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FAREWELL TO CONSCRIPTION? THE CASE OF DENMARK
... 86 This made Norway different from Denmark, where the traditional attachment to conscription was weaker; hence the system of longterm conscription was easier to reform. 87 Unlike in Denmark, the Norwegian military continued to be seen as an institution that should serve as a homogenizing vehicle for the young men of the nation. 88 Conscription had become institutionalized and tied to national myths to a degree where it was difficult to challenge on functional grounds. ...
The article makes an empirical contribution by providing an in-depth study of the post-cold war defense policies of Norway and Denmark. The Danish Armed Forces first became involved in combat operations during the disintegration of Yugoslavia, where they deployed with heavily armed ground formations. In one incident in April 1994, Danish tanks engaged Bosnian Serbs forces, firing 72 main tank rounds and possibly killing as many as 150 Bosnian Serbs. The insight that the disappearance of a territorial threat opens up a space for reorienting the armed forces is hardly unique to Denmark. A number of Danish inquiries coming directly on the eve of the end of the Cold War recognized the new security situation facing the country and moved official Danish policy towards a more comprehensive view of security. The EU served as a way of preventing this by tying Germany into a European political structure from which it could be controlled.
This article explores how the concept of military service develops in the post-conflict society of Cyprus (RoC), following its accession to the European Union (EU). It is based on an exhaustive series of individual interviews with soldiers, lawyers, politicians, ambassadors and civilians, as well as an analysis of media content. The article sets out exactly how EU accession presented a confusing ideological trajectory for the army, lowering motivation for defending the border against occupying forces. The diminishing value of military service takes place against a background of changing masculine ideals. Moreover, defence diplomacy aiming to create energy alliances between EU member states against Turkey had the unintended consequence of young men further disassociating from direct involvement in the defence project. The article also analyses a number of policies developed to deal with conscription issues. Through the case study of Cyprus, we come to see how policy on military service during the EU accession process should incorporate changing civil-military relations.
Defence and Security Studies is a peer-reviewed monograph series published by the Norwegian Institute of Defence Studies in Oslo.
It provides in-depth studies of topics which include all aspects of defence policy, security
relations in Northern Europe and the Transatlantic and Eurasian area, military and civilian
crisis operations, as well as relations within and between security actors such as NATO, the EU and the UN.
The series welcomes contributions from historians, political scientists, scholars of international relations and war/security studies, as well as scholars from other disciplines or practitioners in the above mentioned fields. It aims to reach an audience of academic researchers, defence and foreign affairs analysts, politicians, diplomats, journalists, as well as others with a special interest in this field of research.
Editor: Anna Therese Klingstedt
(e-mail: therese.klingstedt@ifs.mil.no)
This article introduces the idea of brands to debates about Nordic models and identity. Understanding brands to be more strategic and stable than identities, the article shows how a Nordic brand was marketed during the Cold War, but has since been challenged and undermined by a number of pressures. Central to the Nordic brand have been ideas of Nordic ‘exceptionalism’—of the Nordics as being different from or better than the norm—and of the Nordic experience, norms and values as a model to be copied by others. In the post-Cold War period, key aspects of the Nordic brand have been challenged. On the one hand, elements of the Nordic elite appear to have forsaken the brand. On the other, broader recognition of a distinct Nordic brand is being undermined with the melding of Nordic with European practices and processes. The article concludes by asking whether the decline of the Nordic brand matters and further explores the link between Nordicity as a brand and as an identity.
This bibliography is a result of a common project led and financed by external funds awarded to NUPI and is written by a group of Nordic scholars specialising in security, foreign policy and IR. It is aimed at identifying and collecting existing literature on Nordic security policy, including defence, security identity and foreign policy, and covers both empirical and theoretical contributions. This one of a kind bibliography gives a state of the art of Nordic security and is the perfect place to start any study of or review of papers on Nordic security but also Nordic-ness, Nordic societies or the Nordic countries as such. The bibliography is of value to scholars with an interest in Nordic and Scandinavian studies, regional (including European) security, as well as in studies of small state and their place in the world.
Forsvar for værnepligten
- Bjerg
- Hans
Bjerg, Hans, Christian (1996), Forsvar for værnepligten. Landsforeningen Værn om Danmark, København