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"Cooperation Is the Guiding Principle": Jews and Arabs in the Haifa Municipality During the British Mandate
Abstract
Municipal governance was the only administrative field shared by Arabs and Jews during the Mandate period. Its study in the context of mandatory Haifa enables us to explore the conditions under which Jews and Arabs were able to forge a joint political framework and to promote beneficial relations between the two communities. Cooperation in Haifa's municipal council was a unique manifestation, not shared by other mixed cities, and it was particularly extraordinary in the context of an escalating conflict between the two sides. The article argues that the reason for such cooperation was the benefits that the Jewish leadership saw in proving that despite prevailing tensions it was possible to develop a sound relationship for municipal purposes as well as for accomplishing national goals beyond the local domain.
... Carmel. As an expression of the cooperation between Jews and Arabs at the municipal level, each community was autonomous with regard to naming streets in its respective neighborhoods (Goren 2006). In 1934, the municipality set up a Names Committee with both Jewish and Arab members, the role of which was largely limited to coordinating the naming of streets at the municipal level. ...
... While Haifa eventually fell to the fierce Christian forces from Europe, this early experience of Jews and Arabs fighting shoulder to shoulder against a common enemy may have remained in the psyches of our two peoples. Much later, during Mandatory times, Haifa was unique among mixed municipalities for its positive experience in conjoint Arab-Jewish leadership even as hostilities grew in the rest of the country (Goren 2006). ...
This article examines the contribution of the concepts trust and risk to our understanding of place meaning as people perceive it, and compares the meanings of a place to two different ethnic groups: Arabs and Jews in Israel. The empirical quantitative study was conducted among 210 Arab and Jewish adults who visited the renovated German Colony, a leisure place of restaurants and bars, in Haifa in August 2003. Arab and Jewish participants attributed the following conceptions to the German Colony: a place of trust, safety, good qualities, friendships, and an ethnic minority place. The Arab participants provided four more distinctive conceptions: privacy, trust within their group, unprecedented place, and culturally shared activities. The Jewish participants added a place of a specific class. The study suggests that concepts of trust and risk and their entailments are helpful for further elaborating research questions and hypotheses. The framework could applied to compare meanings of place among different ethnic groups, and comparison along class and gender lines, etc.
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