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Über die eigenartige morphologie der männlichen genitalien des genus Diplorhoptrum Mayr ( Hymenoptera Formicidae ) und die taxonomischen schlußfolgerungen
Abstract
The conformation of the laminae volsellares of the european populations of Solenopsis seems to be unique among Formicidae. On the basis of this character they are separated from the genus Solenopsis s. str. (neotropical) to form another genus bearing the name Diplorhoptrum Mayr.
... 1 et 2 - T. caespitum (Linné, 1758) et T. forte Forel, 1903 Forel avait décrit T. forte sous la forme d'une variété de caespitum. met la variété en synonymie avec l'espèce tandis que Baroni-Urbani (1971) et Kutter (1977 la considèrent toujours comme une variété et que Collingwood (1978) ainsi que Agosti et Collingwood (1987a) En fait, la sculpture des pétioles est éminemment variable chez presque tous les Tetramorium et n'est pas un caractère discriminant. D'après la description originale, de Forel, et celle des auteurs suivants, ce serait surtout la taille des individus, la sculpture de la tête et du thorax très grossière et la longueur des épines qui distingueraient T. forte de T. caespitum, chez les ouvrières. ...
... Sauf Baroni-Urbani (1971), qui réunit T. erraticum, T. nigerrimum et T. simrothi sous le seul nom de T. erraticum, tous les auteurs actuels, comme Emery, considèrent que les trois espèces sont distinctes, ne serait-ce que par les genitalia des mâles bien différents. ...
... Some higher-level taxonomic work has been done on Solenopsis since Ettershank. Baroni-Urbani (1968) resurrected the subgenus Diplorhoptrum and elevated it to the generic level, placing all thief ants in this genus. He based his decision on the genitalia of the common European species, S. fugax (Latreille), without knowledge of the New World thief ant fauna. ...
... Although there are slight differences between the S. fugax species-group and several of the other fire ant speciesgroups, this study found that the male genitalia of the species within the S. saevissima species-group were relatively homogeneous and uninformative . After study of the genitalia of many Solenopsis exemplars, we also conclude that characters used by Baroni-Urbani (1968) to raise Diplorhoptrum to the generic level are not found in all of the species he placed in this taxon. Furthermore, Diplorhoptrum species such as S. tennesseensis and S. abdita have genitalia more closely resembling those of the fire ants than those of the European Diplorhoptrum species, S. fugax. ...
The fire ants of the Solenopsis geminata species-group of Trager (1991) are revised based on the morphology of worker larvae and of adult forms of workers, males, and gynes (winged or dealated members of the queen caste). The amount of intraspecific variation occurring in the adult males and gynes was equivalent to that of workers, making the taxonomic information gained from these castes no better than information from the workers. A new species, S. metallica, is described from southern Brazil, based on adult workers, adult gynes, males, and worker larvae. The following classification changes are made: S. virulens is placed in the S. virulens species-group; S. tridens and S. substituta are placed in the S. tridens species-group; S. metallica new species, S. daguerrei, S. electra, S. hostilis, S. interrupta, S. invicta, S. macdonaghi, S. megergates, S. pusillignis, S. pythia, S. quinquecuspis, S. richteri, S. saevissima, and S. weyrauchi are placed in the S. saevissima species-group; and S. geminata, S. xyloni, S. amblychila, S. aurea, S. gayi, and S. bruesi are left in the S. geminata species-group. The older classification, which designated complexes and subcomplexes, is abandoned. For the S. saevissima species-group, adults of males and gynes, as well as worker larvae, are described and diagnosed for each species. Diagnoses and keys (dichotomous and tabular) are provided for adult workers, the most commonly collected material, and distributions of the species are summarized.
... Bolton (1995: 27) lists the genus Solenopsis Westwood, 1840, as having a junior synonym Diplorhoptrum Mayr, 1855. The earliest authority for the synonymization was Mayr (1862: 751) but Baroni Urbani (1968a: 68) revived Diplorhoptrum as a separate genus. The determining factor was claimed to be a distinctive conformation of the laminae volsellares of the European populations of Solenopsis. ...
The Egyptian species of the ant genus Solenopsis Westwood, 1840, are revised and keyed. Four species are recognized: S. cooperi Donisthorpe, 1947; S. lou Forel, 1902; 5. occipitalis Santschi, 1911; and S. kochi Finzi, 1936 (stat. n.). Solenopsis occipitalis is recorded for the first time from Egypt. Solenopsis kochi is redescribed and elevated to species rank. Solenopsis bakri Sharaf, 2007 is synonymized under S. cooperi. The workers of S. cooperi are described for the first time, males and alate gynes are measured, and ecological notes on habitats are given. Available literature records of all the species are reviewed.
... Bolton (1995: 27) lists the genus Solenopsis Westwood, 1840, as having a junior synonym Diplorhoptrum Mayr, 1855. The earliest authority for the synonymization was Mayr (1862: 751) but Baroni Urbani (1968a: 68) revived Diplorhoptrum as a separate genus. The determining factor was claimed to be a distinctive conformation of the laminae volsellares of the European populations of Solenopsis. ...
The Egyptian species of the ant genus Solenopsis Westwood, 1840, are revised and keyed. Four species are recognized: S. cooperi Donisthorpe, 1947; S. lou Forel, 1902; S. occipitalis Santschi, 1911; and S. kochi Finzi, 1936 (stat. n.). Solenopsis occipitalis is recorded for the first time from Egypt. Solenopsis kochi is redescribed and elevated to species rank. Solenopsis bakri Sharaf, 2007 is synonymized under S. cooperi. The workers of S. cooperi are described for the first time, males and alate gynes are measured, and ecological notes on habitats are given. Available literature records of all the species are reviewed.
... Bolton (1995: 27) lists the genus Solenopsis Westwood, 1840, as having a junior synonym Diplorhoptrum Mayr, 1855. The earliest authority for the synonymization was Mayr (1862: 751) but Baroni Urbani (1968a: 68) revived Diplorhoptrum as a separate genus. The determining factor was claimed to be a distinctive conformation of the laminae volsellares of the European populations of Solenopsis. ...
The Egyptian species of the ant genus Solenopsis Westwood, 1840, are revised and keyed. Four species are recognized: S. cooperi Donisthorpe, 1947; S. lou Forel, 1902; S. occipitalis Santschi, 1911; and S. kochi Finzi, 1936 (stat. n.). Solenopsis occipitalis is recorded for the first time from Egypt. Solenopsis kochi is redescribed and elevated to species rank. Solenopsis bakri Sharaf, 2007 is synonymized under S. cooperi. The workers of S. cooperi are described for the first time, males and alate gynes are measured, and ecological notes on habitats are given. Available literature records of all the species are reviewed.
Preliminary information is given about the nuptial flight, nest foundation, breeding in artificial nests. In addition, the systematic position of the taxon is discussed.
Proformica ferreri, dcrite de Madrid, semblait rare en France. Elle est cependant dominante (157 nids, soit 36% du total des fourmilires trouves) sur les crtes karstiques de la Sainte-Baume, 39 km NE de Marseille. La reine est probablement absente, et chaque population est faible (20 220 par nid). La vgtation des lieux peupls montre une influence favorable desGenista et desBrachypodium: les 4 principales Fourmis concurrentes recherchent beaucoup moins l'abri entre les touffes de Gents et l'abondance desBrachypodium.Seulement 7 nids, en 7 stations distinctes, contenaient des nourrices, gastre 2 7 fois plus volumineux que la normale, et les nids voisins des mmes stations en taient dpourvus.CetteProformica, sans reines et nourrices occasionnelles, est un cas primitif, compar celui deP. nasuta (Nyl.), qui a toujours des nourrices, plus volumineuses, et de grosses reines.
Proformica ferreri, primarily a Spanish Ant, has been thought to be rare in France. It was, however, common (157 nests- 36% of all nests found) on the karst ridges of La Sainte-Baume mountain, NE of marseille. No queens were found, and worker populations were small (20 to 220 per nest). Nests distribution with respect to vegetation shows a favourable influence ofGenista andBrachypodium, although competitor species make much less use of the shelters between tufts of brooms and of the abundantBrachypodium.Only 7 of the 157 nests, in 7 separate stations, contained nurse workers with gasters 2–7 times as voluminous as in normal.This species ofProformica, having no queens and only occasionally nurse workers, is an interesting case, to be compared withP. nasuta, which seems always to have queens and nurses, the latter much larger than those ofP. ferreri.
The venom alkaloid compositions of workers from 29 populations of about 13 New World fire ant species (genus Solenopsis) have been investigated in an attempt to correlate this potential character with the current views of the taxonomy of this genus. The venom compositions from populations of a species from widely separated areas are quite uniform, but in some cases, closely related species cannot be reliably distinguished by this one criterion. At least some species possessing an anomalous morphology also produce venoms of anomalous composition. All venoms are dominated by 2,6-dialkylpiperidines, although long-chain alkanes were detected in the venom of one species of Solenopsis. Some chemotaxonomic and biosynthetic implications of these data are discussed.
Current classifications of subfamily Myrmicinae stem from the work of Emery, most recently formulated in 1922. With the exception of a few well-defined tribes, the remainder (and bulk) of the Myrmicinae is composed of alarge group of genera exhibiting close phyletic relationships and many bewildering series of convergences. These genera previously have not been clearly defined and classified due to the too-frequent use of superficial habitus characters. The present paper examines new, as well as old disused, taxonomic characters, especially meristic ones, and applies these to a critical analysis of tribes Solenopsidini and Pheidologetini of authors. The old conventional tribal groupings prove to have little utility, and pending a re-examination of the remainder of the Myrmicinae, the use of informal genus groups is recommended. Replacing the two traditional tribes are four genus groups, related respectively to Monomorium, Megalomyrmex, Solenopsis, and Pheidologeton, and a number of genera are excluded from these groups. All the genera are redefined with extensive synonymies. All the currently unchallenged species-level names in these genera are listed with bibliographic citations, and a brief review is given of the present status of larval taxonomy.
The male reproductive system of the army ant, Eciton hamatum Fabricius
- J Forbes
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Formicina austriaca. Beschreibung der bisher in österreichischen Kaiserstaate aufgefundenen Ameisen nebst Hinzufügung jener in Deutschland
- G L Mayr
- G. L. Mayr
Untersuchungen über den männlichen Copulationsapparat der Ameisen, speciell der Formicinae. Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges
- R Clausen
Untersuchungen über den männlichen Copulationsapparat der Ameisen
- R Clausen
- R. Clausen
The male genitalia and terminal gastral segments of two species of the primitive ant genus Myrmecia (Hymenoptera:Formicidae)
- J. Forbes