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Strategic Management: Competitiveness and Globalization: Concepts
... and cultural attitudes, affect consumer behaviour, while technological advancements shape innovation and competitive advantages. Finally, legal factors, including compliance requirements and labor laws, dictate operational boundaries and risks (Hitt et al., 2020). These dimensions collectively provide critical insights into the business environment. ...
... However, this review focuses on Political, Economic, Social, Technological, and Legal dimensions due to their prominence in existing literature and immediate relevance to business practices. According to Hitt et al. (2020), PESTLE is not only a diagnostic tool but also a predictive model that helps businesses anticipate external changes and adjust their strategies accordingly. ...
... For instance, political decisions often influence economic conditions, while technological advancements can reshape legal frameworks. Empirical studies suggest that businesses adopting a holistic view of their macro-environment achieve greater strategic alignment and operational efficiency (Hitt et al., 2020). ...
The macro-environment encompasses external forces and conditions that significantly influence organizational operations and performance. These forces, categorized through the PESTLE framework-Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental factors-affect strategic decision-making and market positioning. This paper focuses on the impact of Political, Economic, Social, Technological, and Legal dimensions, emphasizing their immediate relevance to business practices. Political stability and regulatory frameworks are critical for fostering investors' confidence and operational efficiency, while economic conditions such as inflation and exchange rate fluctuations shape profitability and market demand. Social trends, including demographic changes and consumer preferences for sustainability, drive business innovation and customer engagement. Technological advancements, particularly in digitalization and automation, redefine competitive dynamics and operational efficiency. Lastly, legal frameworks, including labor laws and compliance requirements, set operational boundaries and risk levels for organizations. Employing a qualitative approach, this study integrates insights from secondary sources such as academic journals, industry reports, and case studies. Findings reveal that businesses must adopt proactive strategies to navigate these external factors effectively. The interconnectedness of PESTLE indicators underscores the complexity of macro-environmental impacts, where changes in one dimension often influence others. For instance, political instability can trigger economic downturns, while technological innovations reshape social and legal landscapes. This paper highlights the necessity of strategic adaptability in leveraging opportunities and mitigating risks within the macro-environment. By understanding these dynamics, businesses can ensure resilience and sustainability in an increasingly volatile and competitive global landscape.
... Unilever, which operates in over 180 countries, historically adopted a highly decentralized structure, granting regional managers significant autonomy to adapt products to local markets. However, in recent years, Unilever has sought to increase coordination among its subsidiaries, signaling a potential transition toward a transnational strategy (Hitt, Ireland & Hoskisson, 2017). Firms adopting a multidomestic approach often develop distinct business models tailored to each host market, which may limit synergies across operations (Tallman et al., 2018). ...
... In contrast, a global strategy follows a centralized approach, where strategic decisions are determined at the home office. IKEA exemplifies this model by centralizing key activities such as design and packaging, allowing the company to achieve economies of scale and ensure global product consistency (Hitt et al., 2017). Within a global strategy, business models emphasize harmonization across borders, leveraging core capabilities to maximize operational efficiency (Tallman et al., 2018). ...
... A transnational strategy seeks to balance global efficiency with local responsiveness. Mondelēz International, a spinoff from Kraft, employs this approach by maintaining standardized global brands while simultaneously developing localized products to suit specific market needs (Hitt, Ireland & Hoskisson, 2017). Companies pursuing a transnational strategy often centralize "core" capabilities while adapting downstream aspectsparticularly in value delivery and value captureto local market dynamics (Tallman et al., 2018). ...
In an era marked by rapid technological advancements, artificial intelligence (AI), shifting market dynamics, and heightened global interconnectedness, traditional global business models have become insufficient. This study aims to address this gap by proposing a practical, multidisciplinary framework that adapts to the current global business environment. The existing literature on international business (IB) has primarily been grounded in outdated models that fail to adequately consider emerging markets, technological disruptions, and the challenges posed by aging populations. This study critically reviews the limitations of classical frameworks, such as the OLI Eclectic Paradigm, and offers a fresh perspective on dynamic capabilities and the necessity for continuous innovation in global business models. Using a qualitative exploratory methodology, this paper examines case studies of multinational corporations (MNCs) that have successfully adapted their business models to modern realities. Our findings suggest that firms capable of embedding adaptability, innovation, and agility into their business strategies are more likely to achieve sustained global success. This research contributes to the evolving discourse on global business strategies by emphasizing the importance of dynamic capabilities in navigating the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environment.
... In recent years, there has been a rise in interest in Strategic Management in all of its manifestations: as a body of knowledge, as a subfield of academic study, and as a business approach. According to the history of business, the reason for its widespread adoption is that it has been supporting company management in addressing business obstacles and competitions posed by business operations in order to ensure the success and sustainability of the enterprise (Hitt, 2017;David, 2011). ...
... Apple, a technology company, with its distinctive products; Alibaba, an e-commerce company, with its global market coverage; and Google, a technology company, with its dominance in internet-based products and services, are examples of corporations whose outstanding performances were driven through Strategic Management approach. Apple established a product differentiation strategy, Alibaba executed an appropriate worldwide market strategy, and Google innovated its products and services consistently (Hitt et al., 2017(Hitt et al., , 2009. Strategic Management has assisted corporate management in achieving above-average industry performance. ...
... Average returns are returns equal to those an investor expects to earn from other investments with a similar amount of risk. This strategic management process increasingly finds its urgency in the ever-changing business environment and increasingly fierce business competition; characterized by economic globalization and increasingly rapid technological progress/changes (Hitt, et al., 2017(Hitt, et al., , 2009David, 2011;David and David, 2017). ...
Strategic Management has attracted the interest of numerous experts and practitioners, as well as Islamic education experts and practitioners. In addition, they believe that strategic management may help Islamic educational institutions carry out their operations, hence it is assumed that strategic management is fully applied in Islamic educational institutions. This study seeks to investigate and clarify the notion of strategic management in the context of Islamic educational institutions. This study concludes that the (conventional) strategic management concept cannot be fully implemented in Islamic educational institutions because the conventional strategic management concept is constructed within a business context, emphasizing the significance of competitiveness and obtaining returns above the average competitor. This study provides a new concept of strategic Islamic management for Islamic educational institutions, based on the premise that collaboration is more fundamental than competition, and that maintaining organizational sustainability and the quality of education given requires excellence (ihsan).
... This model aids in the development of strategies that account for competitive dynamics. (2008) Another essential model is the PESTEL analysis, which evaluates an organization's external environment by examining Political, Economic, Sociocultural, Technological, Environmental, and Legal factors (Hitt et al., 2017). By using the PESTEL framework, organizations can identify emerging trends and challenges, providing valuable input for strategic planning. ...
... Strategic frameworks are also pivotal in facilitating decision-making in specific contexts. The BCG Matrix, for instance, is particularly useful for portfolio management by categorizing a company's products or business units into stars, cash cows, question marks, or dogs based on their market growth and relative market share (Hitt et al., 2017). Such categorization guides resource allocation and investment decisions. ...
The introduction to the comprehensive study on sustainable leadership elucidates the pivotal role of leadership in the nexus of organizational success and sustainability. It delves into the complex art and science of leadership, emphasizing its criticality not merely as a hierarchical position but as a dynamic force capable of influencing, inspiring, and mobilizing individuals toward a shared vision of improvement and innovation. Leadership, in this context, transcends conventional boundaries, encapsulating a spectrum of skills and qualities essential for steering organizations through the rapidly evolving landscapes of global business and societal challenges.
Central to this discourse is the recognition of leadership as a multifaceted endeavor, requiring a profound understanding of communication, adaptability, strategic visioning, and the nurturing of an environment conducive to creative and innovative thought processes. The text highlights the imperative for leaders to embody a balance of decisiveness and empathy, ensuring that decision-making processes are anchored in both confidence and integrity, thereby fostering a culture of trust, respect, and collective commitment to the organization's long-term sustainability goals.
Moreover, the course underscores the evolving nature of leadership in response to the shifting paradigms of the global economy, technological advancements, and societal expectations. It posits that contemporary leaders must be visionary in their approach, adept at navigating the complexities of the modern economic and social terrains, and committed to lifelong learning and self-enhancement. This adaptive leadership paradigm is essential for driving forward-thinking strategies that not only promote organizational resilience and competitiveness but also align with broader sustainability and ethical standards.
In essence, the course sets a comprehensive foundation for exploring sustainable leadership within a global context, advocating for a leadership model that integrates visionary foresight, strategic adaptability, ethical decision-making, and a commitment to fostering an organizational culture of accountability, innovation, and excellence. Through this lens, the study aims to provide a deep dive into the critical dimensions, styles, practices, and impacts of leadership on the trajectory of business sustainability, offering insights and frameworks that can guide organizations in cultivating leadership capabilities that are responsive to the demands of a rapidly changing world.
... Collaboration, a cornerstone of organizational strategy, continues to evolve in tandem with the dynamic nature of the business landscape. Strategic alliances, characterized by cooperative ventures among organizations, represent a prominent manifestation of collaborative efforts to achieve shared objectives (Hitt, Ireland, & Hoskisson, 2017). Over time, the scope and complexity of strategic alliances have expanded, encompassing a diverse array of collaborative arrangements spanning industries and geographies (Gulati, 1998). ...
... Strategic alliances are a prevalent feature of modern business landscapes, driven by many motivations that span traditional and emerging trends. Traditional drivers, such as accessing complementary resources, sharing risks, and expanding market reach, continue to underpin the formation of collaborative ventures (Hitt, Ireland, & Hoskisson, 2017). However, the contemporary business environment is marked by transformative forces, including digitalization, globalization, and sustainability, which are reshaping alliance strategies and objectives (Kale, Singh, & Perlmutter, 2000). ...
This study investigates the dynamics, challenges, and opportunities in strategic alliances, business networking, and value-creation strategies in contemporary business environments. The research explores collaborative endeavors' motivations, mechanisms, and outcomes, drawing on insights from qualitative literature reviews and theoretical frameworks. The methodology involves a comprehensive selection of scholarly sources, systematic data collection methods, and rigorous data analysis techniques. Through thematic analysis and interpretation of existing literature, the study identifies key themes such as motivations for strategic alliances, mechanisms for value creation, and challenges in collaborative relationships. The findings reveal that strategic alliances are driven by traditional factors such as resource access and risk sharing and emerging trends like digitalization, globalization, and sustainability. Business networking is crucial in information exchange, resource access, and opportunity identification facilitated by digital platforms and online communities. Value creation in collaborative endeavors requires effective coordination, alignment of interests, and trust-building mechanisms among participating parties. The study contributes to understanding collaboration and networking dynamics, offering insights for practitioners and policymakers to foster successful partnerships and drive innovation and sustainable growth.
... Estos hallazgos son relevantes para inversionistas y agentes económicos interesados en formular políticas que promuevan la innovación y el desarrollo sostenible. ( Hitt , Ireland , & Hoskisson , 2017). ...
... In this context, the innovation process is conditioned by environmental changes, institutional factors, and relationship networks, including public financing policies for R&D( Qi et al., 2022). Tax incentives play a relevant role in innovation, since high costs can discourage R&D investments, especially when the returns are long-term( Qi et al., 2022;Zuo & Lin , 2022;Chang et al., 2022).Cui et al. (2021) argue that direct public investments can reduce this pressure, allowing equipment modernization, hiring qualified talent and adopting new technologies, which favors financial performance.From a contingency perspective, companies adjust to environmental conditions and government requirements, either by establishing operations in regions with incentives or by realigning their activities to meet demands( Hitt , Ireland & Hoskisson , 2017 ). This adaptation allows them to capture incentives and reduce costs in the execution of innovations( Ahn , Lee & Mortara , 2020;. ...
Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between geographic diversification, innovation, and tax incentives, seeking to understand how these factors interact and influence the financial performance of companies. Theoretical Framework: Based on the Resource-Based View (RBV), contingency, and internationalization theories, this study examines the inconsistencies in the literature on the relationship between geographic diversification and financial performance. The lack of analyses that consider contingency factors and innovation efforts has made it difficult to understand this interrelationship. Companies located in less developed regions face additional challenges, requiring greater allocation of their own resources for innovation, while those located in more developed regions benefit from tax incentives. Method: The methodology adopted integrates multidisciplinary approaches, incorporating organizational and regional factors. The study proposes a theoretical framework to clarify the relationship between innovation, location, and tax incentives, analyzing how these elements affect corporate financial performance. Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that geographic diversification, when associated with favorable economic environments, drives regional development. Furthermore, tax incentives play a crucial role in fostering innovation and strengthening the financial performance of companies. Research Implications: This study provides theoretical and practical contributions by demonstrating the importance of innovation and tax incentives in organizational performance. The results can assist managers and policymakers in assessing environmental contingencies, attracting investment, and formulating strategies aimed at economic growth, job creation, and improving the quality of life. Originality/Value: By integrating contingency factors into the analysis of the relationship between geographic diversification, innovation, and financial performance, the study contributes to the literature by highlighting the impact of the regional environment and public policies on business strategies. These findings are relevant for investors and economic agents interested in formulating policies that promote innovation and sustainable development.
... Pharmaceutical companies in Kenya face numerous challenges, including inadequate regulation leading to substandard drugs and unethical practices, lack of skilled professionals and R&D facilities, and intense competition with price controls limiting profitability (Ledley et al., 2020;Olow, 2020;KPSDS, 2020). Strategic leadership ethical practices, encompassing codes of conduct, ethical leadership, and rewarding ethical behavior, foster trust and improve organizational performance (Çora, 2019;Hitt et al., 2016;Amayreh, 2020). These practices form the foundation for creating social capital and cumulative goodwill in organizations (Angulo, 2020). ...
... This study was guided by the strategic leadership theory (Hitt et al., 2016), which emphasizes the role of leaders in guiding organizations toward long-term success. Ethical practices are integral to effective strategic leadership, encompassing ethical leadership, well-developed codes of conduct, and systems for rewarding ethical behavior. ...
This study sought to determine the extent to which strategic leadership ethical practices influence the organizational performance of pharmaceutical companies in Kenya. A positivism research philosophy and descriptive correlational research design guided the study. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 390 from the target population of 1,746 senior managers. Primary data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The inferential statistics used included Pearson correlation analysis, Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, and ordinal logistic regression for hypothesis testing. The results of ordinary logistic regression (Nagelkerke Pseudo R-Square) showed that strategic leadership ethical practices explained a variation of 5.4% in organizational performance, R2 =.054. Additionally, the ordinal logistic parameter estimates established strategic leadership ethical practices predicted organizational performance, β = .247, p ≤ .05. The study concluded that strategic leadership ethical practices significantly influenced the organizational performance of pharmaceutical companies in Kenya. The study recommends that pharmaceutical companies prioritize the development of ethical leadership skills among their top executives and managers. This can be achieved through leadership training programs, mentorship, and fostering a culture of ethics and integrity. The management of pharmaceutical companies should review and update their code of conduct to align with ethical principles and best practices. The code should clearly outline expected behaviours, ethical standards, and consequences for non-compliance. The management of pharmaceutical companies implements reward systems that incentivize and recognize ethical behaviour.
... Performance appraisal also plays an important role in HR management. Performance appraisal conducted objectively and transparently allows organizations to know the extent to which employees achieve their stated goals (Hitt et al., 2023). The organization can provide constructive feedback and design more targeted development programs with this assessment. ...
This study aims to explore the role of human resource management (HRM) in improving organizational performance. The main focus of this study includes proper recruitment management, employee development, HR planning, knowledge management, conflict management, and competitive compensation systems. The study's findings suggest that organizations can enhance their productivity and efficiency by implementing effective HRM practices, including selecting employees who align with their culture, providing pertinent training, and managing knowledge. Integrating HRM planning with organizational strategy also contributes to attaining long-term objectives and enhanced competitiveness. This study also emphasizes the importance of constructive conflict management and fair compensation systems in improving employee motivation and retention. In the midst of globalization, organizations that can adapt their HR to the demands of the global market will be superior in competition. In conclusion, this investigation substantiates the notion that effective human resource management (HRM) facilitates employee management and the formulation organizational strategies that facilitate long-term success
... Some view it as a distinct leadership style, align it with transformational leadership (Al-Kwifi et al., 2020;Yas et al., 2023). While other scholars argue that strategic leadership is a crucial process that develops alongside strategic management (Hitt et al., 2016.Other scholars contended with the aforementioned argument and defined 'strategic leadership' as 'the scopes and levels of the CEO, Board of Directors, and TMT,' considering upper echelon theory (Samimi et al., 2022). ...
This study empirically examines the impact of social capital on the per capita income of financial cooperative members in the Amhara regional State. Adopted explanatory and employed mixed research methods using the cross-sectional study from stratified and randomly selected 348 financial cooperative members and analyzed using multiple linear regression model through reconstructed production function. Financial cooperatives were chosen because social responsibility is a core principle of this type of organization, they serve a dual mission, which includes both business and social goals, they provide financial services to solve socioeconomic problems of members, and members trust each other sufficiently, constitute joint collateral when money is borrowed. Three types of social capital dimensions: structural, relational, and cognitive social capital is operationalized and measured in terms of members'
trust, cooperation, and understanding of shared mission and goal. The result shows that structural social capital is associated with a 1.127% and relational social capital a 0.883% increment whereas lack of cognitive social capital is associated with a 0.476% reduction in the household per capita income of financial cooperative members in the Amhara region. Among the dimensions of social capital,
structural and relational social capital was essentially important for increasing the household per capita income of members, whereas inefficient cognitive social capital diminishes the income of members. Surprisingly, the age of members significantly reduces the per capita income of members' households, whereas when the age of members squared, significantly improved the per capita income; It allows for the possibility that the effect of age on per capita income may not be linear but may vary based on the age of the members and this could be validated by the fact that the members over time become familiar with improved production practices to expand their output and, increase their household per capita income. Overall, social capital has a significant impact on members' household per capita income along
three dimensions, and, hence, it should be a critical area of focus for development practitioners, and policymakers, public policy must be directed towards improving dimensions of social capital through cooperation, trust, and shared mission to enhance members per capita income.
... The principal of At-Taqwa Islamic Elementary and Middle School applies strategic leadership, namely: being able to anticipate possibilities that may occur in the school, being able to empower teachers and employees in every school activity, and being able to make strategic changes for the progress of the school. This finding is in accordance with the theory of Hitt et al (2007). ...
This research aims to analyze the strategic leadership used by the Islamic Education Institute At-Taqwa Pamulang Foundation, South Tangerang City. The application of strategic leadership is one of the efforts to improve the quality carried out by At-Taqwa Pamulang Islamic Elementary and Middle School, South Tangerang City. This research uses qualitative methods with the research location at At-Taqwa Pamulang Islamic Elementary and Middle School, South Tangerang City. Data was obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. Interviews were conducted with school principals, teachers, employees and parents. Respondents for the interview were 30 people. This research concludes that Strategic leadership has been implemented at At-Taqwa Islamic Elementary and Middle School. The application of strategic leadership takes the form of schools preparing plans to achieve the expected educational goals. School planning is based on the school's vision, mission and goals, and takes into account the school's SWOT analysis. Schools prepare RKS, RAPBS, and SOP. The implementation of strategic leadership results in improved school quality. This research contributes to the literature in examining the application of strategic leadership in Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia.
... Strategic Management Theory emphasizes the importance of deliberate planning, execution, and continuous evaluation in achieving organizational objectives. It posits that organizations perform better when they adopt a structured approach to strategy formulation and implementation (Hitt, Ireland, & Hoskisson, 2020). The theory underlines the role of leadership, communication, and alignment of resources in transforming strategic goals into actionable outcomes. ...
Purpose: This study sought to examine the effect of strategic plans implementation drivers on performance at Gusii Water and Sanitation Company (GWASCO). Specifically, the study investigated the influence of leadership involvement, resource allocation, employee participation, and monitoring and evaluation on organizational performance. Methodology: A descriptive research design was adopted, primary and secondary data was collected using structured questionnaires administered to GWASCO employees. The target population included departmental heads, supervisors, and operational staff. Data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, including correlation and regression analysis, to determine the relationships between the independent variables and performance outcomes. Findings: Through regression analysis, the study found that all four factors Leadership Involvement, Resource Allocation, Employee Participation, and Monitoring and Evaluation had a positive and statistically significant impact on organizational performance. Among these, Monitoring and Evaluation emerged as the most influential factor, followed by Leadership Involvement, Employee Participation, and Resource Allocation. The regression model explained 74% of the variance in performance, with the overall model being statistically significant (p-value = 0.000). Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study recommends that organizations focus on strengthening these areas to enhance performance and sustain long-term success. Additionally, future research could explore industry-specific dynamics, the role of technology, and the influence of organizational culture in shaping these relationships.
... In addition, foreign research has also extensively covered many aspects of HR strategy, cross-cultural communication skills, and globalization leadership of multinational enterprises in the context of globalization, which provide rich theoretical resources for understanding the impact of HRM on the market competitiveness of multinational corporations. Michael A. Hitt et al. have also elaborated on the opportunities and challenges faced by multinational corporations in the context of globalization as well as the HRM irreplaceable in the construction of global competitive advantage of MNCs [6]. ...
In today's context of global economic integration, multinational corporations (MNCs) are facing unprecedented market challenges and opportunities. This paper deeply explores how human resource management, as a core driving force, influences and enhances the market competitiveness of multinational corporations (MNCs). Through an extensive review of domestic and international related literature and case studies of successful MNCs, this paper systematically investigates the multidimensional mechanisms of efficient HRM practices. The results show that these practices not only significantly enhance the market adaptability of MNCs, enabling them to respond quickly to environmental changes. They also effectively stimulate the innovation vitality within the organization and promote the continuous iteration and upgrade of products and services, and at the same time, they also significantly improve the brand influence of the enterprise and enhance market recognition. Based on this, this paper provides multinational corporations with specific suggestions for optimizing human resource management strategies, aiming to help them build stronger market competitiveness, and this research result is of great practical significance to the strategic planning and daily management of multinational corporations.
... However, there is a reciprocal relationship between organisations and the environment. That is, this reciprocal relationship causes an organisation's operational activities to impact the environment, and the environment may weaken an organisation's capability to perform well (Hitt et al., 2016). Consequently, based on these prior findings, the full assessment of environmental outcomes and organisational performance should account for this reciprocation between organisation and the environment. ...
This study explores how the sustainability balanced scorecard (SBSC)
incorporates endogenous (actions created by an organisation) and exogenous
environmental risk (actions or events external to an organisation) factors. The
study's motivation is the traditional balanced scorecard’s (TBSC’s) limited ability
to capture organisational environmental risks and resource resilience actions
effectively. Public healthcare organisations' use of TBSC suggests its sensitivity to
healthcare organisations’ external and internal environment changes, but with
limited investigations. Data collected by interviews from a large Australian
regional public health organisation were thematically analysed. The findings
suggest SBSC is a more useful tool than TBSC in recognising and distinguishing
a public healthcare system’s internally generated endogenous environmental
practices, such as disposal of surgical waste products, and exogenous
environmental risk factors including climate change impacts, natural disasters, and
pandemics. The study provides two important contributions. First is a preliminary
guide to identify and monitor actions that mitigate exposure to exogenous
environmental risks and build resilience. Second, a new direction for the SBSC's
theoretical development is identified by the findings, highlighting the use of the
fifth perspective to monitor the response to exogenous conditions and resilience of
the organisation to such risks.
... Many firms seek high performance, leading to growth and profit over an extended period (Kirby, 2005). Strategy is an integrated and coordinated set of commitments and actions designed to exploit core competencies and gain a competitive advantage (Hitt, Ireland, & Hoskisson, 2011), leading to sustained profitable growth (Collins & Porras, 1994). There is no universal definition of sustained profitable growth, but it is commonly understood as above-average profit and growth relative to a reference set (such as industry) that persists over a long-term period (Wiggins & Ruefli, 2002). ...
Firms adopt different strategies to achieve sustained profitable growth. We argue that the success of sustained profitable growth relies on the alignment between a firm's prior and subsequent strategy. This study views a firm's prior strategy, i.e., growth-oriented vs profit-oriented, as a primary driver of future sustained profitable growth. We adopt the resource-based view to understand the types of resources required for these two strategies. We argue that to achieve sustained profitable growth, growth-oriented firms need to enhance their firm-specific advantages by developing valuable, rare, inimitable, and non-substitutable resources such as technology and brand. In comparison, profit-oriented firms must identify versatile resources to capture growth opportunities and manage growth by successfully replicating their profitable operations. Low turnover in senior management could help profit-oriented firms achieve this goal. We find support for the arguments in a sample of 3,802 listed firms worldwide from 1992 to 2019.
... alam, flora dan fauna, manusia, dan hubungan di antara mereka. Sementara itu, (Hitt et al. (2001) mendefinisikan lingkungan industri sebagai kumpulan faktor-faktor yang mengancam pelaku bisnis baru, pemasok, pembeli, produk, substitusi, dan tingkat persaingan di antara para pesaing yang ada. berdampak langsung pada bisnis. ...
... Müasir işçi qüvvəsi yaş, mədəniyyət və fərqli gözləntilər baxımından getdikcə daha çox müxtəliflik nümayiş etdirir. İnnovativ HCM yanaşmaları KOB-ların bu müxtəliflikdən inklüzivliyi, əməkdaşlığı və çarpaz funksional öyrənməni təşviq etməklə faydalanmasına imkan verir (Hitt, & Ireland, 2020). ...
... Müasir işçi qüvvəsi yaş, mədəniyyət və fərqli gözləntilər baxımından getdikcə daha çox müxtəliflik nümayiş etdirir. İnnovativ HCM yanaşmaları KOB-ların bu müxtəliflikdən inklüzivliyi, əməkdaşlığı və çarpaz funksional öyrənməni təşviq etməklə faydalanmasına imkan verir (Hitt, & Ireland, 2020). ...
... In this research, the RBV Theory is the basis for explaining how companies can achieve good market performance and maintain a competitive advantage by using the resources and capabilities they have (Hitt et al., 2019). The RBV theory helps in understanding the relationship between digital marketing, digital accounting, and competitive strategy, as well as how managing unique and valuable resources in a digital environment can influence MSME market performance. ...
This research aims to analyze the impact of digital marketing, digital accounting, and competitive strategies on enhancing the market performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the digital era. Given the significant challenges and opportunities faced by MSMEs, this study explores how digital marketing can expand market reach and improve customer engagement, while digital accounting enhances financial transparency and operational efficiency. Additionally, competitive strategy is identified as a crucial factor in establishing a sustainable competitive advantage. The study focuses on MSMEs in Banyumas Regency, utilizing a sample of 106 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares (PLS) statistical methods. The findings indicate that digital marketing, digital accounting, and competitive strategy positively influence the market performance of MSMEs. This research underscores the importance of adopting digital technologies in MSME operations, demonstrating their effectiveness in facilitating various business activities and improving overall competitiveness.
... Literature evidence: According to Yang and Shen [135], a framework involving various stakeholders fosters better collaboration in diverse environments where conflicts may emerge. The cross-functional team also enables the integration of different disciplines in the decision-making process to ensure comprehensive problem-solving, which promotes accountability [136]. Other studies also mentioned that cross-functional teams can simplify bureaucratic processes to avoid delays [137] and provide rich learning spaces to develop team competency [138]. ...
One of Indonesia’s sustainability targets is achieving full energy transitions and net zero emissions by 2060 or sooner. Thus, significant strides and massive investments are being made to revolutionise the development and delivery of infrastructure projects, particularly in the energy sector. The State Electricity Company is driving these advances, targeting a surge in renewable energy usage to 23% by 2025 and 31% by 2050. Despite these efforts, progress remains critically low, highlighting the urgent need for more effective strategies and execution. A comprehensive understanding of the critical success factors (CSFs) and barriers—and how they influence these projects—is essential to ensuring their successful delivery. This study aims to identify and model the influences of various CSFs and barriers to renewable energy projects’ success in Indonesia. Using a questionnaire survey with 182 respondents, this study explored the critical success factors, key challenges, and applicable strategies. The data were analysed using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. The analysis revealed four critical success factors, including stakeholders’ collaboration and project supervision, and 10 key challenges, including insufficient planning, poor stakeholder communication, and unrealistic cost and time estimation. The strategies involved a cross-functional framework for effective collaboration, early consultation for integrating collaboration and supervision, and frequent reporting for enhanced supervision. These strategies are crucial to addressing emerging challenges in renewable energy projects and achieving sustainable development goals in Indonesia.
... Furthermore, as echoed in the case studies discussed in the findings, leveraging local expertise can potentially enhance the efficacy of due diligence processes. Local experts, with their nuanced understanding of market dynamics, can offer invaluable insights, facilitating a more grounded and informed investment strategy (Hitt et al., 2019). ...
This article critically reviews existing literature to explore the advancements in due diligence frameworks and their impact on optimizing investment outcomes in emerging markets. Central to this discussion are the roles of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors, and the integration of innovative technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data analytics, and blockchain technology in the due diligence process. Through a nuanced analysis, this article elucidates how a strategic focus on ESG factors can potentially pave the way for sustainable and ethically grounded investments in emerging markets. Furthermore, it underscores the transformative potential of leveraging technology in enhancing the complexity and sophistication of due diligence frameworks, thereby facilitating more informed and successful investment decisions. The findings through in-depth analysis detailed scrutiny of the existing due diligence frameworks in emerging markets illustrates their substantial influence on the triumph of investments. Through comprehensive discussions with seasoned professionals and examination of case studies, it becomes apparent that due diligence mechanisms are complex and hold a pivotal role in shaping the results of investment endeavours. As emerging markets continue to evolve and hold a significant place in the global economic landscape, the adaptation and integration of these advanced frameworks can potentially revolutionize investment strategies, fostering not only economic gains but also contributing to broader societal and environmental well-being. Through this comprehensive review, the study aims to foster a deeper understanding of the current landscape of due diligence processes in emerging markets and envision a path towards more innovative, sustainable, and successful investment strategies grounded in rigorous due diligence.
... Rothaermel (2019) states that strategy is a long-term planning process that includes setting organizational goals, analyzing the external and internal environment, and developing an action plan to achieve these goals. Meanwhile, Hitt et al. (2019) state that strategy is a series of decisions taken by management to achieve organizational goals and provide direction for allocating company resources. This is in line with the statement of Barney and Hesterly (2018), which states that strategy is a pattern of action chosen by an organization to achieve a competitive advantage in its environment by adjusting resources to existing opportunities and threats. ...
To identify the internal and external environment with SWOT analysis in UMKM Kampung Kue Rungkut and formulate alternative business development strategies. The research method applied in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection was done through observation, interview, and documentation. SWOT analysis indicates that Kampung Kue Rungkut has superior strengths and opportunities compared to the existing weaknesses and threats. Therefore, the direction of the business strategy being developed by these MSMEs supports the Aggressive Strategy. This research contributes to business development by explaining the green human resources strategy that MSMEs must implement to maximize opportunities and reduce threats.
... It benefits firms in a variety of ways, including improved financial performance, expanded client base, geographical reach, product diversity, and so on. (Hitt, et al. 2019). In accordance to the literature the financial progress of an organization and the expansion go hand in hand. ...
The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of digital financial inclusion on the institutional growth of banking companies in SAARC countries including Bhutan, India, and Maldives, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka data using secondary data analysis. The study examines current datasets, with a particular emphasis on metrics of digital financial inclusion such as mobile banking, online banking, and electronic payments, as well as institutional growth indicators such as assets, profitability, and market share. This study adopts a quantitative research design, drawing on secondary data from the annual reports of selected financial corporations in SAARC countries from 2015 to 2020. The data is examined by descriptive statistics, panel data regression, and correlation analysis. The study's findings are likely to shed light on the existing condition of digital financial inclusion in SAARC countries, as well as its implications for the banking sector. The study recommends for policymakers and stakeholders in the banking industry to promote financial inclusion and digital transformation.
... This study was guided by the strategic leadership theory (Hitt et al., 2016), which emphasizes the role of leaders in guiding organizations toward long-term success. Ethical practices are integral to effective strategic leadership, encompassing ethical leadership, well-developed codes of conduct, and systems for rewarding ethical behavior. ...
Forex bureaus function in an environment marked by various financial uncertainties that heavily influence their economic outcomes. In the modern era, these entities have encountered multiple incidents that have introduced financial challenges. The importance of establishing effective risk management approaches became evident following the downfall of major firms such as WorldCom and Enron, highlighting the necessity for businesses to safeguard themselves and their stakeholders from diverse financial dangers. This research sought to investigate various critical components of financial risk management within Forex bureaus. The main goals were to analyze how operational risk management affects the financial outcomes of Forex bureaus in Nairobi County, explore the role of credit risk management in shaping their financial results, evaluate the effects of liquidity risk management, and assess the impact of market risk management. The study was guided by four theoretical frameworks: Extreme Value Theory, Theory of Liquidity, Credit Theory, and Capital Market Theory. The target population consisted of 74 Forex bureaus, encompassing CEOs, Managing Directors, and middle management staff. To ensure a representative sample, the Yamane formula was used to determine a sample size of 210. The researcher utilized a stratified sampling technique. The research utilized a mix of both primary and secondary data gathering techniques. The evaluation process included an initial review, descriptive statistical analysis, and inferential methods such as correlation analysis and regression modeling. The results indicated a relationship between financial risk management practices and the financial performance of Forex bureaus in Nairobi County. It was evident that credit risk management impacts financial performance (β=0.321; p<0.05), liquidity risk influences financial performance (β=0.526; p<0.05), operational risk affects financial performance (β=0.122; p<0.05), and market risk also impacts financial performance (β=0.362; p<0.05). The study suggested that management should develop parameters to monitor and mitigate the adverse effects of unpredictability in the foreign exchange market.
... Moreover, the five forces competitive model can be used to analyze the industry environment analysis which involves the threat of new entrants, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers, the threat of substitute products, and intensity of rivalry among competing firms (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2012). Porter"s Five Forces is a very powerful tool in analyzing the competitive environment of each company, but it is a rather time-consuming process, it ignores powers that are outside the market (e.g. ...
This paper aims to analyze the strategic decision taken by the organization and to develop the strategic options and provide some recommendations for managerial decision-making. For this analysis, an MNC has been chosen, named as British American Tobacco who has the operation in more than fifty-five countries. The strategic analysis has been performed in three separate stages. This study reveals that despite the overall decline in traditional cigarette sales, the company has managed to remain profitable and with positive cash flows in recent years. So far, focusing its investments and strategy on the development of next-generation products is adequately rewarding and promising, as BAT remains the leader in this new growing market with total revenue of approximately £400m. These achievements were made possible thanks to the company"s ability to attract-retain skillful employees from all around the world and the implementation of a strong and global Information System ("Tao"). This study is mainly based on the UK market although BAT has the operation in over 55 countries. Moreover, data has been drawn from the published sources. In the future, there is a scope to produce and use various primary data. Before providing the recommendations for the future strategic choices and direction of the company, it is important to have an integrative understanding of the BAT"s external and internal environment, the role of the stakeholders, identifying the SWOT, and to explore the core competencies, which can generate competitive advantages for British American Tobacco
هدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد أثر التسويق الإلكتروني في الريادة المؤسسية في الجامعات الأهلية اليمنية بأمانة العاصمة صنعاء، وتم استخدم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في الدراسة، وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من جميع مديري الإدارة العليا والوسطى ومختصي التسويق الإلكتروني في (9) جامعات أهلية يمنية في العاصمة صنعاء، مضى على تأسيسها أكثر من عشر سنوات، وتضمنت رؤاها الاستراتيجية البعد الريادي ، ونظرًا لصغر حجم مجتمع الدراسة فقد تم استخدام أسلوب الحصر الشامل، وتم توزيع (220) استبانة على أفراد المجتمع، وخلصت الدراسة إلى وجود أثر إيجابي لأبعاد التسويق الإلكتروني (المنتج الإلكتروني، والترويج الإلكتروني، والتوزيع الإلكتروني) باستثناء التسعير الالكتروني في الريادة المؤسسية في الجامعات الأهلية اليمنية بالعاصمة صنعاء، حيث كان بعد المنتج الإلكتروني أكثر تلك الأبعاد تأثيرًا في الريادة المؤسسية، وأقلها تأثيرًا بعد التوزيع الإلكتروني. وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة سعي الجامعات لتحقيق مستويات ريادية متقدمة، والعمل المستمر على تحسين أبعاد التسويق الإلكتروني، وذلك من خلال تحقيق المواءمة بين تصميم المنتجات التعليمية الإلكترونية بما يتناسب مع احتياجات عملائها، ويمكنها من اقتناص الفرص الجديدة في سوق العمل وتحقيق نوع من التكامل بين أبعاد التسويق الإلكتروني مع التركيز على المنتج الالكتروني باعتباره العنصر الأكثر تأثيرا في الريادة المؤسسية للجامعات.
إن الهدف الأساسي من هذه الدراسة تمثل في تحليل الدور التفاعلي للهوية الاستراتيجية في العلاقة بين العقيدة التسويقية واصالة العلامة التجارية، وذلك كمحاولة من الباحثة في المساهمة بتطوير واقع قطاع صناعة المنتجات الغذائية في العراق عبر وضع الأسس المناسبة لتحقيق اصالة العلامة التجارية. بناءً على ذلك تم استطلاع آراء مجتمع الدراسة المتمثل بالعاملين في شركة نور الكفيل للمنتجات الحيوانية والغذائية بصورة شاملة بوساطة استبيان محكم أعد لهذا الغرض، وبعد ان وزعت الباحثة (115) استبانة حصلت على (100) استبانة صالحة للتحليل الإحصائي، ومن بعد ذلك تم إجراء تحليل للبيانات من خلال استعمال مجموعة من الاختبارات في برنامج SmartPLS v.4 وبرنامج SPSS v.24، ولقد أظهرت نتائج التحليل الإحصائي لفرضيات الدراسة وجود نوعين من العلاقة بين المتغيرات قيد الدراسة، النوع الأول من العلاقة تمثل بوجود تأثير معنوي وموجب مباشر للعقيدة التسويقية في اصالة العلامة التجارية، وكذلك وجود تأثير معنوي وموجب مباشر للهوية الاستراتيجية في اصالة العلامة التجارية. أما النوع الثاني من العلاقة فقد تمثل بوجود تأثير تفاعلي لمتغير الهوية الاستراتيجية في العلاقة بين العقيدة التسويقية واصالة العلامة التجارية. استنادا لنتائج هذه الدراسة، فإن القيمة المضافة لها، تتمثل في وصفها بأنها المحاولة الأولى في سياق تقليص الفجوة المعرفية بين المتغيرات آنفة الذكر. نتيجة لذلك تدعو الباحثة الباحثين المهتمين بالنطاق المعرفي والتطبيقي لهذه المتغيرات إلى إجراء المزيد من الدراسات والأبحاث في مختلف المنظمات العراقية أو مختلف المنظمات في بلدانٍ أخرى.
Our research explores the effects of green entrepreneurial orientation, green human capital, and corporate environmental strategy on green supply chain integration in the context of Chinese manufacturing firms. Grounded in the resource-based view, this study asserts that these constructs are crucial as internal resources contribute to sustainable competitive advantage. This study employs a systematic random sampling approach for data collection, targeting senior managers across key industrial sectors in China, including renewable energy, waste management, and green construction. By surveying 316 Chinese manufacturing enterprises and utilizing the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique, this paper reveals significant direct relationships among green entrepreneurial orientation, green human capital, corporate environmental strategy, and green supply chain integration. Additionally, we identify corporate environmental strategy as a critical mediating factor among the associations. The research contributes to the resource-based view by illustrating the potential of environmentally focused resources in promoting green innovation and integration. Our findings also reveal the significant importance of corporate environmental strategies in establishing a connection between green entrepreneurial efforts, human capital, and supply chain practices. Moreover, the study offers crucial strategic insights for manufacturing organizations seeking to align their entrepreneurial initiatives effectively, investments in human capital, and environmental plans to improve sustainability in their supply chain operations.
Manajemen strategik adalah proses merencanakan, menerapkan, dan mengevaluasi keputusan yang menciptakan keunggulan kompetitif dan memastikan kelangsungan hidup organisasi dalam menghadapi perubahan lingkungan yang dinamis. Manajemen strategik melibatkan proses yang sistematis dan terstruktur yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, merumuskan, mengimplementasikan, serta mengevaluasi strategi yang dapat membantu organisasi mencapai tujuan jangka panjangnya. Manajemen strategik terdiri dari beberapa tahap yang saling terkait, mulai dari analisis lingkungan eksternal dan internal, perumusan strategi, implementasi strategi, hingga evaluasi dan pengendalian. Manajemen strategik dan manajemen operasional sering kali disamakan, padahal keduanya memiliki fokus yang berbeda. Manajemen strategik berfokus pada pengembangan dan pengelolaan strategi jangka panjang yang berkaitan dengan arah keseluruhan organisasi, seperti keputusan ekspansi pasar atau diversifikasi produk. Sedangkan manajemen operasional berkaitan dengan implementasi dan pengelolaan aktivitas sehari-hari untuk memastikan bahwa proses-proses dalam organisasi berjalan dengan efektif dan efisien.
This study explores the theoretical frameworks shaping organisational design, focusing on their interplay and impact on strategic decision-making. A literature review examines key elements such as strategy, environment, processes, people, leadership, and information systems. The research proposes a conceptual model that integrates insights from various theories, offering a roadmap for aligning these elements to achieve organisational design excellence. The model highlights the dynamic interaction of these factors, guiding organisations in making resilient and adaptable design decisions. While providing a comprehensive overview, the study acknowledges its limitations due to the scope of the available literature and the potential variation in the model’s applicability across different organisational contexts.
Contemporary Business Practices and Sustainable Strategic Growth explores the dynamic relationship between technological advancements, economic development, and sustainability. Covering diverse industries, this volume highlights the role of innovation in shaping modern business practices, from AI-driven financial markets to augmented reality in e-commerce. It examines topics such as crowdfunding for socio-economic impact, workforce retention in IT, waste management, automation in the automobile sector, and the influence of AI on consumer behavior. The book also covers financial inclusion, stock market prediction, and challenges in India's banking sector, while addressing cultural preservation, labor training, and competition law.
Key Features:
- Interdisciplinary research on innovation, sustainability, and business strategy.
- Case studies on AI, digital economy, financial markets, and consumer behavior.
- Insights into workforce management, education, and industry-specific challenges.
- Practical models for sustainable business development.
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in both the global and local economies by contributing to job creation and innovation. However, MSMEs often face challenges in financial management, including access to financing and cost control. This study examines the importance of strategic financial management for MSMEs, including financial planning, cash flow management, and investment diversification. A qualitative approach is used to explore effective strategies in fund management and identify the challenges faced. The research findings indicate that good financial planning, wise fund management, and investment diversification are key strategies for enhancing MSME competitiveness and sustainability. Practical recommendations are developed to assist MSMEs in achieving their financial goals.
This study examines the relationship between leadership styles and turnover intentions in technology startups. It was a correlational study that followed the cross-sectional research design. The hypotheses were democratic and laissez faire leadership styles have positive whereas authoritarian leadership styles have an inverse relationship with turnover intentions of the employees. Data was collected from 150 employees and leaders with age ranges from 20 to 40 years within technology startups in Lahore, Pakistan using the non-probability purposive sampling technique. Leadership styles were measured using the Leadership Style Questionnaire (LSQ), while turnover intentions were measured with the Turnover Intention Scale (TIS-6). The results show a nonsignificant correlation between all leadership styles and turnover intentions. Tech startups represent a relatively underexplored population in leadership and organizational behavior literature. Present study tried to expand theoretical frameworks by applying leadership models to non-traditional organizational structures. However, hypotheses were not accepted in the proposed direction. Future research may increase sample size and replicate the study with different populations to see the relationship dynamics.
Kewirausahaan telah menjadi penyokong stabilitas perekonomian suatu negara, tanpa terkecuali di Indonesia. Peran penting UMKM dalam menyokong perekonomian lokal salah satunya tercermin pada saat pandemi COVID-19. UMKM tidak hanya membantu memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat, tetapi juga menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan di masa yang penuh tantangan ini. Peran UMKM dalam menggerakkan perekonomian di tengah pandemi menunjukkan bahwa mereka bukan hanya sekadar sektor usaha kecil tetapi juga aktor utama dalam pemulihan ekonomi nasional. Sebelum pandemi, UMKM sudah dikenal sebagai tulang punggung perekonomian dengan menyumbang lebih dari 60% terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) dan menyerap lebih dari 97% tenaga kerja.
Salah satu contoh nyata penerapan hal ini adalah Edward Tirtanata, CEO Kopi Kenangan yang berhasil memanfaatkan pengalamannya dalam industri yang berbeda untuk mengidentifikasi peluang besar dalam pasar kopi di Indonesia.
The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of disclosure of intellectual capital on the value of manufacturing sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2021. This study uses management letter as a source to collect the disclosure of intellectual capital. This study used a data sample for the 2019-2021 period of 294 manufacturing firm years which were determined by the purposive sampling method. The data analysis technique used is a multiple linear regression. The results of the study show that the disclosure of intellectual capital has a positive and significant effect on firm value. The decomposition disclosure of intellectual capital reveal that the environmental capital component has a positive and significant effect while the components of human capital, structural capital and relational capital have no effect on firm value. The control variables in this study, namely profitability and firm size, have no effect on firm value. The implication of this study is the disclosure of intellectual capital in the management letter has the information content. Investors consider disclosure of green intellectual capital management letter important. It shows the management commitment in implementing intellectual capital. Keywords: environmental capital, firm value, intellectual capital, human capital, relational capital, structural capital
Burger King, from the name alone, you know that this company is engaged in the culinary field, which is the point of its name, namely burgers, which is definitely the main menu of the name. Currently, there are many companies or individuals selling this food, one of which is Burger King. Burger King was first established in Miami, Florida, America. Currently, Burger King has almost 19,247 branches worldwide and already has 31 branches in all cities in Indonesia. Burger King has a variety of very interesting menu variants, not only burgers but also fried chicken, potatoes, and various other menus that are no less delicious than their burgers. Burger King also makes a packaged menu which contains potatoes and drinks too, but we as consumers can also buy certain foods that we want. Burger King also often makes special menus that are issued only at certain moments or collaborates with other food brands to make it more attractive to consumers. In Indonesia, Burger King has also included its company in online applications such as gofood, grab, and others. Burger King connoisseurs are not only adults but all people, from children to the elderly, even like this food. Therefore, our goal in choosing Burger King as the company we studied was to see how influential the Business level strategy is in meeting customer needs and also increasing sales which has its own charm compared to other competing companies.
يهدف البحث الحالي إلى استكشاف دور سلاسل التوريد الرقمية في تعزيز القدرات التسويقية، ودراسة الأطر النظرية والتطبيقات العملية لهذه السلاسل. كما سيحاول البحث الاجابة على تساؤلات البحث في هل توجد علاقة بين سلاسل التجهيز الرقمية وتعزيز المقدرات التسويقية. تنبع أهمية البحث من الحاجة المتزايدة لفهم العلاقة المتبادلة بين التطور الرقمي وسلاسل التوريد والتسويق، ودورها في تحقيق الاداء الريادي للشركات في ظل بيئة أعمال شديدة التغير. تم اختيار الشركة العامة لتجارة الحبوب في بغداد احدى تشكلات وزارة التجارة موقعا لتطبيق البحث. واختيرت عينة قصدية من المدراء العاملين في المستويات الوسطى والعليا في الشركة وبلغ عدد المستجيبين (75) مدير. يعتمد البحث الحالي على المنهج التحليلي الوصفي في اعداد الحث واستخدم برنامج SPSS V.26 لتحليل البيانات. وقد توصل البحث الى وجود علاقة اثر وارتباط بين سلاسل التجهيز الرقمية وتعزيز القدرات التسويقية. ويوصي البحث باستثمار للشركة العامة لتجارة الحبوب في تحديث البنية التحتية التكنولوجية بما يتوافق مع متطلبات سلاسل التوريد الرقمية وتعزيز قدرات الشبكات ونظم تخزين البيانات لضمان التدفق السلس للمعلومات بين مختلف أقسام الشركة وبما يعزز من قدرات الشركة التسويقية في السوق
This research aims to explore the role of digital supply chains in enhancing marketing capabilities, by studying the theoretical frameworks and practical applications of these chains. This research will also attempt to answer the research questions in whether there is a relationship between digital supply chains and enhancing marketing capabilities. The importance of the current research comes from the increasing need to understand the interrelationship between digital development, supply chains and marketing, and their role in achieving pioneering performance for companies in a highly changing business environment. The General Company for Grain Trade in Baghdad, one of the formations of the Ministry of Trade, was chosen as the site for implementing the research. A purposive sample of managers working at the middle and upper levels in the company was selected, and the number of respondents was (75) managers. The research relied on the descriptive analytical approach in preparing the survey, and the SPSS V.26 statistical analysis program was used to analyze the data. This research concluded that there is a relationship of influence and association between digital supply chains and enhancing marketing capabilities. This study recommends that the company under study invest in updating the technological infrastructure to suit the requirements of digital supply chains and enhancing the capabilities of networks and data storage systems to ensure the smooth flow of information between the company's various departments and thus enhance the company's marketing capabilities in the market
The idea of sustainability is receiving recognition in the HR sector and shaping the development of a sustainable HRM strategy for employees. The prevailing consensus in human resource management (HRM) literature indicates that organizations seeking to attract and retain talent for future business operations must shift the current paradigm where human resources are exploited instead of nurtured. However, achieving sustainability objectives through the organization's human resources has received very little attention from specialists. Although scholars have recently gained interest in this field, the literature concerning the topic remains fragmented and diverse. The research is mainly descriptive and centers on illustrating the idea of sustainable HRM uncomplicatedly. Sustainable HRM is viewed as an extension of strategic HRM, offering a new approach to people management that prioritizes long-term enhancement, regeneration, and rejuvenation of human resources. Subsequently, the characteristics of sustainable HRM in contrast to conventional HRM are unclear. The research evaluates the immediate impacts of Sustainable HRM practices on organizational resilience and adaptability. The key findings emphasize how sustainable HRM practices affect organizational resilience both directly and indirectly.
This article conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the literature on business
intelligence and strategic management, encompassing 456 publications from 1990 to 2023. The
primary language of these publications is English, spanning the fields of business management,
social sciences, and economics. The research represents contributions from 40 countries, with
a notable concentration in the United States, the United Kingdom, China, and Germany. Our
use of VOSviewer for co-authorship, term co-occurrence, citation analysis, and bibliographic
linkage reveals critical insights into the interconnectedness and evolution of these fields,
offering a roadmap for future research and practice. Findings indicate dynamic and expanding research domains for both business intelligence and strategic management, marked by significant international collaboration and varied research themes.
Keywords: Business Intelligence, Strategic Management, Bibliometric Analysis, VosViewer
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