Content uploaded by Gijs C Kronenberg
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Gijs C Kronenberg
Content may be subject to copyright.
Vita Malacologica, 1: 55-60 12 December 2002
VITA MALACOLOGICA, 1: 55
SYSTEMATICS
Strombidae Rafinesque, 1815
Euprotomus Gill, 1870
Euprotomus: Gill, 1870: 131 (footnote). Type species, by mo-
notypy: Strombus aurisdianae Linnaeus, 1758.
Euprotomus aurora spec. nov.
Pl. 1 figs 1-4, Pl. 2 fig. 6
Strombus aurisdianae L. - von Martens, 1880: 277
Strombus striatogranosus "Mörch" - von Martens, 1880: 277 [non
Mörch; nomen nudum; in synonymy of Strombus aurisdianae]
Strombus auris-Dianae Linn. - Tryon, 1885: 113 (in pars) [not pl. 4
fig. 37 = E. aurisdianae, not pl. 4 fig. 38 = E. aratrum]
? Strombus (Strombus) lamarckii Gray - Oostingh, 1929: 2
Strombus (Euprotomus) aurisdianae L., 1758 - Abbott, 1960: 125-
127 (in pars), pl. 101 figs. 1, 2 [non L., 1758], pl. 102 figs 6-7
(penis and operculum)
Canarium (Euprotomus) lamarckii Sowerby, 1842 - Schmid &
Walther, 1962: 254-255, pl. 26 figs 1-3
Strombus (Euprotomus) aurisdianae aurisdianae Linnaeus, 1758 -
Subba Rao, 1970: 121-122 (in pars), pl. 1 fig. 7
Strombus aurisdianae aurisdianae Linnaeus, 1758 - Mienis, 1973: 6;
1974: 116; 1976: 6
Euprotomus aurisdianae (Linnaeus) - Kirtisinghe, 1978: 59-60, pl. 32
fig. 2
Strombus (Euprotomus) aurisdianae Linnaeus, 1758 - Walls, 1980:
136 (in pars); not 135 bottom figs (= E. aurisdianae)
Strombus bulla (Röding, 1798) - Sharabati, 1981: 81 (center photo-
graph)
Strombus aurisdianae - Mienis, 1982: 432
Strombus cf. aurisdianae - Yaron, 1982: 449
Strombus cf. bulla - Mienis, 1983: 513
Strombus (Euprotomus) aurisdianae Linné, 1758 - Kronenberg &
Berkhout, 1984: 326, 327 (in pars)
Strombus bulla (Röding, 1798) - Sharabati, 1984: pl. 8 fig. 7
Strombus (Euprotomus) bulla - Mienis, 1984: 559
Strombus (Euprotomus) bulla n.ssp. - Kronenberg & Berkhout, 1986:
364
Strombus aurisdianae aurisdianae Linné, 1758 - Drivas & Jay, 1988:
46, pl. 8 fig. 1
ABSTRACT
Euprotomus aurora spec. nov. is described from the
Indian Ocean. It is compared with Euprotomus aurisdianae
(Linnaeus, 1758) and E. bulla (Röding, 1798).
INTRODUCTION
For a number of years specimens of a species of Euproto-
mus occurring in the Red Sea, were reported in literature (see
below). Their shell characters are close tothose of E. aurisdi-
anae (Linnaeus, 1758) and E. bulla (Röding, 1798), two well
known species from the Pacific. As early as 1986 it was evi-
dent that these Red Sea specimens were not conspecific with
either of the two forementioned species (Mienis, pers. comm.;
Kronenberg & Berkhout, 1986: 364).
Examination of the collections in NNM, ZMA and
MNHN and private collections, as well as literature records,
revealed that such specimens live in a large part of the Indian
Ocean, from Madagascar and Mauritius and La Réunion
northward into the Red Sea, including Kenya, Tanzania and
the Seychelles, and possibly eastward to Sri Lanka, the
Andamans, Phuket and the westcCoast of Aceh (Indonesia).
Mienis intended to describe these specimens as a new
species, but he generously allowed me the honour in the
course of my ongoing revision of Euprotomus (Kronenberg,
1998; 1999; 2002; in prep.).
ABBREVIATIONS
GKEN Gijs Kronenberg, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
HUJ Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
MNHN Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris,France
NNM Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden, the
Netherlands
RMNH = NNM (formerly Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie)
TAU Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
VLFI Virgilio Liverani, Faenza, Italy
ZMA Zoölogisch Museum Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Revision of Euprotomus Gill, 1870. 31.
Description of Euprotomus aurora spec. nov. from the
Indian Ocean
(Gastropoda, Strombidae)
Gijs C. KRONENBERG
Milieu Educatie Centrum, P.O. Box 435, NL-5600 AK Eindhoven, the Netherlands
e-mail: gijsckro@worldonline.nl
1Revision of Euprotomus. 2, see: The Festivus 30(6): 63-67.
Key words: Gastropoda, Strombidae, Euprotomus, new species, Indian Ocean
Kronenberg, G.C. - Euprotomus aurora spec. nov.
VITA MALACOLOGICA, 1: 56
Strombus bulla (Röding, 1798) - Wellens & Pickery, 1998: 59, [not
pl. 1 fig. 3 = E. bulla]
Strombus aurisdianae aurisdianae (Linné, 1758) [sic!] - Drivas &
Jay, 1998: 11 (no. 8), 12 fig. 8 [Italian text]
Strombus aurisdianae (Linné, 1758) [sic!] - Drivas & Jay 1998: 11
(no. 8), 12 fig. 8 [English text]
Strombus (Euprotomus) bulla - de Turck et al., 1999: 51 (in pars), pl.
108 fig. 6
Strombus (Euprotomus) aurisdianae Linné, 1758 - de Turck et al.,
1999: 50 (in pars), pl. 105 figs 2, 4, 6 [not figs 1, 3, 5 = E. aurisdi-
anae]
Strombus (Euprotomus) aurisdianae L., 1758 - Jarret, 2000: 24, fig.
91
Euprotomus aff. bulla (Röding, 1798) - Dekker & Orlin, 2000: 21
Euprotomus bula (Röding, 1798) - Heiman, 2002: 13, pl. 1
Holotype. — NIOP-E "Tyro" Seychelles expedition 1992/93,
Sta. 734, RMNH 94026 (pl. 1 figs 1-2): Seychelles, SW of
LaDigue Island, 4°23'S 55°49'E, depth 30 m, with rectangular
dredge, J. Goud leg., 23 xii 1992,
Diagnosis. — Shell with strong spiral sculpture on the
body whorl and smooth adcolumellar side of outer lip, i.e.
without plicae.
Description. - Adult shell of normal size for the genus,
varying from about 45.3 mm (paratype 5, smallest specimen)
to about 71.5 mm (paratype 10, largest specimen). Protoconch
of about three turbiniform whorls; initial whorl lowest and
transition to teleoconch straight. Teleoconch with about 8
whorls; the first one evenly reticulated with about 12 spiral
cords, second teleoconch whorl with about 13 spiral cords.
Axial cords gradually turning into ribs, overlayed by the spi-
ral sculpture; on the third teleoconch whorls a subsutural cord
develops, broader than the spiral cords. Subsutural cord get-
ting more prominent on the fourth and fifth teleoconch whorl.
Axial ribs getting distinct, angulated at shoulder, gradually
turning into broader shoulder knobs, of which the adapical
part is slightly concave, making the knobs more or less point-
ed, but with their gradual broadening this becomes less con-
spicuous. On the penultimate whorl there are three to five spi-
ral cords between subsutural cord and angulation of shoulder
knobs; abapical of angulation spiral cords are obsolete or per-
sist as three distinct ones. Body whorl with 8-10 shoulder
knobs, on apertural side less markedly developed, sometimes
fused to a low carina, covered by callus. Abapertural part of
body whorl with strong spiral sculpture, with cords of vari-
able width with none to 3 (usually 2) of these cords with more
of less developed secondary knobs. Total number of spiral
cords on the body whorl varying between 25 and 33, depend-
ing mostly on the number of visible, developed cords around
the shoulder area. Outer lip not broadly expanded, with a dis-
tinct, deep stromboid notch and with a projection at adapical
part, pointing adapically parallel or almost parallel to the
shell axis; projection reaching approximately the suture of the
penultimate whorl or the penultimate whorl but one. At early
adult stage the rim of the outer lip, abapically of the projec-
tion and adapically of the stromboid notch, is slightly bent
into adapertural direction, with occasionally distinct growth
lines. When fully grown the cavity of this rim is filled with
shell material resulting in a rather thick, solid, outer lip.
Anterior canal rather long, bent addorsally (almost) perpen-
dicular to the shell axis. Between the thickened outer lip and
the projection, a small, hardly developed, secondary notch is
present. Posterior canal groove like, running from within the
aperture along the spire to the point of attachment of outer lip.
Callus on abapical part of the body whorl well developed in
adults, at shoulder and just abapically of shoulder rather thin,
sculpture and colour pattern shining through, adapically of
shoulder again well developed, covering the adapertural part
of the the spire for usually about two to three whorls. In
paratye 15 (GKEN 941) the callus covers the apex. Columella
and adapertural side of the outer lip smooth.
Protoconch and first teleoconch whorl white, subsequent
whorls more or less densily maculated with brownish spots,
blotches and patches, which can be so dense as if the shell
was brown with white spots. Abapertural rim of outer lip with
5 - 7 rectangular brownish blotches, rim of projection and
stromboid notch and flange between stromboid notch and
anterior canal on adapertural side sometimes with a golden
brown glaze. Callus white, aperture white, deep within bright
orange pink to reddish orange.
Distribution. — Indian Ocean, from Mauritius and La
Réunion northwards along the East African coast including
the Seychelles, into the Red Sea, Sri Lanka, India (off Ma-
dras) and Andaman Islands, possibly towards North western
Sumatra (Indonesia).
Fossil record. — Known from the Pliocene of East Java
(Schmid & Walther, 1962) and Pleistocene deposits from the
Red Sea (paratype 17).
Derivatio nominis. — The name aurora, ancient goddess
of the dawn is chosen for the bright colour of the aperture,
which reminds one of the sunrise on a clear dawn. The first
three letters are the same as in the species E. aurisdianae, a
wink to the early confusion between these two taxa. Aurora is
a noun in apposition.
Discussion. — At first glance this species resembles E.
aurisdianae most because of the strong spiral sculpture. The
number of spiral cords adapically of the shoulder knobs how-
ever, is larger in E. aurisdianae and there is a clear distinction
in primary and secondary spiral cords in that species.
Furthermore, the colour of the shell of E. aurisdianae is rather
gray with white compared to brownish with white as in E.
aurora spec. nov., but (dark) brown specimens of E. aurisdi-
anae are known. The colour of the aperture of E. aurisdianae
is rather pink then reddish orange, although the colour in E.
aurora spec. nov. may fade (paratype 4). The most striking
difference concerns the sculpture within the aperture: in E.
aurisdianae there are always c. 12 distinct plicae running
from within the aperture to the outer lip in adapical direction,
adaxially of the outer lip projection, but never reaching the
margin of the outer lip and 5 - 8 similar plicae running from
within the aperture towards the flange between stromboid
notch and anterior canal. E. aurisdianae is a Pacific species,
whereas E. aurora spec. nov. has an Indian Ocean distribu-
tion.
Euprotomus aurora spec. nov. resembles E. bulla in
colour pattern, and characters of the aperture. Euprotomus
Kronenberg, G.C. - Euprotomus aurora spec. nov
VITA MALACOLOGICA, 1: 57
PLATE 1
Figs 1-4. Euprotomus aurora spec. nov. 1. Holotype. NIOP-E "Tyro" Seychelles expedition 1992/93. Sta. 734. Seychelles, SW of LaDigue
Island, 4°23'S 55°49'E, depth 30 m, with rectangular dredge, 23 xii 1992, leg. J.Goud, RMNH 94026. Actual size 63 mm x 36.5 mm. 2. La
Réunion, St. Gilles at 30 m on sand, 1987, ex Jan Berkhout, GKEN 5730. Actual size 57.2mm x 32.2 mm. Note extremely developed anterior
canal. 3. Paratype 6. Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba, Dahab, off lighthouse at 36 m on gravel bottom at foot of sloping gravel drop-off, 31 viii 1986, leg.
M. Fainzilber HUJ 12240. Actual size 60 mm x 34.3 mm. 4. Paratype 17. Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba, East coast Sinai, from Pleistocene deposits,
1993, via NRA, HUJ 31984. actual size 59.0 mm x 31.8 mm. Photographs Fig. 1: Jeroen Goud; photographs Figs 2-4: © Ron A. Voskuil.
1a 1b
2
3a 3b 4
Kronenberg, G.C. - Euprotomus aurora spec. nov.
VITA MALACOLOGICA, 1: 58
PLATE 2
Fig. 5. Euprotomus aurisdianae (Linnaeus, 1758), Philippines, Mactan, Cebu, by diver in sand at approx. 18m. GKEN 2771. Length: 79.5 mm.
Fig. 6. Euprotomus aurora spec. nov. Paratype 14, Seychelles, Mahé, at 30m on sand. GKEN 1411. Lenght: 67.4 mm. Fig. 7. Euprotomus bulla
(Röding, 1798), Japan, Okinawa, Sesoko Isl. at 10m, 1985. GKEN 2899. Lenght: 57.1 mm. Photographs: © Ron A. Voskuil.
5a 5b 5c
6a 6b 6c
7a 7b 7c
Kronenberg, G.C. - Euprotomus aurora spec. nov.
VITA MALACOLOGICA, 1: 59
bulla however, has no or obsolete dorsal sculpture on the
body whorl and the rim of the projection and flange between
stromboid notch and anterior canal is purple/violet rather than
golden brown as in E. aurora spec. nov.. The tendency of cal-
lus forming is more cospicuously developed in E. bulla, with
more often large parts of the apex and initial teleoconch
whorls covered with callus. Usually the projection on the
outer lip in E. bulla is longer, sometimes reaching beyond the
apex. Like E. aurisdianae, E. bulla is a Pacific species. See
also pl. 2 figs 1-9 for comparison.
Remarks. — As this new species appears to be intermedi-
ate in shell characters at first glance, one might think that it
could represent a hybrid between E. aurisdianae and E. bulla.
As none of these species has been recorded from the Indian
Ocean, this hypothesis is rejected.
Von Martens (1880) listed “Strombus striatogranosus
Mörch” in the synonymy of Strombus aurisdianae. However,
Mörch never introduced this name. In the Yoldi Catalogue,
Mörch (1852: 62) introduced the name Monodactylus stri-
atogranulatus, referring to Martini. Martini's figures (1777:
pl. 84 figs 838, 839) clearly show a specimen with plicae in
the adapertural part of the outer lip, and represent Euprotomus
aurisdianae. Strombus striatogranosus Von Martens is a
nomen nudum (ICZN art. 12).
The specimens from Madras, India and Galle, Sri Lanka,
as well as the specimens from "Phuket" (see additional speci-
mens examined) are characterized by a distinctly less well
developed spiral sculpture on the body whorl. The locality
Phuket is dubious as many specimens sold there originate
from other localities, often quite remote form Phuket (V.
Liverani, H. Dekker; pers. comm.). Specimens with the same
reduced spiral sculpture however, occur in the Red Sea
(paratype 6, Pl. 1 figs 3, 4). Subba Rao's (1970: 121-122, pl. 1
fig 7) Andaman record may very wellrefer to this species. As
far as can be judged from the figure, there are no plications on
the adcolumellar side of the outer lip. Unfortunately, presence
or absence of dorsal sculpture cannot be established.
Oostingh's (1929) record is not included unreservedly. He
(1929: 2) reported specimens from Atjeh [=Aceh] (Sumatra,
Indonesia) which might represent this species, but those shells
from "between Koeala Daja and Lho' Kroeët, opposite Poelò
Raja … (leg. de Mol)" and "nothern part of Tjalang-Subdivi-
sion … (leg. Stammeshaus)" both "W. coast of Atjeh" were
not available for study.
Material examined: Holotype, 16 paratypes and many additional
specimens.
Paratypes. — Paratype 1: same data as holotype, animal pre-
served on 96% ethanol; paratype 2: NIOP-E "Tyro" Seychelles expe-
dition 1992/93, sta. 766, Seychelles, N of Poivre Island, 5°44'S
53°20'E, on coarse calcareous sand, depth 43-48m; rectangulare
dredge, 29 xii 1992, leg. J. Goud, specimen preserved on 70%
ethanol; paratype 3: same data as paratype 2, animal preserved on
70% ethanol; paratype 4: NIOP-E "Tyro" Seychelles expedition
1992/93. Sta. 717. Seychelles, Bird island off E. coast; 3º43' S, 55º13'
E; edge of bank, scuba diving and snorkling, 19921220/21, dead col-
lected; paratype 5: Jemen: Gulf of Aden, 1979, leg. B. v.d. Most;
paratype 6: Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba, Dahab, off lighthouse at 36 m on
gravel bottom at foot of sloping gravel drop-off, 31 viii 1986, leg. M.
Fainzilber; paratype 7: Israel, Gulf of Aqaba, Elat, Laguna, 11 iv
1983, leg. J. Heller; paratype 8: Israel, Gulf of Aqaba, Elat, 1982, leg.
S. Lavy; paratype 9: Israel, Gulf of Aqaba, Elat, coral beach, collect-
ed before 1967, leg. J. Rappoport; Paratype 10: Gulf of Elat, between
1948 and 1968, leg. A. Hadar, paratype 11: same data as paratype 10;
paratype 12: same data as paratype 10; paratype 13: Seychelles,
Mahe, at 27 m, on sand; paratype 14: sama data as paratype 13;
paratype 15: same data as paratype 13, paratype 16: same data as
paratype 13; paratype 17: Israel, Gulf of Aqaba, eastcoast Sinai, 1993
[fossil specimen, from Pleistocene deposits]. For repositries, registra-
tion numbers and measurements, see table 1.
Additional specimens examined. — LOCALITY UNKNOWN:
ex M. Staadt, 1969, MNHN/1; "Mers de l'Inde" MNHN/2. MOZAM-
BIQUE: off Nacala, GKEN 1949/1. MADAGASCAR: (no further
data) MNHN/2; (no further data) ex Cloué, MNHN/3; (no further
data) ex Cloué, MNHN/1; (no further data) ex Mr. Daullé, 1857,
MNHN/4; (no further data) ex M. Geay, 1906, MNNH/2; Diego
Suarez [= Antsiranana], ex Rousseau, 1841, MNHN/2;
Tulear,VLFI/12; "Texor de Ravisi", VI 1853, MNHN/3. MAURI-
TIUS: ex Carrié, MNHN/1; ex Carrié, 1911, MNHN/2; ex Staadt,
1969, MNHN/3; Ile aux Cerfs, ex M. Lantz, MNHN/1. RÉUNION:
St. Gilles at 30m on sand, ex Jan Berkhout, GKEN 5730; St. Gilles at
Table 1. Measurements type specimens Euprotomus aurora spec. nov.
length (mm)
width (mm)
Holotype NNM RMNH reg. no. 94026
63.0
36.5
Paratype 1 NNM RMNH reg. no. 37352
47.5
28.0
Paratype 2 NNM RMNH reg. no. 37353
58.5
32.0
Paratype 3 NNM RMNH reg. no. 37353
61.0
33.0
Paratype 4 NNM RMNH reg. no. 37351
62.7
33.3
Paratype 5 ZMA reg. no. Moll. 4.02.028
45.3
25.9
Paratype 6 HUJ reg. no. 12240
60.0
34.3
Paratype 7 HUJ reg. no. 32356
67.0
39.9
Paratype 8 HUJ reg. no. 32541
63.7
37.4
Paratype 9 HUJ reg. no. 36210
47.9
31.6
Paratype 10 TAU reg. no. MO 30015/1
71.5
40.6
Paratype 11 TAU reg. no. MO 30015/2
59.2
33.5
Paratype 12 TAU reg. no. MO 30015/3
49.6
27.8
Paratype 13 MNHN (unnumbered)
61.6
38.1
Paratype 14 GKEN reg. no. 1411
67.4
38.4
Paratype 15 GKEN reg. no. 941
58.9
34.5
Paratype 16 GKEN reg. no. 1545
56.5
30.4
Paratype 17 HUJ reg. no. 31984
59.0
31.8
Kronenberg, G.C. - Euprotomus aurora spec. nov.
VITA MALACOLOGICA, 1: 60
1-130. Hackenheim.
KRONENBERG, G.C., 1998. Revision of Euprotomus Gill,
1870. 1. The systematic position of Strombus listeri Gray,
1852 (Gastropoda Prosobranchia: Strombidae). — Vita
Marina 45(3-4): 1-6.
KRONENBERG, G.C., 1999. Revision of Euprotomus Gill,
1870. 2. On the identity of Strombus hirasei Kuroda, 1942
(Gastropoda Prosobranchia: Strombidae). — The Festivus
30(6): 63-67.
KRONENBERG, G.C., 2002. Addendum to Revision of Eu-
protomus Gill, 1870. 2. On the identity of Strombus hirasei
Kuroda, 1942 (Gastropoda Prosobranchia: Strombidae). —
The Festivus 34(9): 110.
KRONENBERG, G.C. & J. BERKHOUT, 1984 (dated 1981).
Strombidae. — Vita Marina 31(1-6): buikpotigen 263-362,
pls. 1-9.
KRONENBERG, G.C. & J. BERKHOUT, 1986. Strombidae
II: Addenda en Corrigenda. — Vita Marina 33(1): buikpoti-
gen 363-368.
MARTINI, F.H.W., 1777. Neues systematisches Conchylien-
Cabinet, geordnet und bescheiben von Friedrich Heinrich
Wilhelm Martini … . 3: i-vi, 1-434, pls 66-121. Nürnberg.
MIENIS, H.K., 1976. A preliminary checklist of Strombidae
from the Sinai area of the Red Sea. — Levantina 1: 5-7.
MIENIS, H.K., 1982. Strombus dentatus in the Gulf of Aqa-
ba. — Levantina 36: 431-432.
MIENIS, H.K., 1983. A record of Strombus cf. bulla from the
Gulf of Elat. — Levantina 44: 513-514.
MIENIS, H.K., 1984. Further news concerning Strombidae
from the Red Sea, with a checklist of species recorded from
the Sinai area. — Levantina 48: 559-561.
MÖRCH, O.A.L., 1852. Catalogus conchyliorum quae reliq-
uit D. Alphonso d'Aguirra & Gadea, Comes de Yoldi, regis
daniae cubiculariorum princeps … Fasciculus primus.
Cephalophora. Typis Ludovici Kleini: 1-170. Hafniae.
OOSTINGH, C.H., 1929. Strombidae and Amphiperasidae
from North East Sumatra (6th note on N. E. Sumatran
Molluscs). — Miscellanea Zoologica Sumatrana 39: 1-4.
PICKERY, R. & W. WELLENS, 1998. Red Sea Mollusca.
Part 4. Family Strombidae. — Gloria Maris 36(4): 59-62.
ROMAGNA MANOJA, E., 1974. Superfamilia Strombacea.
Part II (1) . — La Conchiglia 6(7-8): 3-13.
SCHMID, F. & H.W. WALTHER, 1962. Ein neuer Fund-
punkt von Pliozän auf dem Gunung Sadeng bei Puger (Ost
Java) und seine Bedeutung für das Alter der Manganverer-
zung. — Geologisches Jahrbuch 80: 247-276, pls. 26-27.
SHARABATI, D., 1981. Saudi Arabian Seashells: 1-119.
London.
SHARABATI, D., 1984. Red Sea Shells: 1-128. London.
SUBBA RAO, N.V., 1970. On the collection of Strombidae
(Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Bay of Bengal, Arabian Sea
and Western Indian Ocean, with some new records, 1.
Genus Strombus. — Journal of the Marine Biological
Association India 12(1-2): 109-124, 1 pl.
TRYON, G.W., 1885. Manual of conchology 7: 99-152, pls
1-12.
VON MARTENS, E., 1880. Mollusken. Pp. 181-346, pls 19-
22. In: K. MÖBIUS, ed., Beitrage zur Meeresfauna der
Insel Mauritius und der Seychellen. Berlin.
WALLS, J.G., 1980. Conchs, tibias and harps: 1-191. New
York.
YARON, I., 1982. A new record of Strombus cf. aurisdianae
from the Gulf of Aqaba. — Levantina 38: 449-451.
20 m by diver, GKEN 3472/1; St. Gilles at 30m on sand, 1987, juve-
nile GKEN 993. KENYA: Mombassa, 1991, GKEN 2580/2; Shimoni
Bay, ex Jan Berkhout, GKEN 5729; Shimoni Bay, GKEN 1727/1.
TANZANIA: Tanga Reg., Tanga, ex M. de Laroy Meijer-De Geer,
NNM/1; Zanzibar, ex Derx, NNM/3; Zanzibar, ex L.A.W.C.
Vermans, no. 1600, NNM/1; Zanzibar, M. Staadt, 1969, MNHN/1;
Zanzibar, ex J. de Morgan, 1922, MNHN/1; Zanzibar, VIII 1999, leg
Virgilio Liverani, GKEN 6002/4. SEYCHELLES: (no further data)
ex Zoölogisch Laboratorium Groningen, NNM/1. INDIA: Madras,
1985, GKEN 941/2. SRI LANKA: Galle, on sand, 1988, leg. K.K.
Perera, d. Richard J. Kelly GKEN 5131/1. THAILAND: "Phuket",
VLFI/6. PHILIPPINES: (in error), ex H. Fischer, MNHN/1.
Other specimens, all Mienis (pers. comm.). — ISRAEL: Elat,
leg. H. Sandler, Feb. 1964, coll. Oranim; Elat, leg. J. Dafni, coll.
Dafni; Elat, coll. A. Singer; Egypt: Gulf of Aqaba: south Nuweibe el
Muzei-ne, leg. G. Peer 28 Feb. 1982, coll. Yaron 5267; Gulf of Suez:
A-Tur, leg. E. Heiman, coll. Heiman [all specimens in HUJ]. SAUDI
ARABIA: Wedjh, approx. 800 km north of Jeddah, leg. Sharabati,
1974-1976, [in BMNH].
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Many thanks are due to Mr. Henk K. Mienis (HUJ) for
sending specimens on loan, copies of papers, access to his
preliminary notes and allowing me to describe this species as
new; to Dr. R. Ben-David-Zaslov (TAU) for sending addi-
tional specimens on loan; Mr. Virgilio Liverani (Faenza,
Italy) for sending specimens on loan and the donation of spec-
imens; Mr. Rob Moolenbeek (ZMA) for access to the collec-
tion; Mr. Jeroen Goud (NNM) for access to the collection and
photographs of the holotype and a paratype, the staff of
MNHN for allowing me to examine the collection.; Mr. Ron
Voskuil (Delft, the Netherlands), for photography and last but
not least my partner, Ms. Marianne Matthijssen, Eindhoven
for her lasting support.
REFERENCES
ABBOTT, R.T., 1960. The Genus Strombus in the Indo-
Pacific. — Indo-Pacific Mollusca 1(2): 33-146.
DEKKER, H. & Z. ORLIN, 2000. Check-list of Red Sea
Mollusca. — Spirula 47, supplement: 1-46.
DRIVAS, J. & M. JAY, 1988. Coquillages de La Réunion et
de l'île Maurice: 1-159. Neuchâtel.
DRIVAS, J. & M. JAY, 1998. Le Strombidae della Réunion /
The Strombidae of Réunion. — La Conchiglia 30(supple-
ment): 10-15.
GILL, T., 1870. On the Pterocerae of Lamarck, and their
mutual relations. — American Journal of Conchology 5:
120-139.
HEIMANN, E.L., 2002. Shells of East Sinai, an illustrated
list: Strombidae. — Triton 6: 12-14.
INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ZOOLOGICAL
NOMENCLATURE, 1999. International Code of Zoolo-
gical Nomenclature, 4th edition: i-xxix, 1-306. London.
JARRET, A.G., 2000. Marine shells of the Seychelles: 1-149.
Cambridge.
KIRTISINGHE, P., 1978. Sea shells of Sri Lanka including
forms scattered throughout the Indiann and Pacific Oceans:
1-202, pls 1-61. Rutland.
DE TURCK, K., K. KREIPL, L. MAN IN ’T VELD & G.T.
POPPE. The family Strombidae. In: G.T. POPPE & K.
GROH, dir., 1999. A conchological iconography: 1-60, pls
