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Total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and in vitro antihypertension activity of purified extract of Indonesian cashew leaves ( Anacardium occidentale L.)

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Total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and in vitro antihypertension activity of purified extract of Indonesian cashew leaves (Anacardium occidentale L.) Abstract Cashew tree (family Anacardiaceae) grows widely in many areas of the Southeast Asia countries including Indonesia. Its fruit and nut are used for food, whereas its leaf is one of the traditional antihypertensive medicine in Indonesia. Hypertension affects many people around the world especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. The study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antihypertension effect of purified extract of cashew leaves (PECL) using an isolated organ technique, and determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The results showed that PECL at 0.5 and 1.0 mg/mL was obviously able to inhibit the contraction of isolated rat aorta induced by cumulative addition of phenylephrine. The inhibitory effect of PECL were 25.72±8.19% and 39.60±3.50% (p<0.05), respectively. PECL (1.0 mg/mL) also changed the pD 2 value of phenylephrine from 6.71±0.37 to 5.93±0.33 (p<0.05), and relaxed the isolated-organ mildly by 13.11±0.72%. In addition, PECL contained the total phenolic of 19.78±0.62% and the total flavonoids of 1.97±0.04% which are equivalent to gallic acid and rutin, respectively.
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... To determine the total phenolic content of the extract of A. maurorum, which was described in terms of gallic acid [32], the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent technique was employed, while the total flavonoid content was determined as rutin [33]. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the plant was determined by employing the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power assay (RPA). ...
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