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A survey on the epiphytic bryophyte flora in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula
Abstract and Figures
The epiphytic bryoflora growing on trunks of Quercus pyrenaica Willd. and Q. robur L. has been surveyed throughout an extended area in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Seventy four species are catalogued (14 liverworts and 60 mosses) with an indication of their distribution in the area. Knowledge of the regional flora is supplemented with a total of 44 novelties for 7 of the 8 provinces considered. Substrate affinity for several facultative epiphytes is discussed on the basis of their frequency on bark. The distribution of regionally rare species such as Harpalejeunea molleri, Metzgeria fruticulosa, M. temperata, Orthotrichum consimile, O. scanicum, O. shawii, Ulota coarctata and Zygodon viridissimus is used in conjunction with overall species richness and the degree to which they are representative of the regional flora to assess the local significance of the different localities and to select a list of hotspots for conservation.
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... We sampled 107 forests. Forty of these forests had previous information on species composition and abundance at the forest scale (Lara 1993, Albertos et al. 2005, Cortés 2005), while the remaining 67 forests were sampled during the current survey and therefore have detailed information on species composition and abundance at the three scales of analysis (forest, stand, and sample; see below). ...
... Because of this, our approach is based on using a fixed number of samples. This strategy is the most common approach in the study of epiphytic bryophytes in Mediterranean environments (see e.g., Lara 1993, González-Mancebo et al. 2004, Albertos et al. 2005, Garcia et al. 2005, Draper et al. 2006, Ezer et al. 2009. ...
... Twenty samples were collected in each forest, which is known to be enough to obtain an adequate representation of the diversity of epiphytic bryophytes in Mediterranean environments (Lara 1993, Albertos et al. 2005. We collected seven samples in the first two stands and six in the last one. ...
... We sampled 107 forests. Forty of these forests had previous information on species composition and abundance at the forest scale (Lara 1993, Albertos et al. 2005, Cortés 2005), while the remaining 67 forests were sampled during the current survey and therefore have detailed information on species composition and abundance at the three scales of analysis (forest, stand, and sample; see below). ...
... Because of this, our approach is based on using a fixed number of samples. This strategy is the most common approach in the study of epiphytic bryophytes in Mediterranean environments (see e.g., Lara 1993, González-Mancebo et al. 2004, Albertos et al. 2005, Garcia et al. 2005, Draper et al. 2006, Ezer et al. 2009. ...
... Twenty samples were collected in each forest, which is known to be enough to obtain an adequate representation of the diversity of epiphytic bryophytes in Mediterranean environments (Lara 1993, Albertos et al. 2005. We collected seven samples in the first two stands and six in the last one. ...
Diversity patterns are governed by a complex network of interacting factors. Studies directed to disentangle the most important factors affecting diversity have frequently shown divergent results, which has encouraged a rewarding debate about the relative importance of each factor. Scale dependency has been identified as a direct cause of at least part of such divergences. However, studies with spatially-explicit measurements at different scales are costly and therefore they are relatively scarce despite their importance. Here, we present a database to disentangle the cross-scale variation in the importance of factors affecting the diversity of epiphytic bryophyte communities in Quercus dominated forests (Quercus ilex L., Quercus pyrenaica Willd. and Quercus faginea Lam.) in the North-western region of the Iberian Peninsula. We provide species-per-site abundance information with more than 9000 entries and an environmental table containing 20 in situ measured variables at three different scales (forest, stand, and sample). The database will help to advance the research of cross-scale effects of diversity patterns while at the same time providing valuable information on the distribution of a poorly known group of organisms.
... Regarding to calcite encrustations (Fig. 6C-D), they were composed of parallel layers with crystalline aspect. The biological colonization was formed by epiphytic bryoflora (mosses) (Fig. 6E), which is extended in the NW Iberian Peninsula [53] for its humid moderate climate. ...
Correctly describing the deterioration patterns is of great importance for the conservation of built cultural heritage. Also, their rapid in situ quantification is an essential requisite when studying exposed stone objects, to define satisfactory restoration actions and to avoid greater damage due to the application of incorrect treatments. The research described in this paper targets developing a methodology to compute the extent of different deterioration patterns on a granitic cultural heritage object using as a case study an overpass bridge called Puente Nuevo in Ourense (NW Spain). The applied methodology consisted of the combination of the geometric and radiometric information collected from a non-invasive and in situ mobile LiDAR system (MLS) and micro destructive analytical techniques. Laser scanning points were used as a base to create orthophotos, being their intensity values the input for an unsupervised classification method to determine the areas occupied for those different deterioration patterns. In parallel, as part of this multi-analytical approach different conventional analytical techniques (X ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and optical microscopy) were applied to chemically and mineralogically characterize those deterioration patterns, namely, gypsum black crust, calcite encrustations and biological colonization (mosses). LiDAR technology allowed to determine three different clusters considering the reflectance of those surfaces: uncoated granite, calcite encrustations and black crusts and biological colonization patinas in a combined cluster due to their close reflectance spectra. The computed extent and the location of those deterioration patterns will allow to identify the most suitable cleaning treatment saving money and time.
... These flora are extensive in the NW of Iberian Peninsula due to its humid moderate climate (Albertos et al., 2005). On the mortars, the mosses have the optimal conditions to develop their structures because they are more permeable than granites. ...
Stone coatings, biological colonization, efflorescence and detachments are frequent on granitic surfaces of our cultural heritage infrastructure. In order to find the different origins for each deterioration form, this paper studies and compares several coatings, efflorescence and flakes found on granitic surfaces of bridges from different ages built in the same area (Ourense in NW Iberian Peninsula at 90 km from the sea) under the same environmental and traffic conditions. The most recent bridge was the New Bridge built in the beginning of 20th century and the oldest one was the Roman Bridge with the 1st century AD foundations but its current structure was built in 17th century. The New Bridge has exhibited a greater variety of deterioration forms such as black crusts, carbonate crusts, efflorescence and biological colonization. On the Roman Bridge, black crusts, efflorescence to a greater extent, and flakes associated with salt crystallization processes have been identified. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy studies were carried out in order to establish their composition, and optical and electronic microscopies and X-ray microtomography were used to study their morphologies. As a result, anthropogenic factors (industrial activities, traffic pollution and fertilizers) are considered to be the main contributors to crusts, efflorescence and flake formation on both studied substrates (granite ashlars and mortars). To a lesser extent, natural factors (marine influence and bird droppings) should be taken into account.
A dataset of 3,250,404 measurements, collated from 26,114 sampling locations in 94 countries and representing 47,044 species. The data were collated from 480 existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database was assembled as part of the PREDICTS project - Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems; www.predicts.org.uk.
The taxonomic identifications provided in the original data sets are those determined at the time of the original research, and so will not reflect subsequent taxonomic changes.
This dataset is described in 10.1002/ece3.2579. A description of the way that this dataset was assembled is given in 10.1002/ece3.1303.
columns.csv: Description of data extract columns
database.zip: Database in zipped CSV format
database.rds: Database in RDS format
sites.zip: Site-level summaries in compressed CSV format
sites.rds: Site-level summaries in RDS format
references.csv: Data references in CSV format
references.bib: Data references in BibTeX format
The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.
The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.
The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.
The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.<br/
The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.
A catalogue of 51 corticolous taxa (eight hepatics, and 43 mosses) is presented. Among the factors accounting for so high a richness in epiphytic bryophytes in a mediterranean environment, the most relevant are: a large representation of the genus Orthotrichum (10 species) and a high number of facultative epiphytes which, from surrounding rocks or soil, colonize tree bases or trunks. -from English summary
A bryofloristic study is carried out on the relict riparian grove of Portugal laurel (Prunus lusitanica L.) from Poyales del Hoyo (Avila). Seventy-one tax aof bryophytes (21 liverworts, 50 mosses) are reported, 23 taxa are new provincial records and 5 are found in their innermost locality for the Iberian Peninsula. The high richness and taxonomic diversity coupled with liverworts dominance and high representation of the atlantic element (42.3%), substantiate the ecological and chorological originality of the studied site, which appears as an oceanic isle set in a continental mediterranean area.
The bryoflora of Iregua River is composed of 123 taxa. Bryum barnesii is a new record for Spain. -from English summary
The evolution during 15 months of an oakwood bryoflora of Navarra (N Spain) after different fire types has been studied in this paper. Only 11 species have managed to recolonize, among them the best colonizer is Pleuridium acuminatum.
The bryophyte flora of the Sierras de Filabres, Cabrera, Alhamilla and Cabo de Gata of Almería province (S.E. Spain) includes 280 taxa (236 mosses and 44 liverworts) of which 74 are new to the province of Almería, 31 to the southeastern part of the Iberian Peninsula and 4 to the Iberian Peninsula. Data about their biogeography and ecology are given.
The Swedish taxa of the Hedwigia ciliata complex are revised. In Sweden and Fennoscandia, there are three taxa, Hedwigia stellata Hedenäs, sp. nov., H. ciliata (Hedw.) Ehrh. ex P. Beauv. var. ciliata and H. ciliata var. leucophaea B., S. & G. Hedwigia stellata is recognized by its mostly recurved or reflexed leaf apices in the upper sterile shoots when dry, its sharply pointed leaf apex and its uni- or occasionally bi-papillose median leaf cells, with pelt ate papillae on the abaxial side. In both varieties of H. ciliata the leaf apices are erect to patent (occasionally spreading) or following the leaf curvature when dry, many or most leaf apices are truncate or pluripapillose and the median leaf cells are 1-4(-5)- papillose, with most cells having more than one papilla and the papillae are not peltate. Hedwigia ciliata var. ciliata differs from H. ciliata var. leucophaea in the length of the hair-point ((4-)7-33% versus (15-)22-55(-65)% of leaf length), in having less strongly papillose hair-points (macroscopically appearing greyer in var. ciliata than in var. leucophaea), in having more strongly recurved stem leaf margins than the latter and in having slightly larger spores ((23-)25-35 μm versus 19.5-28(-30)μm). Hedwigia ciliata var. ciliata occurs throughout Sweden whereas H. ciliata var. leucophaea is found in the north and in the mountains and H. stellata is known from the southern parts only.
A brief history of the taxonomy of the Hypnum cupressiforme complex in Europe and Britain is given. The results of a comprehensive study of British and Irish material of the complex is presented in the form of a key to and descriptions of the following taxa, the taxonomic statuses of which are discussed: Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw., H. lacunosum (Brid.) G.F. Hoffman var. lacunosum, H. lacunosum var. tecto rum (Brid.) J.P.. Frahm, H. andoi A.J.E. Smith (= H. mammillatum nom. inval.), H. uncinulatum Jur., H. resupinatum Tayl., H. jutlandicum Holmen & Warncke and H. imponens Hedw. H. cupressiforme var. filiforme Brid. is not considered worthy of taxonomic recognition.
RESUMEN: Se presentan los primeros resultados sobre el estudio de la flora briofítica de la comarca de Sanabria (Zamora) mediante la confección de un catálogo que incluye 68 táxones de las clases Sphagnopsida y Bryopsida. 67 de estos táxones son primera cita para la provincia de Zamora. SUMMARY: The first results of the study of the bryologie flora in Sanabria comarc (Zamora) are presented as a check list of 68 taxa. They belong to the Sphagnopsida and Bryopsida classes and 67 of this are new records for the Zamora province. INTRODUCCIÓN La Sanabria zamorana se haya enclavada en el NO provincial. Incluye las sierras de Secundera, Gamoneda, Trevinca, Cabrera Baja y Negra como las más importantes de la provincia. Su mayor parte corresponde a la cuenca hidrográfica del río Tera. La provincia de Zamora es una de las menos estudiadas desde el punto de vista briológico. Las primeras citas se deben a P. ALLORGE (1.934) que recolecta en Requejo 4 especies de musgos y 3 de hepáticas. Posteriormente los trabajos de POTIER DE LA VARDE (1945) y PEÑUELAS REIXACH & COMELLES (1984), incrementan el número total de briófitos de la provincia a tan solo 10 especies.