ArticlePDF Available

Abstract

This research conceptualizes and develops a scale to measure individual differences in the centrality of visual product aesthetics (CVPA), defined as the level of significance that visual aesthetics hold for a particular consumer in his/her relationship with products. Three related dimensions of product aesthetics centrality emerged from the research: value, acumen, and response intensity. A series of eight studies provided evidence that the CVPA measure possesses satisfactory reliability and validity. Additionally, this research illuminates important differences between high and low CVPA consumers in product-design-related evaluations and behaviors and provides suggestions for future research employing the scale. Copyright 2003 by the University of Chicago.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Individual differences in the centrality of visual product aesthetics: Conce...
Peter H Bloch; Frederic F Brunel; Todd J Arnold
Journal of Consumer Research; Mar 2003; 29, 4; ABI/INFORM Global
pg. 551
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
... Furthermore, we controlled for design acumen, defined as a consumer's ability to recognize, categorize, and evaluate product designs (Bloch et al., 2003). Consumers with high design acumen are assumed to make sensory connections faster and exhibit more sophisticated preferences concerning object design (Csikszentmihalyi & Robinson, 1990). ...
... Design Acumen (Bloch et al., 2003) Being able to see subtle differences in product design is one skill that I have developed over time. I see things in a product's design that other people tend to pass over. ...
Article
Augmented reality (AR) integrates virtual content into consumers' physical environment. Although research suggests that consumers' perceptions of augmentation quality-the perceived merge of the virtual and real world-affect relevant consumer variables, the literature has not developed a comprehensive measure that adequately captures the construct nor integrated it meaningfully with theory-relevant outcomes. Grounded theory and standard scale development procedures are applied to understand what comprises perceptions of augmentation quality and how to measure it to distinguish low-from high-quality AR-marketing attempts. The findings suggest that quality perceptions in AR consist of a second-order factor, augmentation quality, represented by three first-order factors (design, interaction, and embedding quality). In addition, this research demonstrates that high augmentation quality creates a sense of local presence, i.e., the sensation that the augmented object experienced with AR is real and present to the consumer. The research then theoretically integrates these factors into a more comprehensive model, tying it firmly into the nomological net. In particular, augmentation quality-mediated by local presence-affects utilitarian and hedonic outcomes as well as behavioral actions. Managerial implications for understanding and using AR marketing are presented.
... Brand logo design and color choices directly influence consumers' affective experiences and emotional responses, affecting their attitudes and loyalty [83]. Visual elements can enhance a brand's emotional connection by creating aesthetic pleasure and a more profound consumer experience during brand interactions [84]. Bloch et al. [84] further noted that individual differences in visual product aesthetics directly affect consumer attitudes toward the brand and purchase intentions, suggesting that visual aesthetics have a broad and profound impact on brand experience. ...
... Visual elements can enhance a brand's emotional connection by creating aesthetic pleasure and a more profound consumer experience during brand interactions [84]. Bloch et al. [84] further noted that individual differences in visual product aesthetics directly affect consumer attitudes toward the brand and purchase intentions, suggesting that visual aesthetics have a broad and profound impact on brand experience. In addition, the visual appeal of store layouts and display designs can prolong consumers' in-store stays and attract their attention, thus increasing their purchase intention [85]. ...
Article
Full-text available
This study investigated the impact of Octomodal Mental Imagery (OMI) on brand experience and authenticity in advocating sustainable development and responding to the lack of brand experience and customers’ growing demand for authentic brands. The research employed online questionnaire surveys and data collection via Sojump, resulting in 428 valid responses. The collected data were subjected to quantitative analysis, and the study’s hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. The results showed that all the sensory attributes of OMI (visual, auditory, tactile, gustatory, olfactory) positively influenced customers’ brand experience. All the structural attributes of OMI (autonomy, spatial, kinesthetic) positively influenced customers’ brand experience. This study also found that customers’ brand experience positively influenced brand authenticity, while social presence positively moderated the relationship. This study provides branding managers and scholars with a new reference point and scientific data support for companies to implement brand strategies and marketing models, which will help brands to maintain sustainable development in a competitive business environment.
... These studies offer valuable insights into the neural basis of aesthetic perception and its cognitive and emotional dimensions. Bloch, Brunel, and Arnold (2003) in study published in the Journal of Consumer Research, 'investigate individual differences in the centrality of visual product aesthetics and its impact on consumer evaluation'. Through their research, the authors found that products perceived as aesthetically pleasing were evaluated more positively by consumers. ...
... Both studies highlight the importance of visual aesthetics in consumer evaluation and product preference. Bloch, Brunel and Arnold (2003) found that products perceived as aesthetically pleasing were evaluated more positively by consumers, emphasizing the role of visual aesthetics in shaping consumer preferences. On the other hand, Orth, Malkewitz, and Rentz (2010) demonstrated that visually appealing packaging significantly increased product desirability and purchase intentions among consumers, highlighting the strategic importance of aesthetic considerations in product marketing. ...
Article
This paper explores the profound influence of aesthetics in product advertising. Aesthetic appeal plays a pivotal role in capturing consumer attention, fostering emotional connections, and shaping brand perceptions. Through an interdisciplinary examination of psychology, marketing, and design principles, this paper delves into the mechanisms through which aesthetics impact consumer behavior and purchase decisions. By analyzing case studies and empirical research, it elucidates the significance of visual and sensory elements in advertising campaigns. Additionally, the paper discusses the ethical considerations and challenges associated with leveraging aesthetics in advertising practices. Ultimately, it underscores the critical role of aesthetics in creating compelling narratives and enhancing brand engagement in the competitive marketplace. We, therefore, recommended the following: The management of manufacturing firms / advertisers should allocate resources to enhance the visual appeal of advertisements, ensuring that they are aesthetically pleasing and attention-grabbing,: incorporate storytelling techniques that evoke emotions and resonate with the target audience, leveraging the power of narrative to create meaningful connections, and establish a consistent aesthetic style across advertising campaigns to reinforce brand identity and enhance brand recognition, among others.
... Sensitivity: Descriptors or sensations refer to pleasant sensory experiences with a brand such as its visual appearance, scent, shape, or advertising (Cho et al., 2015). Therefore, this sensuality and aesthetics play a strong relationship with the customer's strong memory (Bloch et al., 2003). The reliability level was reported as 0.80 based on the investigated index. ...
Article
Full-text available
Mystical tourism could have a significant role in the development of tourism industry. It is also possible to achieve a significant contribution by investing in the pristine sector of mystical tourism and create an authentic Iranian mystical cultural space. Considering the characteristic of a mystical tourist, which is generally spiritual and cognitive issues, gaining inner peace and the meaning of existence, it should be taken into consideration in branding a mystical destination. For this reason, this research tries to investigate The effect of visiting the mystical destination brand on love and fascination with the destination brand. In addition, the cultural destination of tourism can be created with a strong relationship between tourism and culture. Attarnishaburi tomb is one of the potential tourist areas that has the ability to attract tourists at the national and international level with unique historical, cultural, and religious features. The current research was conducted on the people who visited the tomb of Atar Neishaburi in the winter of 1400. Among the current population, 348 people were selected as a research sample based on Cochran's formula with the available sampling method. Statistical calculations were performed by SPSS and Amos software, and the structural equation modeling method was used to check the conceptual model of the research. The findings of the research indicate that brand awareness in mystical tourism according to the criteria of expectation from the brand, consumer brand allocation, secrets, sensitivity to the brand, intimacy and interest in the brand, respect for the brand, in terms of the fit of the tourist with The destination brand creates a positive and meaningful impact. The presence of an important relationship between tourists and the brand, with enjoyable experiences gained from the brand, creates more trust in the brand. The experiences created in connection with the brand can have potential positive effects on trust and satisfaction with the brand. One of the most important tasks of brand managers is to understand a set of associations around the brand because it can be valuable in the brand. Keywords: Brand Congruency Mystical Cultural Tourism Destination Corresponding author
... Sensitivity: Descriptors or sensations refer to pleasant sensory experiences with a brand such as its visual appearance, scent, shape, or advertising (Cho et al., 2015). Therefore, this sensuality and aesthetics play a strong relationship with the customer's strong memory (Bloch et al., 2003). The reliability level was reported as 0.80 based on the investigated index. ...
Article
Full-text available
Mystical tourism could have a significant role in the development of tourism industry. It is also possible to achieve a significant contribution by investing in the pristine sector of mystical tourism and create an authentic Iranian mystical cultural space. Considering the characteristic of a mystical tourist, which is generally spiritual and cognitive issues, gaining inner peace and the meaning of existence, it should be taken into consideration in branding a mystical destination. For this reason, this research tries to investigate The effect of visiting the mystical destination brand on love and fascination with the destination brand. In addition, the cultural destination of tourism can be created with a strong relationship between tourism and culture. Attarnishaburi tomb is one of the potential tourist areas that has the ability to attract tourists at the national and international level with unique historical, cultural, and religious features. The current research was conducted on the people who visited the tomb of Atar Neishaburi in the winter of 1400. Among the current population, 348 people were selected as a research sample based on Cochran's formula with the available sampling method. Statistical calculations were performed by SPSS and Amos software, and the structural equation modeling method was used to check the conceptual model of the research. The findings of the research indicate that brand awareness in mystical tourism according to the criteria of expectation from the brand, consumer brand allocation, secrets, sensitivity to the brand, intimacy and interest in the brand, respect for the brand, in terms of the fit of the tourist with The destination brand creates a positive and meaningful impact. The presence of an important relationship between tourists and the brand, with enjoyable experiences gained from the brand, creates more trust in the brand. The experiences created in connection with the brand can have potential positive effects on trust and satisfaction with the brand. One of the most important tasks of brand managers is to understand a set of associations around the brand because it can be valuable in the brand. Keywords: Brand Congruency Mystical Cultural Tourism Destination Corresponding author
... On this topic, extensive research efforts in measuring preferences, appreciation and aesthetic judgment have been made, and several tools for measuring aesthetics may be found (e.g. Bamossy et al. 1983;Bloch et al. 2003;Costa and McCrae 1992;Götz 1979). From analysis it emerges that the main questions submitted in the different application cases generally refer to both actions (e.g. ...
Article
Full-text available
Quality in public transport is a widely discussed topic from both the user's and operator's perspective. With respect to the passenger’s standpoint, the aim of this research was to ascertain whether (and in what way) the traveler’s “quality perception” of high-standard stations could be differently affected by his/her individual attitudes/perceptions, such as to influence mobility choices. To this end, a mobility survey was performed in Naples (Italy) where two metro options, comparable with respect to service characteristics and the connections delivered, differ only in the quality standard of the stations. A binomial Hybrid Choice Model with Latent Variables (LVs) was estimated, jointly with a traditional Logit model as a benchmark. Three LVs proved significant and able to model/quantify the relevance of individual attitudes/perceptions (of “comfort”, “art” and “safety”). Estimation results show that users with an average comfort perception are willing to spend up to 15 min/trip (2.67 Euro/trip) more for high-quality service; users with an average art perception are willing to spend more time traveling (9 min/trip or 1.5 Euro/trip). Furthermore, for this specific (and perhaps unique) case study investigated, the station with greater attention to aesthetics quality is also perceived as safer than other.
Article
Purpose The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the role of product design (PD) and consumer brand engagement (CBE) in boosting brand loyalty (BL). Through a dimension-level analysis using the Stimulus–Organism–Response framework and visual perception theory, it examines the relationship between BL and PD dimensions (aesthetics, functionality and symbolism) as well as CBE dimensions (cognitive processing, affection and activation). Design/methodology/approach This study proposes a conceptual model for PD, CBE and BL interrelationships and employs partial least squares structural equation modeling to examine the model using data from 565 smartphone users in the United States. Findings The study finds that PD aesthetics, while having a marginally positive effect on BL, significantly enhances all dimensions of CBE. PD functionality demonstrates a more complex influence, positively affecting the affection and activation dimensions of CBE while negatively impacting cognitive processing and slightly hindering BL. PD symbolism prevails as a robust booster for BL and all CBE dimensions. The current study also reports positive direct effects of the affection and activation dimensions of CBE on BL. Furthermore, this research uncovers the mediating effects of CBE affection and CBE activation on the relationship between PD dimensions and BL. Practical implications The present research enhances our understanding of PD as a dynamic and strategic tool for improving firms’ branding performance and offers managerial insights into the complex interdependencies between PD, CBE and BL. Originality/value The paper empirically demonstrates how PD serves as a powerful branding tool to enhance CBE and, ultimately, foster and sustain BL, shifting the perception of PD from a static outcome to a strategic driver of positive branding results. It addresses the gap between marketing and design fields and contributes to the literature by demonstrating the multifaceted relationships between PD, CBE and BL.
Article
Purpose Consumers seeking detailed product information pose challenges to managers hoping to optimize product displays. Although additional product information may entice consumers, it may also repel them with overcrowded displays. The purpose of this paper is to propose and test a subtle method to help marketers mitigate overcrowding in information-rich product displays: visually contrasting the foreground objects in the product display. Design/methodology/approach The authors report one field and two lab experiments that test their hypotheses. (An additional lab experiment is included in the Web Appendix). Findings This study shows that visually contrasting foreground objects from one another can reduce perceived display crowdedness (mediator), increase perceived display aesthetics (mediator) and increase shopping intentions (dependent measure), effects that increase with the consumer’s aesthetics appreciation (moderator). These findings are important because managers may fear visually contrasting foreground objects in product displays, as was confirmed in a motivational study in which managers preferred a lower-contrasted display over a higher-contrasted display, even though the higher-contrasted display outperformed the lower-contrasted display in click-through-rates. Originality/value Prior research indicates that increasing the interstitial space among products in a display can reduce display crowdedness and improve display evaluations while increasing shopping intentions. However, the extra interstitial space takes up room and thus sacrifices the amount of product information “above the fold” on a Web page. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to propose increasing visual contrast between foreground objects in a product display to reduce crowdedness and increase shopping intentions.
Article
Full-text available
In this article, we provide guidance for substantive researchers on the use of structural equation modeling in practice for theory testing and development. We present a comprehensive, two-step modeling approach that employs a series of nested models and sequential chi-square difference tests. We discuss the comparative advantages of this approach over a one-step approach. Considerations in specification, assessment of fit, and respecification of measurement models using confirmatory factor analysis are reviewed. As background to the two-step approach, the distinction between exploratory and confirmatory analysis, the distinction between complementary approaches for theory testing versus predictive application, and some developments in estimation methods also are discussed.
Chapter
Aestheticians love to argue about the rudiments of their craft. It is a professional temptation to which they are peculiarly prone. Indeed the interminable disputations on what Aesthetics is about sometimes reminds one of those committees which spend so much of their time debating their own constitution and procedure that they are eventually dissolved before they have got around to broaching the matters upon which they were set up to advise. But even when people differ most vociferously, in order for disagreement to be possible at all there must be some common ground of understanding, some unformulated awareness, however vague, of what it is they are in disagreement about. Within very broad limits, then, we know what it is we are talking about when we become involved in aesthetic discussion, and pretty well everyone would accept that mapping the anatomy of aesthetic experience is of central importance as groundwork for the exploration of aesthetic problems. But on this also there are several different lines of approach.
Article
The study examined perceptions of advertising stimuli presented in an all-verbal or all-visual format. Three response criteria were investigated: utilitarian/rational perceptions, aesthetic/emotional perceptions and familiarity perceptions. Hypotheses that utilitarian/rational perceptions would be associated with all-verbal advertising stimuli and familiarity perceptions would be associated with all-visual advertising stimuli were supported. A third hypothesis that aesthetic/ emotional perceptions would be associated with all-visual advertising stimuli received mixed support.