Persistent Identifiers in the Publication and Citation of Scientific Data - Theory and Practice

Abstract

In the last decade data driven research has become a third pillar of scientific work alongside with theoretical reasoning and experiment. Greatly increased computing power and storage, together with web services and other electronic resources have facilitated a quantum leap in new research based on the analysis of great amounts of data. However, traditional scientific communication only slowly changes to new media other than an emulation of paper. This leaves many data inaccessible and, in the long run exposes valuable data to the risk of loss. To improve access to data and to create incentives for scientists to make their data accessible, a group of German data centres initiated the project "Publication and Citation of Scientific Data" (STD-DOI) which was funded by the German Science Foundation DFG for the periods 2003-2005 and 2006-2008. In this project the German National Library for Science and Technology (TIB Hannover), together with the German Research Centre for Geoscience (GFZ Potsdam), Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) Bremerhaven, University of Bremen, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Hamburg, and the DLR German Remote Sensing Data Center set up the first system to assign DOIs to data sets and for their publication. A prerequisite for data to be made available is a proper citation. This means that all fields mandatory for a bibliographic citation are included. In addition, a mechanism is needed that ensures that the location of the referenced data on the internet can be resolved at any time. In the past, this was a problematic issue because URLs are short-lived, many becoming invalid after only a few months. Data publication on the internet therefore needs a system of reliable pointers to a web publication to make these publications citeable. To achieve this persistence of identifiers for their conventional publications many scientific publishers use Digital Object Identifiers (DOI). The identifier is resolved through the handle system to the valid location (URL) where the dataset can be found. This approach meets one of the prerequisites for citeability of scientific data published online. In addition, the valid bibliographic citation can be included in the catalogues of German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB). The data publications themselves are held at discipline specific data centres, for instance ICSU World Data Centers. The data providers take on the role of publication agents and are responsible for the long-term availability of the data. The discipline specific publication agents are also responsible for the quality of the published data. Syntactic and semantic quality checks are used to secure data quality. Data may come as data supplements to scientific papers, or as time series from environmental monitoring systems, or as novel form of publication in a data journal. The latter requires a peer-review process, analogous to conventional science publications.

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2008 Fal l M eeti ng
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klump
HR: 15:25h
AN: U13D-07
TI: Persistent Identifiers in the Publication and Citation of Scientific
Data - Theory and Practice
AU: * Klump, J
EM : jens. klump@gfz-potsdam.de
AF: German Research Centre for Geosci ence (GFZ), Telegrafenberg,
Potsdam, 14473, Germany
AU: Brase, J
EM : jan.bras e@tib. uni-hannover. de
AF: German National Library of Science and Technol ogy (TIB),
Welfengarten 1B, Hannover, 30167, Germany
AU: Diepenbroek, M
EM : mdiepenbroek@pangaea.de
AF: MARUM, Uni versity of Bremen, Leobener Strasse, Bremen, 28359,
Germany
AU: Grobe, H
EM : hgrobe@pangaea.de
AF: Alfred Wegener Insti tute for Pol ar and Marine Resea rch (AWI), Am
Handel shafen 12, Bremerhaven, 27570, Germany
AU: Hildenbrand, B
EM : Beate. Hildenbrand@dlr.de
AF: DLR German Remote Sensi ng Data Center, Oberpfaffen ho fen,
Wessling, 82234, Germany
AU: Hoeck, H
EM : heinke. hoeck@zmaw.de
AF: Max Planck Insti tute for Meteorol ogy, Bundesstraße 53, Hambu rg,
20146, Germany
AU: Lautenschlager, M
EM : michael.lautensc hlager@zmaw.de
AF: Max Planck Insti tute for Meteorol ogy, Bundesstraße 53, Hambu rg,
20146, Germany
AU: Sens, I
EM : Irina. Sens@tib.uni-hannover.de
AF: German National Library of Science and Technol ogy (TIB),
Welfengarten 1B, Hannover, 30167, Germany
AB: In the last dec ade d ata driven researc h has bec om e a thi rd pi l l ar
of sc ienti fi c work al ongsi de with theoretical reasoni ng and
experiment. Greatl y inc rease d com puti ng power and storage,
together with web services and other elec tronic resources have
fac ilitated a quantum leap in new researc h based on the anal ysis of
great amounts of data. However, tradi ti onal sci enti fic com munication
Persistent Identifiers in the Publication and Citation ... http://www.agu.org/cgi-bin/SFgate/SFgate?language...
1 von 2 20.01.2009 14:32

only slowly c hanges to new media other than an emul ation of paper.
Thi s leaves many data inac cessible and, in the long run exposes
val uable data to the risk of loss. T o i m prove acc ess to data and to
create inc enti ves for sci entists to make thei r data ac c essible, a group
of German data centres initiated the proj ect "Publ i c ation and
Citati on of Scientific Data" (ST D-DOI) which was funded by the
German Sc ience Foundati on DFG for the periods 2003-2005 and
2006-2008. In this projec t the German National Li brary for Sc i enc e
and T ec hnology (TIB Hannover), together wi th the German Research
Centre for Geosci enc e (GFZ Potsdam), Al fred Wegener Institute for
Polar and Marine Research (AWI) Brem erhaven, University of Bremen,
the M ax Pl an c k Institute for Meteorol ogy i n Hamburg, and the DLR
German Remote Sensing Data Center set up the first system to assign
DOIs to data sets and for thei r public ation. A prerequisi te for data to
be made available is a proper citation. This m eans that all fiel ds
mandatory for a bi bli ographi c citation are included. In addition, a
mec hanism i s needed that ensures that the loc a ti on of the referenced
data on the internet c an be resol ved at any time. In the p ast, thi s was
a problem atic i ssue because URLs are short-li ved, m any bec omi ng
invali d after only a few months. Data publi c a ti on on the internet
therefore needs a system of reliable poi nters to a web publi c ati on to
make these publications ci teable. T o achi eve thi s persistence of
identi fi ers for their conventional publ i c ations many scienti fi c
publ ishers use Digital Objec t Ide ntifiers (DOI). The identi fi er is
resol ved through the handle system to the val i d loc ation (URL) where
the dataset c an be found. T his approach m eets one of the
prerequi sites for c i teability of sci enti fic data pu bli shed onl i ne. In
addi ti on, the valid bib liographic c itation c an be i ncluded i n the
catalogues of German Nati onal Library of Sc i enc e and T echnol ogy
(TIB). The data public ations them selves are held at di sci pline
spec ifi c data centres, for i nstanc e ICSU World Data Centers. The data
provi ders take on the role of publ ic ation agents and are responsible
for th e l ong-term availabili ty of the data. T he di sci pline spec i fi c
publ ic ation agents are al so resp on sibl e for the quality of the
publ ished data. Syntacti c and semantic qual ity c hec ks are used to
sec ure data quality. Data ma y c ome as data suppl ements to scientifi c
papers, or as tim e series from envi ronmental monitoring systems, or as
novel form of publi c ati on in a data journal . T he latter requi res a
peer-review process, analogous to conventi onal sc ienc e publ i c ations.
UR: http://w w w .std-doi.de
DE: 6620 Sc ienc e policy (0485)
DE: 9800 GENERAL OR MISCELLANEOUS
DE: 9810 New fields (not classifiable under other headings)
DE: 9820 T echniques applic able in three or m ore fi elds
SC: Union [U]
MN: 2008 Fall Meeting
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