quiz twice, under different states of mind. During the experimentation process, the brain activity of the participants was recorded and analyzed using MUSE, an off-the-shelf device for brainwave capturing and analysis.
... 26 An increase in alpha and beta wave activity is found during relaxation techniques. 27 Furthermore, beta waves dominate when focus is directed towards mental tasks and the outside world, such as during an intense conversation, playing sports, giving a speech or attending a job interview. In contrast, there was a significant difference in delta brain waves after carrying out the plant task; however; the delta wave was slightly higher during the control activity, suggesting that plant activity might affect the human brain. ...
... These results on the psychological benefits of gardening are partly consistent with those of previous studies. 27 The beneficial effects of gardening suggest an accessible, simple and cost-effective method to improve the health of older adults. The present results suggest that gardening can promote physiological and psychological relaxation by lowering blood pressure and enhancing brainwave activity in older adults. ...
Article
Full-text available
Aim Gardening has long been one of most enjoyable pastimes among older adults. Whether gardening activities contribute to the well‐being of older adults is a major question. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to clarify the psychophysiological relaxing effects of gardening activities on older adults living in modern institutional care. Methods The study participants were 40 older women aged 79.5 ± 8.09 years (mean ± SD). A cross‐over study design was used to investigate the physiological and psychological responses to environments with and without plants. Physiological evaluation was carried out using blood pressure and electroencephalography, and psychological evaluation was carried out using the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory and Semantic Differential method. Results Blood pressure was significantly lower, and changes in brainwaves were observed. Psychological responses showed that participants were more “comfortable and relaxed” after the plant task than after the control task. In addition, total anxiety levels were significantly lower after carrying out the plant task than after the control task. Conclusions Our research suggests that gardening activities might enhance physiological and psychological relaxation in older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; ••: ••–••.
... Considering that individuals may react differently to the same musical style, A previous visit was made to the scenario of the study with the objective of probing the genres and musical preferences of the participants of the research and from this to elaborate a play list's suitable for each professional [44,45]. However, the number of beats per minute (bpm), the quality of the music track (kbps), the volume (dbs), the location of the sound system (acoustics) and the preference of the professional (gender, description) besides the use of songs with noncyclical melodies, since in this type of melody, the brain is not able to predict the sound sequences, an important fact for the individual to reach a state of relaxation [44,45]. ...
... Considering that individuals may react differently to the same musical style, A previous visit was made to the scenario of the study with the objective of probing the genres and musical preferences of the participants of the research and from this to elaborate a play list's suitable for each professional [44,45]. However, the number of beats per minute (bpm), the quality of the music track (kbps), the volume (dbs), the location of the sound system (acoustics) and the preference of the professional (gender, description) besides the use of songs with noncyclical melodies, since in this type of melody, the brain is not able to predict the sound sequences, an important fact for the individual to reach a state of relaxation [44,45]. ...
Article
Full-text available
Objective: to understand the influence of music as a therapeutic assistant in reducing work stress of nursing professionals in a basic health unit. Method: it is an exploratory and descriptive research with a quantitative approach, developed with 9 nursing professionals from UBS Integrated Nova Esperança in João Pessoa, Paraíba. Data collection began after approval of the Research Ethics Committee of the Health Sciences Center of the Federal University of Paraíba, nº. 0508/16, CAAE: 58741916.6.0000.5188. Results: we identified that 33.3% of nursing professionals presented signs of stress, of the 33.3% who presented stress, 100% demonstrated to be in the resistance phase, 100% of the nursing professionals evaluated the musical strategy in a positive way. Conclusion: the musical strategy received extremely positive evaluations by the participants of the research, about 100% of professionals said that listening to music can reduce work stress.
... . Meditation is being used extensively in health care in relieving a person from stress and pain. Meditation is known for reducing heart rate and blood pressure of a person. This is practiced as a brief and practical self help stress management strategy. It also helps in the regulation of metabolism by lowering the biochemical byproducts of stress. [1][2] ...
... The SS2L electrodes and transducers which receive the signals employ sensors that allow the software to communicate with the subjects. SS2L leads having electrodes were connected to channel 1 of BIOPAC [1]. ...
Article
Full-text available
An effort was made to analyze the cerebral electrical activity of fifteen meditators by means of EEG recordings. The Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a physiological electrical signal recorded from the scalp to study the brain function. EEG is recorded before and after meditation inside and outside the pyramid.EEG after Meditation may provide an access to the mental states beyond normal consciousness. It is an attempt to score the meditation course by studying the variation in EEG parameters. Many of the previous referred papers have no indication of quantitative analysis. Our aim is to do the quantitative and qualitative analysis. We conducted a study of EEG patterns of 15 subjects who were made to meditate under pyramid. The first set of data was taken prior to meditation and the second set of data was taken after the meditation inside the pyramid.. The EEG signal consists of five bands namely, Alpha (8-12 Hz), Beta (12-30 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), Delta (0.5-4Hz) and Gamma above 30Hz. The EEG is acquired using BIOPAC Student Lab with suitably placed silver/silver chloride electrodes to study the effects of meditation on rhythms of subjects EEG.
... Furthermore, a total of five studies, including the effects of a green wall compared with a non-green wall, indoor plants in the working environment, fragrant primula flowers, gardening activity, and the greenness of an interior space, were found to raise alpha and beta waves, which reveals less mental stress (Gu et al., 2022). An increase in beta power has been observed during rest (Vijayalakshmi et al., 2010). Most of the time, strong feelings such as excitement, focus, and attention are linked to beta waves (Neuper & Pfurtscheller, 2001). ...
Article
In today's fast‐paced society, escalating work and academic pressures have led to rising stress levels. While numerous studies have explored adolescent mental health, there has been a lack of focus on “educational stress” among Chinese students. This study sought to understand the psychological and physiological effects of educational stress in Chinese university students. We studied the impact of a 5‐min nature photography session on campus compared with a control activity of photographing urban settings near campus. Data were collected using blood pressure measurements, electroencephalography (EEG), the Semantic Differential Method (SDM), and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in order to understand psychophysiological reactions. The findings from the SDM and STAI assessments indicated that students felt slightly more at ease and considerably more relaxed, had a heightened sense of naturalness, and experienced reduced anxiety after engaging in nature photography compared with urban photography. Notably, we observed that both systolic and diastolic blood pressure dropped by many values and there were noticeable EEG changes among participants. The results suggest that a brief 5‐min nature photography activity can effectively reduce mental stress in Chinese university students.
... EEG devices use brainwave activity as a form of neurophysiological marker to identify the active human brain. Normally, the brain shows electrical activity during both periods of rest and daily activities (such as thinking, observing, and physical exercise) [43]. Every human produces brainwave activity early in the morning after waking up or before going to sleep, which is an interesting observation [44]. ...
Article
Full-text available
Abstract Background Indoor, sedentary lifestyles have disconnected individuals from nature, necessitating interventions to reestablish this bond. Performing horticultural activities, such as watering houseplants, offers a potential solution. This study sought to determine how participating in horticulture activities affected adults’ cognitive and emotional moods. Methods We compared the benefits of watering houseplants (a gardening task) to those of standing while performing a computer task (a mental task). Chinese participants, aged 20 to 21 years, were recruited; their physiological and psychological reactions were measured using electroencephalograms, blood pressure assessments, and psychological assessments. Results Fifty participants were included. Watering indoor plants significantly reduced blood pressure, without affecting pulse rate. During the plant watering task as opposed to the mental activity, more dramatic different patterns of very high alpha and beta brainwave activity were identified. Participants reported increased happiness following gardening activities. Conclusions The findings of this study highlight the substantial relaxation benefits, both mental and physical, associated with the simple act of watering indoor plants
... In the control group, participants experienced a sharp increase in beta activity soon after they began touching the wood. Beta brainwaves dominate during states of alertness (Neuper and Pfurtscheller 2001), relaxation (Vijayalakshmi et al. 2010), and during highly mental activities, decreasing during states of drowsiness (Hauri 1981 during different tasks such as playing sports, during speech, and during attentive listening. Our EEG results indicated that relaxation and attention levels were higher when participants touched grass than in the control condition, consistent with the previous finding that walking in a bamboo forest increased scores for both relaxation and attention (Hassan et al. 2018c). ...
Article
Full-text available
Reducing stress associated with technology and the use of electronics is a major issue among Chinese adults. However, no studies have investigated the effect of tactile stimulation of the feet. In this study, we investigated psychophysiological techniques for controlling stress by having participants touch natural materials with the sole of the foot. The study included 90 young Chinese adults with a mean (±SD) age of 21.2 ± 2.7 years. A crossover design was used to examine psychological and physiological differences between touching grass with the sole of the foot and touching wood (control) for 10 minutes. Physiological assessments included blood pressure measurements and electroencephalog-raphy, and psychological assessments included the Semantic Differential Method (SDM) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). We observed significant decreases in sys-tolic and diastolic blood pressures in the experimental condition compared with the control condition, along with increases in alpha and beta activities. SDM results indicated that participants were moderately comfortable, very relaxed, and experienced reduced anxiety after stimulation with grass compared with after the control condition. Mean attention and relaxation scores were also significantly higher in the experimental condition than in the control condition. Thus, our results suggest that touching grass with the sole of the foot can lower psychophysiological stress in adults.
... The BIOPAC Student Lab was used in [39] to collect EEG data to determine the average level of relaxation and concentration while listening to alpha music. This research provides strong evidence that alpha music reduces stress and increases a sense of physical relaxation. ...
Article
Full-text available
Electroencephalography (EEG) is a mechanism to understand the brain’s functioning by analyzing brain electrical signals. More recently, it has been more commonly used in studies that are focused on the causation and effect of dementia. More tools are now available to gather EEG data. This brings about the challenge of understanding brain signals, which involves signal processing. Professionals with an electrical engineering background are very comfortable analyzing EEG data. Still, scientists in computer science and related fields need a source that can identify all the tools available and the process of analyzing the data. This paper deals specifically with the existing EEG data analysis tools and the processes involved in analyzing the EEG data using these tools. Furthermore, the paper goes in-depth into identifying the tools and the mechanisms of data processing techniques. In addition, it lists a set of definitions required for a better understanding of EEG data analysis, which can be challenging. The purpose of this paper is to serve as a reference for not only scientists that are new to EEG data analysis but also seasoned scientists that are looking for a specific data component in EEG and can go straight to the section of the paper that deals with the tool that they are using.
... Moreover, their relative alpha power is higher than other sessions, including task sessions, the 30-second rest sessions, and notably, the 3-minute rest session and the control music (preferred music) session. The result indicates that listening to alpha music can immediately affect the EEG power in subjects, which is consistent with previous studies involving the effect of alpha music on EEG [22]. In addition, the increase in the average relative power of all ten channels suggests that alpha music can positively enhance the alpha power on frontal, occipital, and temporal lobes. ...
Article
Full-text available
Cognition is one of the most vital brain functions, which ranges from assisting students in recalling what they have been taught to assisting us in concentrating while accomplishing chores. Nowadays, many jobs require advanced cognitive abilities, particularly among high school and university students. As a result, preserving or improving our cognitive abilities has become necessary in modern society. Alpha-wave music, which targets the brain frequency range from 8 to 12 Hz, is a promising approach to boosting cognitive performance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the immediate, short term, or long term effects of alpha wave music on the cognitive performance and brain activity of students. In an online experiment, two groups of students were recruited and randomized into control and experimental groups. The experimental group was required to listen to alpha music for two weeks (here called the intervention). Participants from both groups will have their cognitive performance assessed before, immediately after, and two weeks following the intervention. In the immediate effect experiment, another group of participants have their alpha relative power evaluated while performing different tasks. The results of the online experiment revealed that feedback from participants listening to alpha music are mostly positive, while the response time of cognitive tasks indicated an improvement trend (p<0.05). The positive potential of alpha music was also confirmed with the immediate effect study where the alpha power was higher during alpha music exposure than during the remaining sessions. In conclusion, this study provided preliminary evidence to support the implementation of alpha music intervention to improve the cognitive function of students.
... Other stimuli which also promoted high levels of relaxation such as Classical music 2 also achieved low accuracy (53.8% and 51.8% accuracy using verbal and EEG response respectively). This is expected as these stimuli were meant to promote relaxation and therefore mostly used for mediation, sleep studies etc [33]. A further observation from the results is that, in three out of the six cases, participants' EEG response performed better than their verbal response in classifying between genuine and acted emotion. ...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Music is a universal medium that can elicit strong emotion, and can significantly help us in gaining focus while doing specific tasks. However, it is unclear what types of music can help to improve focus while doing other activities. In this paper, we investigate the effects of six different music stimuli on participants’ verbal and physiological responses while identifying genuine and acted emotions from video clips. Initial analysis was conducted on the comments participants made on the different stimuli in order to identify emerging patterns. Then, participants’ verbal and EEG responses were collected, processed and analyzed to classify two types of emotion. Empirical analysis of the results show that binaural beats, which are believed to increase focus on tasks, can often cause discomfort and therefore hinder focus. On the other hand, music containing a sombre tone, or familiar popular music with high level valence can help improve focus. Identifying which music stimuli can improve focus can be highly beneficial in managing day-to-day tasks and activities. This study will also be useful in broadening the range of music stimuli used in affective computing studies.
... The aim of the first phase was to set up and validate the feasibility of a data-driven approach for design evaluation. Previous similar studies have had a large variance in the number of subjects, varying from 7 to 479 participants [38][39][40]. Larson and Carbine conducted a systematic review for the sample size used in human electrophysiology (EEG and ERP). Their findings suggested that the reporting of sample size calculations was extremely rare in current clinical human electrophysiology literature, with the sample sizes in certain studies being relatively small, ranging from 7 to 26 subjects per group [41]. ...
Article
Full-text available
To date, the predominant tools for the evaluation of built environment quality and impact have been surveys, scorecards, or verbal comments-approaches that rely upon user-reported responses. The goal of this research project is to develop, test, and validate a data-driven approach for built environment quality evaluation/validation based upon measurement of real-time emotional responses to simulated environments. This paper presents an experiment that was conducted by combining an immersive virtual environment (virtual reality) and electroencephalogram (EEG) as a tool to evaluate Pre and Post Purple Line development. More precisely, the objective was to (a) develop a data-driven approach for built environment quality evaluation and (b) understand the correlation between the built environment characters and emotional state. The preliminary validation of the proposed evaluation method identified discrepancies between traditional evaluation results and emotion response indications through EEG signals. The validation and findings have laid a foundation for further investigation of relations between people's general cognitive and emotional responses in evaluating built environment quality and characters.
... Küçük bir örneklem büyüklüğü kullanılmasına rağmen, bulgular, insanların beyin mekanizmaları benzer olduğu için genelleştirilebilir (Bercea, 2012). EEG gibi tek bir yöntemin kullanıldığı araştırmalarda örneklem sayısının 10 olduğu araştırmalara rastlanmıştır (Vijayalakshmi, Sridhar ve Khanwani, 2010). Bu araştırmada üç farklı cihazdan elde edilen veriler değerlendirileceğinden, ayrıca gerek maddi kısıtlar gerekse de halihazırda faaliyetlerine devam eden bir işletmede çok sayıda kişi ile araştırmayı yapmak mümkün olmadığından katılımcı sayısı 13 kişi ile sınırlandırılmıştır. ...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of lighting, which is one of the restaurant ambience factors, on the food choices from the menu by using neuromarketing tools. An experimental research model has been developed to contribute to the theoretical foundations of the subject. The research was conducted in a fine-dining restaurant in Istanbul with 13 volunteer participants who were chosen by using snowball sampling technique. The same menu was shown to the participants in dim light (25 lux) and bright light (250 lux) and participants were asked to choose from the menu. The research was carried out by combining the data obtained through a pioneering approach via EEG, GSR and eye tracking devices. The results obtained through the neurometric data according to the participants’ acclaim, attention, memory and evaluation scores and heat maps were supported by statistical analysis.The research is expected to provide theoretical contribution to the literature and to help businesses marketing activities.
... Furthermore, beta waves occur when the individual is alert, externally focused and relaxed [33]. An increase in alpha and beta wave activities were found during relaxation techniques [34]. Thus, we conclude that olfactory stimulation by the four different peony scents makes participants alert and relaxed, but there was no signi cant difference in this study. ...
Preprint
Full-text available
Background: The tree peony is an important ornamental plant with many cultivars and rich fragrances. The scents released from the flowers of various tree peony cultivars might impose different influences on psycho-physiological responses, which seem to be the gap in the present research. Methods: We investigated psycho-physiological responses of 80 students (23.9±2.25 years old) to the olfactory stimulation by the four types of tree peony fragrances, including the phenolic scent (PS), rose scent (RS), woody scent (WS), and lily of the valley scent (LVS). The present study assessed autonomic parameters such as heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) to determine the arousal levels of the autonomic nervous system. Psychological evaluation was carried out using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and semantic differential methods (SDM). Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded during tree peony fragrance inhalation periods compared with control conditions. Results: The students exhibited significantly higher parasympathetic nervous activities, but significantly lower sympathetic nervous activities and heart rates after inhaling tree peony fragrances. The four kinds of tree peony fragrances induced significantly less negative and more vigorous moods, and obtained better scores in subjective evaluation, especially the rose scent. Furthermore, the analysis of EEGs showed a remarkable increase in the power of low alpha (8-10 Hz), high alpha (10-12 Hz), and theta (4-7 Hz) waves. Conclusions: Our studies demonstrated that a short olfactory stimulation with the four peony scents would be not only a promising therapeutic method for improving physiological function but also an effective psychological relaxation strategy for the participants.
... This activity is seen in the posterior regions of the head. On both side, left or right brain, Alpha rhythm being higher in amplitude on the dominant side [6]. ...
... The typical waveform patterns of EEG. † Alpha is the waveform ranging from 8Hz to 12Hz [29]. It can be detected in the posterior regions of the head: higher in amplitude on the dominant side, and weaker signal on the other side. ...
Article
A body sensor network solution for personal healthcare under an indoor environment is developed. The system is capable of logging the physiological signals of human beings, tracking the orientations of human body, and monitoring the environmental attributes, which covers all necessary information for the personal healthcare in an indoor environment. The major three chapters of this dissertation contain three subsystems in this work, each corresponding to one subsystem: BioLogger, PAMS and CosNet. Each chapter covers the background and motivation of the subsystem, the related theory, the hardware/software design, and the evaluation of the prototype’s performance.
... Increase in alpha activity and beta activity is recognized as a sign of relaxation. It has also been reported that listening to music reduces stress and increases the sense of physical relaxation [17]. An increase in alpha and theta power is observed in relaxation and meditation techniques too [18][19][20][21]. ...
Article
Full-text available
Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Quran on a Persian-speaking Muslim. Volunteers listened to three different audio files (Verses from Sura 'Forqan' unconsciously; Arabic text unconsciously; Verses from Sura 'Fath' consciously). EEG signals were recorded and the changes in the relative power of theta and alpha band are considered an indicators of relaxation. The findings indicate that conscious listening to Holy Quran increases the relative theta power in most areas of the head, compared to the rest condition, and listening to Quran unconsciously increased relative theta power in the frontal and central lobes of the head significantly, compared to the rest condition. Also, listening to Quran consciously increases the relative alpha power in the frontal lobe, compared to the rest condition.
Article
Full-text available
Objective: This paper investigates the explicit and implicit factors affecting private-label (PL) products’ possible purchase decision for different retailers. Design: The study uses eyetracking and electroencephalography (EEG) to explore the differences in eye movement and brain activity for PL products. This article examines how approach motivation, measured by total fixation duration and by EEG asymmetry over the frontal hemisphere of the brain, predicts PL purchase decision. Findings:This study investigates implicit variables that can influence consumers’ willingness to PL purchase. The relatively greater left frontal activation (i.e., higher approach motivation) during the predecision period predicted an affirmative purchase decision in some cases. The eyetracking study did not reveal differences between women’s and men’s esthetics sensitivity toward the presented PL products. EEG research proved that consumers were not influenced by the PL product price. Originality/value: Literature lacks credible information on young buyers’ behavior in the context of PL products. This paper elaborates on PL perception, revealing the neural origins of the associated psychological processes.
Chapter
With the rapid development in the field of speech processing, the human speech is being analyzed from different perspectives. Now-a-days impact of external factors like music on speech are also being studied by the researchers. It is widely accepted fact that the music plays important role in refreshing the mood when we see most of the people listening to the music in train or bus to get rid of boredom. This paper deals with the relation between music & its effect on human speech based on the fact that brain (cerebrum) has control over vocal tract (speech). It is also observed that the people work efficiently while listening music to increase their alertness & concentration. By studying voice samples of fatigued persons (physically or mentally fatigued) of different age-groups, it has been observed that listening to music reduces considerably the average mean & the average standard deviation feature of the speech waveform. It has also been observed that average energy of the speech waveform gets reduced & its zero crossing rate (ZCR) gets increased.
Article
Music is referred to as language of emotions. Music induces emotion in the brain. These emotions are subject not only types of music, but also the sensitivity of the person subjected to music. Dissimilar cases of songs as relax, patriotism, happiness, romantic or sadness will induce different types of brain activities generating different EEG signals. EEG signal is applied to measure electrical activity of the brain. These EEG signal contain precious information of the different moods of subject. In this work, we proposed a mood recognition system using EEG signal of Song Induced activity. The main purpose is to analyze alpha rhythmof EEG signal related to the left hemisphere, and right hemisphere regions of the brain. We have selected 10 male subjects in the age group of 20–25. The electrodes placed on the scalp of the subject as per the International 10–20 standard. Each test was conducted for 25 min, with eye closed and each subject was asked to concentrate on the given tasks. In this study, we have created EEG dataset containing data offive mental tasks of ten different subjects. We determine the alpha rhythms in the left hemisphere are more predominant over the right hemisphere for emotions. Thuswe conclude that the left region of the brain gives more response to the emotions rather than the right region. Here we reduce the EEG database from brain region to left hemisphere. Further we reduce it to single electrode as F7 which reside in left region. The database generated in our study may be used to interface the brain with computer to mood recognition system. This will have wide varieties of applications in the future. For example, the entertainment industries may use it for composition of songs as per their effect on the brain. This study also shows that alpha power frequency carries useful information related to mood recognition. These features are separated using Linear Discriminate Analysis.
Conference Paper
Full-text available
This paper presents a conceptual of EEG analysis and classification of brainwaves signal for alpha and beta signals during Functional Electrical Stimulation, FES-assisted exercise. The characteristics of brainwave signals, data acquisition for electroencephalograph (EEG) signal and data session are identified. This paper also includes the criteria of the subject for both stroke patient and healthy person. The process of filtering the artifact and sampling the data were studied based on the established previous worked. In addition, a review on feature extraction for further classifying of brainwave signals stroke patients before and after performing FES-assisted exercised were also identified.
Article
Recently, researches on analyzing relationship between the state of emotion and musical stimuli using EEG are increasing. A selection of feature vectors is very important for the performance of EEG pattern classifiers. This paper proposes a comparison of EEG feature vectors for emotion classification according to music listening. For this, we extract some feature vectors like DAMV, IAV, LPC, LPCC from EEG signals in each class related to music listening and compare a separability of the extracted feature vectors using Bhattacharyya distance. So more effective feature vectors are recommended for emotion classification according to music listening.
Article
Longtail tuna Thunnus tonggol is a neritic species of the family Scombridae, having a confined coastal distribution to tropical and temperate waters of the Indo-Pacific region. In the present study, the population structure of longtail tuna was examined using sequence analysis of the mtDNA control region from two geographically distinct locations along the northwest coast of India. A 500 bp segment of the D-loop region was sequenced and analysed for 98 longtail tuna individuals. Analysis of population differentiation showed no significant genetic differentiation between the two sampling localities (ΦST = 0.005, P = 0.200). Results were further corroborated by a non-significant nearest-neighbour statistic (Snn= 0.489, P = 0.549). Phylogeographic analysis revealed two haplogroups, but there was no obvious phylogeographic pattern separating the samples of the two localities. The present study suggests a single panmictic population of longtail tuna in the northwest coastal waters of India.
Article
Full-text available
Classical EEG combined with spectral analysis was performed on a group of subjects during Transcendental Meditation (TM). The findings were compared with those obtained in a resting control group. 1. (1) Alpha rhythm increased in amplitude, slowed down in frequency and extended to anterior channels at the beginning of mediation. 2. (2) In a second stage, theta frequencies different from those of sleep diffused from frontal to posterior channels. They took the form of short theta periods or longer rhythmic theta trains. 3. (3) Rhythmic amplitude-modulated beta waves were present over the whole scalp in a third stage of deep meditation by advanced subjects. 4. (4) The most striking topographical alteration was the synchronisation of anterior and posterior channels. Therefore EEG records from meditators practising TM distinguish the meditative state from other states of consciousness. The combination of sequential EEG changes in relation to topographical alterations produces a particular pattern.
Chapter
One of the main concerns of brain research is to measure the brain’s electrical activity and, in this way, to try to detect the coding of behaviorally relevant information in the CNS. It is usually assumed that there is no uniform code for behaviorally relevant information in the neuronal networks that constitute the CNS. There are also no standard methods for clearly describing the functional and behavioral components of the brain’s electrical activity. Analyses of the EEG, of evoked potentials (EPs), and of endogeneous potentials (P300 family) are among the most fundamental research tools for understanding the sensory and cognitive information processing in the brain. Since Berger’s discovery of the EEG and Adrian’s measuring of cortical field potentials, these powerful techniques have been adequately described in several outstanding books (Berger 1938; Freeman 1975; Niedermeyer and Lopes da Silva 1982). The ensemble of reports in this volume shows the broad extent of applications of the EEG, of sensory EPs and event-related potentials (ERPs), and of contingent negative variation (CNV) to the understanding of CNS information processing and of behavior.
Article
The time and frequency domain characteristics of the human electroencephalogram continue to be parameters of significant interest to both research workers and clinicians alike. In nearly every analysis of the e.e.g., the question of stationarity is raised. This paper provides a brief review of the literature and presents working definitions governing the theory for evaluation of the stationarity of the e.e.g. An easily implemented stationarity-analysis method is detailed and the technique is applied to 104 clinically normal e.e.g.s. The results verify that epoch lengths used intuitively by many electroencephalographers are also appropriate from a theoretical consideration of the signal's characteristics. The method presented provides a simple and useful assessment of whether a given sample is sufficiently stationary for meaningful analysis. © 1977 International Federation for Medical & Biological Engineering.
Clinical applications of computer analysis of EEG and other neurophysiologic magnetic signals
  • F H Lopes Da Silva
  • W S Van Leeuwen