Article

Changes in the energy content of common species from Hornsund, Southwest Spitsbergen

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Abstract

During the period August 1981 to July 1982, samples of six species of Amphipoda common to Hornsund were collected, and a study of their energy value changes was carried out. Only slight fluctuations of energy values were observed throughout the year, and no distinct seasonal changes as in the case of boreal organisms. Individuals of greater body size exhibit higher energy values. The lowest energy values 10.93 kJ g−1 d.w. (SD = 3.01) and highest ash contents 29.8% (SD = 7.6) were found in small Amphipoda (e.g. Ischyrocerus anguipes), while species attaining greater body size were characterized by higher energy values and lower ash contents, for example Gammarellus homari 16.96 kJ g−1d.w. (SD = 0.50), and 22.9% (SD = 3.3%) ash.

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... Characteristics of the planktonie taxa.-Data on calorific values of selected Arctic plankton species have been presented by Omori (1969), Williams and Robins (1980), Percy and Fife (1981), Szaniawska and Wolowicz (1986), Wolowicz andWelch et al. (1992). As summarized in Table 1 these are in general accordance with our findings, performed both for particular species as well as for a random selection of size fractions. ...
... Characteristics of the planktonie taxa.-Data on calorific values of selected Arctic plankton species have been presented by Omori (1969), Williams and Robins (1980), Percy and Fife (1981), Szaniawska and Wolowicz (1986), Wolowicz andWelch et al. (1992). As summarized in Table 1 these are in general accordance with our findings, performed both for particular species as well as for a random selection of size fractions. ...
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... did not host any biological processes, neither echograms nor any information regarding the presence of acoustic scatterers in the water column during the polar night were mentioned (Hunkins et al., 1971). Starting from the late 1970s, overwintering expeditions were carried out annually at the Hornsund station at 77°N on Svalbard, Norway (Table 1). Szaniawska and Wolowicz (1986) demonstrated that the caloric value of coastal amphipods from Hornsund varied little from winter to summer, supporting the concept of active metabolism and foraging in winter. Later, Weslawski et al. (1991). Case study from Rijpfjorden on Svalbard, Norway at 80°N. The winter, defined by an ice cover and water temperatures at À1.8 °C, do ...
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... Studies on the caloric content of invertebrates from the Canadian Arctic contain 121 benthic invertebrate taxa from 11 phyla (Wacasey and Atkinson 1987), and another study evaluated five benthic crustacean species in addition to 15 pelagic invertebrates (Percy and Fife 1980). Energetic content has also been reported for about 30 taxa from the European Arctic (Svalbard), including several species that also occur in the Bering and Chukchi Seas (Szaniawska and Wolowicz 1986; Wesławski et al. 2006). Some species that also occur in the Arctic were measured for caloric content in the North Atlantic (Tyler 1973; Lawson et al. 1998). ...
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In the summer of 1981 the common flora and fauna of 28 species from Hornsund were collected, and the energy value, lipid content and global activity determined. It was found that the plants had low energy values, varying from 12.26 ± 0.42 kJ g−1 dry weight to 15.45 ±1.00kJ’dry weight. The highest values in animals were noted in Liparis liparis (Pisces) 22.15 ± 0.89 kJg−1 dry weight, and Sagitta elegans (Chae-tognatha) 20.64 ± 0.49kJg−1, the lowest being in Orchomene minuta (Amphipoda) 11.30 ± 0.74kJg−1d.w. The lipid contents in the species studied were mostly low, the mean range from lowest to highest being 1.37-8.60% for plants and 7.14–31.93% for animals, and they were proportional to the energy value. Both the energy values and lipid contents were comparable to those in similar species from other waters. The global fi activity in the organisms analysed was not high; at the same time plants had a higher content of radioactive isotopes, 1.97-61.9pCi g−1 d.w., than animals, 5.2-17.8pCi g−1 d.w.
Aspects of vertebrate feeding in the marine ecosystem in Hornsund
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in press: Seasonal changes of cnergy content of Neomysis integer Leach in Gulf of Gdansk
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