Semitica iberica: translations from Hebrew and Arabic into the medieval Romance vernaculars of the Iberian Peninsula

Full text

Charles B. Faulhaber
Department of Spanish and Portuguese
University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, CA 94720-2790
Semitica Iberica:
Translations from Hebrew and Arabic into the Medieval
Romance Vernaculars of the Iberian Peninsula*
Charles B. Faulhaber
University of California, Berkeley
My purpose is very straightforward: to examine, as a group, the texts translated from
Hebrew or Arabic into one of the medieval Romance vernaculars of the Iberian Peninsula,
Castilian, Catalan, or Portuguese, and to seek to identify their commonalities and differences.
Why these texts? What subject areas do they represent? When were they translated? Were
they translated directly from the original language into the target language, or via one or more
intermediate languages? How often are Hebrew and Arabic used as intermediating languages?
What conclusions, if any, can be drawn for our understanding of cultural and intellectual
relations among the three peoples of the book in medieval Spain?
* This is a slightly revised version of a paper given at the conference on Wine, Women and
Song: Poetry of Medieval Iberia, University of California, Berkeley, April 29, 2001. For help in
identifying the translated texts I am indebted to Adelaida Cortijo Ocaña, Ángel Sáenz Badillo,
and David Wacks.

Faulhaber
2
Until very recently a research project of this type, extremely simple in concept and
absolutely basic, would have been almost impossible, requiring an enormous amount of effort
just to locate the translations that are its object. But the existence of the PhiloBiblon database
system of the primary sources for the study of the medieval Iberian vernacular literatures, in the
broadest sense of the word, makes this almost a trivial exercise.1
The existence of this tool allows us to find data rapidly and according to a wide range of
search criteria. Similar work, based on these three corpora of medieval vernacular texts, opens
dramatic possibilities for the study of medieval literature as a social or prosopographical
phenomenon, that is, focusing on the social groups that created it as well as the ones for whom
it was created.
Before examining the data, however, some caveats are in order. In the first place, the
databases are not yet in fact exhaustive. Until very recently not much attention was paid to
translations as objects of serious study in their own right; and we still have a long way to go
before we can answer all the questions, even such a seemingly simple one as whether or not a
given text
is
a translation, an adaptation, or an original composition based on Arabic or Hebrew
sources. It is very likely that numerous texts which are in fact translations from Hebrew or Arabic
have not been so identified. It is more than probable that some of the
exiemplos
in
El conde
Lucanor
are of Arabic origin, but specific sources are wanting. Nor have we added
systematically texts which are now lost but which we can confidently surmise to have existed on
the basis of concrete references to them, like the
Tasrīf
of Abū-l Qāsim al-Zahrāwī (Abulcasis),
whose translator, Berenguer Eimeric, states that he translated it first into Catalan and then into
Latin.2 Finally, there are texts that have traditionally been assumed to be of Arabic origin, like
1
BETA
= Comp. Charles B. Faulhaber, Ángel Gómez Moreno, Angela Moll, and Antonio
Cortijo,
Bibliografía Española de Textos Antiguos
. In:
PhiloBiblon
. 1.1- (1997-)
(http://sunsite.Berkeley.EDU/PhiloBiblon/phhmbe.html).
BITAGAP
= Comp. Arthur L-F. Askins,
Harvey L. Sharrer, Aida Fernanda Dias, and Martha E. Schaffer,
Bibliografia de Textos Antigos
Galegos e Portugueses
. In:
PhiloBiblon
. 1.1- (1997-)
(http://sunsite.Berkeley.EDU/PhiloBiblon/phhmbp.html).
BITECA
= Comp. Vicenç Beltran,
Gemma Avenoza, and Beatrice Concheff (†), comps.
Bibliografia de Textos Catalans Antics
. In:
PhiloBiblon
. 1.1- (1997-) (http://sunsite.Berkeley.EDU/PhiloBiblon/phhmbi.html).
2 Lluís Cifuentes, “
Translatar sciència en romans catalanesch
. La difusió de la medicina en

Faulhaber
3
the titillating
Speculum al foderi
attributed to Albafumet
,
but on which further research is needed
in order to trace their exact filiation.3
Thus the figures for the number of translations should be understood to be minimal.
Similarly, the question of intermediate translations must be treated with caution. To what extent
do texts which entered Spain from other languages via Hebrew and Arabic reflect Semitic
influence? Undoubtedly some Semitic texts were translated through the intermediary of Latin
(e.g. the
Compendio de los boticarios
of Saladino da Ascoli). At that point, was the translator
from Latin aware that the text had originated in Hebrew or Arabic? Did it matter? By the same
token, the ultimate origins of many texts purportedly translated from a Hebrew or Arabic original
should in fact be traced beyond the Hebrew or Arabic to Greek, Syriac, Persian, and even
Sanskrit (e.g.,
Calila e Digna
).
Another problem is the fact that none of the three teams working on this project includes
a specialist in medieval Hebrew or Arabic. Thus it is very likely that texts of Hebrew and Arabic
origin have been overlooked through our own ignorance.
The data presented below, then, with very few exceptions, are based on existing texts
identified as having been translated from Hebrew and Arabic in the secondary literature. Thus
any conclusions are likely to be conservative, in the sense that there were undoubtedly more
translations than those discussed here. Moreover, the results for each language are not strictly
comparable because the corpora on which they are based are not comparable. The Portuguese
corpus of 9089 texts includes all of the lyric poetry and large numbers of royal ordinances; the
Catalan corpus of 4104 texts includes most of the lyric poetry; the Castilian corpus of 3244 texts
still omits most of the lyric poetry.4 In addition, the three teams working on the databases have
not been overly preoccupied with harmonizing their results, which has made comparison more
difficult. In some cases it is impossible to know whether in fact one is dealing with the same text
in two or more of the bibliographies because the original title is not indicated. Finally, another
problem or, perhaps better, condition is that almost by definition we are talking about the culture
of the lettered elite. The rich oral literature of medieval Iberia is an (almost) closed book.
All of this has some very palpable consequences. Before looking at the specific texts
Català a la baixa edat mitjana i el renaixement”,
Llengua & Literatura
VIII (1997), 7-42 (p. 17).
3 Cifuentes, 21.
4 All figures represent the state of the various databases as of October, 2003.

Faulhaber
4
translated from Semitic languages, however, let me put them within the broader context of the
entire corpus of translations into the medieval peninsular languages: The Portuguese corpus
contains 1021 translations, 11% of its total of 9089 texts. The Catalan corpus contains 514
translations, 12.5% of 4104 texts. The Castilian corpus contains 924 translations, 28.5% of 3244
texts. It is certain, however, that the proportion of translations into Castilian will be comparable
to the Catalan and Portuguese figures once the lyric poetry is included.
There are a total of 141 translations from Arabic and Hebrew into Castilian.These data
lend themselves to a number of observations when compared to the three translation corpora.
What stands out immediately is the enormous preponderance of translations from Latin: 923
into Portuguese (90.4% of 1017 translations), 647 into Castilian (70% of 9924 translations), and
410 into Catalan (79.8% of 507 translations).5
In contrast, the number of texts translated from Hebrew and Arabic into any of the
Romance vernaculars is exiguous: 100 texts translated into Castilian, 25 from Hebrew and 76
from Arabic; 32 texts translated into Catalan, five from Hebrew and 27 from Arabic; and just nine
translated into Portuguese, three from Hebrew and six from Arabic. It should be pointed out,
however, that Hebrew and Arabic are not unique in this respect. Only 48 French texts were
translated into Castilian, and only 24 Italian ones.
What are these 141 texts translated from Hebrew and Arabic? As a first cut, they can be
broken down by subject matter. The single largest category consists of scientific texts, in the
broadest sense of the word; but their distribution is quite different in Castilian and Catalan. The
Castilian results are skewed heavily toward astronomical and astrological texts because of the
efforts of Alfonso the Learned (1252-84), who commissioned the translations (or composition
based on Arabic sources) of some twenty texts from Arabic, known collectively as the
Libros del
saber de astrología
(7.1-7.20).6 A precursor to that large-scale effort was the translation, dated
March 12, 1254, of `Alī ibn Abī al-Rijāl's
Judicios de las estrellas
, as well as XXX. Samsó argues
cogently that this burst of activity corresponds to the discovery of the Arabic texts in question in
Cordova and Seville after their reconquest in 1236 and 1248 respectively.7 After this early effort
5 See Table 1 below.
6 Numbers in boldface are keyed to the Appendix.
7 Julio Samsó, ‘Traducciones científicas arabo-romances en la Península Ibérica’, in
Actes del
VII Congrés de l'Associació Hispánica de Literatura Medieval (Castelló de la Plana, 22-26 de

Faulhaber
5
we find nothing until an anonymous text called
Alcabienis
, translated before 1432; and three
texts by Māshā'allāh, found in a manuscript dated 1521.
The same 1432 manuscript contains five astronomical and astrological texts by the 12th-
c. Jewish savant Abraham ibn Ezra, while two more translations of his works are found in
another 15th-c. MS. Abraham Zacuto's
Ha-ḥibbūr ha-gadol
was translated at Salamanca in
1481 as the
Compilación magna
; eleven years later the author would be exiled to Portugal.
There are five astronomical texts in Catalan, an anonymous Arabic
Almanach
based on
al-Zarqālī (Azarquiel) but translated from a Latin version of 1307, three texts by Jacob ben
David Bonjorn, and a
Llibre dels judicis de les estrelles
of Abraham ibn Ezra. There are but two
astronomical texts in Portuguese, another
Almanaque perduravel
, also from the the Latin
translation of al-Zarqāli of 1307 and translated around 1321 in Coimbra, and a translation, via
the Castilian version, of the
Livro Cumprido nos Juízos das Estrelas
.
There are twelve medical texts, including Hippocrates'
Prognostica
, from the version of
Constantinus Africanus, and Isḥāq ibn Sūlaymān al-'Isrā'īli's
Tratado de las fiebres
, both
translated into Castilian. The same author's
De la coneixença de les orines
was translated into
Catalan after 1392. Also translated into Catalan were Ibn Sīnā's
Canon
, Ibn Wāfid's
Llibre de les
medicines particulars
, Galen's
Letters on the Cure of Diseases of the Eye,
and Ḥunayn ibn
Isḥāq al-`Ibādī's
Isagoge
, or introduction to Greek medicine.
Other subjects treated are veterinary medicine, particularly for birds of prey, such as the
spectacular mid-13th-c. MS of al-Bayzār's
Kitāb al-Jawāriḥ
(
Libro de los animales de caza
);
agriculture, with treatises by Ibn Bassāl and pseudo-Ibn Wāfid, the latter translated into both
Castilian and Catalan.
Only slightly less numerous than the scientific texts are those that are moral, religious, or
philosophical in nature. The earliest of these are the 13th-c. translations of the Old Testament,
probably commissioned by Alfonso the Learned. Perhaps the oldest of these is the translation of
the Psalms attributed to Hermannus Alemannus, or Herman the German. There are at least two
other 13th-c. versions, one from the 14th century, and two from the 15th century, including the
Biblia de Alba
, a profusely illuminated version translated between 1422 and 1432 by Rabbi
Moses Arragel of Guadalajara. There is at least one partial version, a 15th-c.
History of the
setembre de 1997)
, ed. Santiago Fortuño Llorens and Tomás Martínez Romero (Castelló de la
Plana: Publicacions de la Universitat Jaume I, 1999), 199-231 (pp. 221-22).

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6
Macchabees
.
There are apparently no biblical texts translated from Hebrew in either Catalan or
Portuguese; but Portuguese has a late medieval translation of the
Mishna
(
Pirqei Avot
); while a
Catalan translation of the Qu=ran was known to have existed in the library of the Kings of
Aragon in 1410 but is no longer extant. There are texts in Castilian that were obviously written
for Jews, but it is not clear that they are translations. Thus MS 2015 of the library of the
University of Salamanca has a
Paraquem
(
BETA
texid 2065), to be recited from the "pascua de
Pezah hasta la pascua de Zucod," a
Libro del rey Asueros
(
BETA
texid 2066), a text called
Orahaym
or
Carrera de vidas
(
BETA
texid 2067), with instructions on how to guard the precepts
of Mosaic law, a text
De la prosperidad, felicidad y generosidad del pueblo judío
(
BETA
texid
2068).
There was a darker side as well, religious polemics, principally anti-Jewish, such as the
exchange of letters, purportedly in Arabic, between Samuel Yahūdī of Fez and Rabbi Isaac de
Subiulmesta (Isaac de Sujulmeza), starting with the former's
Epistola contra errores Judaeorum
,
supposedly written in 1078 and translated into Latin in 1339 by Alfonsus Bonihominis, bishop of
Marrakech, and thence into both Castilian and Catalan; or the
Disputation
between Abutalib the
Saracen and Samuel the Jew, over which faith should have precedence, that of the Christians,
that of the Jews, or that of the Saracens, translated into Castilian in 1458. The authenticity of
both of these disputations has been called into question; Marsmann believes them to have been
written in Latin by Alfonsus Bonihominis.8 The 14th-c.
Moreh Tzedek
or
Mostrador de justicia
of
Alfonso de Valladolid, or Abner of Burgos before he converted to Christianity, belongs to the
same tradition.
Despite, or perhaps because of, the increasingly hostile atmosphere toward the Jews in
15th-c. Spain, two of the greatest works of the Jewish speculative tradition were translated
almost simultaneously, around the middle of the century: Yehuda Halevi's
Kitāb al-Khuzārī
and
Maimonides'
Moreh Nevukhīm
, translated as
Mostrador y enseñador de los turbados
and known
in English as the
Guide of the Perplexed
.
There was a parallel current as well, also focused on ethics, but almost entirely practical
and secular in nature, the series of texts known generically as "wisdom literature" in English, or
8 Monika Marsmann,
Die Epistel des Rabbi Samuel an Rabbi Isaak. Untersuchung und Edition
,
Inaug.-Diss.--Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, (Siegen, 1971).

Faulhaber
7
"libros de sapiencia" in Spanish. In Spain this tradition goes back as far as Petrus Alfonsi at the
beginning of the 12th century; but it flourished in the 13th, particularly in Castile. Thus we have
three separate translations of the pseudo-Aristotelian
Sirr al-'asrār
, in Castilian the 13th-c.
Poridad de las poridades
, based on the western branch of the text, and the
Secreto de los
secretos
, contemporary Catalan
Secret del
secrets, and a 14th-c. Navarro-Aragonese
De
secreto secretorum
, on the eastern
.
Exactly similar in their didactic purpose are Ḥunayn ibn
Isḥāq's
Kitāb adab al-falāsifa
or
Libro de los buenos proverbios
and al-Mubaššir ibn Fātik's
Mukhtār al-ḥikām
or
Bocados de oro
, both enormously popular. Just slightly less so was the
beast fable
Kalīla wa-Dimna
, which entered Castilian directly from Arabic in the 13th c. and then
again in the late 15th-c. via Hebrew and Latin as the
Exemplario contra los engaños y peligros
del mundo
. And of course there is the
Sindibad
, or
Sendebar,
translated by order of the infante
Fadrique, son of Fernando III el Santo, in 1253. These texts soon gave rise to others based on
them, although composed in the vernacular, such as the
Flores de filosofía
or the
Llibre de
saviesa
attributed to Jaume I of Aragon, who died in 1276.
The scattering of remaining texts can be grouped under the general rubric of history or
politics. The only purely historical text is the
Akhbār mulūk al-Andalus
of Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad
ibn Mūsā al-Rāzī, or the
Crónica del moro Rasis
, translated first into Portuguese before 1315—
although that version is missing—and from Portuguese into Castilian around 1425 or 1430; and
the Bancroft manuscript that we showed you on Friday is one of the earliest ones. Finally, there
is a series of extremely interesting letters mostly exchanged between Christian and Islamic
monarchs, beginning with Abū Sa`īd's
Carta al rey de Benimerín
, addressed to Abū al-Ḥasan,
king of Morocco, before 1348, and ending with Muhammed Muley Xeque's letter to king Manuel
I of Portugal in 1498. Undoubtedly there are many more.
What are we to make of this? I find it interesting that the texts can be grouped so easily
into two large spheres, the scientific, and the religious or moral. Only one text is found in all
three languages, the
Sirr al-'asrār
(Secretum secretorum). Only five texts are found in more than
one language, the Judizios de las estrellas and the Mishna, in Castilian and Portuguese,
pseudo Ibn Wāfid's
De agricultura
in Castilian and Catalan; and the exchange of letters between
Samuel of Fez and Isaac de Subiulmesta (Isaac de Sujulmeza), also in Castilian and Catalan. It
is perhaps not surprising that there is no biblical commentary. It is surprising, at least to me, that
there is no
'adab
,( nothing of what we would call literature, no evidence of any interest in
narrative prose or lyric poetry—at least as direct translations. Don Juan Manuel, for example,

Faulhaber
8
undoubtedly drew on Arabic texts in El conde Lucanor, at least indirectly, but it has proven
impossible to trace direct translations. As Juan Vernet points out, "La relación de la narrativa
árabe con la occidental es fácilmente detectable en lo que se refiere a la temática y más
compleja cuando afecta a la estructura o cuadros del relato."9 Where there are direct
translations (e.g.,
Calila e Digna
or
Sendebar
), they have an evident didactic function.
If we look briefly at the texts translated from Latin, as I did in a paper published several
years ago, we shall see that almost two-thirds of the texts are religious in nature, ranging from
the sacred texts to liturgical works, devotional works, saints' lives. There is a coincidence in
moral philosophy, for example, the
De regimine principum
tradition.
Chronologically speaking, we see scientific texts translated in the second half of the
thirteenth century, and then again in the second half of the fifteenth century, due primarily to the
influence of the universities. The ethical texts also profited from the burst of activity in the
second half of the 13th century but tapered off rapidly after that. For the religious texts there
seem to be two countervailing tendencies: an early flourishing of biblical translations, and a
gradually intensifying level of polemical literature that led, especially after the pogroms of 1391
incited by the preaching of St. Vincent Ferrer, to an ever-increasing number of converts from
Judaism to Christianity, and increasing pressure on the Jews who remained true to the faith of
their fathers. At the same time certain members of the great noble families encouraged the
translation of works by Jewish authors. More research is needed on religious factionalism in
15th-c. Spain. Of the 141 texts listed here, XXXX remain unidentified. They are assumed to be
translations, but the original texts have not been located. In fact they may be free versions or
even texts originally written in Spanish on the basis of Hebrew or Arabic source materials. Each
of these "unidentified" texts is worthy of, at least, a transcription in order to make it available to
the scholarly world and, preferably, a monographic study.
Absent such studies, further conclusions can only be tentative; but it is obvious that a
topic like this one needs to draw together bits and pieces of evidence from scattered sources.
What can we learn from medieval library inventories? What about source studies? What about
the reverse trend? What texts were translated from Catalan, Portuguese, or Castilian into
Hebrew and Arabic? Of which texts are there aljamiado versions? (19 in BETA). Does it help to
think of prestige vs. non-prestige languages? And once we get past these more-or-less external
9 Juan Vernet,
Lo que Europa debe al Islam de España
(Barcelona: El Acantilado, 1999), 453.

Faulhaber
9
considerations, how should we evaluate the translations themselves? What can they tell us of
medieval translation practice? Do the translators work ad sensum or ad verbum? Are there
metacritical commentaries on the translation process itself?
In short, there are a lot more questions than answers.
References
Alvar, Carlos. "Textos científicos traducidos al castellano durante la Edad Media."
Convergences médiévales. Épopée, lyrique, roman. Mélanges offerts à Madeleine
Tyssens
, 25-47. Ed. Nadine Henrard, Paola Moreno, Martine Thiry-Stassin. Brussels: De
Boeck Université, 2001.
Bizzarri, Hugo O. "Difusión y abandono del Secretum secretorum en la tradición sapiencial
castellana de los siglos XIII y XIV."
Archives d'Histoire doctrinale et littérarie du Moyen
Age
63 (1996): 95-137.
Faulhaber, Charles B. "Sobre la cultura ibérica medieval: Las lenguas vernáculas y la
traducción."
Actas del VI Congreso Internacional de la Asociación Hispánica de
Literatura Medieval
, 587-97. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, 1997.
Riera i Sans, Jaume.
Catàleg d'obres en català traduïdes en castellà durant els segles XIV i XV
.
Segon Congrès Internacional de la Llengua Catalana (1986). vol. 8. Àrea 7. Història de
la llengua. Ed. Antoni Ferrando. València: Institut de Filologia Valenciana, 1989. 699-
709.
Sangrador Gil, José. "La escuela de traductores de Toledo durante la Edad Media."
Pensamiento y circulación de las ideas en el Mediterráneo: El papel de la tradución.
Ed.
Miguel Hernando de Larramendi and Gonzalo Fernández Parrilla. Cuenca: Ediciones de
la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 1997. 25-52

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10
Table 1: Statistics concerning translations into Castilian, Catalan, and Portuguese to ca. 1500.
Castilian Catalan Portuguese
Number of texts in corpus10 3244 4104 9089
Number of translations11
924
28.5%
514
12.5%
1021
11%
from Latin
647
70%
410
79.8%
923
90.4%
from Arabic
75
8.1%
27
5.3%
6
.6%
from Hebrew
25
2.7%
5
1%
3
.3%
from Greek
48
5.2%
18
3.5%
12
1.2%
from French
48
5.2%
26
5.1%
23
2.3%
from Italian
24
2.6%
12
2.3%
3
.3%
from Castilian
13
2.6%
48
4.7%
from Catalan
65
7%
0 1
from Portuguese 6 112
from Provençal
2 9
1.7%
0
10 Data as of October 2003.
11 The total number of translations is smaller than the combined total of translations from each
language because of cases of multiple original languages or doubt as to the identity of the
original language. The number of translations from each language is expressed as a percentage
of the total number of translations.
12 Translation from Portuguese into Castilian and then back into Portuguese.

Faulhaber
11
Castilian Catalan Portuguese
from Syriac 1 0 1
from English 1 0 3

Faulhaber
12
Appendix: Translations into the Romance Vernaculars of Medieval Spain from Arabic and
Hebrew
The following list is intended to be complete, but it undoubtedly lacks texts that were
translated from Hebrew and Arabic and includes texts that were not. In addition to the
identification of the text, with its identification number (texid) in
BETA
,
BITAGAP
, or
BITECA
, the
best or most recent editions of the original, where known, are also given, although this list is
incomplete.
For most secondary literature concerning each text as well as manuscripts and editions of
the translations, see the relevant entry in
BETA
,
BITECA,
or
BITAGAP
(http://sunsite.Berkeley.EDU/PhiloBiblon/phhm.html). Please send additions or corrections to
Charles Faulhaber (cfaulhab@library.berkeley.edu). Some editions and secondary references
have also been added for more obscure or problematic texts.
The texts are arranged by target language (Castilian, Catalan, Portuguese), then by
language of origin (Arabic, Hebrew), then by subject matter, then roughly in chronological order
by date of translation, although in many cases the latter is conjectural.
Castilian: From Arabic
Scientific
Astronomy / Astrology
1.
BETA
texid 1018. Ibn Abū al-Rijāl, Abū al-Ḥasan `Alī (Ali Aben Ragel).
Kitāb al-bāri' fī aḥkām
al-nujūm (Libro conplido en los
judizios de las estrellas
). Trans. by order of Alfonso X by
Yehūdah ben Mošeh ha-Kohen, 12 March 1254.13
2.
BETA
texid 1027, 4485. al-Majrīṭī, Abū Maslāma ibn Aḥmad (pseudo)
. Ḡayāt al-ḥakīm wa-
'aḥaqq al-natījatayn bi-l-taqdīm
14
(Picatrix?, Astromagia?)
. Trans. by order of Alfonso X by
13 Abū al-Ḥaṣan `Alī Ibn Abū al-Rijāl,
El Libro Conplido En Los Iudizios De Las Estrellas
, ed.
Gerold Hilty (S. Aguirre Torre, 1954).
14 Pseudo-Majrīṭī,
Das Ziel des Weisen. 1. Arabischer Text
, ed. Hellmut Ritter, Studien der
Bibliothek Warburg 12 (Leipzig: B.G. Teubner, 1933).

Faulhaber
13
Yehūdah ben Mošeh ha-Kohen, 1256. The Castilian version was lost after the Latin version
was translated from it. Alvar and Lucía Megías contend that the
Astromagia
is not a trans. of
Picatrix
but rather an independent compilation of magical texts from Arabic sources.15
3.
BETA
texid 1022. `Ubayd 'Allāh ibn Aḥmad al-Ṭulayṭūlī?,16 Abū Marwān `Ubayd 'Allāh ibn
Khalaf al-Istījī?17 (Oveidalla, Oveidalá).
Kitāb al-ṣulūb
(
Libro de las cruzes
). Trans. by order
of Alfonso X by Yehūdah ben Mošeh ha-Kohen and Juan d'Aspa, 1256.
4.
BETA
texid 1051. al-Zarqālī, Ibrāhīm ibn Yaḥyā (Azarquiel).
Tablas de Zarquiel
. Trans. by
order of Alfonso X, 1262 - 1272.18
5. BETA texid 4190. Abū `Alī al-Haytham.
Kitāb fī hay'āt al-`ālam
(
Libro de la construcción o
constitución del Universo
,
Cosmología
). Trans. after 1270 by order of Alfonso X by Abraham
de Toledo (Abraham Alfaquí). Castilian text lost after translation into Latin.
6. BETA texid 1397. Claudius Ptolomaeus. Tetrabiblos19 (Quatripatito). Trans. by order of
Alfonso X [?] by Yehūdah ben Mošeh ha-Kohen, before 1272. The original translation is lost,
but there exists a compendium in Madrid: Nacional, MS 1866.20
7.
BETA
texid 1025.
Libros del saber de astronomía
(
Libro del saber de astrología
). Trans.
and compiled by order of Alfonso X, 1278. This text is composed of the following treatises,
some translated, others composed on the basis of Arabic sources:
7.1.
BETA
texid 2450
.
al-Ṣūfī, `Abū al-Ḥusayn.
Kitāb ṣuwār al-kawākib (Libro de la ochava
esfera,
Libro de las figuras de las estrellas fijas
,
IIII libros de las estrellas de la ochava
15 Carlos Alvar and José Manuel Lucía Megías,
Diccionario filológico de literatura medieval
española. Textos y transmisión
, Nueva Biblioteca de Erudición y Crítica 21 (Madrid: Castalia,
2002), 39-41.
16 Samsó, 205.
17 Vernet, 314.
18 Ibrāhīm ibn Yaḥyā al-Zarqālī,
al-Šakkazīyya
, ed. Roser Puig Aguillar (Barcelona: Universidad
de Barcelona Instituto "Millás Vallicrosa" de Historia de la Ciencia Árabe, 1986) (This is a work
on the astrolabe, may not be the same work as the Tablas).
19 Ptolemy,
Tetrabiblos
, ed. and trans. F. E. Robbins, Loeb Classical Library 350 (Cambridge;
London: Harvard University Press; Heinemann, 1940).
20 José S. Gil,
La escuela de traductores de Toledo y los colaboradores judíos (
Toledo: Instituto
Provincial de Investigaciones y Estudios Toledanos; Diputación Provincial, 1985), 68.

Faulhaber
14
esfera)
. Compiled or trans. by order of Alfonso X by Yehūdah ben Mošeh ha-Kohen and
Guillén Arremón d'Aspa, 1256; revised by Juan de Cremona, Juan de Messina, and
Samuel Halevi, 1276.21 Vernet claims that it is a translation of the
Kitāb al-kawākib al-
thābita al-muṣawwar
of `Abd al-Raḥmān al-Sūfī (d. 986).22
7.2.
BETA
texid 4490. Judāh (Yehuda) ben Mošē ha-Kohen and Isaac ibn Cid (Rabiçag).
Libro de las tablas alfonsíes
Composed by order of Alfonso X, 1258 – 1277. Lost text?23
7.3.
BETA
texid 3979 Qusṭā ibn Lūqā (Costa ben Lucca).
Kitāb al-`amal bi-l-kura al
-
falakīyya
(
Libro del alcora
,
Libro de la facción de la esfera y de sus figuras y de sus
obras
). Trans. by order of Alfonso X by Yehūdah ben Mošeh ha-Kohen and Juan
d'Aspa, 1259.24
7.4.
BETA
texid 3985. al-Zarqālī, Ibrāhīm ibn Yaḥyā (Azarquiel).
Kitāb al-`amal bi-l-ṣafīḥa
al-zījīya
25
(Azafea
,
Astrolabio, Libro de la açafeha
]. Trans. by order of Alfonso X by
Abraham de Toledo (Abraham Alfaquí) and Bernardo el Arábigo, after 1276.26
7.5.
BETA
texid 3987. Anonymous.
Libro del quadrante para rectificar
. Trans. by order of
Alfonso X by Isaac ibn Cid (Rabiçag), 1277
.
Possibly an original composition of Isaac.27
7.6.
BETA
texid 3978. Anonymous.
Nomina astrolabii
. Anon. trans. by order of Alfonso X,
1278.28
21 Samsó, 211.
Libros del saber de astronomia del rey D. Alfonso X de Castilla
, ed. Manuel Rico
y Sinobas, 5 vols (Madrid: 1863-1867), I, 10-148.
22 Vernet, 291; al-Ṣūfī, `Abd al-Raḥmān ibn `Umar,
Suwarul-Kawākib or (Uranometry)
(Description of the 48 Constellations) Arabic Text, with the `Urjuza of Ibn as-Sufi
(Hyderabad-
Deccan: Osmania Oriental Publications Bureau, 1954).
23 Gil, 66-67; Alvar and Lucía Megías, 38; ed. Rico y Sinobas, IV, 111-83.
24 Vernet, 294; ed. Rico y Sinobas, I, 153-208.
25 al-Zarqālī.
Al-šakkāzīyya
. Ed. Roser Puig Aguilar (Barcelona: Universidad de Barcelona.
Instituto “Millás Vallicrosa” de Historia de la Ciencia Árabe, 1986). Roser Puig Aguilar,
Los
tratados de construcción y uso de la azafea de Azarquiel
, Cuadernos de ciencias 1 (Madrid:
Instituto Hispano-Arabe de Cultura, 1987).
26 Gil, 78-80; ed. Rico y Sinobas, III, 137-237.
27 Gil, 73-74; ed. Rico y Sinobas, III, 287-316.
28 Alvar and Lucía Megías, 37.

Faulhaber
15
7.7.
BETA
texid 3980. Isaac ibn Cid (Rabiçag).
Libros del astrolabio redondo
. Composed by
order of Alfonso X, 1278
.
29
7.8.
BETA
texid 3981. Isaac ibn Cid (Rabiçag).
Libros del astrolabio llano
. Composed by
order of Alfonso X, 1278
.
30
7.9.
BETA
texid 3983. ibn Khalaf ibn Ḡālib al-'Anṣārī, Abū al-Ḥasan `Alī.
Libros de la lámina
universal
. Trans. by order of Alfonso X by Isaac ibn Cid (Rabiçag), 1278
.
31
7.10.
BETA
texid 3982. Anonymous.
Libro de cómo deben obrar con el astrolabio.
Anon.
trans. by order of Alfonso X, 1278.32
7.11.
BETA
texid 3984. Anonymous.
Libro de cómo deben obrar por instrumento
. Anon.
trans. by order of Alfonso X, 1278.33
7.12.
BETA
texid 3986. Isaac ibn Cid (Rabiçag).
Libro del ataçir
. Composed by order of
Alfonso X, 1278.34
7.13.
BETA
texid 3977. Isaac ibn Cid (Rabiçag).
Libro de las armellas (Libro de la Azafea).
Composed by order of Alfonso X, 1278
.
35
7.14.
BETA
texid 9783. Ibn al-Samḥ, Abū-l-Qāsim, and al-Zarqālī, Ibrāhīm ibn Yaḥyā
(Azarquiel).
Libro de las láminas de los siete planetas
. Trans. by order of Alfonso X,
1278.36
7.15.
BETA
texid 3988. Isaac ibn Cid (Rabiçag).
Libro del relogio de la piedra de la
sombra
. Composed by order of Alfonso X, 1278
.
37
7.16.
BETA
texid 3989. Isaac ibn Cid (Rabiçag).
Libro del relogio del agua
. Composed by
order of Alfonso X, 1278
.
38
29 Ed. Rico y Sinobas, II, 117-222.
30 Ed. Rico y Sinobas, II, 295-309.
31
Gil, 73; ed. Rico y Sinobas, III, 5-132.
32 Alvar and Lucía Megías, 37.
33 Alvar and Lucía Megías, 37.
34 Gil, 73; ed. Rico y Sinobas, II, 298-309.
35 Gil, 71; ed. Rico y Sinobas, II, 3-78.
36 Vernet, 306; ed. Rico y Sinobas, III, 241-71, 272-84.
37 Gil ,75; ed. Rico y Sinobas, IV, 5-23.
38 Gil, 75; ed. Rico y Sinobas, IV, 24-64.

Faulhaber
16
7.17.
BETA
texid 3990. Isaac ibn Cid (Rabiçag).
Libro del relogio de argent vivo
.
Composed by order of Alfonso X, 1278
.
39
7.18.
BETA
texid 3991. Samuel ha-Levī Abulafia.
Libro del relogio de la candela
.
Composed by order of Alfonso X, 1278.40
7.19.
BETA
texid 3992. Isaac ibn Cid (Rabiçag).
Libro del relogio del palacio de las oras
.
Composed by order of Alfonso X, 1278
.
41
7.20.
BETA
texid 4484. Samuel Halevi Abulafia
. Libro de la fábrica y de instrumento del
levantamiento que en arábigo se llama ataçir
. Trans. or composed by order of Alfonso
X, 1278. Lost text.42
8.
BETA
texid 1004. al-Battāni al-ḥarrānī al-ṣābi', Abū `abd 'Allāh Muḥammad ibn Jābir ibn
Sinān.
Kitāb al-zīj al-sābi'
43 (
Cánones de Albateni
). Anon. trans. by order of Alfonso X,
before 1284.
9.
BETA
texid 1050. al-Battāni al-ḥarrānī al-ṣābi', Abū `abd 'Allāh Muḥammad ibn Jābir ibn
Sinān.
Kitāb al-zīj al-sābi'
(
Tablas de Albateni)
. Anon. trans.by order of Alfonso X, before
1284.
10.
BETA
texid 4491. al-Zarqālī, Ibrāhīm ibn Yaḥyā (Azarquiel).
Almanaque.
Trans. by order of
Alfonso X, before 1284.44
11.
BETA
texid 1057. Isaac ibn Cid (Rabiçag).
Libro del cuadrante señero
. Trans. or composed
by order of Alfonso X, before 1284.
39 Gil, 75; ed. Rico y Sinobas, IV, 65-76.
40 Gil, 82; ed. Rico y Sinobas, IV, 79-97.
41 Gil, 75; ed. Rico y Sinobas, IV, 96-107.
42 Gil, 82.
43 Al-Battani sive Albatenii
Opus astronomicum
, ed. Carlo Alfonso Nallino, Publications of the
Institute for the History of Arabic-Islamic Science. Islamic mathematics and astronomy 11-13, 3
vols (Frankfurt am Main: Institute for the History of Arabic-Islamic Science at the Johann
Wolfgang Goethe University, 1997 [repr. of Milan, 1899-1907]); Al-Battani Sive Albatenii
, Opus
Astronomicum: Ad Fidem Codicis
. 3 vols. (Trent: La finestra, 2002); al-Battānī, Muḥammad ibn
Jābir.
Kitāb al-zīj al-Sabi'
, ed. Carlo Alfonso Nallino (Baghdad: Maktabat al-Muthanna, 1964
[1899]).
44 Samsó, 200.

Faulhaber
17
12.
BETA
texid 2832. `Ubayd 'Allāh ibn Aḥmad al-Ṭulayṭulī,45 Abū Marwān `Ubayd 'Allāh ibn
Khalaf al-Istījī?46 (Ouey-Dalla).
Cuestiones en los juicios de las estrellas
. Anon. trans. by
order of Alfonso X [?], before 1284 [?].
13.
BETA
texid 2833. Anonymous.
Cánones del almanaque perpetuo
. Anon. trans. from Arabic
[?] by order of Alfonso X [?], before 1284 [?]. Is this the
Almanaque
of al-Zarqālī?
14.
BETA
texid 2834. Anonymous.
Introductorio del alcabicii
. Anon. trans. from Arabic [?] by
order of Alfonso X [?], before 1284 [?]. Commentary on Alcabitius (al-Qābiṣī)?47
15.
BETA
texid 2835. Anonymous.
Siete climas de la tierra
. Anon. trans. by order of Alfonso X
[?], before 1284 [?].
16.
BETA
texid 2836. Yūsuf Abū Ḥāmid [?].
Sobre la circunferencia
. Anon. trans. from Arabic [?]
by order of Alfonso X [?], before 1284 [?].
17.
BETA
texid 2837. Anonymous.
Juicios del libro de Ali Aben Ragel
. Anon. trans. by order of
Alfonso X [?], before 1284 [?].
18.
BETA
texid 2838. Anonymous.
Tablas de las conjunciones verdaderas de la luna
. Anon.
trans. from Arabic [?] by order of Alfonso X [?], before 1284 [?].
19.
BETA
texid 2839. Anonymous.
Capítulo en saber de las lluvias
. Anon. trans. from Arabic [?]
by order of Alfonso X [?], before 1284 [?].
20.
BETA
texid 4492. Anonymous.
Almanaque
. Anon. trans. from Arabic via Latin, after 1307.
Based on al-Zarqālī, as adapted in Tortosa in 1307.48
21. BETA texid 4493. Ibn al-Kammād (fl. 1195).
al-Kawr `alā al-dawr (Sobre circunferencia de
motu)
. Anon. trans., before 1320.49
22.
BETA
texid 2846. Anonymous.
Alcabienis
. Anon. trans., before 14 September 1432.
23.
BETA
texid 1927. Māšā'allāh (Messahalla).
Liber interpretationum de interrogationibus
(
Libro de las demandas
). Anon. trans., before 3 January 1521.
45 Samsó, 205
46 Vernet, 314.
47 `Abd al-`Azīz ibn ‘Ūthmān al-Qabīṣī,
Alchabitius Cum Commento
, (P. Melchiorem Sessa,
Venice, 1512); al-Qabīṣī, `Abd al-`Azīz ibn ‘Ūthmān, et al,
Alchabitius Cum Comento
(Venice:
Joannem et Gregorius de gregoriis fratres, 1502).
48 Vernet, 211n51.
49 Vernet, 284.

Faulhaber
18
24.
BETA
texid 1928. Māšā'allāh (Messahalla).
De rebus eclipsium et de conjunctionibus
planetarum
(
Libro de conjunciones
). Anon. trans., before 3 January 1521.50
25.
BETA
texid 1933. Pseudo-Māšā'allāh (Messahalla).
Tractatus de astrolabio
(
Lectura y su
regimiento del astrolabio
). Anon. trans., before 3 January 1521. Free Spanish version.
Mathematics
26.
BETA
texid 2532. Anonymous.
Aritmética práctica.
Anon. trans., before 1500.
27.
BETA
texid 3619. Anonymous.
De aritmética.
Anon. trans., before 1500.
Zoology
28.
BETA
texid 2396. al-Bayzar, Muḥammad ibn `Abd 'Allāh ibn `Umar.
Kitāb al-jawāriḥ
(
Libro
de los animales de caza
,
Libro de las animalías que cazan
,
Libro de Moamín
,
Libro de la
montería
,
Tratado de la venación
). Trans. by Abraham de Toledo [?], 9 April 1250 [?]. There
is a Latin translation and from it Italian and French versions.51
Agriculture
29.
BETA
texid 2533. Ibn Wāfid, Abū al-Muṭarrif `Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad al-Lakhmī.
Majmū` fī al-filāḥa
(
Libro de agricultura, Suma de agricultura)
. Anon. trans., 1252-1284 [?].
30.
BETA
texid 2534. Ibn Baṣṣāl, Abū `Abd 'Allāh Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm.
Kitab al-filaḥa
52 (
al-
50 E. S. Kennedy et al.,
The Astrological History of Māshā’allāh
, Harvard Monographs in the
History of Science (Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1971) (contains editions of fragments of Arabic
texts preserved in Ibn Hibintā); Ibn Hibintā,
The Complete Book on Astrology - Al-mughnī fī
aḥkām al-nujūm
, ed. Fuat Sezgin, Facsim. ed. (Frankfurt am Main: Institute for the History of
Arabic-Islamic Science at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 1987) (edition of the Arabic
with English translation).
51 Anthony J. Cárdenas, Alfonso X, and Biblioteca Nacional (Spain), ed.
The Text and
Concordance of Biblioteca Nacional Manuscript Res. 270-217
Libro Que Es Fecho De Las
Animalias Que Caçan
,
the Book of Moamin, Microform (Madison: Hispanic Seminary of
Medieval Studies, 1987).
52 Ibn Bassāl,
Kitāb al-filaḥah /
Libro de agricultura
, ed. and trans. José María Millás Vallicrosa
and Mohamed Aziman (Tetuan: Instituto Muley El-Hasan, 1955 [repr. with preliminary study by

Faulhaber
19
Kitāb al-qaṣd wa-l-Bayyān
[title of another text by the author perhaps in the same MS],
Tratado de agricultura
). Anon. trans., after ca. 1400.
Earth sciences / Astrology
31.
BETA
texid 1019. Muhammad Abenquich et al?
Lapidario
. Trans. from Chaldean [?] to
Arabic by Abū al-`Ayš (Abolays) and to Castilian by order of Alfonso X by Yehūdah ben
Mošeh ha-Kohen and Garci Pérez, before ca. 1250.53
32.
BETA
texid 1023. Abū al-`Ayš, Timtim, Pythagoras, Yluz, Belienus, Pliny, Utarit, Ragiel,
Yacoth, Ali, Hermuz.
Libro de las formas y de las imágenes
. Trans. by order of Alfonso X,
1276-1279. Expanded version of the
Lapidario
.54
Medicine
33.
BETA
texid 1940. Pseudo-Hippocrates.
Prognostica (versio Constantini), Taqdimat al-
ma'arifa
. Anon. trans., before ca. 1500.55 Based on the version of Hunayn ibn Ishaq? 56
34.
BETA
texid 1941. Pseudo-Hippocrates.
Capsula eburnea (Ṣinā'at al-Ṭibb, Liber sapientiae,
Liber veritatis Hippocratis de istis qui laborant in agone mortis, Libro de Ypocras
). Anon.
Expiración García Sánchez and J. Esteban Hernández Bermejo (Granada: El Legado Andalusí,
1995)]).
53 Alfonso, et al.
Concordances and Texts of the Royal Scriptorium Manuscripts of Alfonso X El
Sabio's
Lapidario, Microform (Madison: Hispanic Seminar of Medieval Studies, 1978); Alfonso
X,
Lapidario Del Rey D. Alfonso X
, ed. José Fernandez Montaña (Madrid: J. Blasco, 1881);
Alfonso X, and Escorial, Real Biblioteca,
Primer Lapidario Del Rey Alfonso X El Sabio : Edición
Facsímil Del Códice H.I.15 De La Biblioteca De San Lorenzo El Real De El Escorial
. (Madrid:
Editora Internacional de Libros Antiguos EDILÁN, 1982).
54 Alvar and Lucía Megías, 27-29; Alfonso X, Libro De Las Formas Y De Las Ymagenes
:
Concordance and Text
, Microform. (Madison: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1978);
Alfonso X, Lapidario
and
Libro De Las Formas & Ymagenes, ed. Roderic C. Diman and Lynn W.
Winget, Microfiche (Madison: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1980).
55 Vernet, 244n163.
56 Hippocrates,
Kitāb Taqdīmāt al-ma`rīfah
, trans. Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq al-`Ibādī, ed. Ṣādiq
Kammunah (al-Najaf: Matba`āt al-Ḡārī, 1938).

Faulhaber
20
trans., before ca. 1500. Greek original lost.57
35.
BETA
texid 1559. Isaac Israeli (al-Isrā'īlī, Isḥāq ibn Sulaymān al-ma`rūf).
Fī al-ṣill (De
febribus
,
Tratado de las fiebres
). Anon. trans., before ca. 1500.58
Religion
36.
BETA
texid 1846. Abū Naṣr, Samū'īl ibn Yaḥyā al-Maḡribī al-Andalusī (d. ca. 1174) [?]59
(Samuel Marochitanus, Samuel Yehudi, of Fez).
Epistola contra errores Judaeorum,
Epistola Samuelis Maroccani ad Rabbi Isaacum
(
Carta que envió rabí Samuel de Israel a
Isaac de Sujumenza
). Anon. trans. via the 1339 Latin version of Alfonsus Bonihominis (OP),
bishop of Marrakech, before ca. 1410. Addressed to Rabbi Isaac de Subiulmesta. Purported
original dated ca. 1078. Marsmann suggests that both this text and the following response
were written by Bonihominis.60
37.
BETA
texid 2670. Isaac de Subiulmesta (Isaac de Sujulmeza) [?].
Respuesta que envió
rabí Isaac a Samuel, judío de Fez
. Anon. trans., before ca. 1500. Trans. from the 1339 Latin
version of Alfonsus Bonihominis (OP) [?]. Purported original dated ca. 1078.
57 Vernet, 244n163. Muschel, Jesaja,
Die Pseudohippokratische Todesprognostik Und Die
Capsula Eburnea in Hebräischer Überlieferung
(1932) [Repr. from
Sudhoffs Archiv für
Geschichte der Medizin
(Leipzig) 25 (1932): 43-60]; Hippocrates,
Risālat aI-qabrīyah
(Cawnpore: Munshi Nuval Kishur, 1881); Moses Maimonides,
In Hoc Volumine Hec
Continentur. Aphorismi Rabi Moysi. Aphorismi Jo. Damasceni. Liber Secretorum Hypocratis.
Liber Pronosticationum Secundum Lunam in Signis Et Aspectu Planetarum Hypoc. Liber Qui
Dicitur Capsula Eburnea Hypo. Liber De Elementis Sive De Humana Natura Hyp. Liber De Aëre
Et Aqua Et Regionibus Hypo
(Venice: J. Pencium, 1508).
58
Kitab al-ḥummāyāt li-Isḥaq ibn Sulaymān al-Isrā'īlī (al-maqāla al-thālitha, fī al-ṣill)
(Isaac
Judeaus, On fevers [the third discourse, On consumption]): together with an appendix
containing a facsimile of the Latin version of this discourse (Venice, 1576), ed. Haskell D. Isaacs
and John Derek Latham (Cambridge: Published for the Cambridge Middle East Centre by
Pembroke Arabic Texts, 1981).
59 Samū'īl ibn Yaḥyā al-Maḡribī al-Andalusī,
Ifhām al-yahūd
, ed. Muḥammad `Abd 'Allāh al-
Šarqāwī, (Madīnat Naṣr, [Cairo]: Dār al-Hidāyah, 1986).
60 Marsmann.

Faulhaber
21
38.
BETA
texid 2788. Yehuda Halevi.
Kitāb al-Khuzārī
(
Libro del Cuzari
). Anon. trans. from an
abbreviated version, ca. 1450.61
39.
BETA
texid 2738. Abutalib; Samuel.
Disputatio Abutalib sarraceni et Samuelis iudaei, quae
fides praecellit, christianorum, an iudeorum, an saracenorum
(
Disputación que hubieron
Abutalib moro y alfaquí y rabí Samuel judío sobre una cuestión que es cuál fe o secta
precede y es más fundada sobre mayor fundamento de verdad, la de los moros o de los
judíos o de los cristianos
). Trans. by Álvaro de Villaescusa at the request of Juan de
Villafuerte via the Latin version of Alfonsus Bonihominis (OP), 14 May 1458.
40.
BETA
texid 1889. Isaac de Nínive.
De religione seu de ordinatione animae
(
Liber de
ordinatione animae
,
Liber de accessu animae, De contemptu mundi
). Trans. by Fr.
Bernardo Boil from Syriac via Greek, Arabic, and Latin in San Cugat del Vallés, before 13
February 1484. Dedicated to Pedro Zapata (archpriest of Daroca).
Philosophy
41.
BETA
texid 2037. Maimonides, Moses (Mosheh ben Maimon) (1135-1204).
Moreh
Nevukhīm
(
Mostrador y enseñador de los turbados, Dalalāt al-hā'irīn
). Trans. by Pedro de
Toledo by order of Gómez Suárez de Figueroa (señor de Zafra) from Judeo-Arabic, in Zafra
and Seville, before 1419-09-25 – 1432-02-08. Trans. based on the original as well as on the
Hebrew version of Samuel ibn Tibbon and Yehudah al-Ḥarīzī.62
Wisdom Literature
42.
BETA
texid 1228. Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq al-`Ibādī (Johannitius), ca. 809-873.
Kitāb adab
al-falasifa
(
Libro de los buenos proverbios
). Anon. trans., before 1250. Arabic original, after
61 Yehūdah Halevi,
Sefer Ha-Kūzārī
, trans. Yehūdah ibn Tibbon, ed. Mordekhai Noigershel
(Jersusalem: Yahadūt mi-zavīt shonah, 2000); Halevi, Judah.
The Text and Concordance of
Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, Ms. 171812 [I.E. 17812] the
Book of the Kuzari: A Book of Proof
and Argument in Defense of a Despised Religion
: A 15
th
-Century Ladino Translation
, ed. Moshe
Lazar, Microform. (Madison: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1989).
62 Mosheh ben Maimon (Maimonides),
Moreh nevukhīm
, ed. Mikhael Shvarts (Tel-Aviv:
Universitat Tel-Aviv, 2002).

Faulhaber
22
ca. 840 – before December 873.63
43.
BETA
texid 1395. Pseudo-Aristotele.
Sirr al-'asrār
64
(
Poridat de las poridades
) Anon. trans.
from Greek? via Arabic, ca. 1250?, of version A (western) of the text. Arabic version by
Yahya ibn al-Batrīq. The source of the lapidary at the end is the
Libro de Alexandre
.
44.
BETA
texid 1312. Mubaššir ibn Fāṭik, Abū al-Wafā' (11th c.).
Mukhtar al-ḥikām wa-maḥāsin
al-kalīm
65
(
Bocados de oro, Bonium
). Anon. trans., ca. 1250.
45.
BETA
texid 1203. Anonymous.
Ḥikāyat tawaddud al-ḡārīya
(Historia de la doncella Teodor).
Anon. trans., ca. 1250.66
46.
BETA
texid 1080. Bidpai.
Kalīla wa-Dimna
(
Calila y Digna
). Anon. trans. from the Arabic
version of 'Abdallāh ibn al-Muqaffa', 1251.67
47.
BETA
texid 1233. Anonymous.
Sindibad
(
Libro de los engaños
,
Sendebar
,
Libro de los
engaños y asayamientos de las mujeres
]. Anon. trans. by order of Infante Fadrique, 1253.
Belongs to the eastern branch of the
Sindibad
/
Siete sabios
tradition.
48.
BETA
texid 2685. Pseudo-Aristotle.
Sirr al-'asrār
68
(
Secretum secretorum, Secreto de los
secretos
). Anon. trans. via Latin, 1250 [?] - 1275 [?] of version B (eastern) of the text. Arabic
version by Yahya ibn al- Batrīq. Translated into Latin by Philip of Tripoli.
63 Hunayn ibn Isḥāq al-`Ibādī,
Adāb al-falāsifa
, ed. `Abd al-Raḥmān Badawī (Al-Ṣafah, Kuwait:
Ma`had al-Makhṭūṭāt al-`Arabīyah, al-Munazzamah al-`Arabīyah lil-Ṭarbiyah wa-al-Thaqāfah wa-
al-`Ulūm, 1406 [1985]).
64 Pseudo-Aristotele,
Sirr al-'asrār
, ed. Sāmī Salman al-'Awār. (Beirut: Dār al-`Ulūm al-
`Arabīyah, 1995).
65 Abū al-Wafā' Mubaššir ibn Fātiq ,
Los bocados de oro
(
Mukhtār al-ḥikām wa-maḥāsin al-
kalim
, ed. `Abd al-Raḥmān Badawī (Madrid: Instituto Egipcio de Estudios Islámicos, 1958 [repr.
Beirut: al-Mū'assasah al-`arabīyah lil-dirāsāt wa-al-našr, 1980]).
66 Mohammed Ibn Brugsch.
Hikāyāt Tawaddūd al-Ḡārīya
, (Heidelberg: Groos, 1924) (“Tale of
the Clever Slave Girl” excerpted from
Alf layla wa-layla
).
67
Kalīla wa-Dimnah
, ed. `Abd al-Waḥḥāb `Aẓẓām and Ṭāhā Ḥusayn. (Cairo: Dār al-Ma`arīf,
1980).
68 Pseudo-Aristotle,
Sirr al-'asrār
, 1995.

Faulhaber
23
49.
BETA
texid 1506. Pseudo-Aristotle.
Sirr al-'asrār
69
(
De secreto secretorum
). Trans. into
Aragonese via Latin and Catalan [?] by Juan Fernández de Heredia, Grand Master of
Rhodes, 1377 - 1396. Arabic version by Yaḥyā ibn al-Baṭrīq. Trans. from version B
(eastern).
50.
BETA
texid 1314. Bidpai.
Directorium humanae vitae
(
Ejemplario contra los engaños y
peligros del mundo
,
Calila y Digna
). Anon. trans. via Hebrew and the Latin version of
Johannes de Capua, before 30 March 1493.70
Polítics
51.
BETA
texid 4224. Abū Sa`īd.
Carta al rey de Benimerín
. Anon. trans. into
Navarro-Aragonese, before September 1348 [?]; Arabic original [?], before 30 October 1340.
Addressed to Abū al-Ḥasan (king of Morocco).
52.
BETA
texid 4209. Ibn al-Khāṭib de Loja [?] (Benahatin).
Cartas a Pedro I
. Anon. trans.
Original texts, 1367 [?] – before 29 March 1369. Addressed to Pedro I. Inserted (año 18
[1367], cap. 22; año 20 [1369], cap. 3) into
Crónica de Pedro I
of Pedro López de Ayala.
53.
BETA
texid 3225. Algarraf.
Carta al rey de Fez
. Anon. trans., after 1415 [?]. Written in Arabic
[?]. Addressed to the King of Fez. Based on Abū Sa'id,
Carta al rey de Benimerín
. After the
conquest of Ceuta by the Portuguese (1415). Fictitious letter?
History
54.
BETA
texid 1400. al-Rāzī, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Mūsā.
Akhbār Mulūk al-Andalus
(
Crónica del moro Rasis
), Trans. by Pedro del Corral via Portuguese, 1425 - 1430. Trans.
into Portuguese by Gil Peres and Mahomed by order of King Dinis and with the support of
69 Pseudo-Aristotle,
Sirr al-'asrār
, 1995.
70 [Johannes de Capua],
Johannis de Capua Directorium vitae humanae; alias, Parabola
antiquorum sapientum; version latine du livre
de Kalilah et Dimnah
, ed. Joseph Derenbourg,
Bibliothèque de l’Ecole des Hautes Études. Sciences Philologiques et Historiques,72, 2 vols in 1
(Paris: F. Wievig, 1887-1889).
Deux versions hebraiques du livre Kalilah et Dimnah, la première
accompagnée d’une traduction française, pub. d’après les manuscrits de Paris et d’Oxford,
ed.
Joseph
Derenbourg, Bibliothèque de l’Ecole des Hautes Études. Sciences Philologiques et
Historiques 49 (Paris, F. Vieweg, 1881).

Faulhaber
24
Pero Anes de Portel, before 1315. Arabic original before 955.
Leisure
55.
BETA
texid 1024. Anonymous.
Libros de ajedrez, dados y tablas
. Anon. trans. by order of
Alfonso X, 1283.71
Castilian: From Hebrew
Scientific
Astronomy / Astrology
56.
BETA
texid 1920. ibn Ezra, Abraham.
Reshīt Ḥokhmah
(
Principio de sabieza
). Anon trans.,
before 14 September 1432.72
57.
BETA
texid 1921. ibn Ezra, Abraham.
Sefer ha-Te
'amim
(
De rationibus
,
Libro de las
razones
). Anon trans., before 14 September 1432.73
58.
BETA
texid 1922. Ibn Ezra, Abraham.
Sefer ha-Moladōt
(
De nativitatibus,
Libro de los
nacimientos
,
Libro de las natividades
). Anon trans., before 14 September 1432.74
59.
BETA
texid 1926. Ibn Ezra, Abraham.
Sefer ha-`Olam
(
Libro del mundo
). Anon. trans.,
before 14 September, 1432.75
60.
BETA
texid 1923. Ibn Ezra, Abraham.
Sefer ha-She
'elōt
(
Libro de las cuestiones o
demandas)
. Anon. trans., before 3 January 1521.76
61.
BETA
texid 1924. Ibn Ezra, Abraham.
Sefer ha-Me'orōt
(
Libro de los luminario)s
. Anon.
trans., before 3 January 1521.77
71 Alfonso X, Libro De Ajedrez, Dados Y Tablas:
Concordance and Text
, Microform. (Madison:
Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1978).
72 Shomo Sela,
Abraham ibn Ezra and the Rise of Medieval Hebrew Science,
Brill's Series in
Jewish Studies 32 (Leiden – Boston: Brill, 2003), 58-59.
73 Sela, 59-62.
74 Sela, 62-64.
75 Sela, 67-69.
76 Sela, 64-66.
77 Sela, 66-67.

Faulhaber
25
62.
BETA
texid 1925. Ibn Ezra, Abraham.
Sefer ha-Mivḥarīm
(
Libro de las elecciones
). Anon.
trans., before 3 January 1521.78
63.
BETA
texid 2399. Zacuto, Abraham ben Samuel.
Juicio de los eclipses
. Anon. trans. from
Hebrew [?], 1400 – 1500.
64.
BETA
texid 1956. Zacuto, Abraham ben Samuel.
Ha-ḥibbūr ha-gadol
[?] (
Influencias del
cielo
). Anon. trans., 1400 - 1500.
65.
BETA
texid 2398. Zacuto, Abraham ben Samuel.
Ha-ḥibbūr ha-gadol
(
Compilación magna
,
Almanach perpetuum celestium motuum
). Trans. into Latin by José Vizinho (Joseph
Vizinum) and thence into Castilian by Juan de Salaya, 5 December 1481.79
66.
BETA
texid 1932. Ibn Tibbon, Jacob ben Me'ir (Profeit Tibbon, Profatius Judaeus).
Declaración de las tablas del almanaque
. Anon. trans., before 3 January 1521.
67.
BETA
texid 1931. Ibn Tibbon, Jacob ben Ma`ir (Profeit Tibbon, Profatius Judaeus).
Tractatus quadrantis novi
. Anon. trans., before 3 January 1521.
Pharmacy
68.
BETA
texid 4001. Saladino Ferro (Saladino da Ascoli).
Sefer ha-rokḥim (Aromatariorum
compendium
,
Compendio de los boticarios
). Trans. by Alonso Rodríguez de Tudela via
Latin, before November 1515, probably on the basis of the ed. of Venice, 1495. Original text,
ca. 1440 - 1460.80
Religion
69.
BETA
texid 3010.
Biblia: Psalmi
(
Traslación del psalterio
). Trans. by Hermanus Alemannus
from Hebrew and Latin, after 1240 – before ca. 1272.
78 Sela, 64-66.
79 Abraham ben Samuel Zacuto,
Ḥibbūr ha-gadol
(New York, Jewish Theological Seminary, Ms.
2602, [n.p.], 1491 [Ann Arbor, Michigan: University Microfilms International, 1980. (JTS History
of Science, reel 5:16)]).
80 Saladino da Ascoli,
Saladini de Ascvlo Serenitatis principis Tarenti physici principalis
compendium aromatariorum
, ed. Leo Zimmerman (Leipzig: Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1919).
Saladino da Ascoli,
Sefer ha-rokhim
, ed. Süssmann Muntner (Tel-Aviv: Mahbarot le-Sifrut,
1953).

Faulhaber
26
70.
BETA
texid 2938.
Biblia
(
Biblia hebrea romanceada antigua
). Anon. trans., 1300 - 1400.
71.
BETA
texid 3013.
Biblia
(
Biblia romanceada judío-cristiana
). Anon. trans. from Hebrew and
Latin, 1300 - 1400. The text appears to be a revision of that of Esc. I.I.5,
Biblia hebrea
romanceada antigua.
The protocanonical books of the Old Testament were translated from
Hebrew; the deuterocanonical books and the Psalms, from the Vulgate. 81
72.
BETA
texid 3012.
Biblia
(
Biblia hebrea romanceada preferrariense
). Anon. trans.,
1300 - 1400.
73.
BETA
texid 1993. Alfonso de Valladolid.
Moreh Tzedek
(
Mostrador de justicia
). Trans. by the
author, before 1349.
74.
BETA
texid 3011.
Biblia
(
Biblia hebrea romanceada moderna
). Anon. trans., 1400 - 1500.
75.
BETA
texid 2789.
Biblia de Alba
. Trans. by Mosé Arragel de Guadalajara, 1420 - 1433.
Translated directly from Hebrew or based on an existing translation from the Vulgate?82
76.
BETA
texid 9890. Anonymous.
Megillat benei Hasmonai (Macabeos).
Anon. trans., 1350 –
1400 [?].
77.
BETA
texid 2065.
Mishna
83
(
Pirqei Avōt, Paraquem
). Anon. trans., before ca. 1500.
78.
BETA
texid 2066.
Megillat Esther
(
Libro del rey Asueros
). Anon. trans., before ca. 1500
Politics
79.
BETA
texid 1321. Alfonso González de Toledo.
Proposición a don Lope de Barrientos
sobre si los judíos pueden desempeñar cargos públicos
. Trans. from Hebrew [?], before 20
May 1469.
History
81 José Llamas,
Biblia medieval romanceada judío-cristiana, versión del Antiguo Testamento en
el siglo XIV sobre los textos hebreo y latino
, Colección ``Biblias Medievales Romanceadas'', 2
vols (Madrid: CSIC. Instituto “Francisco Suárez”, 1950-1955), I, xxv, xxxiv, lv.
82 Carlos Alvar, “Una veintena de traductores del siglo XV: Prolegómenos a un repertorio”, in
Essays on Medieval Translation in the Iberian
Peninsula, ed. Tomás Martínez Romero and
Roxana Recio, Col·lecció ‘Estudis sobre la Traducció’ 9 ([Castelló]; [Omaha]: Publicacions de la
Universitat Jaume I; Creighton University, 2001), 13-44 (p. 22).
83
Mishnah Masekhet Avōt
, ed. Tsemah Kesar (Jerusalem: Misgav, 2002).

Faulhaber
27
80.
BETA
texid 1326. Ben-Guryon ha-Kohen, Yosef [?].
Sefer Yosipon
(
Yosifón
). Anon. trans.,
ca. 1400 – 1450. Original text, ca. 900-1000, based on Flavius Josephus,
Antiquitates
Judaicum
.84
Catalan: From Arabic
Science
Astronomy / Astrology
81.
BITECA
texid 1351. Anonymous.
Almanac perpetual
. Anon. trans. from Arabic via Latin.
Based on al-Zarqālī, as adapted in Tortosa in 1307.85
Zoology
82.
BITECA
texid 1206. Theodoric de Celvia [?].
Epistola Aquilae Symachi et Theodotionis ad
Ptolomeum regem Aegypti de avibus nobilius
(
Llibre del nudriment i de la cura dels ocells
de casa)
. Anon. trans. via the Latin version of Gerard of Cremona, 1300 - 1400 [?]. Formed
part of Teodorico Borgognoni di Lucca,
Llibre de cirurgia
, 1260 - 1310.
Agriculture
83.
BITECA
texid 2333. Ibn Wāfid, `Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad (pseudo).
Majmū`at al-
filāḥah
(
De agricultura
,
Compendi d'agricultura
) Anon. trans. via Castilian by order of Pere
IV, ca. 1370.
Medicine
84.
BITECA
texid 1409. Ibn Sīnā, Abū `Alī al-Ḥusayn ibn `Abd 'Allāh (Avicenna).
al-Qānūn fī al-
ṭibb
(
Cánon)
. Anon. trans. 1300 - 1350 [?]. Perhaps the same version requested by Pere IV
from Hug de Santapau in 1386.86
85.
BITECA
texid 1020. Ibn Wāfid, `Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad (fl. 998-1067).
Kitāb al-
84
Josippon / Sefer Yosipon
, ed. David Flusser, (Jerusalem: Merkaz Zalman Šazār, 5739-41,
1978-1980).
85 Samsó, 215
86 Samsó, 218; Ibn Sīnā (Avicenna),
Al-qanūn fī al-ṭibb
, ed. Muḥammad ‘Amīn Dinnāwī (Beirut:
Manšūrāt Muḥammad `Alī Baydun, Dār al-Kutūb al-`Ilmīyah, 1999).

Faulhaber
28
adwīya al-mufrada
(
De medicina
,
Llibre de les medicines particulars
). Anon. trans.,
1300 - 1350.87
86.
BITECA
texid 3610 Ibn Zuhr, Abū Marwān `Abd al-Malik (Avenzoar).
Kitāb al-Agdīya
(Tratado de los alimentos, Remembrança de les viandes)
. Anon. trans., 1300 - 1400 [?].
Abbreviated and incomplete trans. of the original Arabic text.88
87.
BITECA
texid 1578. Hippocrates.
Aforismes
. Anon. trans. via the Arabic version of Ḥunayn
ibn Isḥāq (Johannitius), 1300 - 1400.89
88.
BITECA
texid 1473. al-Rāzī, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Zakarīya (Albubetri Arazi fill de
Zacarias).
Kitāb al-manṣūrī fi al-ṭibb (Liber Albubetri Arazi filii Zacharie, Llibre d'Almassor
)
.
Anon. trans. via the Latin trans. of Gerard of Cremona, 1300-1500.90
89.
BITECA
texid 2103. Claudius Galenus.
Lletres de Galien que trames a Coris, el mestre, en
la cura de las malalties de l'uyl
. Trans. by Joan Jacme from Arabic [?], 1350 - 1390.91
90.
BITECA
texid 2116 Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq al-`Ibādī (Johannitius), ca. 809-873.
Isagoge
(
Introducció a l'art del tigni
) Anon. trans. via Latin, 1350-1400. Introduction to Galen's
87 `Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn Wāfid,
Kitāb al-adwīya al-mufrada
= Libro de los
medicamentos simples
, ed. and trans. Luisa Fernanda Aguirre de Cárcer, Fuentes arábico-
hispanas 11 (Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Agencia Española de
Cooperación Internacional, 1995).
88 Abū Marwān `Abd al-Malik Ibn Zuhr,
Kitāb al-agdīya / Tratado de los alimentos
, ed.
Expiración García Sánchez, Fuentes arábico-hispanas 4 (Madrid: Consejo Superior de
Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Cooperación con el Mundo Árabe, 1992).
89 Cifuentes, 15n14; Hippocrates,
Aforismes: Traducció Catalana Medieval
, ed. Antònia Carré
and Francesca Llorens (Barcelona: Curial Edicions Catalanes, Publicacions de l'Abadia de
Montserrat, 2000); Hippocrates,
Al-Fuṣūl al-Ibuqraṭīya fī l-uṣūl al-ṭibbīya: The Aphorisms of
Hippocrates, Translated into Arabic by Honain Ben Ishak, Physician to the Caliph Motawukkul,
trans. Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq al-`Ibādī, ed. John Tytler (Calcutta, 1832).
90 Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Zakarīya al-Rāzī,
Kitāb al-manṣūrī
(1667), US Army Medical
Library Arabic MS 47, Microfilm, (Washington, D.C.: Army Medical Library, 1948) (Described in:
Schullian & Sommer. Cat. of Incun. & MSS., 1950, A28).
91 Ḥunayn ibn Ishāq al-`Ibādī, Kitāb al-`ašr muqālāt fī al-`ayn, ed. and trans. Max Meyerhof
(Beirut: Dār al-Ṣādir, 1996 [1928]).

Faulhaber
29
Microtechne
.92
91.
BITECA
texid 1013. al-Qūṭī, Sulaymān ibn Hārith (Alcoatí).
Oculis
(
Llibre de la figura de l'ull
).
Trans. by Joan Jacme, 1350 - 1400 [?]. Original text, ca. 1140 - 1160 [?].
92.
BITECA
texid 2115. Johannes Paulinus [?].
De corio serpentis
. Anon. trans. via Latin, before
1392. According to the prologue, Johannes Paulinus is not the author but rather the
translator. Translated into Latin in Alexandria.
93.
BITECA
texid 1595. Isaac Israeli (al-Isrā'īlī, Isḥāq ibn Sulaymān al-ma`rūf).
Kitāb al
-
bawl
(
Liber de urinis,
De la coneixença de les orines
). Anon. trans. via the 11th-c. Latin version of
Constantinus Africanus, after 1392.
94.
BITECA
texid 1010. Anonymous.
Tractat de les viandes i dels beures
. Anon. trans. via Latin,
1400 - 1440 [?].
95.
BITECA
texid. Hippocrates.
Aforismes
. Anon. trans. via the Arabic version of Ḥunayn ibn
Isḥāq (Johannitius) and the Latin version of Constantinus Africanus of the commentary of
Galen, before 1500.93
96.
BITECA
texid 4893. Claudius Galenus.
Comentari als Aforismes d'Hipocràs
. Anon. trans. via
the Latin version of Constantinus Africanus, before 1500.94
97.
BITECA
texid. Abū-l-Salt, of Denia (Albumesar).
Tractat de simples
(
Llibre de medecines
simples
)
.
Anon. trans. via the Latin version of Arnau de Vilanova, before 1500.95
Religion
98.
BITECA
texid 1594. Isaac de Nínive.
De religione seu de ordinatione animae
(
Liber de
ordinatione animae
,
Liber de accessu animae, De contemptu mundi
,
Llibre d'Ysach
). Anon.
trans. from Syriac via Greek, Arabic, and Latin [?], 1200 – 1300 [?].96
99.
BITECA
texid 1687. Ramon Llull.
Llibre de contemplació
. Written in Arabic and trans. by
92 Cifuentes, 15n12.
93 Cifuentes, 15n14; Hippocrates,
Aforismes
; Hippocrates,
al-Fuṣūl
.
94 Hippocrates,
Aforismes
; Hippocrates,
al-Fuṣūl
.
95 Cifuentes, 19.
96 Isaac of Nineveh (Isaac the Syrian),
Ysaac De Religione
(Saragossa: Juan Hurus, 1489);
Isaac of Nineveh (Isaac the Syrian),
Mayāmir Mār Ishāq
(Cairo: Abna’a; Bāba Kirlis al-Sādis,
1974) (ed. of original Syriac).

Faulhaber
30
Llull, 1273-1274 [?]
100.
BITECA
texid 2062. Abū Naṣr, Samū'īl ibn Yaḥyā al-Maḡribī al-Andalusī [?]97 (Samuel
Marochitanus, Samuel Yahūdī de Fes).
Epistola contra errores Judaeorum
(
Epistola Rabbi
Ysaach
,
Epístola a rabbi Ysaach
). Anon. trans. (via Latin version of Alfonsus Bonihominis
[OP], , bishop of Marrakech, 1339?), 1340 – 1360. Addressed to Rabbi Isaac de
Subiulmesta (Isaac de Sujulmeza). Purported original dated ca. 1078. Marsmann suggests
that both this text and the following response were written by Bonihominis.98 Lost text?
101.
BITECA
texid 1284. Isaac de Subiulmesta (Isaac de Sujulmeza) [?].
Epistola Rabbi
Samuelis
(
Resposta de Rabí Isaac a Rabí Samuel
). Anon. trans. (via Latin version of
Alfonsus Bonihominis, 1339?), 1390 – 1400. Addressed to Samuel Marochitanus (Samuel
Jahudi de Fes). Purported original dated ca. 1078.
102.
BITECA
texid 3609. Muḥammad.
Qur'ān (Alcorà).
Anon.
trans., before 1410. Lost text;
recorded in the library of King Martí in 1410.
Philosophy
103.
BITECA
texid 1008. Pseudo-Aristotle.
Kitāb al-tuffāḥa (De pomo
,
Mort d'Aristòtil
). Anon.
trans. via Hebrew and Latin, ca. 1430 – 1450. The Arabic text (9th-10th c.) was trans. into
Hebrew by Abraham ben Šemu'el ibn Ḥasday as
Sefer ha-ṭappuaḥ
at the turn of the 13th c.
and then into Latin between 1250 and 1254.99
104.
BITECA
texid 1706. al-Ḡazālī, Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Tūsī.
Lògica
d'Algatzell
. Trans. by Ramon Llull in Montpellier, 1271-1274.
Wisdom literature
105.
BITECA
texid 1265. Anonymous.
Proverbis
. Anon. trans. into Catalan and Latin from
Latin [?] and Arabic [?], 1400 - 1500 [?]. 350 proverbs.
106. BITECA texid 1848
Sirr al-
'
asrār
100 (
Secret dels secrets, Llibre del regiment dels
97 Samū'īl ibn Yaḥyā al-Maḡribī al-Andalusī, ed. al-Šarqāwī.
98 Marsmann.
99
Re'aḥ ha-tapuaḥ: be'ūr neḥmad `al
Sefer ha-tapuaḥ
le ha-filosof Aristotelos
, ed. Avraham
Menahem Mendl (Warsaw: [s.n.], 1881).
100 Pseudo-Aristotle,
Sirr al-'asrār
, 1995.

Faulhaber
31
senyors
). Anon. trans. via Latin, 1200 – 1300.
107.
BITECA
texid 1421. Anonymous.
Llibre de paraules e dits de savis e filosofs
. Trans.
Jafudà Bonsenyor, 1291 – 1298.
Catalan: From Hebrew
Science
Astronomy / Astrology
108.
BITECA
texid 2058. Bonjorn, Jacob ben David.
Regles per a la utilització de les taules
de Bonjorn
(
Regles breus
). Anon. trans., 1406. Original text, 1361.101
109.
BITECA
texid 3674. Bonjorn, Jacob ben David.
Taules astronòmiques
. Anon. trans. to
Catalan and Latin from Hebrew [?]. Original text, 1361
110.
BITECA
texid 1419. Bonjorn, Jacob ben David.
Cànons de les taules astrològiques
.
Anon. trans. from Hebrew [?]. Original text, 1361.
111.
BITECA
texid 1002. Ibn Ezra, Abraham.
Sefer
Mishpetei ha-Mazalōt [
?] (
Llibre dels
judicis de les estrelles
. Anon. trans. via Castilian [?], 1450 - before 1500. Original
composed, 1153 - 1156, in Rouen.102
Religion
101 Josep Chabàs et al.,
L'astronomia De Jacob Ben David Bonjorn
, (Barcelona: Institut
d'Estudis Catalans, 1992); Jacob ben David Bonjorn Yom Tov Poel,
Astronomical Tables
. (U of
Penn. Lawrence J. Schoenberg Collection MS s.n. [Entry URL available:
http://dewey.library.upenn.edu/sceti/ljs/PageLevel/index.cfm?option=view&ManID=ljs057,
Accessed 20 November 2003].
102 Sela, 69-74; Meir Backal and David Har'el,
Seder 12 Ha-Mazalot
(Jerusalem: Hotsa'at
Bakal, 1994) (vol. 2 contains an edition of Abraham Ibn Ezra’s
Sefer Mishpetei ha-mazalot
);
Abraham ben Me’īr Ibn Ezra,
Sefer mishpetei ha-mazalot
, Jewish Theological Seminary of
America, MS 2626, Microfilm (Ann Arbor, Mich., University Microfilms International, 1980. 1 reel.
35 mm. [JTS History of Science, reel 3:10]).

Faulhaber
32
112.
BITECA
texid 2142.
Biblia: Liber Psalmorum
(
Bíblia: Saltiri)
. Anon. trans., before ca.
1500 – 1510.
Portuguese: From Arabic
Science
Astronomy / Astrology
113.
BITAGAP
texid 9532. Anonymous.
Almanaque Perdurável
. Anon. trans. via Latin in
Coimbra, ca. 1321. Based on al-Zarqālī as adapted in Tortosa in 1307.103
114.
BITAGAP
texid 1224. Ibn Abū al-Rijāl, Abū al-Ḥasan `Alī.
Kitāb al-bāri' fi aḥkām al-nujūm
(
Livro Cumprido nos Juízos das Estrelas
). Anon. trans. via Castilian and Latin [?], 22
October 1411. Copyist: Joçef ben R. Gedalyah.
Wisdom Literature
115. texid 1043. Pseudo-Aristotle.
Sirr al-'asrār
104 (
Segredo dos Segredos
). Trans. by Infante
Henrique [?] by order of King Duarte [?] via Arabic [?] and Latin, 1401 - 1425. Arabic version
by Yaḥyā ibn al-Baṭrīq.
Politics
116.
BITAGAP
texid 7359. Moâmede Mulei Xeque.
Carta a D. Manuel
. Anon. trans., ca.
1498. Arabic original in Fez, 20 August 1498. Addressed to King Manuel I.
117.
BITAGAP
texid 7358. Moâmede Mulei Xeque.
Carta ao Conde de Borba
. Anon. trans.,
ca. 1498. Arabic original in Fez, 20 August 1498. Addressed to Vasco Coutinho.
History
118.
BITAGAP
texid 7245. al-Rāzī, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Mūsā.
Akhbār mulūk
al-Andalus
(
Crónica do Mouro Rasis
). Trans. by Gil Peres and Maomé by order of King Dinis
and with the support of Pero Anes de Portel, before 1315. Arabic original before 955. Lost
text.
103 Samsó, 215.
104 Pseudo-Aristotle,
Sirr al-'asrār
, 1995
.

Faulhaber
33
Portuguese: From Hebrew
Religion
119.
BITAGAP
texid 10125.
Haggada
. Anon. trans., 1290 – 1310.
120.
BITAGAP
texid 10124.
Haggada
. Anon. trans., 1485.
121.
BITAGAP
texid 9820.
Mishnah
105
(
Pirqei Avot, Sentença dos Padres
). Anon. trans.,
before or after 1500?
105
Mishnah
, ed. Kesar.