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Isolation and Structural Analysis of Oligosaccharides from Yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia)

Authors:
Keiichi Goto at Mitsui Norin Co., Ltd., Japan
Keiichi Goto
  • Mitsui Norin Co., Ltd., Japan
Katsuhiko Fukai
Katsuhiko Fukai
Katsuhiko Fukai
  • This person is not on ResearchGate, or hasn't claimed this research yet.
Junko Hikida
Junko Hikida
Junko Hikida
  • This person is not on ResearchGate, or hasn't claimed this research yet.
Fumio Nanjo at Shizuoka Industrial Foundation
Fumio Nanjo
  • Shizuoka Industrial Foundation
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Abstract

Oligosaccharides (from trisaccharide to decasaccharide) in yacon tuberous roots were purified by charcoal-Celite column and gel filtration chromatographies. The oligosaccharides were confirmed to be β-(2→1)fructooligosaccharides with terminal sucrose (inulin type oligofructans) by using enzymatic, 13C-NMR, and methylation analyses.
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Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry
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Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry
NII-Electronic Library Service
... Trong đó, thành phần chính của sinh khối rễ yacon là nước, chiếm trên 70% trọng lượng tươi. Rễ củ chỉ chứa 0,3-3,7% protein nhưng 70-80% chất khô bao gồm saccharide, chủ yếu là dạng fructan chiếm từ 40% đến hơn 70% trọng lượng khô, bao gồm FOS và inulin, ngoài ra một vài carbohydrate khác như sucrose, fructose và glucose chiếm khoảng 15-40% trọng lượng khô 4,17 . Rễ củ yacon còn chứa polyphenol (2.030 mg/kg) với chlorogenic acid chiếm ưu thế (48,5±12,9 mg/kg). ...
Determination of the bacteria present along with the tuberous root formation in yacon - Smallanthus sonchifolius
Article
Full-text available
  • Sep 2022
Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius), a plant traditionally grown in the Northern and Central Andes, is recently cultivated in Vietnam. The edible storage roots of yacon contain a large amount of carbohydrate during the form of indigestible fructooligosaccharide (FOS), which functions as a prebiotic and gives positive effect during the treatment of obesity, diabetes, and colorectal cancer. Thus, yacon root is expected to be a good dietary supplement for patients with these diseases. There has been limited research about the impacts of microorganisms on the tuberous root formation of yacon. Therefore, this paper presents the enumeration of aerobic bacteria in the root area at the two growing stages, before and in the early stage of the tuberous root formation, of yacon by MPN (Most Probable Number) method. The obtained results show a significant change on the amount carbohydrate metabolism bacteria presence in yacon roots between the two growing stages. Besides, there are more carbohydrate metabolism bacteria (9,3 x 105 MPN/mL) in tuberous root than protein metabolism bacteria (9,3x103 MPN/mL). The isolation of aerial bacteria from yacon roots found 22 strains, which are assigned into the 10 genera including Burkholderia, Caulobacter, Myroides, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Kosakonia, Rhizobium, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella based on the phylogentic analysis of the so-called 800R 16S rRNA gene sequences. The appearance of those genera in difference parts of yacon root is not the same. The presence of difference genera is also shown in the roots at the two growing stages.
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... Yacon (YC) (Smallanthus sonchifolius Poeppig and Endlicher) is a herbaceous perennial with sweet-tasting tuberous roots (Caetano et al., 2016), rich in β-(2 ! 1) fructooligosaccharides (Delgado et al., 2013;Goto et al., 1995), and phenolic compounds with health-promoting properties, such as chlorogenic, caffeic, and ferulic acids (Simonovska et al., 2003;Takenaka et al., 2003;Yan et al., 1999). YC was also shown to possess prebiotic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties (Campos et al., 2012;Ohyama et al., 1990;Ojansivu et al., 2011). ...
Dietary inclusion effect of various sources of phyto-additives on growth, feed utilization, body composition, and plasma chemistry of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), and challenge test against Edwardsiella tarda compared to a commercial probiotic (super lacto ® )
Article
Full-text available
  • Apr 2023
Inclusion of various sources of additives in aquafeeds is practically helpful to elevate the growth performance and disease resistance of aquatic animals. An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the inclusion effects of phyto-additives (yacon, ginger, and blueberry) into diets on olive flounder growth, feed utilization, chemical composition , and plasma chemistry, and to challenge test against Edwardsiella tarda in comparison to a commercial probiotic SUP (Super lacto ®). Six hundred juvenile olive flounder were randomly allocated into 15, 50 L flow-through tanks (40 fish per tank). Five experimental diets were formulated. No additive was included in the control (Con) diet. One percent of yacon, ginger, and blueberry powders, and 0.5% Super Lacto ® were included at the expense of wheat flour and water in the Con diet, also referred to as the YCP (yacon powder), GGP (ginger powder), BBP (blueberry powder), and SUP diets, respectively. All experimental diets were hand-fed to triplicate groups of fish twice a day until they were visually satiated for a period of 8 weeks. Following
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... Yacon tuberous roots accumulate carbohydrates in the form of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) (Goto et al. 1995;Lachman et al. 2003). FOS are oligosaccharide (from the Greek, oligos, "a few" and sácchar, "sugar") fructans and are used as a sweetener. ...
Yacon, a Potential Tuberous Crop for Florida: HS1435, 5/2022
Article
  • May 2022
The purpose of this article is to introduce yacon as a potential crop to Florida growers and the Extension community by providing information on its propagation, production, and utilization as well as nutritional value. It is anticipated that the availability of such information will support the establishment of yacon as a higher-value crop and promote yacon production and utilization in Florida. Written by Sergio Marcelo Gutierrez Laredo, Jianjun Chen, and Guodong Liu, and published by the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department; 5 pp.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1435
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SMALLANTHUS SONCHIFOLIA: USES AND PROSPECTS (A REVIEW)
Article
Full-text available
  • Mar 2023
This literature review is devoted to the tuberous yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius), a perennial plant of the family Asteraceae, which is widely used in traditional medicine. Yacon tubers are characterized by a sufficiently high content of inulin for industrial production. The data provided in the review show that Smallanthus sonchifolius has a proven prebiotic effect due to its high content of fructooligosaccharides as well as other chemical compounds and has great potential as a prebiotic. In addition to the prebiotic effect, yacon has a wide range of pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, immunostimulatory, antioxidant, antidepressant, hepatoprotective, spermatogenic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, analgesic. Infusions made from yacon leaves can be not only effective agents against hyperglycemia, but also a relatively rich source of polyphenolic antioxidants. Yacon has potential as a plant supplement to treat male infertility and normalize low testosterone levels, such as in LOH-syndrome. The diversity of pharmacological action of yacon is due to the content of different groups of biologically active substances described in the review. The underground organs, leaves, and flowers of yacon contain various chemical compounds, including phenolic acids, sesquiterpene lactones, fructooligosaccharides of inulin type β (2→1), tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and anthracene derivatives.
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Aplicabilidade dos frutooligossacarídeos como alimento funcional
Article
Full-text available
  • Oct 2022
O setor alimentício busca desenvolver alimentos que, além de características nutricionais adequadas, apresentem componentes que exercem funções biológicas capazes de prevenir doenças e promover a saúde, como os alimentos funcionais. Dentre esses alimentos, destacam-se os frutooligossacarídeos. Assim, este trabalho teve o objetivo de caracterizar os frutooligossacarídeos quanto às suas propriedades físico-quimicas, aplicação na indústria de alimentos, fontes naturais e função como prebiótico na saúde humana. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo revisão bibliográfica, de abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados mostram a importância dos estudos que buscam assegurar as propriedades dos frutooligossacarídeos, evidenciando a sua importância como um componente promissor para a indústria alimentícia e para os indivíduos que buscam uma alimentação mais saudável, com diversas características funcionais.
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Unveiling the potentials of bioactive oligosaccharide1-kestose (GF2) from Musa paradisiaca Linn peel with an anxiolytic effect based on gut microbiota modulation in stressed mice model
Article
  • Jul 2022
Prebiotics, indigestible oligosaccharides found primarily in plant bi-product, aided probiotic development. Banana peels were used as cereal by-products in this study. The possibility of using them as an antistress prebiotics efficacy was examined through in-vitro and in-vivo analysis. Fructo-oligosaccharides (1-kestose (GF2)) in Bannan peel oligosaccharide enzymatic extract (BPOE) were purified, further prebiotic effectiveness was analyzed and the anti-stress effect was compared in mice. In addition, Caenorhabditis elegans and fibroblasts cell line on prebiotic efficacy and cytotoxicity was determined. As a result of enzymatic treatment, kestose (GF2) was quantified using HPLC-RID, HSCC Chromatography at 24.9 mg/g, and COZY confirmed the structural. Further, the oligosaccharide enriched cookies enhanced the growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Additionally, the in-vivo result indicates that the kestose fed mice reduced the stress and significantly decreased corticosterone levels, mainly due to changes in microbiota, such as an increase in the abundance of Oscilospira, Mucisprillum, and Parabactoroides species likewise decrease in Clostridium, coprobacillus, and Sporosarona species, correspondingly the behaviour change was confirmed for anxiolytic effect. This framework has the potential to advance the treatment of clinical anxiety.
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Distribution of carbohydrates and related enzyme activities in yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia)
Article
Full-text available
  • Sep 1993
Yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia) plants originating from Andean highlands are known to accumulate a large amount of oligofructans in their tubers and tuberous roots (Ohyama et al. 1990; Asami et al. 1992). Asami et al. (1992) have reported that tubers and tuberous roots which were harvested in late fall contained about 57 and 66% respectively (on a dry matter basis) of oligofructans. However, the tubers, tuberous roots and shoots of the yacon contained only a small amount of starch and inulin. The tuberous roots of yacon which resemble those of sweet potato in appearance are usually eaten raw and are expected to become commercially valuable as a source of oligofructans.
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